Life Sciences Commons^™

Antioxidant Feeding Does Not Impact Incidence Or Severity Of Liver Abscesses, H. C. Muller, C. L. Van Bibber-Krueger, J. S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Liver abscesses are a large source of economic loss in feedlot cattle. Not only do liver abscesses lead to a decrease in feedlot performance, but these livers are condemned in the abattoir and can also lead to a further decrease in carcass value due to trim loss. Tylosin phosphate is a metaphylactic macrolide drug that effectively decreases the occurrence of liver abscesses. The drug is approved by the Food and Drug Administration for over-the-counter use. However, in January 2017 the FDA will require a veterinary feed directive for medically important antibiotics (antibiotics that are used in human health) used in …

Differences In Efficacy Between Gamithromycin, Tilmicosin, And Tulathromycin As Metaphylactic Treatments In High Risk Calves For Bovine Respiratory Disease, T. Miller, M. E. Hubbert, E. F. Schwandt, D. U. Thomson, C. D. Reinhardt

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The cost of Bovine Respiratory Disease to the beef industry due to death, poorer conversions, and therapy is estimated to cost more than $3 billion per year. Identifying and mitigating Bovine Respiratory Disease in cattle can be difficult due to the increased susceptibility for Bovine Respiratory Disease in high risk cattle. One management option to minimize an outbreak of respiratory disease is the use of metaphylaxis, the mass treatment of a group of calves to reduce the incidence and adverse effects of respiratory disease on high risk animals. Criteria used to determine the necessity of metaphylactic treatment against Bovine Respiratory …

Twenty-Four Hour Holter Monitoring In Finishing Cattle Housed Outdoors, D. A. Frese, J. D. Thomason, C. D. Reinhardt, S. J. Bartle, D. N. Rethorst, G. H. Loneragan, E. F. Schwandt, D. U. Thomson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Ambulatory electrocardiogram monitoring, in the form of Holter monitoring, has been used in human and veterinary medicine for decades as an aid in the diagnosis and determination of appropriate therapy of heart rhythm disturbances. Within veterinary medicine, Holter monitors have been primarily used in companion animal species, yet little attention has been given to food animal species. Moreover, the heart rhythm in clinically normal cattle fed high concentrate diets and housed outdoors in confined drylot facilities has not been previously reported. In order to properly identify pathologic arrhythmias in cattle, the normal rhythm and arrhythmia prevalence in healthy cattle should …

Effect Of Calsporin On Nursing Piglet Growth Performance And Fecal Microflora, M. B. Menegat, C. M. Vier, H. S. Cemin, D. Shawk, J. M. Derouchey, J. C. Woodworth, M. D. Tokach, S. S. Dritz, R. D. Goodband

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 26 lactating sows (DNA 241, DNA Genetics, Columbus, NE) and litters were used in a discovery study to evaluate the effects of Calsporin, a direct-fed microbial containingBacillus subtilisC-3102, on fecal microflora of nursing pigs. The treatments consisted of providing a daily oral dose of Calsporin or a placebo control to piglets during the nursing phase. Sows were randomly assigned to treatments based on farrowing date, parity, and initial BW. The treatments were applied individually to piglets once a day from d 2 after farrowing and equalization until weaning on d 19. Sow BW, sow ADFI, …

Quantifying Medium Chain Fatty Acid Mitigation Activity Over Time Against Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus In Nursery Pig Diets, J. T. Gebhardt, J. C. Woodworth, M. D. Tokach, J. M. Derouchey, R. D. Goodband, C. K. Jones, S. S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Medium chain fatty acids (MCFA) are six to twelve carbon length molecules that have shown significant promise as potential mitigants of biological hazards in feed and feed ingredients. The use of residual duration of activity approaches, such as MCFA, have significant advantages compared to point-in-time mitigation strategies. The primary advantage of MCFA is the ability to mitigate the risks generated by post-processing contamination; however, the duration of mitigation activity has not been established. Therefore, the objective of this experiment was to characterize the mitigation properties of MCFA-treated swine feed 40 d following feed manufacturing. Treatments (n = 8) consisted of …

Identifying Immuno-Dominant And Neutralizing Epitopes From K88 Fimbriae Of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli (Etec), T. Lu, W. Zhang

