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Other Animal Sciences

2004

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Articles 1 - 30 of 73

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Size Matters: A Test Of Boldness In Eight Populations Of The Poeciliid Brachyraphis Episcopi, Culum Brown, Victoria Braithwaite Dec 2004

Size Matters: A Test Of Boldness In Eight Populations Of The Poeciliid Brachyraphis Episcopi, Culum Brown, Victoria Braithwaite

Sentience Collection

Individual variation in behaviour within populations may be explained in part by demographics and long-term, stable individual psychological differences. We examined the relation between boldness (taken as the time to emerge from a shelter and explore a novel environment) and body size in eight populations of the poeciliid Brachyraphis episcopi originating from sites upstream and downstream of waterfalls in four rivers that run into the Panama Canal. The relation between body size and time to emerge from a shelter was positive, with larger fish taking longer to emerge. This relation differed between downstream and upstream sites, being significant in the …

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Origin And Evolution Of Large Brains In Toothed Whales, Lori Marino, Daniel W. Mcshea, Mark D. Uhen Dec 2004

Origin And Evolution Of Large Brains In Toothed Whales, Lori Marino, Daniel W. Mcshea, Mark D. Uhen

Veterinary Science and Medicine Collection

Toothed whales (order Cetacea: suborder Odontoceti) are highly encephalized, possessing brains that are significantly larger than expected for their body sizes. In particular, the odontocete superfamily Delphinoidea (dolphins, porpoises, belugas, and narwhals) comprises numerous species with encephalization levels second only to modern humans and greater than all other mammals. Odontocetes have also demonstrated behavioral faculties previously only ascribed to humans and, to some extent, other great apes. How did the large brains of odontocetes evolve? To begin to investigate this question, we quantified and averaged estimates of brain and body size for 36 fossil cetacean species using computed tomography and …

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Evolution Of Nociception In Vertebrates: Comparative Analysis Of Lower Vertebrates, Lynne U. Sneddon Oct 2004

Evolution Of Nociception In Vertebrates: Comparative Analysis Of Lower Vertebrates, Lynne U. Sneddon

Veterinary Science and Medicine Collection

Nociception is an important sensory system of major fundamental and clinical relevance. The nociceptive system of higher vertebrates is well studied with a wealth of information about nociceptor properties, involvement of the central nervous system and the in vivo responses to a noxious experience are already characterised. However, relatively little is known about nociception in lower vertebrates and this review brings together a variety of studies to understand how this information can inform the evolution of nociception in vertebrates. It has been demonstrated that teleost fish possess nociceptors innervated by the trigeminal nerve and that these are physiologically similar to …

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Ua66/5 Newsletter, Wku Agriculture Oct 2004

Ua66/5 Newsletter, Wku Agriculture

WKU Archives Records

Newsletter created by WKU Agriculture Department re: faculty/staff, students/alumni, student organizations and clubs and donors.

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Alfred Russel Wallace: A Capsule Biography, Charles H. Smith Jun 2004

Alfred Russel Wallace: A Capsule Biography, Charles H. Smith

DLPS Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Aspects Of The Ecology Of A Distinct Population Of Xenosaurus Platyceps From Querétaro, México, Julio A. Lemos-Espinal, Geoffrey R. Smith, Royce E. Ballinger May 2004

Aspects Of The Ecology Of A Distinct Population Of Xenosaurus Platyceps From Querétaro, México, Julio A. Lemos-Espinal, Geoffrey R. Smith, Royce E. Ballinger

Papers in Herpetology

Lizards in the genus Xenosaurus (Xenosauridae) show a flattened morphology, which is presumably an adaptation for their crevice-dwelling habits. Despite their general morphological similarities (Ballinger et al., 2000a), there is considerable variation among species and populations in ecological traits, and even populations of nominally the same species (e.g., X. grandis grandis and X. g. agrenon; Ballinger et al., 1995; Lemos-Espinal et al., 2003a) show variation, sometimes as much as between different species.

