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Kansas State University Libraries

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

1993

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Articles 31 - 60 of 95

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Influence Of Method Of Processing Supplemental Alfalfa On Intake And Utilization Of Dormant, Bluestem-Range Forage By Beef Steers, B.A. Lintzenich, R.C. Cochran, E.S. Vanzant, J.L. Beaty, Robert T. Brandt Jr., Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja, G. St. Jean Jan 1993

Influence Of Method Of Processing Supplemental Alfalfa On Intake And Utilization Of Dormant, Bluestem-Range Forage By Beef Steers, B.A. Lintzenich, R.C. Cochran, E.S. Vanzant, J.L. Beaty, Robert T. Brandt Jr., Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja, G. St. Jean

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A digestion trial was conducted to determine the effect of method of processing supplemental alfalfa on the intake and utilization of dormant, bluestem-range forage. Supplement treatments were 1) control: no supplement; 2) ground and pelleted, suncured alfalfa; 3) ground and pelleted dehydrated alfalfa; and 4) longstem alfalfa hay. Bluestem forage intake (% BW), diet digestibility, and ruminal dry matter fill 4 hours after feeding were increased (P<.10) when supplemental alfalfa was fed, compared with no supplementation. Little difference was evident among different forms of supplemental alfalfa for most of the forage utilization characteristics measured. However, a weak trend (P=.18) was observed for increased intake of bluestem forage by the steers supplemented with dehydrated alfalfa pellets compared with suncured alfalfa pellets.

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Effect Of Density Of Steam Flaked Milo On Animal Performance, Mill Production Rate, And Subacute Acidosis, Robert T. Brandt Jr., A.S. Freeman, T.P. Eck, Christopher D. Reinhardt, Keith C. Behnke Jan 1993

Effect Of Density Of Steam Flaked Milo On Animal Performance, Mill Production Rate, And Subacute Acidosis, Robert T. Brandt Jr., A.S. Freeman, T.P. Eck, Christopher D. Reinhardt, Keith C. Behnke

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

In Trial 1, 336 yearling steers (755 lb) were fed diets containing milo flaked to 22 (L), 25 (M), or 28 (H) lb/bu. The steers fed L consumed 3.2% less dry matter than cattle fed H (P<.05) and had 6.9% lower gains (P<.05). Feed efficiency tended (P=.15) to favor cattle fed H. The H milo was flaked 27% faster than M and 67% faster than L (P<.0001), resulting in lower production cost for the heavy flakes. In Trial 2, six ruminally cannulated steers were fed the same diets used in Trial 1 in a replicated 3x3 Latin square. After adaptation to the respective diets, the cattle were fasted and then overfed to simulate a drastic intake fluctuation. The L diet was fermented more rapidly than the H diet, resulting in greater ruminal pH depression (P<.10) following overconsumption. Under the conditions of this experiment, flaking milo more intensively than 28 lb/bu (58.7% starch gelatinization) resulted in decreased consumption, lower mill efficiency, and increased propensity for acidosis in finishing steers.

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Growth And Reproductive Characteristics In Heifers Fed Endophyte-Infected Tall Fescue And Oxytetracycline, C.W. Peters, F.K. Brazle, L.R. Corah Jan 1993

Growth And Reproductive Characteristics In Heifers Fed Endophyte-Infected Tall Fescue And Oxytetracycline, C.W. Peters, F.K. Brazle, L.R. Corah

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Heifers developed on high-endophyte, tall fescue gained half as much weight (56 vs 117 lb; P<.01) and had a lower 35-day pregnancy rate (15 vs 58%; P<.01) compared to heifers fed low endophyte, tall fescue. Based on progesterone serum concentrations and visual determination of estrus, the proportion of heifers that had attained puberty by the start of the breeding season tended (P=.11) to be greater when fed oxytetracycline (55 vs 68%).