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) bacteria are the primary cause of diarrheal disease, especially porcine post-weaning diarrhea (PWD). Post-weaning diarrhea is one of the most common diseases in piglets 3 to 10 days after weaning and causes the loss of millions of dollars annually to United States swine industry and other countries. These ETEC bacteria produce two types of virulence factors: 1) fimbriae adhesins, which promote bacterial attachment and colonization in pig small intestine; and 2) enterotoxins that disrupt fluid homeostasis and cause fluid hype-secretion and watery diarrhea. The F4 (K88) is the most important fimbria in ETEC bacteria causing PWD. …

Genome Diversity And Molecular Detection Of Prrs Field Strains And Vaccine Strains, And Pcv3 And Pcv2 Strains, Y. Wang, F. Yuan, X. Liu, W. Zheng, H. Zhang, J. Zhang, K. Yoon, L. Peddireddi, Y. Fang, G. Anderson, J. Bai

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Molecular diagnosis of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRS) and porcine circo virus (PCV) are challenging due to high genetic diversity in the viral genomes. Differentiating PRRS vaccine strains is even more challenging and is currently done by DNA sequencing, which is expensive and time-consuming. A multiplexed system (Luminex) allowing multiple detection targets in the same reaction is available. However, this system is not fully developed for common swine pathogens. Therefore, an assay was built to detect the majority of field PRRS strains by using different pairs of primers, and at the same time, to provide differentiation of the …

Improve Food Safety Of Chinese Restaurants In Kansas Through Multicultural Intervening Measures, Shijun Yan, Autumn Schuck

Institute for Student Learning Assessment

Chinese restaurants' food safety problems have attracted the attention of food safety regulators. According to the many feedback of the state food safety inspectors, there are more problems in the operations of Chinese restaurants than in those others. The probability of repeating the same mistakes is also high in the review of the violation items in the inspection reports. Due to the number of violating behaviors in Chinese restaurants, food safety inspectors have to do many follow-up inspections, and this causes much waste of human resources.

The purpose of this study was to enable Chinese restaurant practitioners to understand US …

Simulation Comparison Of Statistical Methods Used In Assessing Vaccine Efficacy In Veterinary Biologics, Kenny Wakeland, Brian Fergen

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture

In veterinary biologics, clinical studies conducted to support the licensure of a vaccine generally include a demonstration of efficacy in the species of interest. Typically, these studies are designed to assess a vaccine’s ability to prevent or mitigate clinical disease. Study designs utilize two or more treatment groups, and often incorporate blocking structure restrictions to accommodate animal housing or litter-related effects. When assessing a vaccine’s ability to prevent clinical disease, the prevented fraction (PF), a function of the group proportions of affected animals, is often utilized. Typically the sample size per treatment group is limited, and each block is represented …

Assessing The Effects Of Medium Chain Fatty Acids And Fat Sources On Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Viral Rna Stability And Infectivity, R. A. Cochrane, S. S. Dritz, J. C. Woodworth, A. R. Huss, C. R. Stark, M. Saensukjaroenphon, J. M. Derouchey, M. D. Tokach, R. D. Goodband, J. Bai, Qi Chen, Jianqiang Zhang, Phillip Charles Gauger, Rachel J. Derscheid, Rodger G. Main, C. K. Jones

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Research has confirmed that chemical treatments, such as medium chain fatty acids (MCFA) and commercial formaldehyde, can be effective to reduce the risk of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) cross-contamination in feed. However, the efficacy of individual MCFA levels are unknown. The objective of this study is to compare the efficacy of commercially-available sources of MCFA and other fat sources versus a synthetic custom blend of MCFA to minimize the risk of PEDV cross-contamination as measured by qRT-PCR and bioassay. Treatments were arranged in a 17 × 4 plus 1 factorial with 17 chemical treatments: 1) Positive control with PEDV …

Evaluating The Inclusion Level Of Medium Chain Fatty Acids To Reduce The Risk Of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus In Complete Feed And Spray-Dried Animal Plasma, R. A. Cochrane, S. S. Dritz, J. C. Woodworth, A. R. Huss, C. R. Stark, M. Saensukjaroenphon, J. M. Derouchey, M. D. Tokach, R. D. Goodband, J. Bai, Qi Chen, Jianqiang Zhang, Phillip Charles Gauger, Rachel J. Derscheid, Drew Robert Magstadt, Paulo Elias Arruda, Alejandro Ramirez, Rodger G. Main, C. K. Jones

