Life Sciences Commons^™

Characterization Of Sorghum Grain And Evaluation Of Sorghum Flour In A Chinese Egg Noodle System, Liman Liu, Thomas J. Herald, Donghai Wang, Jeff D. Wilson, Scott R. Bean, Fadi M. Aramouni

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Sorghum is a gluten free grain that has potential to be used as an alternative to wheat flour for the Celiac Sprue market. There are thousands of sorghum lines that have not been characterized for grain, flour or end product quality. The objective of the research was to gain an understanding among grain sorghum quality factors and Chinese egg noodles quality. Four sorghum hybrids were characterized and evaluated for kernel characteristics, proximate analysis, flour composition and end product in a Chinese egg noodle system. Kernel size and weight affected the flour particle size and the amount of starch damage. Flour …

Varietal Release History (2006-2012) Of Intsormil-Supported Nars Breeding Programs, Intsormil

INTSORMIL Scientific Publications

Spreadsheet of varietal release history for sorghum and pearl millet, by year, of INTSORMIL-supported national agricultural research systems breeding programs. Includes country, name of variety, on-farm yield, yield of local check variety, amount of seed produced (including breeder and whether Basic/Foundation certified), qualities other than yield (such as drought tolerance, forage quality, food type, etc.), and additional comments, such as whether birds will attack the crop at a particular time during the growing process, etc.

Country data for: Ethiopia, Mali, Mozambique, Niger, Uganda, Zambia, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua.

Sorgo Sureño Normal: El Sorgo Tradicional De Honduras De Doble Proposito, Alberto Morán Araujo, Miriam Villeda

INTSORMIL Scientific Publications

Origen: En Honduras, el Sorgo Sureño Normal ingresó a la estación experimental La Lujosa, en Choluteca, en el año de 1982, por medio del vivero de resistencia a l a i n t e m p e r i e , d o n d e s e seleccionó por su rendimiento, adaptación y calidad tortillera.

El Sorgo Sureño Normal fue liberado por la Secretaría de Recursos Naturales (SRN) y el Programa Internacional de Sorgo y Mijo (INTSORMIL) en 1985.

Adaptación: Sureño Normal se adapta a climas secos y calientes, suelos pobres, en condiciones de sequía y exceso de humedad …

Identification And Characterization Of Four Missense Mutations In Brown Midrib 12 (Bmr12), The Caffeic O-Methyltranferase (Comt) Of Sorghum, Scott E. Sattler, Nathan A. Palmer, Ana Saballos, Ann M. Greene, Zhanguo Xin, Gautam Sarath, Wilfred Vermerris, Jeffrey F. Pedersen

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Modifying lignin content and composition are targets to improve bioenergy crops for cellulosic conversion to biofuels. In sorghum and other C4 grasses, the brown midrib mutants have been shown to reduce lignin content and alter its composition. Bmr12 encodes the sorghum caffeic O-methyltransferase, which catalyzes the penultimate step in monolignol biosynthesis. From an EMS-mutagenized TILLING population, four bmr12 mutants were isolated. DNA sequencing identified the four missense mutations in the Bmr12 coding region, which changed evolutionarily conserved amino acids Ala71Val, Pro150Leu, Gly225Asp, and Gly325Ser. The previously characterized bmr12 mutants all contain premature stop codons. These newly identified mutants, along …

Expertos Analizan Impacto Del Cambio Climático En Granos Básicos Y Sorgos Forrajeros En El Salvador, Kimberly Christiansen

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

En el evento participan profesionales de El Salvador, así como de las universidades de Kansas State y Purdue, de Estados Unidos.

Exponer y analizar los principales efectos derivados del cambio climático en los cultivos de El Salvador, así como el impacto que ha tenido la adopción de variedades forrajeras de sorgo en el país, son los objetivos principales de los foros realizados este miércoles por el Centro Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria y Forestal “Enrique Álvarez Córdova” (CENTA) con apoyo del Instituto Internacional de Sorgo, Mijo y otros granos (INTSORMIL).

From The Dean And Director, Gary Pierzynski

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

This issue of the Ag Report has an international theme. It features our efforts to train the Kansas National Guard agribusiness development teams deploying to Afghanistan and some of our international activities in Africa.