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Endophyte-Infected, Tall Fescue Hay Utilization By Exercised, Yearling Horses, J.S. Pendergraft, M.J. Arns, R.H. Raub, K.K. Bolsen, F.K. Brazle Jan 1993

Endophyte-Infected, Tall Fescue Hay Utilization By Exercised, Yearling Horses, J.S. Pendergraft, M.J. Arns, R.H. Raub, K.K. Bolsen, F.K. Brazle

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Fescue toxicity causes substantial production losses in sheep, cattle, and horses. These losses are attributed to an endophyte, Acremonium coenophialum. However, our results indicate that Quarter horse yearlings can be fed endophyte-infected tall fescue hay for at least 106 days with no detrimental effects on either growth or exercise performance. However, these findings have not been substantiated in other classes of horses or in horses consuming endophyte-infected fescue for longer durations.

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Effect Of Physical Form And Level Of Alfalfa In Corn-Based Diets On Performance Of Finishing Steers, B.J. Healy, Robert T. Brandt Jr., S.M. Gramlich Jan 1993

Effect Of Physical Form And Level Of Alfalfa In Corn-Based Diets On Performance Of Finishing Steers, B.J. Healy, Robert T. Brandt Jr., S.M. Gramlich

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred forty-four crossbred steers (850 lb) were used to evaluate the effects of physical form and level of average (15% CP) quality alfalfa on performance and carcass traits. Alfalfa hay had been harvested from a common field and alternate bales were either chopped (3 to 4 in. length) or ground and pelleted (3/8 in. pellet). No interactions between alfalfa form and level were detected. Daily gain, daily intake, feed efficiency, and carcass traits were similar for steers fed both alfalfa forms. Steers fed 10% alfalfa consumed 7.2% more feed (P<.03) than those fed 5%. Steers fed 5% alfalfa had marginally improved feed efficiencies, whereas those fed 10% had somewhat greater daily gains. Carcass traits were not affected by level of alfalfa. The incidence and severity of liver abscesses were greater (P<.05) for steers fed 5% alfalfa, indicative of a higher degree of acidosis than for steers fed 10% alfalfa.

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Pasture And Subsequent Feedlot Performance By Beef Cattle Grazing Acremonium Coenophialum-Infected Tall Fescue And Offered Different Levels Of Ground Grain Sorghum, A.S. Freeman, K.P. Coffey Jan 1993

Pasture And Subsequent Feedlot Performance By Beef Cattle Grazing Acremonium Coenophialum-Infected Tall Fescue And Offered Different Levels Of Ground Grain Sorghum, A.S. Freeman, K.P. Coffey

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred twenty-six crossbred steers and sixty-three crossbred heifers (704 lb BW) were used to evaluate the effects of energy supplementation on animal performance during grazing of endophyte-infected tall fescue and on subsequent feedlot performance. Grazing ADG increased linearly (P.10) by SG that had been fed on pasture.

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Utilization Of Dried Bakery Product By Finishing Beef Steers, C.T. Milton, Robert T. Brandt Jr. Jan 1993

Utilization Of Dried Bakery Product By Finishing Beef Steers, C.T. Milton, Robert T. Brandt Jr.

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred forty-four medium-framed crossbred steers averaging 857 lb were used to evaluate steer performance and determine net energy (NE) values of finishing diets that included dried bakery product (DBP). DBP replaced corn in the control diet at 15 or 30% of dietary DM. DM intake was depressed 6.5% by inclusion of 30% DBP. No differences in daily gain (P>.3) or feed efficiency (P>.9) were observed by replacing corn with DBP. Dietary values of NEm and NEg, calculated from animal performance, were not affected (P>.7) by the inclusion of DBP. Kidney, pelvic, and heart fat (KPH) (P<.05) and 12th rib fat thickness (P<.1) were increased linearly with inclusion of DBP, whereas other carcass characteristics were unaffected. These data indicate the DBP (10% rice hulls included) has an energy value similar to that of corn grain, although the optimal inclusion level of DBP appears to be below 30% of dietary DM.