Populations of Xenosaurus are often geographically isolated (e.g., Pérez Ramos et al., 2000; Nieto Montes de Oca, 2001), and movement appears to be minimal (Lemos-Espinal et al., …

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Reflections On Animal Selves, Marc Bekoff, Paul W. Sherman Apr 2004

Reflections On Animal Selves, Marc Bekoff, Paul W. Sherman

Sentience Collection

Is self-cognizance a uniquely human attribute, or do other animals also have a sense of self? Although there is considerable interest in this question, answers remain elusive. Progress has been stymied by misunderstandings in terminology, a focus on a narrow range of species, and controversies over key concepts, experimental paradigms and interpretations of data. Here, we propose a new conceptual and terminological framework, emphasizing that degrees of self-cognizance differ among animals because of the cognitive demands that their species-specific social structures and life-history characteristics have placed upon them over evolutionary time. We suggest that the self-cognizance of an organism falls …

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Differences In Response To Hypoxia In The Three-Spined Stickleback From Lotic And Lentic Localities: Dominance And An Anaerobic Metabolite, L. U. Sneddon, J. Yerbury Mar 2004

Differences In Response To Hypoxia In The Three-Spined Stickleback From Lotic And Lentic Localities: Dominance And An Anaerobic Metabolite, L. U. Sneddon, J. Yerbury

Aquaculture Collection

Dominance hierarchies of the three-spined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus from river and pond populations were subjected to hypoxia (20%, range±1%). Under hypoxia, the hierarchies were less stable in terms of rank position and tissue L-lactate was higher in river fish than pond fish under normoxia and hypoxia. Dominant fish gained mass under normoxia but lost mass under hypoxic conditions possibly due to them maintaining high levels of aggression.

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Market Lamb Docking- The Better Way, Unknown Unknown Jan 2004

Market Lamb Docking- The Better Way, Unknown Unknown

All Archived Publications

Tail removal or docking of lambs by the commercial sheep industry is a standard management practice. When properly docked, the tail or dock will be long enough that when lifting the tail to defecate, the caudal folds on the under side of the tail are raised.

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Pastoral Resources And Their Management In The Pilbara Region Of Western Australia, A M E Van Vreeswyk, Alan Payne, K A. Leighton Jan 2004

Pastoral Resources And Their Management In The Pilbara Region Of Western Australia, A M E Van Vreeswyk, Alan Payne, K A. Leighton

Agriculture reports

This report is a product of the rangeland survey of the Pilbara area of Western Australia which was conducted jointly by the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Land Administration ... in 1995-1999. This report is primarily intended to be used to assist pastoralists in station management and to assist others involved with the pastoral industry. The survey area includes all of the De Grey, East Pilbara and Roebourne/Port Hedland Land Conservation Districts, part of the Ashburton Land Conservation District.

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The Optimal True-Ileal-Digestible Lysine And Total Sulfur Amino Acid Requirement For Nursery Pigs Between 20 And 50 Lb (2004), J D. Schneider, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2004

The Optimal True-Ileal-Digestible Lysine And Total Sulfur Amino Acid Requirement For Nursery Pigs Between 20 And 50 Lb (2004), J D. Schneider, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

An experiment was conducted with 360 pigs (PIC, avg BW = 22.7 lb) to determine the appropriate true-ileal-digestible (TID) lysine and total sulfur amino acid (TSAA) requirement of nursery pigs, and consequently to determine the optimal TSAA-to-lysine ratio. This trial was organized as a combination of two simultaneous experiments, with one set of diets consisting of five treatments with increasing TID lysine (0.9, 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, and 1.3%) and the second set of diets consisting of five treatments with increasing TID TSAA (0.56, 0.62, 0.68, 0.74, and 0.81%). The highest concentrations of both lysine and TSAA (1.3% and 0.81%, respectively) …

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Using Regumate To Control Estrus In Swine (2004), Duane L. Davis Jan 2004

Using Regumate To Control Estrus In Swine (2004), Duane L. Davis

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Altrenogest, marketed for use in horses as Regumate, is a synthetic progestin that is marketed for use in pigs as MATRIX. It effectively regulates the occurrence of estrus in randomly cycling gilts if it is provided for 14 or more days at a daily dose of 15 mg/day. It is important to assure that each gilt receives her full dose; otherwise problems of cystic follicles and reduced fertility may be observed.; Swine Day, 2004, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 2004

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The Optimal True-Ileal-Digestible Lysine And Total Sulfur Amino Acid Requirement For Finishing Pigs Fed Paylean® (2004), N Z. Frantz, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2004