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Research has confirmed that chemical treatments, such as medium chain fatty acids (MCFA) and commercial formaldehyde, can be effective to reduce the risk of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) cross-contamination in feed. However, the efficacy of MCFA levels below 2% inclusion is unknown. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate if a 1% inclusion of MCFA is as effective at PEDV mitigation as a 2% inclusion or formaldehyde in swine feed and spray-dried animal plasma (SDAP). Treatments were arranged in a 4 × 2 × 7 plus 2 factorial with 4 chemical treatments: 1) PEDV positive with no chemical …

Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Surface Decontamination Strategies Using Chemical Sanitizing To Reduce The Quantity Of Pedv Rna On Feed Manufacturing Surfaces With Environmental Swabbing, M. Muckey, S. S. Dritz, J. C. Woodworth, C. R. Stark, J. Bai, Jianqiang Zhang, Phillip Charles Gauger, Rodger G. Main, C. K. Jones

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a possible hazard in feed mills that could impact pig health. If the virus enters a feed mill, it quickly becomes widely distributed and is difficult to decontaminate from surfaces.6,7 The objective of this study was to evaluate a variety of liquid and dry chemical treatments that could be used as sanitizers to reduce the amount of PEDV found on feed manufacturing surfaces in mills. This experiment was replicated 3 times and was designed in a 5 × 10 factorial with main effects of 5 different feed manufacturing surfaces and 10 sanitizing treatments. Surfaces …

Evaluating The Impact Of Vevovitall And/Or Crina As Potential Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Mitigation Strategies As Determined By Polymerase Chain Reaction Analysis And Bioassay, J. T. Gebhardt, J. C. Woodworth, C. K. Jones, M. D. Tokach, J. M. Derouchey, R. D. Goodband, R. A. Cochrane, C. R. Stark, J. Bergstrom, Phillip Charles Gauger, J. Bai, Qi Chen, Jianqiang Zhang, Rodger G. Main, S. S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Feed and feed ingredients have been shown to be potential vectors of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV). Potential strategies to mitigate the risk of disease transmission via feed and feed ingredients would be valuable to the swine and feed milling industries. Therefore, the objective of this experiment was to determine the impact of VevoVitall (5,000 ppm; DSM Nutritional Products Inc., Parsipanny, NJ), CRINA (200 ppm; DSM Nutritional Products Inc., Parsipanny, NJ), and a combination of both products (COMBINATION; 5,000 ppm VevoVitall and 200 ppm CRINA) as feed additives with potential to mitigate the risk of PEDV, in swine gestation diet …

Evaluation Of The Effects Of Flushing Feed Manufacturing Equipment With Chemically- Treated Rice Hulls On Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Cross Contamination During Feed Manufacturing, J. T. Gebhardt, J. C. Woodworth, C. K. Jones, Phillip Charles Gauger, M. D. Tokach, J. M. Derouchey, R. D. Goodband, M. Muckey, R. A. Cochrane, M. Niederwerder, C. R. Stark, J. Bai, Qi Chen, Jianqiang Zhang, Alejandro Ramirez, Rachel J. Derscheid, Rodger G. Main, S. S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Various strategies have been proposed to mitigate potential risk of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) transmission via feed and feed ingredients. Wet decontamination has been found to be the most effective decontamination of feed mill surfaces; however, this is not practical on a commercial feed production-scale. Another potential mitigation strategy, easier to implement, would be using chemically-treated rice hulls flushed through the feed manufacturing equipment. The objective of this experiment was to determine the impact of MCFA- or formaldehyde-treated rice hull flush batches as potential PEDV mitigation strategies during feed manufacturing. Feed without evidence of PEDV RNA contamination was inoculated …

Generating An Equation To Predict Post- Farrow Maternal Weight In Multiple Parity Sows, L. L. Thomas, S. S. Dritz, R. D. Goodband, M. D. Tokach, J. M. Derouchey, J. C. Woodworth