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Effect On Summer Stocker Gains When Native Grass Pastures Were Either Grazed Short During The Dormant Season Or Burned In April, F.K. Brazle Jan 1993

Effect On Summer Stocker Gains When Native Grass Pastures Were Either Grazed Short During The Dormant Season Or Burned In April, F.K. Brazle

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Four hundred and ten mixed-breed heifers were intensively early grazed for 81 days on native tall grass pastures where dormant growth had been removed by either winter grazing or April burning. Heifers grazing the burned pastures gained .19 lb/day more (1.99 vs 1.80 lb; P<.05) than those grazing pastures that had the dormant grass removed by heavy grazing during February and March.

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Relationship Between Expected Progeny Differences (Epd) And Performance Of Angus And Simmental Bulls In Central Bull Tests, D.D. Simms Jan 1993

Relationship Between Expected Progeny Differences (Epd) And Performance Of Angus And Simmental Bulls In Central Bull Tests, D.D. Simms

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The performance of bulls (n = 656 for Angus and n = 1343 for Simmental) at the Beloit and Potwin bulls tests from 1989 to 1992 were compared to their expected progeny differences (EPDs). In general, correlations between on-test ADG and weaning and yearling EPD were low for both breeds. However, the correlations between actual yearling weight and yearling EPD was moderate for Angus. Differences in actual yearling weight were 2.80 and 1.71 pounds (for Angus and Simmental, respectively) for each pound of difference in yearling weight EPD, which is close to the 2.0 pound difference expected. Thus, although the …

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Effect Of Diet Energy Content And Level Of Restriction On Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, And Puberty In Replacement Beef Heifers, Robert T. Brandt Jr., Ronald V. Pope, Jeffrey S. Stevenson Jan 1993

Effect Of Diet Energy Content And Level Of Restriction On Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, And Puberty In Replacement Beef Heifers, Robert T. Brandt Jr., Ronald V. Pope, Jeffrey S. Stevenson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Eighty Angus x Hereford crossbred weanling heifers (548 lb) were used in a 2x2 factorial experiment to evaluate dietary energy concentration (NEg .51 vs .61 Mcal/lb) and intake restriction (to produce 1.25 and 2.0 lb/d gain). Intake of the diets (corn - corn silage based; 14% CP) was adjusted every 2 weeks. Steer counterparts to the heifers were used in a 2x3 factorially arranged digestion experiment using the same treatments with an additional ad libitum intake level. There were no interactions between energy content and level of restriction. Heifers fed the higher energy diet maintained equal daily gain on 9.7% …

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Ultrasound-Measured Ribeye Area Epd For Brangus Cattle, R.R. Schalles, J.B. Glaze, R. Mallen-Spinzi, K.M. Andries, C.J. Rost, M.Z. Johnson, W. Olson, Michael E. Dikeman Jan 1993

Ultrasound-Measured Ribeye Area Epd For Brangus Cattle, R.R. Schalles, J.B. Glaze, R. Mallen-Spinzi, K.M. Andries, C.J. Rost, M.Z. Johnson, W. Olson, Michael E. Dikeman

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Ultrasound-measured ribeye area (REA) expected progeny differences (EPD) were calculated for 2974 Brangus cattle. Carcass data were collected from 168 steer progeny sired by eight bulls with ultrasound-measured ribeye area EPDs. A heritability estimate of .40 for ultrasound-measured REA and a 2.82 sq. in. range in genetic differences in ultrasound- measured REAs in this population indicate considerable opportunity to make genetic change in this trait. The regression of progeny average carcass REA on the sire's ultrasound measured ribeye area EPD indicated that for each square inch change in the EPD, the carcass REA of their progeny changed by .69 sq. …

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Effect Of Supplemental Fat And Thermal Stress On Nitrogen And Energy Metabolism Of Finishing Heifers, Robert T. Brandt Jr., J.E. Williams, Timothy J. Jones Jan 1993