The Optimal True-Ileal-Digestible Lysine And Total Sulfur Amino Acid Requirement For Finishing Pigs Fed Paylean® (2004), N Z. Frantz, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 1887 pigs (PIC 337 × C22; 213 lb initial BW) were used in a 28-d growth assay to simultaneously examine both the true-ileal-digestible (TID) lysine and TID total sulfur amino acid (TSAA) requirements. The objective was to determine the appropriate TID TSAA-to-lysine ratio in finishing pigs fed Paylean® (4.5 g/ton) to maximize growth performance and carcass composition. Four TID lysine (0.66. 0.79, 0.92, and 1.05%) and four TID TSAA (0.47, 0.52, 0.57, and 0.63%) concentrations were evaluated. The highest lysine and TSAA concentrations were combined in the same diet, and there were eleven or twelve replicate pens …

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The Optimal True-Ileal-Digestible Lysine And Threonine Requirements For Growing-Finishing Pigs From 80 To 130 And 170 To 230 Pounds (2004), N Z. Frantz, J L. Usry, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2004

The Optimal True-Ileal-Digestible Lysine And Threonine Requirements For Growing-Finishing Pigs From 80 To 130 And 170 To 230 Pounds (2004), N Z. Frantz, J L. Usry, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 4388 pigs (PIC 337 × C22; Exp. 1: 1070 gilts, initially 79 lb BW; Exp. 2: 3318 pigs, initially 170 lb BW) were used in 28-d growth assays to examine both the true-ileal-digestible (TID) lysine and threonine requirements, and then determine the appropriate TID threonine-to-lysine ratio in growing-finishing pigs from 80 to 130 lb and 170 to 230 lb. In Exp. 1, four TID lysine (0.71. 0.81, 0.91, and 1.01%) and five TID threonine (0.50, 0.56, 0.62, 0.68 and 0.74%) concentrations were evaluated. In Exp. 2, four TID lysine (0.56, 0.64, 0.72, and 0.80%), and five TID …

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Interactive Effects Between Pantothenic Acid And Ractopamine Hcl (Paylean®) On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Growing-Finishing Pigs (2004), C N. Groesbeck, B W. James, T P. Keegan, K R. Lawrence, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2004

Interactive Effects Between Pantothenic Acid And Ractopamine Hcl (Paylean®) On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Growing-Finishing Pigs (2004), C N. Groesbeck, B W. James, T P. Keegan, K R. Lawrence, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the interactive effects between added pantothenic acid and ractopamine HCl (Paylean®) on growth performance and carcass traits of growing-finishing pigs. In Exp. 1, 156 pigs (PIC, initial BW = 56.7 ± 5.8 lb) were used in a 2 × 3 factorial with ractopamine HCl (RAC; 0 or 10 ppm) and added pantothenic acid (PA; 0, 22.5, or 45 ppm). Pigs were fed the assigned PA concentrations from 56.7 to 268.1 lb (d 0 to 98), and were fed RAC for the last 28 d before slaughter. Increasing added PA had no effect (P<0.05) on ADG, ADFI, or feed efficiency (F/G) from d 0 to d 70. A PA × gender interaction (P<0.05) was observed for ADG and F/G from d 71 to 98. Increasing PA increased ADG and F/G in gilts, but not in barrows. Added RAC for the last 28 d before slaughter increased (P<0.001) ADG and F/G for d 71 to 98 and d 0 to 98. Increasing the amount of added PA had no effect (P<0.05) on carcass traits. Adding RAC increased (P<0.001) longissimus muscle area and percentage lean. In Exp. 2, the effects of added PA on N balance of finishing pigs fed RAC were evaluated. A total of 156 barrows (PIC, initial weight = 131.6 lb) were fed added PA (0, 22.5, or 45.0 ppm) for a minimum of eight weeks. A total of 44 pigs were randomly selected from the 156 initial pigs and were moved into individual stainlesssteel metabolism creates. Pigs remained on their respective PA treatments, with or without RAC (10 ppm), for 8 d, were moved out of the collection chambers, and were fed the same diets from d 8 to 28. There were no PA × RAC interactions (P<0.05) observed. Added PA had no effect (P<0.05) on N excretion, N retention, or biological value (BV). Fecal N excretion was greater (P<0.01) for pigs fed RAC, compared with that of the pigs not fed RAC, but urinary N decreased (P<0.01) for the pigs fed RAC, resulting in no difference in total excreted N. Adding RAC increased (P<0.04) BV. No PA (P<0.05) response was observed for ADG or F/G, and RAC increased (P<0.001) ADG and F/G from d 0 to 28.; Swine Day, 2004, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 2004

