Life Sciences Commons^™

Investigation Of Reproductive Traits And A Computer-Assisted Single Artificial Insemination Procedure In Mares In Subtropical Taiwan, Jacky Peng-Wen Chan, Jui-Te Wu, Feng-Pang Cheng, Shi-Te Chuang, Chi-Chung Chou

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The objective of this study was to report the reproductive traits of mares by ultrasonography and hormone analyses in subtropical Taiwan and the successful artificial breeding of mares using a self-developed computer-assisted single insemination technique. A previously developed computer-assisted image analysis technique at our reproduction centre was employed to determine the optimal time for artificial insemination (AI). In the 8 mares that underwent this AI procedure, ovulations all occurred within 12 h post-insemination and 5 mares were impregnated (62.5%). The combined results of ultrasonic examination and hormone analyses showed that the mares in Taiwan were not only possible defined seasonal …

Iatrogenic Hyperlipidemia Associated With Lipid-Laden Aqueous Humor In A Cat Following Administration Of Megestrol Acetate, Masoud Selk Ghaffari

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A 2-year-old male cat presented with sudden onset of binocular blindness in both eyes. The appearance of eyes seemed to change to cloudy white. Evaluation of intraocular components of the anterior segment was completely impossible due to the presence of homogeneous discoloration of the affected eyes. Careful history taking revealed that the cat had received megestrol acetate prescribed by the referring veterinarian for the treatment of urine spraying for 10 months. Laboratory findings revealed hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia. According to the history of drug therapy, ocular signs, and laboratory findings, a diagnosis of drug induced lipemia and subsequent lipid-laden aqueous humor …

Retinal Degeneration Due To Enrofloxacin Intoxication In A Cat, Murat Şaroğlu, Di̇lek Olgun Erdi̇kmen

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this case presentation, retinal degeneration due to enrofloxacin intoxication encountered in a domestic short-haired male cat is discussed. History of the patient revealed that he had received 7.8 mg/kg enrofloxacin twice daily for 10 days. Both pupils were dilated. Pupillary light reflexes were negative in both eyes. Direct and indirect ophthalmoscopic examinations showed tapetal hyperreflectivity, and slight attenuation of the retinal blood vessels compared to those of a healthy cat was observed in both retinas. Follow-up information obtained from the owner by telephone 6, 12, and 18 months later revealed that there had been no improvement in the cat´s …

Cryosurgical Treatment Of Anal Sac Fistulae In Dogs, Mehmet Sağlam, Ümi̇t Kaya

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Seven dogs of different breed, age, and sex that were diagnosed with anal sac fistulae upon clinical examination constituted the study material. Sedation for the procedure was maintained by means of xylazine hydrochloride administered intramuscularly. The patients were placed in the lateral recumbency position for the insertion into the fistulae of an appropriate probe, selected according to the lesion. Rapid cooling and spontaneous thawing were performed. This procedure was performed twice consecutively. The cooling temperature was adjusted to between -30 and -50 °C. The lesion healed completely between weeks 3 and 6 following the demarcation of necrotic tissue and growth …

Effect Of Low Temperature Thawing On The Motility And Fertility Of Cryopreserved Water Buffalo And Zebu Bull Semen, M. Anwar, S.M.H. Andrabi, A. Mehmood, N. Ullah

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The study was conducted to evaluate the quality of cryopreserved buffalo and zebu semen thawed and held at low temperature. Progressive motility of frozen semen thawed in a 37 °C water bath for 45 s (control) was compared with that of semen held in ice water (3-5 °C) for 180 min. Semen collected from 3 buffalo and 2 zebu bulls was used for this purpose over 3 weeks (replicates). Fertility was compared after performing 28 inseminations with buffalo semen and 100 inseminations with zebu semen either after control thawing or thawing straws in ice water for 30-60 min. Progressive motility …

Estimation Of The Nitrogen-Phosphorus Load Caused By Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss Walbaum, 1792) Cage-Culture Farms In Kesikköprü Dam Lake: A Comparison Of Pelleted And Extruded Feed, Umut Aşir, Serap Pulatsü