Effect Of Supplemental Fat And Thermal Stress On Nitrogen And Energy Metabolism Of Finishing Heifers, Robert T. Brandt Jr., J.E. Williams, Timothy J. Jones

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Twelve British and British crossed heifers fed whole shelled corn finishing diets were used in a 2 x 2 factorially arranged experiment to study the main effects of and interactions between feeding supplemental tallow (0 vs 4%) and thermal heat stress (55°F vs 90°F). Heifers were maintained in temperature- and humidity-controlled environmental rooms. Neither supplemental fat or thermal stress affected dry matter intake or total tract digestibility of organic matter, starch, NDF, or ADF. However, heat stress elevated water consumption (P<.01) and rectal temperature (P<.01). When fed at equal intakes, heifers consuming tallow-supplemented diets retained more (P<.05) nitrogen, and tallowsupplemented diets had a higher (P=.08) ME value than non-tallow diets; these effects were not observed when heifers were fed ad libitum. Adding tallow to diets of finishing cattle may help maintain performance under circumstances where feed intake is restricted.

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Factors Influencing The Price Paid For Bulls At Central Test Stations In Kansas From 1988-1992, D.D. Simms, J.R. Schwenke Jan 1993

Factors Influencing The Price Paid For Bulls At Central Test Stations In Kansas From 1988-1992, D.D. Simms, J.R. Schwenke

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Results of 13 sales of Angus (n=185) and Simmental (n=544) bulls at central bull tests in Kansas from 1988 through 1992 were analyzed to determine the relationship between performance and the price received. The Kansas bull test index (based 50% on weight per- day-of-age and 50% on test ADG) was the most significant single factor determining price in both Angus and Simmental bulls. Birth weight, final weight, and frame score were other major contributors to price in Angus bulls, whereas weaning weight ratio, birth weight, and being polled were important in Simmental bulls. Expected progeny differences made small but significant …

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The Relationships Of Color To Performance And Carcass Traits In Cattle, K.M. Andries, R.R. Schalles, D.E. Franke, Michael E. Dikeman Jan 1993

The Relationships Of Color To Performance And Carcass Traits In Cattle, K.M. Andries, R.R. Schalles, D.E. Franke, Michael E. Dikeman

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The effects of primary color (black, red, or white) on performance and carcass characteristics of 253 cross-bred calves were evaluated. The only effect of color was that white calves had lighter birth weights than red calves, which was probably the result of the maternal influence of the Brahman breed. White calves also had a lower carcass yield grade than red calves. No other effects of color on performance or carcass traits were found. It can be concluded that knowledge of breed and expected progeny differences (EPD) of the sire within the breed are more accurate methods of predicting the future …

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Factors Affecting Pregnancy Rates And Calving Difficulty In Commercial Beef Heifers, S.D. Utter, P.L. Houghton, L.R. Corah, M.F. Spire, James J. Higgins, M.D. Butine Jan 1993

Factors Affecting Pregnancy Rates And Calving Difficulty In Commercial Beef Heifers, S.D. Utter, P.L. Houghton, L.R. Corah, M.F. Spire, James J. Higgins, M.D. Butine

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Data from yearling Angus and Angus crossbred beef heifers from a commercial ranch were used to identify factors affecting pregnancy rates (n=342) and calving difficulty (n=295). Production data analyzed included prebreeding weight, average daily gain during the breeding season, and postbreeding weight; evaluations of hip height, frame score, weight:height ratio, and reproductive tract score were made at approximately 1 yr of age. Pregnancy rates were affected significantly by weight:height ratio, prebreeding weight, and reproductive tract score. However, based on correlation coefficients, the magnitude of influence of these traits on first-service conception and overall pregnancy rates was low. Calving difficulty in …