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Influence Of Chromium Source On Plasma Non-Esterified Fatty Acid Concentrations In Growing-Finishing Pigs (2004), C N. Groesbeck, K R. Lawrence, F Valdez, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2004

Influence Of Chromium Source On Plasma Non-Esterified Fatty Acid Concentrations In Growing-Finishing Pigs (2004), C N. Groesbeck, K R. Lawrence, F Valdez, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 150 pigs (PIC, initial body weight 178.9 ± 14.7 lb) were used in a 35-d study to evaluate the effect of chromium propionate and chromium tripicolinate on plasma non-esterifed fatty acids (NEFA) in growing-finishing pigs. Our objective was to determine if differences between sources and rate of source being fed can be detected in fasted growing-finishing pigs by measuring plasma NEFA. Pigs were randomly allotted to one of the five dietary treatments arranged as a 2 × 2 factorial plus negative control (no chromium). Main effects were source of chromium (chromium propionate and chromium tripicolinate) and chromium …

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Growth Performance Of Nursery Pigs Fed Biosaf Yeast Alone Or In Combination With In-Feed Antimicrobial (2004), B M. Hildabrand, C R. Neill, T E. Burkey, B J. Johnson, J Ernest Minton, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2004

Growth Performance Of Nursery Pigs Fed Biosaf Yeast Alone Or In Combination With In-Feed Antimicrobial (2004), B M. Hildabrand, C R. Neill, T E. Burkey, B J. Johnson, J Ernest Minton, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 210 pigs were used in a 28-d growth study to evaluate the effects of feeding the combination antibiotic neomycin and oxytetracycline (Neo-Terra), different rates of BIOSAF yeast (0.15% or 0.3%), and the combination of Neo-Terra and BIOSAF in nursery diets. Overall, pigs fed the diet containing both Neo-Terra and 0.15% BIOSAF had greater ADG and ADFI than did pigs fed the control diet and pigs fed either concentration of BIOSAF alone (P<0.05). Furthermore, over the entire trial, pigs fed the diet containing both Neo-Terra and BIOSAF also tended to have greater ADG and ADFI than did pigs fed only Neo-Terra (P = 0.15). Pigs fed Neo-Terra had greater ADG and ADFI than did pigs fed the control diet and the diet containing 0.15% BIOSAF, but both ADG and ADFI were similar between pigs fed Neo-Terra and pigs fed 0.3% BIOSAF. Whereas BIOSAF fed alone did not significantly improve growth performance over that of control pigs, pigs fed the diet combining both Neo-Terra and 0.15% BIOSAF had a 16% improvement in ADG, compared with that of pigs fed the control diet, and had a trend for an improvement in ADG, compared with that of pigs fed the diet containing Neo-Terra without added yeast. Thus, in nursery settings where Neo-Terra will be added, addition of 0.15% BIOSAF to diets could enhance growth performance. The overall growth performance of pigs fed 0.3% BIOSAF yeast was intermediate to that of pigs fed the control diet and pigs fed the diet containing Neo-Terra. Additional research will be required to determine definitively if a rate at, or close to, 0.3% BIOSAF can be added to nursery diets to approach growth performance observed with Neo-Terra.; Swine Day, 2004, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 2004

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Evaluation Of Topical Antioxidants And Packaging Materials To Decrease The Incidence Of Bone Discoloration In Pork Retail Cuts (2004), C R. Raines, Michael E. Dikeman Jan 2004

Evaluation Of Topical Antioxidants And Packaging Materials To Decrease The Incidence Of Bone Discoloration In Pork Retail Cuts (2004), C R. Raines, Michael E. Dikeman

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Color characteristics were evaluated on 48 pork backbones. After 6 d postmortem, six 1- inch-thick sections of lumbar vertebrae were cut from each backbone. Lumbar vertebrae were treated with different concentrations of ascorbic acid, with combination treatments of ascorbic acid and natural antioxidants, or left untreated. Bones were packaged in one of three systems: high-oxygen modifiedatmosphere packaging (MAP), ultra-lowoxygen MAP, or polyvinyl chloride (PVC) overwrap trays. Bones were visually evaluated by a trained panel on d 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 8. Lightness (L*) was also measured on d 0, 2, and 8 of display. After 8 d …