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

ost-farrow maternal weight is required when partitioning maternal and fetal weight gains throughout gestation. Equations were developed from the analysis of 150 females (Line 1050, PIC, Hendersonville, TN) to predict the weight of conceptus by difference of pre- and post-farrowing weight change in multi-parity sows. Females were individually weighed as they were moved into the farrowing house at d 110 to 112 of gestation and again at 12 to 24 h after farrowing. Data were divided into 4 groups: (1) parity 1 sows; (2) parity 2 sows; (3) parity 3 sows; and (4) parity 4+ sows. Each group tested 3 …

Human Issues In Horticulture: A Bibliography, Diana M. Farmer

NPP eBooks

This is a comprehensive bibliography of a rather broad subject area—horticultural therapy. The subject reflects a change in the definition of horticulture as the art and science of growing fruits, vegetables and flowers to include horticulture’s effects on human well-being. The number of citations also reflects the growth and continuing evolvement of this discipline. This bibliography does not include journal articles. It does include monographs, treatises, books, pamphlets, theses, dissertations and media published prior to 2000. The gardening references include a human focus and there are references as well to associated topics such as universal design, accessibility, human perception, environment …

Effect Of Thermal Mitigation On Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (Pedv)- Contaminated Feed, R. A. Cochrane, L. L. Schumacher, S. S. Dritz, J. C. Woodworth, A. R. Huss, C. R. Stark, J. M. Derouchey, M. D. Tokach, R. D. Goodband, J. Bai, Qi Chen, Jianqiang Zhang, Phillip Charles Gauger, Rodger G. Main, C. K. Jones

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDV) is primarily transmitted by fecal-oral contamination. However, epidemiological evidence has shown that swine feed and ingredients may serve as potential vectors of transmission. Since it is known that PEDV is a heat-sensitive virus, we hypothesized that a conditioner and pellet mill mimicking commercial thermal processing would mitigate PEDV infectivity. To test this hypothesis, two experiments were designed to determine if different pellet mill conditioner retention times or temperatures would impact PEDV infectivity determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis and bioassay. For the first study, a 3×3×2 factorial was utilized, with three pelleting temperatures (155, …

Evaluating The Effect Of Manufacturing Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (Pedv)-Contaminated Feed On Subsequent Feed Mill Environmental Surface Contamination, L. L. Schumacher, R. A. Cochrane, C. E. Evans, J. R. Kalivoda, J. C. Woodworth, C. R. Stark, C. K. Jones, Rodger G. Main, Jianqiang Zhang, S. S. Dritz, Phillip Charles Gauger

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

This study aimed to utilize the only known pilot feed mill facility approved for pathogenic feed agent use in the United States to evaluate the effect of manufacturing Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDV)-contaminated feed on subsequent feed mill environmental surface contamination. In this study, PEDV inoculated feed was manufactured and conveyed on equipment along with four subsequent batches of PEDV-free feed. Equipment and environmental surfaces were sampled using swabs and analyzed for the presence of PEDV RNA by PCR. The experiment was replicated three times with decontamination of the feed mill and all equipment between replications. Overall, environmental swabs indicated …

Determining The Impact Of By-O-Reg+ In Diets With Or Without A Feed Grade Antibiotic On Growth Performance Of Nursery Pigs, L. L. Thomas, J. C. Woodworth, R. D. Goodband, J. M. Derouchey, M. D. Tokach, S. S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 717 nursery pigs (PIC C-29 × 28 and PIC L3-1050 × 1040, initially 12.48 ± 0.10 lb) from two consecutive nursery groups were used in a 35-d growth study. The objective was to determine the impact of increasing levels of By-O-Reg+ in diets with or without 50 g/ton Carbadox. By-O-Reg+ is a unique mixture of essential oils primarily based on oregano. It utilizes encapsulation technology to stabilize the essential oils and is suggested to have antimicrobial-like properties. The present study evaluated growth performance of nursery pigs fed 1 of 6 dietary treatments that were arranged as a …

Determining The Minimum Infectious Dose Of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (Pedv) In A Feed Matrix, L. L. Schumacher, J. C. Woodworth, C. R. Stark, C. K. Jones, R. A. Hesse, Rodger G. Main, Jianqiang Zhang, Phillip Charles Gauger, S. S. Dritz, M. D. Tokach