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This research was conducted in order to estimate the nitrogen and phosphorus loads released into Kesikköprü Dam Lake between April and July 2006 from 2 different rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792) cage farms. Both farms had a capacity of about 20 t year^{-1}, and used pelleted and extruded feed. In Kesikköprü Dam Lake the nitrogen load was estimated to be between 56.00 and 62.92 kg t^{-1}of fish produced, and the phosphorus load was estimated to be between 10.66 and 12.17 kg t^{-1}of fish produced in cages in which pelleted feed was used, In cages in which extruded feed was …

Incidence Of Endemic Diseases In Dairy Herds In Burdur, Konya, And Kırklareli Provinces In Turkey, Cengi̇z Yalçin, Savaş Sariözkan, Ahmet Şener Yildiz, Ayteki̇n Günlü

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A prospective longitudinal observation study was carried out with 150 randomly selected dairy herds from among 1684 Turkish Dairy Breeding Association (TDBA) herds in Burdur, Konya, and Kırklareli provinces. The herds were stratified as small scale (less than 11 milking cows) and medium-large scale (more than 10 milking cows). The survey was conducted between October 2003 and September 2004, and each herd was visited at least once per month. As the weighted average of 3 provinces, the most frequent events were fertility disorders (30.2%) and udder diseases (28.3%), followed by puerperal disorders (18.3%) and locomotor system disorders (10.0%). There was, …

Antagonism Of Medetomidine Sedation In Goats By Atipamezole And Yohimbine, Mahmood B. Mahmood, Fouad K. Mohammad

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonists atipamezole and yohimbine were used to antagonize medetomidine-induced sedation in 6-8-month-old native breed female goats. Intramuscular injection of medetomidine at the dose rate of 40 \mu g/kg body weight induced sedation and recumbency within 10-20 min in the goats. After recumbency, the goats were injected with saline (5 ml) (control group), atipamezole (0.2 mg/kg), or yohimbine (0.2 mg/kg) via the jugular vein. The duration of recumbency in the control group was 90 ± 9 min (mean ± SE). The effects of sedation continued in the control group goats even after regaining the righting reflex and standing. …

Production Losses Due To Endemic Foot-And-Mouth Disease In Cattle In Turkey, Berri̇n Şentürk, Cengi̇z Yalçin

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This research paper is aimed at estimating foot-and-mouth disease (FMD)-induced production losses in individual dairy and fattening cattle in Turkey. The data used were obtained from a Delphi Expert Opinion Survey. The weighted average FMD-induced financial losses for all breeds were estimated to be $294/head for a milking cow, $152/head for a dairy heifer and $197/head for beef cattle. However, the amount of financial loss varied across different breeds, ages, and sexes. The study findings suggest that culling Holstein breed cows, beef cattle, and Holstein and cross breed female calves, as soon as they have an FMD infection, would be …

The Effect Of Duration Of Finishing Period On The Performance, Slaughter, Carcass, And Beef Quality Characteristics Of Eastern Anatolian Red Bulls, Abdülkadi̇r Özlütürk, Nuri̇ni̇sa Esenbuğa, Mete Yanar, Necdet Ünlü, Muhli̇s Maci̇t, Si̇nan Kopuzlu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Seventeen Eastern Anatolian Red (EAR) bulls at 20 months of age were divided into 2 treatment groups and fed for either 168 days (S) or 210 days (L). Initial and final weights were not significantly different. While bulls in the L group had the highest total weight gain (149.0 vs. 177.2 kg), feed efficiency ratio was superior for the cattle fed for 168 days. Carcass weight, spleen and front + hind feet weights as a percentage of slaughter weight, weight of kidney fat, percentage of kidney, pelvic, and heart fat, and yield grade all increased (P < 0.05) with feeding time. Bulls in the L group received a higher (P < 0.05) panel rating for juiciness, and the panel juiciness score was closely associated with tenderness measurements such as panel tenderness score, Warner Bratzler shear force value, and number of chews before swallowing. It is concluded that duration of finishing significantly influenced carcass, slaughter, and organoleptic beef quality traits of young EAR bulls.