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Evaluation Of The Optimal True-Ileal-Digestible Lysine And Threonine Requirement For Nursery Pigs (2004), N A. Lenehan, J L. Usry, C W. Hastad, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2004

Evaluation Of The Optimal True-Ileal-Digestible Lysine And Threonine Requirement For Nursery Pigs (2004), N A. Lenehan, J L. Usry, C W. Hastad, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 1800 pigs (Exp 1, 360; Exp. 2, 1440) were used in two experiments to evaluate the true ileal digestible (TID) lysine and threonine requirement for 24- to 44-lb pigs. In Exp. 1, there were eight pens per treatment, with five pigs (Genetiporc, initially 23.6 lb and 34 d of age) per pen. Experiment 1 was conducted as a combination of two separate trials to simultaneously examine both the TID lysine and threonine requirement, and hence, determine the appropriate threonine-to-lysine ratio. The first part of the trial consisted of five treatments formulated to contain 0.9, 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, …

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Evaluating Oregano Oil As A Growth Enhancer In Nursery Pig Diets (2004), C R. Neill, C N. Groesbeck, K R. Lawrence, C W. Hastad, R O. Gottlob, B M. Hildabrand, Jim L. Nelssen, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2004

Evaluating Oregano Oil As A Growth Enhancer In Nursery Pig Diets (2004), C R. Neill, C N. Groesbeck, K R. Lawrence, C W. Hastad, R O. Gottlob, B M. Hildabrand, Jim L. Nelssen, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 224 nursery pigs (PIC L 327L × C22) initially 12.9 ± 3.0 lb and 21 d of age were used in a 28-d feeding trial. The objective of our study was to evaluate the effects of oregano oil, with or without an in-feed antimicrobial. Oregano oil is a plant extract derived from the Greek herb, Origanum vulgare. It has been speculated to have antimicrobial-like activity. There were four dietary treatments in a 2 × 2 factorial. Diets consisted of a negative control (without an antibiotic or oregano oil), the control diet plus neomycin/oxytetracycline (140 g/ton), the control …

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Effects On Overall Performance Of Feeding Commercially Grown Pigs Less Or More Than Their Lysine Requirement In Early And Late Finishing (2004), R G. Main, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2004

Effects On Overall Performance Of Feeding Commercially Grown Pigs Less Or More Than Their Lysine Requirement In Early And Late Finishing (2004), R G. Main, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 1154 gilts (PIC L337 × C22, initially 72.3 ± 1.7 lb) were used to determine effects on subsequent growth performance of feeding less than or at the estimated lysine requirement for optimal growth and feed efficiency in early finishing (70 to170 lb). From d 0 to 27 and d 27 to 55, pigs were fed a diet containing 2.75 and 2.25 g lysine/Mcal ME, respectively, which was less than their estimated requirement. Pigs fed at their estimated requirements were provided diets containing 3.30 and 2.75 g lysine/Mcal ME from d 0 to 27 and 27 to 55, …

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Effects Of Ratio Of Total Sulfur Amino Acid To Lysine On Finishing-Pig Growth Performance (2004), K R. Lawrence, C N. Goesbeck, C R. Neill, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2004

Effects Of Ratio Of Total Sulfur Amino Acid To Lysine On Finishing-Pig Growth Performance (2004), K R. Lawrence, C N. Goesbeck, C R. Neill, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The objective of this study was to characterize the growth response to total sulfur amino acids (TSAA) and lysine simultaneously to estimate the true-ileal-digestible (TID) TSAA-to-lysine ratio in early finishing pigs. One hundred and twenty-six pigs were used in a 27-d growth study. Pigs (73 to 134 lb) were blocked by sex and weight and were allotted to one of nine dietary treatments with five TID lysine (0.79, 0.87, 0.94, 1.02 and 1.10%) and five TID TSAA (0.53, 0.57, 0.61, 0.66 and 0.70%) concentrations. The highest lysine (1.10%) and TSAA (0.70%) concentrations were combined to form one treatment used in …

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Effects Of Increasing Pantothenic Acid On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finish Pigs Reared In A Commercial Environment (2004), C N. Groesbeck, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2004