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How Does Cow-Calf Association Inhibit The Onset Of Estrous Cycles After Calving?, J. Ernest Minton, E.L. Knoppel, R.E. Stewart, S.D. Viker, G.H. Kiracofe, Jeffrey S. Stevenson Jan 1993

How Does Cow-Calf Association Inhibit The Onset Of Estrous Cycles After Calving?, J. Ernest Minton, E.L. Knoppel, R.E. Stewart, S.D. Viker, G.H. Kiracofe, Jeffrey S. Stevenson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The "suckling response" maintains anestrus in beef cows for about 40 to 60 days postpartum. The suckling response remains intact in mastectomized cows, so stimulation of the inguinal area, and not milk flow or teat stimulation, must be part of the response. Cow-calf recognition is part of the suckling response because suckling by cross-fostered calves after nose-to-nose contact followed by suckling of an alien calf does not prevent cycling. We believe the suckling response involves a cow recognizing her own calf, followed by the calf stimulating her inguinal area. It may be possible to initiate estrus by simply blocking the …

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Protein Supplementation Of Ammoniated Wheat Straw: Effect On Intake And Digestion In Beef Steers, G.D. Fike, D.D. Simms, R.C. Cochran, Robert T. Brandt Jr., E.S. Vanzant, Gerry L. Kuhl Jan 1993

Protein Supplementation Of Ammoniated Wheat Straw: Effect On Intake And Digestion In Beef Steers, G.D. Fike, D.D. Simms, R.C. Cochran, Robert T. Brandt Jr., E.S. Vanzant, Gerry L. Kuhl

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Sixteen ruminally fistulated steers (avg wt. = 998 lb) were used in a 30-day conventional digestion trial to examine the effects of protein supplementation on intake and digestion of ammoniated wheat straw. Steers were assigned to one of four protein supplementation programs: 1) Control (C) - no supplement, 2) Low Protein (LP) - 4.5 lb of a 10% crude protein (CP) supplement, 3) Medium Protein (MP) - 4.5 lb of a 20% CP supplement, or 4) High Protein (HP) - 4.5 of a lb 30% CP supplement. Supplements were mixtures of milo and soybean meal. Supplementation increased (P<.05) dry matter intake, tended (P=.09) to increase intake of digestible neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and increased (P<.05) intake of forage dry matter. Dry matter digestibility was higher (P<.05) for HP steers than C and LP steers, but no difference was detected between MP, and HP steers. Steers on HP, MP, and C treatments exhibited higher NDF digestibility than LP steers. Rumen pH, total volatile fatty acid concentration, and acetate to propionate ratio were unaffected by supplementation.

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Protein Supplementation Of Ammoniated Wheat Straw: Effect On Performance Of Beef Cows, G.D. Fike, D.D. Simms, Robert T. Brandt Jr., R.C. Cochran, E.S. Vanzant, Gerry L. Kuhl Jan 1993

Protein Supplementation Of Ammoniated Wheat Straw: Effect On Performance Of Beef Cows, G.D. Fike, D.D. Simms, Robert T. Brandt Jr., R.C. Cochran, E.S. Vanzant, Gerry L. Kuhl

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Mature, crossbred beef cows (n = 87 in 1990-91, n = 84 in 1991-1992) were used to determine the effects of protein supplementation to cows fed ammoniated wheat straw during late gestation. Treatments included: 1) Control (C) - no supplement, 2) Low Protein (LP) - 4.5 lb of a 10% crude protein (CP) supplement, 3) Medium Protein (MP) - 4.5 lb of a 20% CP supplement, and 4) High Protein (HP) - 4.5 lb of a 30% CP supplement. Supplementation increased weight gain over controls (P<.01). HP cows gained more (P=.05) weight than LP-supplemented cows and tended (P=.11) to gain more weight than MP-supplemented cows. Supplementation also increased body condition score (BCS, 1-9 scale) over control cows (P<.01), but no difference was noted among supplemented groups. From the end of the feeding period until weaning, cows previously supplemented lost more weight (P<.01) than controls and exhibited little change in BCS, whereas controls increased BCS by .5 during the same period. Calving dates, calf birth weights, calf weaning weights, calf average daily gain, percent of cows cycling prior to breeding, and percent of cows pregnant did not differ between treatments. Consequently, although additional protein increased weight gain prior to parturition, this response did not impact economically important traits.