Determination Of The Feeding Values Of Feedstuffs And Mixed Feeds Used In The Southeastern Anatolia Region Of Turkey, Murat Sedat Baran, Ramazan Demi̇rel, Di̇lek Şentürk Demi̇rel, Tarkan Şahi̇n, Derya Yeşi̇lbağ

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

It is very important to know the feeding value and metabolizable energy content of feedstuffs for balancing animal diets. Feeding value and energy content of animal feeds change according to maturity stage, soil conditions, fertilization, climate, processing methods, etc. There are no adequate tables that show the basic feeding values of feedstuffs grown in different regions of Turkey; therefore, the present study analyzed 8 different feedstuffs and 56 dairy and beef cattle mixed feeds to determine their feeding value and energy content. Additionally, the possibility of using these feedstuffs for ruminant nutrition is discussed. Crude protein content of the dairy …

The Influence Of Epidermal Growth Factor On Maturation And Fertilisation Of Bovine Oocytes In Vitro, Bülent Polat, M. Rifat Salmanoğlu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficiency of different doses of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on maturation and fertilisation of bovine oocytes in vitro. A total of 1209 high quality oocytes (follicles 2-8 mm in diameter, with unexpanded cumulus cells) were obtained by aspiration from ovaries collected at a slaughterhouse. The oocytes were then assigned into 6 groups: 1, 10, 100, and 1000 ng/ml EGF groups, as well as positive (EGF replaced with hCG) and negative (TCM 199 only, no supplement) control groups. Maturation and fertilisation rates were calculated at 39 °C in an atmosphere of …

Immunomodulatory And Protective Effects Of Sugar Cane Juice In Chickens Against Eimeria Infection, Masood Akhtar, M. Abdul Hafeez, Faqir Muhammad, Ahsan Ul Haq, M. Irfan Anwar

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Present paper reports the effects of sugar cane juice (SCJ) on immune responses and its protection against Eimeria (mixed species) infections in broiler chickens. Experiment 1 was conducted to test the dose efficacy of SCJ and its effects on chickens against coccidiosis. Maximum weight gain per day was recorded in chickens given SCJ @ 400 mg/kg body weight. Significantly (P < 0.01) low mortality and increased body weight gain per day were recorded in chickens administered SCJ orally and challenged with mixed species of genus Eimeria. Furthermore, mild hemorrhages, lower lesion scores (+1), and significantly lower number of oocysts shed in faeces were recorded in immunized chickens compared to control. Experiment 2 was carried out to evaluate the immunomodulatory effects of SCJ on cellular and humoral responses. Highest antibody titres (1:1024-1:16; GMT 367.28) were recorded in chickens administered SCJ @ 400 mg/kg body weight in comparison with control (1:16-1:2; GMT 2.82). To demonstrate the cell mediated immunity (CMI), amplitude of toe-web swelling 72 h post avian tuberculin injection was recorded in the experimental and control groups. Maximum swelling (8.13 ± 0.21 mm) was recorded in the experimental group as compared to control (1.04 ± 0.10); indicating higher cell mediated immune response. From these results it was concluded that SCJ elicit a significantly higher cellular and humoral responses compared to control, which may provide protection against Eimeria infections (mixed species) in chickens.

Morphology And Arterial Vasculature Of Donkey (Equus Asinus L.) Adrenal Gland, Emi̇ne Karakurum, Özcan Özgel, Nejdet Dursun

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, the shape, localization, and arterial vascularization of the gl. adrenalis were examined in 6 donkeys. It was observed that the internal side of the gl. adrenalis sinistra was located against the aorta abdominalis and the caudal aspect of the gland was in the ventral aspect of the a. renalis sinistra. The length of the left adrenal gland was approximately 41.49-47.44 mm, while its width was about 21.70-26.24 mm, and the thickness was nearly 4.65-7.56 mm. The shape of the left adrenal gland was oval or nearly circular. The gl. adrenalis sinistra was vascularized by the rr. adrenalis …

Toxicity Of Heliotropium Dolosum, Heliotropium Circinatum, And Senecio Vernalis In Parental Quail And Their Progeny, With Residue Evaluation Of Eggs, Yesari̇ Eröksüz, Ali̇ Osman Çeri̇başi, Aydin Çevi̇k, Hati̇ce Eröksüz, Fatma Tosun, Uğur Tamer

