Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Articles 1 - 9 of 9
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Glycogen Kinetics Of Wistar Rats: Different Exercise Intensities And Tissue Analyzed Influence, Carlos Dellavechia De Carvalho, Carlos Augusto Kalva-Filho, Alisson Luiz Da Rocha, Adelino Sanchez Ramos Da Silva, Marcelo Papoti
Glycogen Kinetics Of Wistar Rats: Different Exercise Intensities And Tissue Analyzed Influence, Carlos Dellavechia De Carvalho, Carlos Augusto Kalva-Filho, Alisson Luiz Da Rocha, Adelino Sanchez Ramos Da Silva, Marcelo Papoti
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 15(2): 289-299, 2022. The aim of this study is to verify the influence of the intensity on muscle and hepatic glycogen depletion and recovery kinetics of Wistar rats, submitted to three acute training sessions with equalized loads. 81 male Wistar rats performed an incremental test to determine maximal running speed (MRS) and divided into 4 groups: baseline group (Control; n = 9); low intensity training session (GZ1; n = 24; 48 minutes at 50% of MRS); moderate intensity group (GZ2; n = 24; 32 minutes at 75% of MRS) and high …
The Effects Of Fasting Or Ketogenic Diet On Endurance Exercise Performance And Metabolism In Female Mice, Lola Holcomb, Caitlin O'Neill, Elizabeth Dewitt, Stephen C. Kolwicz Jr.
The Effects Of Fasting Or Ketogenic Diet On Endurance Exercise Performance And Metabolism In Female Mice, Lola Holcomb, Caitlin O'Neill, Elizabeth Dewitt, Stephen C. Kolwicz Jr.
Health and Exercise Physiology Faculty Publications
The promotion of ketone body (KB) metabolism via ketosis has been suggested as a strategy to increase exercise performance. However, studies in humans and animals have yielded inconsistent results. The purpose of the current study was to examine the effects of ketosis, achieved via fasting or a short-term ketogenic diet (KD), on endurance exercise performance in female mice. After 8 h of fasting, serum KB significantly increased and serum glucose significantly decreased in fasted compared to fed mice. When subjected to an endurance exercise capacity (EEC) test on a motorized treadmill, both fed and fasted mice showed similar EEC performance. …
Rats Genetically Selected For High Aerobic Exercise Capacity Have Elevated Plasma Bilirubin By Upregulation Of Hepatic Biliverdin Reductase-A (Bvra) And Suppression Of Ugt1a1, Terry D. Hinds Jr., Justin F. Creeden, Darren M. Gordon, Adam C. Spegele, Steven L. Britton, Lauren G. Koch, David E. Stec
Rats Genetically Selected For High Aerobic Exercise Capacity Have Elevated Plasma Bilirubin By Upregulation Of Hepatic Biliverdin Reductase-A (Bvra) And Suppression Of Ugt1a1, Terry D. Hinds Jr., Justin F. Creeden, Darren M. Gordon, Adam C. Spegele, Steven L. Britton, Lauren G. Koch, David E. Stec
Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications
Exercise in humans and animals increases plasma bilirubin levels, but the mechanism by which this occurs is unknown. In the present study, we utilized rats genetically selected for high capacity running (HCR) and low capacity running (LCR) to determine pathways in the liver that aerobic exercise modifies to control plasma bilirubin. The HCR rats, compared to the LCR, exhibited significantly higher levels of plasma bilirubin and the hepatic enzyme that produces it, biliverdin reductase-A (BVRA). The HCR also had reduced expression of the glucuronyl hepatic enzyme UGT1A1, which lowers plasma bilirubin. Recently, bilirubin has been shown to activate the peroxisome …
Energy Stores And Life-History Transitions In Red-Sided Garter Snakes (Thamnophis Sirtalis Parietalis), Rachel Catharine Wilson
Energy Stores And Life-History Transitions In Red-Sided Garter Snakes (Thamnophis Sirtalis Parietalis), Rachel Catharine Wilson
Dissertations and Theses
All organisms must prioritize investment in either reproductive or self-maintenance activities. Despite this established paradigm, our understanding of how organisms choose to prioritize certain behaviors and physiologies over others remains limited. It is likely that an organism's energy status not only influences variation in reproductive effort, but also transitions to and from reproductive activities. My dissertation aims to investigate how energy metrics (body condition index, adipocyte follicle size, and liver glycogen) relate to reproduction and associated life-history stages in red-sided garter snakes (Thamnophis sirtalis parietalis). Chapter two examines if energy metrics differ with migratory status and sex in …
Cancer Cachexia: Metabolic Changes That Occur In Oxidative Capacity And Carbohydrate And Lipid Metabolism Of The Liver, Sarah Ramey
Health, Human Performance and Recreation Undergraduate Honors Theses
BACKGROUND: Cancer cachexia is defined as cancer-associated muscle wasting, and is a cancer side effect that dramatically affects cancer prognosis, is thought to be at least partially mediated by increased energy expenditure, and is directly responsible for the death of 20-40% of all cancer patients. Although the liver is known to be a predominant regulator of whole body metabolism, there is little known about its relationship to the development of cancer cachexia. PURPOSE: The purpose of this exploratory study was to investigate alterations in liver metabolism by examining measures of hepatic glycogen storage, oxidative phenotype and lipid content throughout the …