Instalan Molino Para Producir Harina De Sorgo: Con Este Molino Se Prevé Procesar, Al Mes, Alrededor De 48 Quintales De Harina, Berta Nely Menjívar

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

Panificadores de la Asociación Cooperativa de Cuscatlán (ACPACUS de R. L.), aglutinados en la Mesa Nacional de Panificadores de El Salvador (MENAPAES), en compañía de autoridades del Centro Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria y Forestal Enrique Álvarez Córdova (CENTA) y del Instituto para la Investigación del Sorgo y Mijo (INTSORMIL), inauguraron la puesta en marcha del primer molino de martillo, con el cual estarán procesando harina de sorgo (maicillo) para utilizarla en la industria de la panificación.

La adquisición de este molino es uno de los primeros esfuerzos de la MENAPAES en la búsqueda de otras materias primas para la producción …

Report Of Nine Sorghum Flour Workshops, Report For Intsormil; Subject: “Utilization Of Cti Grinders For Small Scale Sorghum Flour Production In Central America”, Intsormil

INTSORMIL Scientific Publications

In Nicaragua, Sorghum grain has been a crops using only for animal feed. Fortunately Scientifics have been researched about its nutritional sorghum grain properties and some of the country that they have been interested to bring the technology about sorghum flour has been Nicaragua because its growths in 3 big areas; in the north, south and west region. Now, that is knew their characteristics and others, so INTA and INTSORMIL are diffusing the technology about sorghum flour to increase the production of sorghum grain, reduce the cost production of bread and some ethnics drinks, to improve the food security and …

Intsormil-Centa Generan Nuevas Variedades De Sorgo Para Grano Y Forraje Tipo “Bmr”, René Clará Valencia

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

Científicos del proyecto INTSORMIL-CENTA con base en el Centro Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria y Forestal (CENTA) de El Salvador, han trabajado cinco años para formar variedades de sorgo para grano y forraje de libre polinización que puedan ser mas nutritivas a los animales bovinos. En este sentido se ha incorporado el gen “bmr-12”, enviado por el Dr. Gebisa Ejeta de la Universidad de Purdue, U.S.A., a las variedades comerciales CENTA S-2, CENTA S-3, CENTA RCV y VG 146, al mismo tiempo se han formado nuevas variedades con este mismo gen. El la primera generación, se obtuvieron 76 nuevas …

Capacitan A Panificadores Para Utilizar Sorgo, Roxana Ortiz

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

Cerca de 300 pequeños empresarios del pan serán capacitados sobre elaboración de harina de sorgo, usos en preparación de alimentos y bebidas étnicas por el Centro Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria y Forestal (CENTA) Enrique Álvarez Córdova, a través del Laboratorio de Tecnología y Alimentos.

Intsormil Helps Improve Varieties Of Grains In Developing Countries, Lori Mcginnis

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

International efforts to aid food production in developing countries are based within the Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln.

The International Sorghum and Millet Collaborative Research Support Program (INTSORMIL CRSP) was established at UNL’s East Campus in 1979. Its goal is to improve the devel- opment of sorghum, millet, and other grains in Central America and Africa, said John Yohe, director since 1988.

Experiencia De Productoras Con El Uso De Harina De Sorgo: Por Años El Cultivo Del Sorgo Ha Sido Utilizado Para El Consumo Humano Y Animal, Roxana Ortiz, Eduardo Funes

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

En marzo del año pasado, la industria panifi cadora experimento los precios altos que sufrió la harina de trigo y en la búsqueda de nuevas alternativas algunos de ellos se interesaron en el uso de harina de sorgo para elaborar pan dulce y bebidas étnicas.

Es así que el Centro Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria y Forestal (CENTA) a través del Laboratorio de Alimentos impulsa esta tecnología. El interés de probar nuevas opciones llevo a muchas Panaderías, Asociaciones de Productoras, ONG, Industrias de Alimentos, Fundaciones y otras a capacitarse en el uso de esta harina.

Usan Sorgo Para Hacer Pan: El Centa Capacita A Panifi Cadores Para Usar Esa Materia Prima, Roxana Ortiz

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

En marzo del año pasado, la industria panifi cadora experimento los precios altos que sufrió la harina de trigo. En la búsqueda de nuevas alternativas, algunos productores se interesaron en el uso de harina de sorgo para elaborar pan dulce y bebidas étnicas.