Effects Of Increasing Pantothenic Acid On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finish Pigs Reared In A Commercial Environment (2004), C N. Groesbeck, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 1080 pigs (PIC), initially 89.0 ± 5.1 lb were used to determine the effects of increasing pantothenic acid on growth performance and carcass characteristics of growfinish pigs. Pigs were blocked by weight and gender, and were randomly allotted to treatment. Pigs were fed, in meal form, the experimental corn-soybean meal, added-fat diets in four phases. Dietary treatments consisted of a control diet (no added pantothenic acid), or the control diet with 22.5, 45.0, or 90.0 ppm added pantothenic acid from d-calcium pantothenate. Dietary treatments were fed from d 0 to 98 (89.0 to 272.5 lb). The first …

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Effects Of Increasing Dried Distiller’S Grains On Feed Intake (2004), C W. Hastad, N Z. Frantz, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2004

Effects Of Increasing Dried Distiller’S Grains On Feed Intake (2004), C W. Hastad, N Z. Frantz, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Recent studies have shown that dried distiller's grains with solubles (DDGS) has an ME value similar to that of corn, but pigs fed diets with DDGS have a lesser feed intake than do those fed corn. We conducted three studies to evaluate the effects of DDGS on palatability and feed intake of growing pigs. In Exp. 1, 90 gilts (initially 58.2 lb) were used to evaluate the effects of a diet based on cornsoybean meal, alone or with 30% DDGS from two different sources, on feed preference. Source 1 DDGS was obtained from an ethanol plant built before 1990 and …

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The Effects Of Different Feed-Grade Antibiotics On Growth Performance Of Weanling Pigs In A Research Environment (2004), R O. Gottlob, C W. Hastad, C N. Groesbeck, K R. Lawrence, Joel M. Derouchey, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2004

The Effects Of Different Feed-Grade Antibiotics On Growth Performance Of Weanling Pigs In A Research Environment (2004), R O. Gottlob, C W. Hastad, C N. Groesbeck, K R. Lawrence, Joel M. Derouchey, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 168 weanling pigs (initially 13.8 lb and 21 ± 3 d of age, PIC) were used to determine the effects of different feed-grade antibiotics on nursery-pig performance. Pigs were fed one of four experimental diets: control with no antibiotics; or the control diet with added Denagard/CTC (35 g/ton Denagardâ„¢, 400 g/ton Chlortetracycline); Neo-Terramycin® (140 g/ton Neomycin Sulfate, 140 g/ton Oxytetracycline HCl); or Mecadox® (Carbadox, 50 g/ton). Overall (d 0 to 28 after weaning), pigs fed diets containing Denagard/ CTC or Neo-Terramycin® had greater ADG and ADFI (P<0.05) than did pigs fed all other diets, and had improved F/G (P<0.05), compared with that of pigs fed the control diet. Also, pigs fed diets containing Mecadox® had improved ADG and F/G (P<0.05) compared with those of pigs fed the control diet. The addition of feed-grade antibiotics in swine diets resulted in improved growth performance, and pigs fed Denagard/CTC or Neo-Terramycin® had the greatest improvement in growth performance.; Swine Day, 2004, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 2004

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The Effect Of A Probiotic, Ke-01, And Neoterramycin On Nursery Pig Growth Performance (2004), N Z. Frantz, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2004

The Effect Of A Probiotic, Ke-01, And Neoterramycin On Nursery Pig Growth Performance (2004), N Z. Frantz, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A 35-d growth study with a total of 168 weanling pigs (21 ± 2 d of age) was conducted to determine the effects of feeding a probiotic, (KE-01) and an antibiotic, Neoterramycin (neomycin 140 g/ton, oxytetracycline 140 g/ton), on nursery pig performance. Experimental treatments were arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial with main effects of antibiotic (none or neomycin 140g/ton and oxytetracycline 140g/ton) or probiotic (none or KE-01, 0.35%). KE-01 is a probiotic containing a novel strain of lactobacillus casei. A KE-01 by Neoterramycin interaction was observed for ADFI (P<0.05) from d 14 to 35, but no other interactions were detected. From d 0 to 14, pigs fed diets containing Neoterramycin had improved (P<0.01) ADG, ADFI, and F/G compared with those of pigs fed diets without Neoterramycin. Pigs fed diets containing KE- 01 had similar growth performance to that of pigs fed diets without KE-01. From d 14 to 35, pigs fed diets containing Neoterramycin had increased ADG compared with that of pigs fed diets without Neoterramycin. The ADG of pigs fed diets containing KE-01 did not differ from that of pigs fed diets without KE-01. There was a tendency for pigs fed KE- 01 to consume less feed, whereas pigs fed Neoterramycin ate more (KE-01 × Neoterramycin interaction, P<0.05). Pigs fed diets containing KE-01 tended to have improved F/G (P<0.07), compared with that of pigs fed diets without KE-01. Overall, d 0 to 35, pigs fed diets containing Neoterramycin had increased ADG and ADFI (P<0.01), compared with those of pigs fed diets without Neoterramycin. In addition, pigs fed diets containing KE-01 had similar ADG and ADFI to those of pigs fed diets without KE-01. Pigs fed diets containing KE-01 had improved F/G (P<0.03), compared with that of pigs fed diets without KE-01. In summary, the probiotic, KE-01, did not significantly increase ADG or ADFI, but did improve F/G because it slightly lowered feed intakes. Neoterramycin improved ADG, ADFI, and F/G, compared with those of diets without Neoterramycin in this study.; Swine Day, 2004, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 2004