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In all, 160 Japanese quail (80 male and 80 female) were divided into 4 groups (3 test groups and 1 control group). The test groups were fed a diet containing aerial parts (leaves, stems, and flowers) of Senecio vernalis (SV group), Heliotropium dolosum (HD group), or Heliotropium circinatum (HC group) at the level of 30% for 6 weeks, and the control group was fed 0% in order to evaluate parental and progenial toxicity, along with the transference of alkaloid residues to their eggs. The pyrrolizidine alkaloid content in the feed was 390 mg/kg in the HD group, 450 mg/kg in …

Seroprevalence Of Coxiella Burnetii In Stray Cats In Central Anatolia, Selçuk Kiliç, Tomoyoshi Komiya, Beki̇r Çelebi̇, Ni̇jat Aydin, Junko Saito, Hiroko Toriniwa, Bi̇lge Karatepe, Cahi̇t Babur

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Coxiella burnetii causes Q fever (Coxiellosis) in humans and animals worldwide. The present study was carried out to determine the seroprevalence of Q fever among stray cats in 3 providences (Ankara, Niğde, and Kayseri) in Central Anatolia, Turkey. A total of 143 sera from stray cats were examined for the presence of IgG against C. burnetii phase II antigen by indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). Seven out of the 143 (4.9%) stray cats were seropositive for Q fever, with titers of 1:64 to 1:256. Seroprevalences in Ankara, Niğde, and Kayseri provinces were 1.6%, 7.4%, and 8.3%, respectively. This is the …

Disseminated Streptococcus Equi Subsp. Zooepidemicus Infection In A Foal And Associated Mastitis In A Mare, A. Levent Kocabiyik, Esra Büyükcangaz, Ahmet Akkoç, Cüneyt Özakin, İ. Taci̇ Cangül

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A systemic infection with Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus is described in a 22-day-old female foal for the first time in Turkey. Clinically the foal was in poor condition and had severe pneumonia. Painful swellings of the carpal and tarsal joints were evident. Examination of the dam revealed clinical mastitis. Postmortem histopathological and microbiological examinations of samples from the foal revealed a disseminated infection with S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus. The causative agent was also recovered in pure culture from a milk sample of the mare.

An Efficient Algorithm For Biomarker Identification, Jiang Li, Rick Mckenzie, Lisa Cazares, Richard Drake, John Semmens

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Evaluation Of Midazolam On Head Injured Patients In The Prehospital Setting, Dragana Klinac

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Midazolam (Hypnovel ®) is the only sedating agent used by paramedics at St John Ambulance Service W.A. in the management of many conditions including seizure activities, antisocial or uncontrollable behaviours, back pain incidents and head injuries. Midazolam, with a rapid absorption, fast onset of action and short duration on neurological activity, has been accepted as a safe and effective agent in prehospital treatment since the late-1990s. Often, if a patient is not complying with treatment or is uncontrollable or aggressive, paramedics are required to sedate the individual. This study primarily examines the use of midazolam for the sedation of unmanageable …

A Versatile Imaging System For In Vivo Small Animal Research, Jianguo Qian

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

In vivo small animal imaging has become an essential technique for molecular biology studies. However, requirements of spatial resolution, sensitivity and image quality are quite challenging for the development of small-animal imaging systems. The capabilities of the system are also significant for carrying out small animal imaging in a wide range of biological studies. The goal of this dissertation is to develop a high-performance imaging system that can readily meet a wide range of requirements for a variety of small animal imaging applications. Several achievements have been made in order to fulfill this goal.;To supplement our system for parallel-hole single …

Invited Review: Heat Shock Proteins And Exercise: A Primer, Earl Noble, Kevin Milne, C.W. Melling

Jamie Melling

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are, in general, prosurvival molecules within the cellular environment, and the overexpression of even just 1 family of HSPs can lead to protection against and improvements after a variety of stressors. Not surprisingly, a fertile area of study has grown out of effors to exploit the innate biologic behaviour of HSPs. Exercise, because of the inherent physiologic stresses associated with it, is but 1 stimulus that can result in a robust increase in various HSPs in several tissues, not the least of which happen to be the heart and skeletal muscle. The purpose of this review …

Heat Shock Proteins And Whole Body Physiology, Earl Nobe, C.W. James Melling, Kevin Milne

Jamie Melling

No abstract provided.