Por esa razón, el Centro Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria y Forestal (CENTA), a través del laboratorio de alimentos, impulsa esta tecnología.

Promueven Ventajas Nutritivas Del Sorgo: La Harina De Este Cereal Es Utilizada Para Elaborar Diversos Productivos Alimenticios, Roxana Ortiz

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

Horchata, tiste, atoles saborizados, poleadas, pudín, harina de afrecho, pan francés y dulce son productos elaborados a base de sorgo o maicillo y son mezclados con otros ingredientes, técnica impulsada por especialistas del laboratorio de alimentos del Centro Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria y Forestal (CENTA).

El proceso consiste en usar la harina sola de sorgo (100%) y mezclarla con otros cereales, rostizando el grano para la elaboración de bebidas o molido en seco para el desarrollo de otros productos.

Promueven Sorgo O Maicillo Para Consumo Humano: El Grano De Sorgo Tiene Componentes Nutricionales Para Mejorar La Dieta Alimenticia, Así Lo Confirmó Una Técnica Del Laboratorio De Tecnología De Alimentos Del Centa, Roxana Ortiz, Eduardo Funes

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

Horchata, tiste, atoles saborizados, poleadas, pudin, harina de afrecho, pan francés y dulce son productos elaborados a base de sorgo o maicillo y son mezclados con otros ingredientes, técnica impulsada por especialistas del Laboratorio de Alimentos del Centro Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria y Forestal (CENTA).

La Técnica consiste en usar la harina sola de sorgo (100%) y mezclada con otros cereales, rostizando el grano para la elaboración de bebidas o molido en seco para el desarrollo de otros productos.

Intsormil Program Doubles Sorghum And Millet Yields In Mali, West Africa, Kimberly Christiansen

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

After the close of the meeting where the farmers learned about the potential of being a collaborator in the Production-Marketing Project in 2009, INTSORMIL PI John Sanders shows women sorghum farmers from Diankounte Camara village in western Mali photos of the lush sorghum plots taken in 2008 project sites in eastern Mali. After learning about the potential of the project all farmers expressed their enthusiasm to be collaborators in 2009. Their major concern was that only 75 farmers in the Diankounte Camara village could be involved due to funding limitations. As collaborators, the Diankounte Camara women expect to be able …

Usaid/Mali Awards $5 M Associate Cooperative Agreement To Intsormil For Food Insecurity Mitigation In Mali, West Africa, Kimberly Christiansen

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

Dr. John Yohe, Program Director of the “Sorghum, Millet and other Grains Collaborative Research Support Program” (INTSORMIL) announces receipt from the USAID Mission in Mali, West Africa, of a $5 million grant to expand the activities of the current project “Transfer of Sorghum, Millet Production, Processing and Marketing Technologies in Mali.” Subsistence and resource poor farmers in West Africa are dependent on sorghum and millet as they serve as basic human foods and livestock feed. There continues to be a shortage of sorghum and millet grain in Mali, especially in the north. Mali’s ‘Hungry Season’ has been described as “that …

University Of Nebraska Selected To Manage The New Sorghum/Millet And Other Grains Crsp, John Yohe, Kimberly Christiansen

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

Dr. John Yohe, INTSORMIL CRSP Program Director, has announced that the University of Nebraska (UNL) has been selected as the Management Entity for the new Sorghum/Millet and Other Grains CRSP. The award was based on national competition among U. S. universities. This CRSP is funded through a Leader with Associates Cooperative Agreement instrument as opposed to a grant under which INTSORMIL was funded since 1979. The INTSORMIL CRSP, Managed by UNL in partnership with Kansas State University, Purdue University, Texas A&M University, UNL and West Texas A&M University, ends June 30, 2007. The Leader with Associates Cooperative Agreement is effective …

Capacitan A Personas Intersadas Y Panaderos Sobre La Utilización De Harina De Sorgo: Más De 25 Personas Interesadas Entre Ellos Panaderos Son Capacitados Sobre El Uso De Harina De Sorgo, Roxana Ortiz, Eduardo Funes

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

El Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganadería (MAG) a través del Centro Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria y Forestal (CENTA), capacitan a un grupo de personas interesadas y panaderos sobre la utilización de harina de sorgo para la producción de pan y otros productos.