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Determining The Optimal Lysine To Calorie Ratio For Growth Performance Of 20- To 50-Lb Genetiporc Nursery Pigs (2004), J D. Schneider, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2004

Determining The Optimal Lysine To Calorie Ratio For Growth Performance Of 20- To 50-Lb Genetiporc Nursery Pigs (2004), J D. Schneider, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of increasing dietary lysine and energy density on nursery-pig performance. Exp. 1 was organized as a combination of two simultaneous experiments, with one set of diets consisting of five treatments with increasing TID lysine (0.99, 1.07, 1.14, 1.22, and 1.30%) concentrations, and the second set of diets consisting of five treatments with increasing energy density (1342, 1406, 1471, 1535, and 1600 kcal/lb). The highest l of both lysine and energy density (1.30% and 1600 kcal/lb, respectively) were combined as one diet and used in both the lysine and energy-density titrations to give …

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Effect Of Castration Time On Feedlot Performance, Carcass Characteristics, And Beef Tenderness (2004), J.W. Homm, T.T. Marston, J.R. Brethour, John A. Unruh Jan 2004

Effect Of Castration Time On Feedlot Performance, Carcass Characteristics, And Beef Tenderness (2004), J.W. Homm, T.T. Marston, J.R. Brethour, John A. Unruh

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Crossbred Angus calves (n=120) were randomly assigned to early-castrated, early-castrated plus implant, and late-castrated treatment groups. After weaning, calves were placed on feed at the Western Kansas Agricultural Research Southeast Agricultural Research Center Station in Hays, Kansas, for finishing. On-feed weights and final weights were similar among treatments. During the first 132 days on feed, the steers castrated early and implanted had a lower average daily gain than early- and late-castration treatments. Early castrates tended (P=0.08) to have a lower feed-to-gain ratio for the first 132 days on feed. Hot carcass weight, internal fat, and marbling scores were not affected …

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Relationship Of Total Iron Content In Beef To Flavor Attributes (2004), J.P. Grobbel, Michael E. Dikeman, George A. Milliken, E.J. Yancey Jan 2004

Relationship Of Total Iron Content In Beef To Flavor Attributes (2004), J.P. Grobbel, Michael E. Dikeman, George A. Milliken, E.J. Yancey

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The objective of our study was to evaluate the relationships among total iron content, myoglobin/total iron ratio, hemoglobin/total iron ratio, and flavor attributes in beef top sirloin, shoulder clod, and tenderloin muscles. Top sirloin (n=74), shoulder clod (n=68), and tenderloin (n=73) muscles from A or B maturity carcasses that were either USDA Slight or USDA Small marbling and of either normal pH (<5.7) or high pH (>6.0) were vacuum packaged, aged 35 days at 35ºF, and stored at -4ºF until analysis. A well trained, flavorprofile sensory panel determined flavor attributes on charbroiled steaks. Flavor attributes included beef flavor identification, bloody/serumy, brown roasted, livery, …

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Update On Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy, Larry C. Hollis Jan 2004

Update On Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy, Larry C. Hollis

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy, commonly called "mad cow disease" by members of the media, found its way into the United States and was diagnosed in December, 2003, in a Holstein dairy cow of Canadian origin. A significant disruption to the beef cattle industry immediately followed the announcement of this finding; within a matter of weeks, however, a degree of normalcy began to return to the industry. When consumers and cattle producers alike learned of the extensive firewall system that had been put in place years earlier by the USDA and the FDA to reduce the likelihood of entry of this disease …

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