Life Sciences Commons^™

Phenotypically Heterogeneous Podoplanin-Expressing Cell Populations Are Associated With The Lymphatic Vessel Growth And Fibrogenic Responses In The Acutely And Chronically Infarcted Myocardium, M Cimini, A Cannata, G Pasquinelli, Marcello Rota, P Goichberg

NYMC Faculty Publications

Cardiac lymphatic vasculature undergoes substantial expansion in response to myocardial infarction (MI). However, there is limited information on the cellular mechanisms mediating post-MI lymphangiogenesis and accompanying fibrosis in the infarcted adult heart. Using a mouse model of permanent coronary artery ligation, we examined spatiotemporal changes in the expression of lymphendothelial and mesenchymal markers in the acutely and chronically infarcted myocardium. We found that at the time of wound granulation, a three-fold increase in the frequency of podoplanin-labeled cells occurred in the infarcted hearts compared to non-operated and sham-operated counterparts. Podoplanin immunoreactivity detected LYVE-1-positive lymphatic vessels, as well as masses of …

Susceptibility Of Apoptotic Cells To Hydrolysis By Spla2: Molecular Basis And Mechanisms Defined, Elizabeth Gibbons

Theses and Dissertations

Secretory phospholipase A2 hydrolyzes phospholipids at a lipid-water interface, resulting in pro-inflammatory products being released from cell membranes. Healthy cells are resistant to cleavage by this enzyme, but apoptotic cells become susceptible to its activity. Only bilayers with certain characteristics are able to be hydrolyzed. Most recently, studies in this lab have emphasized the idea that the biophysical state of the bilayer (in terms of lipid order, spacing, and fluidity) is relevant in determining the probability of one phospholipid escaping the membrane to be hydrolyzed. Prior to this study, it had been shown that apoptotic cells undergo biophysical alterations that …

Pubspectra - Open Data Access Fluorescence Spectra, George Mcnamara

George McNamara

The Internet is enabling greater access to spectral imaging publications, spectral graphs, and data than that was available a generation ago. The spectral imaging systems discussed in this issue of Cytometry work because reagent and hardware spectra are reproducible, reusable, and provide input to spectral unmixing and spectral components recognition algorithms. These spectra need to be readily available in order to determine what to purchase, how to use it, and what the output means. We refer to several commercially sponsored and academic spectral web sites and discuss our spectral graphing and data sites. Sites include fluorescent dye graph servers from …

Longitudinal, Diet-Induced Weight Gain Is Associated With Increased Blood Monocytes And Reduced Tlr4 Expression, Kelley Strohacker, Richard J. Simpson, Katie C. Carpenter, Whitney L. Breslin, Brian K. Mcfarlin

International Journal of Exercise Science

Excessive weight gain increases systemic inflammation resulting in increased disease risk. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) reportedly mediates increases in inflammation; however, its role has not been fully evaluated. Objective. The purpose of this study was to determine the longitudinal effect of diet-induced weight gain on blood monocyte concentration and cell-surface TLR4 expression. Research Methods & Procedures. Male CD-1 mice were randomly assigned to high-fat (HF, n = 12) or low-fat (LF, n = 13) groups. Non-lethal, saphenous vein blood samples were collected at 0, 4, 8 and 12 weeks of treatment. Three-color flow cytometry was used to measure monocyte (CD11b+/CD14+) …

A Rapid, Flow Cytometry-Based Assay For The Determination Of Natural Killer Cell Activity In Isolated Periphery Blood Mononuclear Cells, Emily C.P. Lavoy, Brian K. Mcfarlin

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Natural killer cell activity (NKCA) is an important assessment of innate immunity in humans. Natural killer (NK) cells are known to be affected by exercise; therefore it is of interest to have an efficient method for measuring NKCA in pre- and post-exercise blood samples. Assays for NKCA include incubating human NK cells (effector cells) with stained target cells. The target cells are typically from the human leukemia cell line K562. The number of K562 target cells killed can be determined using a dead cell dye. Control target cells incubated alone provide a measure of spontaneous cell death. PURPOSE: The purpose …

Aerobic Exercise Training May Not Offset The Pro-Inflammatory Effects Of A High Fat Feeding, Katie C. Carpenter, Lisa Esposito, Kelley A. Strohacker, Richard J. Simpson, Brian K. Mcfarlin

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Aerobic Exercise Training May Not Offset the Pro-inflammatory Effects of a High Fat Feeding. Katie C. Carpenter, Lisa Esposito, Kelley A. Strohacker, Richard J. Simpson, Brian K. McFarlin. University of Houston, Houston, TX

Increased adiposity is associated with an increase in systemic inflammation, which is involved in the pathophysiology of various disease states. A current hypothesis in our laboratory suggests that the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) pathway may link physical activity and systemic inflammation. PURPOSE: The primary purpose was to determine if 6-weeks of aerobic exercise training (5 days per week, 1 hour per day. 21-22m/min) would limit the increase …

Mechanisms By Which Apoptotic Membranes Become Susceptible To Secretory Phospholipase A2, Rachel Williams Bailey

Theses and Dissertations

During apoptosis, changes occur in T-lymphocyte membranes that render them susceptible to hydrolysis by secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2). To study the relevant mechanisms, a simplified model of apoptosis using a calcium ionophore was first applied. Kinetic and flow cytometry experiments provided key observations regarding ionophore treatment: initial hydrolysis rate was elevated, total reaction product was increased four-fold, and adsorption of the enzyme to the membrane surface was unaltered. Analysis of these results suggested that susceptibility during calcium-induced apoptosis is limited by substrate availability rather than enzyme adsorption. Fluorescence experiments identified three membrane alterations that might affect substrate access to the …