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Gastrointestinal Thiaminase Vs. Ration Changes, H.W. Soita, B.E. Brent Jan 1993

Gastrointestinal Thiaminase Vs. Ration Changes, H.W. Soita, B.E. Brent

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

High levels of the thiamin-destroying enzyme, thiaminase I, were found in the feces of 3 of 50 apparently healthy dairy cows. All high fecal thiaminase I levels returned to normal within 3 weeks, indicating that thiaminase I occurs in "spikes" rather than continuing at elevated levels. All cows sampled had some thiaminase I, but the upper end of the "normal" range in feces was about 3.5 μmol/min/l. Thiaminase I levels were higher in the first than in subsequent lactations. When spikes in thiaminase I activity occurred, they were concentrated within about 20 days of calving and of the associated change …

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Factors Affecting Cattle Finishing Profitability, J.R. Mintert, Ted C. Schroeder, Michael R. Langemeier, M.L. Albright Jan 1993

Factors Affecting Cattle Finishing Profitability, J.R. Mintert, Ted C. Schroeder, Michael R. Langemeier, M.L. Albright

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The relative contributions of fluctuating cattle performance; interest rates; and feeder cattle, fed cattle, and feed grain prices to profit variability of cattle feeding were examined in this study. Closeout data from 6696 pens of steers placed on feed between January 1980 and May 1991 at two western Kansas custom feedyards were used to estimate the relative impacts of prices and animal performance on cattle feeding profits. Combined, fed and feeder cattle prices explained 70 to 80% of profit variability, depending on placement weight. Overall, cattle prices and feeding costs explained at least 85% of the variation in profitability. Animal …

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Factors Affecting Cost Of Gain Of Feedlot Steers, M. Albright, Ted C. Schroeder, Michael R. Langemeier Jan 1993

Factors Affecting Cost Of Gain Of Feedlot Steers, M. Albright, Ted C. Schroeder, Michael R. Langemeier

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

This study examined the relative effects of corn price and cattle performance factors on steer finishing cost of gain. Seasonal analysis of cost of gain and the factors affecting it was also conducted. Using over 10 years of closeout data from two western Kansas feedyards, corn prices, feed conversion, and daily gain explained 93 to 94% of the variation in steer finishing cost of gain. About 60% of the variability was explained by corn price alone. Cost of gain and feed conversion rates were seasonally below average for steers placed in February through August. Daily gain was seasonally high for …

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Factors That Influence Number Of Bids On Finished Cattle, Ted C. Schroeder, J. Mintert, R. Jones Jan 1993

Factors That Influence Number Of Bids On Finished Cattle, Ted C. Schroeder, J. Mintert, R. Jones

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Previous research indicates that the number of bids received on pens of fed cattle has a positive influence on price. This study was undertaken to determine what factors influence the number of bids received on pens of cattle. The number of bids for fed cattle was investigated in 13 southwestern Kansas feedyards during May through November, 1990. Results indicated that cattle of desired weight, with higher estimated carcass yield and quality grade, in larger pen sizes, and sold in the middle of the week received the most bids. In addition, feedyard asking price relative to packer price offers also influenced …

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Results Of A Production Analysis Survey Of Cow Herds In Kansas, D. Simms, Michael R. Langemeier, S. Utter, G. Fike, C. Bandyk Jan 1993

Results Of A Production Analysis Survey Of Cow Herds In Kansas, D. Simms, Michael R. Langemeier, S. Utter, G. Fike, C. Bandyk