La ingeniera Margarita Alvarado, Coordinadora del Laboratorio de Tecnología de Alimentos del CENTA, expresó que se ha investigado el cultivo de sorgo a través del Programa de Granos Básicos, y también las bondades que el grano tiene para el uso de harina.

El Sorgo O Llamado Comúnmente “Maicillo” Es Cultivado En Todo El Territorio Nacional Y Utilizado Para El Consumo Humano Y Animal (El Sorgo Es Alternativa De Harina Para Pan), Roxana Ortiz

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

A fi n de buscar nuevas alternativas para la industria panifi cadora, el Centro Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria y Forestal (CENTA) del Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganadería (MAG) ve la posibilidad de industrializar el sorgo para convertirlo en harina y darle un valor agregado al cultivo.

Vilma Calderón de Zacatares, técnica del laboratorio de Tecnología de Alimentos del CENTA, manifestó que la institución realiza investigaciones donde afi rma que la harina de trigo puede ser sustituida por la de sorgo.

“Actualmente, el costo de la harina de trigo varía de $30 a $36 por quintal, precio muy alto en comparación …

Apuesta Por Sorgo Para Hacer Pan: Mezclar Harina De Trigo Con Sorgo Podría Reducir Hasta 50% Los Costos De Producción De Pan Francés Y Dulce, Pero El Proyecto Necesita Más Equipo, Lourdes Quintanilla

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

Los salpores y el pan francés esperan su turno frente al horno en la panadería de Iván Calderón. El empresario, que fabrica y distribuye pan en Antiguo Cuscatlán, ya probó una mezcla inusual para la masa: harina de sorgo (maicillo) combinada con harina de trigo.

Calderón probó el nuevo ingrediente hace año y medio, cuando el Centro Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria y Forestal (CENTA) llegó a dejarle una arroba de harina de sorgo. Usó un 10% de sorgo para el pan francés y otro 20% para el pan dulce. “No hay que ponerle más, porque si no el pan no …

Opportunities And Roadblocks In Utilizing Forages And Small Grains For Liquid Fuels, Gautam Sarath, Robert B. Mitchell, S. E. Sattler, Deanna L. Funnell, Jeffrey F. Pedersen, Robert A. Graybosch, Kenneth P. Vogel

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

This review focuses on the potential advantages and disadvantages of forages such as switchgrass (Panicum virgatum), and two small grains: sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), and wheat (Triticum aesitvum), as feedstocks for biofuels. It highlights the synergy provided by applying what is known from forage digestibility and wheat and sorghum starch properties studies to the biofuels sector. Opportunities therefore, exist to improve biofuel qualities in these crops via genetics and agronomics. In contrast to cereal crops, switchgrass still retains tremendous exploitable genetic diversity, and can be specifically improved to Wt a particular agronomic, management, and conversion …

K-State Agronomists Help West African Farmers Increase Sorghum And Pearl Millet Production, Katie Starzec

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

Grain sorghum is an important crop not only to farmers in Kansas, but to farmers in many countries in Africa.

Some of the production challenges are the same, but many challenges are different or more severe in West African countries, said Vara Prasad, assistant professor of agronomy at K-State. West African farmers battle against drought, soil infertility and parasitic weeds.

INTSORMIL Regional Project Sites in Africa

The purpose of INTSORMIL is to find ways to improve production practices in those countries. West African farmers face serious problems of a localized and volatile market, the agronomists said.

Effects Of Atmospheric Co2 Enrichment On Crop Nutrient Dynamics Under No-Till Conditions, Stephen A. Prior, G. Brett Runion, Hugo H. Rogers, H. Allen Torbert

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Increasing atmospheric CO₂ concentration could increase crop productivity and alter crop nutrient dynamics. This study was conducted (3 yrs) with two crops ([Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.]) grown under two CO₂ levels (ambient and twice ambient) using open top field chambers on a Blanton loamy sand under no-tillage. Macronutrient and micronutrient concentrations and contents were determined for grain, stover, and roots. Although elevated CO₂ tended to reduce nutrient concentrations, high CO₂ consistently increased nutrient content especially in grain tissue; this response pattern was more notable with macronutrients. The …

Feed Grains Backgrounder, Linwood Hoffman, Allen Baker, Linda Foreman, C. Edwin Young