Stomping The Shadow: The Elevation Of Snowboarding To The Olympic Pedestal From A Jungian Perspective, Megan Popovic, Don Morrow

Donald Morrow

No abstract provided.

Imaging Of Transplanted Pancreatic Islets In Vivo, P. Joo Ho Tai, C. Foster, C. Hasil, C.W.J. Melling, D. White

Jamie Melling

No abstract provided.

Structural And Dynamic Basis Of Phospholamban And Sarcolipin Inhibition Of Ca2+-Atpase, Nathaniel J. Traaseth, Kim N. Ha, Raffaello Verardi, Lei Shi, Jarrod J. Buffy, Larry R. Masterson, Gianluigi Veglia

Larry Masterson

Cellular Effects Of Antiepileptic Drugs, Robert L. Macdonald, Michael A. Rogawski

Michael A. Rogawski

Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) protect against seizures through interactions with a variety of cellular targets, which include various ion channels, a neurotransmitter transporter, a neurotransmitter metabolic enzyme, and a synaptic vesicle protein. AED actions on these targets can be categorized into four broad groups: 1. Modulation of voltage-dependent ion channels (mainly sodium [Na] but also calcium [Ca] channels) 2. Effects on γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) systems, including alterations in the cellular disposition of GABA and enhancement of synaptic inhibition mediated by GABA-A receptors 3. Inhibition of synaptic excitation mediated by ionotropic glutamate receptors 4. Modulation of neurotransmitter release, particularly of glutamate, through …

Correlation Network Analysis For Data Integration And Biomarker Selection, Aram Adourian, Ezra Jennings, Raji Balasubramanian, Wade M. Hines, Doris Damian, Tom N. Plasterer, Clary B. Clish, Paul Stroobant, Robert N. Mcburney, Elwin R. Verheij, Ivana I. Bobeldijk, J Van Der Greef, J Lindberg, K Kenne, U Andersson, H Hellmold, K Nilsson, H Salter, I Schuppe-Koistinen

Raji Balasubramanian

This work demonstrates the application of correlation networks to a systems-based investigation of drug-induced hepatotoxicity and the identification of specific and relevant biomarkers in this context.

Effect Of Two Milling Techniques And Flours Particle Size On Some, Theodore N'Dede Djeni

Theodore N'Dede Djeni

Two techniques of milling (milling with wooden mortar and milling with hammer grinder) for the production of millet flours were compared in term of physical, biochemical and nutritional aspects and digestibility of the produced flours. A batch of millet grains with candle (Pennisetum glaucum L. R.BR) was purchased from a local market for flour production, while the flour digestibility tests were achieved with an enzymatic crude extract get from gastric juice of and snails (Archachatina marginata). The different rough flours obtained from both milling techniques showed significant differences (p<0.05) in their granulometric profiles and their biochemical composition. The mortar …

Common Pathophysiologic Mechanisms In Migraine And Epilepsy, Michael A. Rogawski

Michael A. Rogawski

Migraine and epilepsy are comorbid episodic disorders that have common pathophysiologic mechanisms. Migraine attacks, like epileptic seizures, may be triggered by excessive neocortical cellular excitability; in migraine, however, the hyperexcitability is believed to transition to cortical spreading depression rather than to the hypersynchronous activity that characterizes seizures. Some forms of epilepsy and migraine are known to be channelopathies. Mutations in the same genes can cause either migraine or epilepsy or, in some cases, both. Given the likely commonalities in the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms, it is not surprising that some antiepileptic drugs, including valproate, topiramate, and gabapentin, are effective …

Discordance In The Paraoxonase (Pon1)-192qr Polymorphism, Rozaida @ Poh Yuen Ying

Rozaida @ Poh Yuen Ying

Paraoxonase (PON1) has been implicated to have a cardioprotective role, due to its physical attachment with high-density lipoprotein. PON1192QR is a variation of the PON1 gene, the R allele being a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Kinetic studies resulting in a plot of paraoxon versus diazoxon hydrolysis rates may be used to accurately predict PON1192 geno-type. In this study, paraoxonase and diazoxonase activities in plasma were measured spec-trophotometrically using plasma while PCR-based PON1192 genotyping was performed us-ing polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction digestion. The two-substrate assay-derived genotypes were cross-referred with those determined by PCR-based genotyping. When results did not …