The Effect Of A Moderately-Low And High Carbohydrate Intake On Crossfit Performance, Kurt A. Escobar, Jacobo Morales, Trisha A. Vandusseldorp
The Effect Of A Moderately-Low And High Carbohydrate Intake On Crossfit Performance, Kurt A. Escobar, Jacobo Morales, Trisha A. Vandusseldorp
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 9(4): 460-470, 2016. CrossFit is a metabolically demanding strength and conditioning method which performance may benefit from a carbohydrate (CHO)-rich diet. This study investigated the effect of three consecutive days of high CHO intake on CrossFit performance and corresponding metabolically -related variables in strength trained individuals. Eighteen subjects with a CHO intake of <6 g/kg/day were randomly assigned into a CHO (n = 9) or control (C) group (n =9) and underwent a 9-day training protocol. During days 1, 5, and 9, performance was measured as repetitions completed during a 12 minute CrossFit workout. Oxygen consumption (VO2), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), and blood lactate (BL) were also measured. Days 6-8, the CHO group increased CHO intake from <6 g/kg/day to 6-8 g/kg/day; the C group maintained their current intake of <6 g/kg/day. On days 6 and 7 both groups performed CrossFit workouts followed by a day of rest prior to day 9. There was a significant increase in repetitions completed in both groups in day 9 (vs. means score of day 1 + 5) (p = 0.002), but no differences between C and CHO groups (p = 0.111). However, the CHO group displayed a 15.2 repetition increase (+10.9%) in day 9, compared to 5.7 (+4.2%) by the C group. VO2, RER, and BL were not influenced by the experimental intervention. Our results suggest that the CrossFit-embraced practice of moderately-low CHO diets may be adequate in CHO during short periods of training, however, given the noted trend, extended training periods may be effected.
Long-Term Treatment With Insulin And Retinoic Acid Increased Glucose Usage In L6 Muscle Cells Via Glycogenesis, Matthew Ray Goff
Long-Term Treatment With Insulin And Retinoic Acid Increased Glucose Usage In L6 Muscle Cells Via Glycogenesis, Matthew Ray Goff
Doctoral Dissertations
Skeletal muscle glucose metabolism can affect whole body glucose homeostasis significantly. Vitamin A (VA) plays a role in a number of physiological functions including glucose metabolism. However, its role in skeletal muscle glucose metabolism has not been well established. Insulin controls glucose metabolism in the skeletal muscle via the regulations of glucose uptake, glycogenesis, and glycolysis. We hypothesize that insulin and VA signaling pathways may converge to regulate glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle. Here, the effects of retinoic acid (RA) alone and in combination with insulin on glucose utilization in rat L6 muscle cells were studied. L6 cells were treated …
Comparison Of The Effects Of Different Anesthetics On Serum Haemolysis And Glycogenolysis In Rats, Eduarda F. A. Machado, Ana Carolina R. Normand, Lázaro A. S. Nunes, Denise V. Macedo
Comparison Of The Effects Of Different Anesthetics On Serum Haemolysis And Glycogenolysis In Rats, Eduarda F. A. Machado, Ana Carolina R. Normand, Lázaro A. S. Nunes, Denise V. Macedo
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
The anesthetics can differently affect the structure and biological function of tissues and systems. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of three injectable anesthetics generally used in experiments with animals on the degree of haemolysis and glycogenolysis after deep anesthesia. 20 Wistar male rats (330-440g) were used. The animals were divided into three groups: Cloral Hydrate (CH), Ketamine + Xylazine (KX), Zoletil 50® (zolazepam and tiletamina) + Xylazine (ZTX). After deep anesthesia the total blood was collected. Immediately the liver, the white and red gastrocnemius muscles were also withdrawn. The degree of serum haemolysis was quantified …
The Effects Of Excess Corticosterone On Lkb1 And Ampk Signaling In Skeletal Muscle Of Rats, Gary N. Nakken
The Effects Of Excess Corticosterone On Lkb1 And Ampk Signaling In Skeletal Muscle Of Rats, Gary N. Nakken
Theses and Dissertations
Cushing's syndrome and glucocorticoid therapy lead to central obesity, insulin resistance, and symptoms of altered energy regulation similar to those observed in the metabolic syndrome. We hypothesized that excess glucocorticoids alter energy sensing/signaling in skeletal muscle through mediation of the LKB1/AMPK signaling pathway. To test this hypothesis, three 100 mg pellets of corticosterone were implanted subcutaneously in each of nine rats for two weeks. Responses were compared with sham operated controls fed ad libitum or food restricted to produce the body weights similar to the treatment group rats. After the treatment period, animals were anesthetized and the right gastrocnemius-plantaris and …