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The U.S. feed grain sector, largest of the major U.S. field crops, faces unprecedented demand conditions. The size and speed of the expanding use of corn by the ethanol industry is raising widespread issues throughout the U.S. agricultural sector. Debate is ongoing over the use of grain for fuel instead of for food or feed and the adequacy of future grain supplies. Increased productivity (yield) and additional area from land planted to competing crops, land enrolled in conservation programs, or idled land is expected to provide an increased supply of feed grains. In 2003, U.S. feed grain farms had an …

Effects Of Graded Levels Of Sorghum Wet Distiller’S Grains And Degraded Intake Protein Supply On Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Feedlot Cattle Fed Steam-Flaked Corn-Based Diets, J. T. Vasconcelos, L. M. Shaw, K. A. Lemon, N. A. Cole, M. L. Galyean

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Two experiments evaluated different levels of sorghum wet distiller’s grains plus solubles (SWDG) and effects of increasing the degraded intake protein (DIP) concentration in diets containing SWDG on performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot cattle. In Exp. 1, 200 beef steers (average BW = 404 kg) were fed increasing levels of SWDG (0, 5, 10, and 15% of DM) and one level of corn wet distiller’s grains plus solubles (10% of DM), which replaced steamflaked corn in a high-concentrate diet. Final BW (P = 0.04) and overall ADG (P = 0.01) decreased linearly with increasing levels of SWDG. Increasing SWDG …

Chinch Bug (Hemiptera: Blissidae) Mouthpart Morphology, Probing Frequencies, And Locations On Resistant And Susceptible Germplasm, Wyatt G. Anderson, Tiffany Heng-Moss, Frederick P. Baxendale, Lisa M. Baird, Gautam Sarath, Leon G. Higley

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Chinch bugs are common pests of many agronomic and horticulturally important crops and turfgrasses. Previous research has indicated that some grasses exhibit resistance to multiple chinch bug species, whereas others are resistant to only one species. The objectives of this research were to document differences in the probing frequencies and locations among Blissus species as well as differences in mouthpart morphology as a first step in understanding the differential responses of grasses to chinch bug feeding. Scanning electron microscopy detected differences in the total lengths of proboscises as well as individual mouthpart segments among the four species studied. Blissus occiduus …

Characterization Of Waxy Grain Sorghum Lines In Relation To Granule-Bound Starch Synthase, J. F. Pedersen, S. R. Bean, R. A. Graybosch, S. H. Park, M. Tilley

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The waxy phenotype, associated with endosperm containing little or no amylose, has been recognized in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) since 1933. Although variants of the waxy gene are well characterized in other cereals, the waxy trait has been assumed to be controlled by a single allele, wx, in sorghum. Recent improvements in technologies encourage re-examination of the waxy sorghums. The objectives of this research were therefore to identify and characterize sorghum lines with differing waxy alleles and to describe the actions of those alleles in crosses. Grain of eight waxy sorghum lines (BTxARG1, BTx630, Tx2907, B.9307, 94C274, …

Above- And Below-Ground Responses Of C3-C4 Species Mixtures To Elevated Co2 And Soil Water Availability, Justin D. Derner, Hyrum B. Johnson, Bruce A. Kimball, Paul J. Pinter Jr., H. Wayne Polley, Charles R. Tischler, Thomas W. Boutton, Robert L. Lamorte, Gerald W. Wall, Neil R. Adam, Steven W. Leavitt, Michael J. Ottman, Allan D. Matthias, Talbot J. Brooks

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

We evaluated the influences of CO₂ and soil water on above- and below-ground responses of C₃ and C₄ plants in monocultures and two density mixtures.

Relationship Of Sorghum Kernel Size To Physiochemical, Milling, Pasting, And Cooking Properties, W. J. Lee, Jeffrey F. Pedersen, D. R. Shelton

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Effects of kernel size on grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] quality were studied in an experiment designed to separate effects of kernel size from seedlot. The study utilized three sieve fractions of varying kernel diameter (>3.35, >2.80 and >2.36 mm) from six seedlots. Chemical composition, physical characteristics, milling characteristics, pasting properties, and cooking qualities were determined for each kernel size fraction. Large kernels lost less relative mass during 1 min of decortication, were higher in protein concentration, and lower in ash. Milling yields were higher from large kernels, and flour from large kernels had higher water absorbance, …