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A survey of production levels and management practices of 205 cow herds representing over 26,000 cows in Kansas was conducted in 1991. These operations were located throughout Kansas except for the Northwest corner. Emphasis was placed on determining levels of production and reproductive parameters. Breeders emphasized calf crop. For example, the average calf crop was 91.6%, with 4.3% open females and 4.4% calf death loss. Cumulative calving percentages by 21-day calving periods were 32, 55, and 68%. Average weaning weights were 550 lb. for steers and 515 lb for heifers. Additionally, information was collected on breeding, nutrition, health, and general …

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Implant Comparisons In Feedlot Steers And Heifers, T.P. Eck, L.R. Corah Jan 1993

Implant Comparisons In Feedlot Steers And Heifers, T.P. Eck, L.R. Corah

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Feedlot performance of steers implanted with Compudose®, Implus-S®, or Synovex-S® was very similar. No statistical differences were detected among treatments. However, implanted steers gained an average of 4% faster than nonimplanted controls. Carcass quality was virtually unaffected by treatment. Implanting feedlot heifers with Synovex- H®, Implus-H®, or Implus-H® plus Finaplix- H® increased daily gain compared to non-implanted heifers. Implanting improved gain and feed efficiency by 13 and 7.1%, respectively, compared to controls. Differences in carcass characteristics probably were due to the increased weight gain associated with implants. Percentage of carcasses grading Choice was not impacted by treatment.

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Antimicrobial Resistance Among Important Bovine Pathogens Isolated At The Ksu Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory Over Two And A Half Years, D.P. Rogers, M.W. Vorhies, M. M. Chengappa Jan 1993

Antimicrobial Resistance Among Important Bovine Pathogens Isolated At The Ksu Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory Over Two And A Half Years, D.P. Rogers, M.W. Vorhies, M. M. Chengappa

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A retrospective study was conducted to determine the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among six important bacterial pathogens of bovine origin. The study extended from June 1990 through December 1992 and included a review of the microbiology records of bovine submissions to the KSU Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory. Antimicrobial susceptibility results for Pasteurella haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, Actinomyces pyogenes, Hemophilus somnus, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella spp. are summarized. Pathogens were recovered primarily from cases of pneumonia and/or diarrhea. Each isolate was tested for susceptibility to 14 different antimicrobial agents. A high prevalence of resistance (>70%) was noticed for respiratory pathogens to sulfachloropyridazine. …

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Inflammatory Response Of Feedlot Cattle To Clostridial Vaccination: A Comparison Of 7-Way Bacterin-Toxoid And C&D Toxoid, Gerald L. Stokka, Robert T. Brandt Jr., A.J. Edwards, M.F. Spire, J.E. Smith Jan 1993

Inflammatory Response Of Feedlot Cattle To Clostridial Vaccination: A Comparison Of 7-Way Bacterin-Toxoid And C&D Toxoid, Gerald L. Stokka, Robert T. Brandt Jr., A.J. Edwards, M.F. Spire, J.E. Smith

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Twenty-four finishing steers (758 lb) were subcutaneously vaccinated and revaccinated 31 days later with 1) sterile saline, 2) a clostridial perfringens C&D toxoid, or 3) a 7-way clostridial bacterin-toxoid to evaluate the effects of vaccine type on inflammatory response in feedlot cattle. Injection site reactions were most severe (P<.05) and persistent for 7-way bacterin-toxoid and were accompanied by elevated (P<.05) blood haptoglobin levels indicative of acute inflammation. Revaccination with 7-way bacterin-toxoid reduced (P<.05) feed consumption for a 4-day period postvaccination. Although some reactions were severe, they appeared transient because blood parameters and volume of injection site reactions returned to baseline levels 25 to 60 days after injection. Performance over the entire feeding period was not significantly altered by treatment. We strongly recommend that clostridial products be used subcutaneously only, to minimize potential damage to carcass tissue from intramuscular injection.

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Effect Of Zinpro 100® In A Mineral Mixture On Gain And Incidence Of Footrot In Steers Grazing Native Grass Pastures, F.K. Brazle Jan 1993

Effect Of Zinpro 100® In A Mineral Mixture On Gain And Incidence Of Footrot In Steers Grazing Native Grass Pastures, F.K. Brazle

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

In a 3-year study, crossbred steers averaging 585 lb were allotted to groups given either a control or zinc methionine-supplemented mineral mixture while grazing burned native pastures in early summer. The steers were monitored for weight gain and incidence of footrot. The addition of 100 lb Zinpro 100® (50% zinc methionine) per ton of free-choice mineral mixture improved (P<.06) steer daily gain .08 lb. and reduced the incidence of footrot 55% (5.38 vs. 2.45%; P<.06). The gain benefit could not be attributed entirely to reduced footrot, but appeared to also have a nutritional basis.

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Comparison Of Synovex-S® And Two Levels Of Revalor-S® In Heavy-Weight Holstein Steers, Gerry L. Kuhl, D.D. Simms, Dale A. Blasi, Curtis L. Kastner Jan 1993

Comparison Of Synovex-S® And Two Levels Of Revalor-S® In Heavy-Weight Holstein Steers, Gerry L. Kuhl, D.D. Simms, Dale A. Blasi, Curtis L. Kastner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

In two field trials, 434 Holstein steers averaging 849 lbs were assigned randomly to three single implant treatments: 1) Synovex- S®, 2) Revalor®-S 120 (120 mg trenbolone acetate (TBA) + 24 mg estradiol), and 3) Revalor®-S 140 (140 mg TBA + 28 mg estradiol). Revalor-implanted steers gained .05 to .10 lb per day faster, but this improvement was not statistically significant (P>.05). Both Revalor-implanted groups produced trimmer carcasses with less (P<.05) backfat than Synovex steers. All other carcass characteristics and beef sensory properties, including taste panel evaluations of tenderness, juiciness, and flavor, were not influenced by implant used.

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Sequential Implant Strategies With Synovex-S® And Trenbolone Acetate-Containing Implants In Calf-Fed Holstein Steers, D.D. Simms, Gerry L. Kuhl Jan 1993

Sequential Implant Strategies With Synovex-S® And Trenbolone Acetate-Containing Implants In Calf-Fed Holstein Steers, D.D. Simms, Gerry L. Kuhl

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

In a commercial feedyard trial, 242 Holstein steer calves averaging 378 lb were used to compare effects of six alternative implant programs, consisting of sequential use of Synovex-S® or a combination of estradiol and trenbolone acetate (Revalor-S® or Finaplix- S® plus Synovex-S®), on feedlot performance and carcass characteristics. The calves were implanted three times at 78- to 90-day intervals while on feed an average of 252 days. The combination implant increased (P<.05) gain by .13 to .21 lb per day in all three implant periods compared to Synovex alone. Total feedlot gain was increased in direct relation to the number of times steers received the combination implant. However, marbling score and the percentage of carcasses grading USDA Choice tended to be reduced with repeated use of Revalor or Finaplix.

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Effect Of Mass Medication On The Health And Gain Of Calves In Grass Paddocks Or Feedlot Pens, F.K. Brazle Jan 1993

Effect Of Mass Medication On The Health And Gain Of Calves In Grass Paddocks Or Feedlot Pens, F.K. Brazle

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Four hundred and ninety mixed-breed, long-hauled, bull calves averaging 275 lb were used in a winter study to determine whether mass medicating calves in grass paddocks or feedlot pens would reduce health problems and improve performance. All calves were started in feedlot pens for 3 days, then half of the calves were turned out into grass paddocks. Mass medication with injectable oxytetracycline did not improve health or gain of the calves. Calves housed in grass paddocks during the recurring period had less sickness (P<.01), fewer (P<.05) sick days per animal purchased, and lower (P<.05) drug treatment costs than their counterparts housed in feedlot pens.

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