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Understanding the magnitude of transmissible risk Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDV)-infected feed imposes and establishing the minimum infectious dose of PEDV in a feed matrix are important components in strengthening virus prevention and control methods. In this study, an experiment was performed involving 30 crossbred, 10-d-old pigs that were used as a bioassay model for the minimum infectious dose of PEDV in feed. The PEDV was first diluted using tissue culture media to form 8 serial 10-fold dilutions. An aliquot of the original stock virus at 5.6 x 10⁵tissue culture infectious dose/ml (TCID₅₀/ml), each serial PEDV …

Utilizing Feed Sequencing To Decrease The Risk Of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (Pedv) Cross-Contamination During Feed Manufacturing, L. L. Schumacher, R. A. Cochrane, J. C. Woodworth, C. R. Stark, C. K. Jones, Rodger G. Main, Jianqiang Zhang, Phillip Charles Gauger, S. S. Dritz, M. D. Tokach

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Understanding key points of potential cross-contamination during the feed manufacturing process is important to developing efficacious methods to control or prevent transmission of pathogens into swine diets. In this study, an experiment was conducted involving 30 crossbred 10-d-old pigs that were used as a bioassay model for Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDV) to determine the effects of feed batch sequencing on PEDV cross-contamination and subsequent infectivity. PEDV with a PCR cycle threshold value (Ct) of 11 was uniformly mixed into 4.5 kg of swine diet using a stainless steel bench top mixer validated for mixing efficiency. The inoculated feed was …

Evaluating Chemical Mitigation Of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (Pedv) In Swine Feed And Ingredients, R. A. Cochrane, S. S. Dritz, J. C. Woodworth, A. R. Huss, C. R. Stark, R. A. Hesse, Jianqiang Zhang, M. D. Tokach, J. Bai, C. K. Jones

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDV) is primarily transmitted by fecal-oral contamination. Research has confirmed swine feed or ingredients as potential vectors of transmission, so strategies are needed to mitigate PEDV in feed. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effectiveness of various chemical additives to prevent or mitigate post-processing PEDV contamination in swine feed and ingredients. Treatments were arranged in a 7 × 4 factorial with seven chemical treatments and four feed matrices. The chemical treatments included: negative control with no chemical addition, 0.3% commercial formaldehyde product, 1% sodium bisulfate, 1% sodium chlorate, 3% custom organic acid blend …

Effects Of Commercial Formaldehyde Inclusion And Lysine Level On Pig Performance Of 35- To 50-Lb Nursery Pigs, R. A. Cochrane, L. G. Sica, J. C. Woodworth, S. S. Dritz, C. R. Stark, C. K. Jones

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 299 pigs (DNA 400 × 200; initial BW 33.6 lb) were used in a 14-d study to determine the effects of two separate commercial formaldehyde products (Termin-8; Anitox Corp, Lawrenceville, GA and SalCURB; Kemin Industries, Inc., Des Moines, IA) on nursery pig performance. Dietary treatments were arranged in a 3 × 2 factorial design with three formaldehyde inclusions: none vs. 6.5 lb/ton SalCURB vs. 6.0 lb/ton Termin-8 and 2 Lys levels: Standard (1.25% SID Lys) vs. Low (1.10% SID Lys). Formaldehyde treatments were established based on supplier recommendations and diets were treated with supplier-specific equipment. Pens of …

Effects Of Amino Acid And Energy Intake During Late Gestation On Piglet Birth Weight And Reproductive Performance Of Gilts And Sows Housed Under Commercial Conditions, M. A. Goncalves, K. M. Gourley, S. S. Dritz, M. D. Tokach, N. M. Bello, J. M. Derouchey, J. C. Woodworth, R. D. Goodband

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of amino acid (AA) and energy intake during late gestation on piglet birth weight and reproductive performance of high-performing gilts and sows housed under commercial conditions. At d 90 of gestation, a total of 1,102 females (PIC 1050) were housed in pens by parity group (P1 or P2+), blocked by weight within each pen, and each female was randomly assigned to dietary treatments within weight block. Dietary treatments consisted of combinations of 2 standardized ileal digestible (SID) AA (10.7 or 20.0 g SID Lys intake/d with other AA meeting or …

Evaluating Pellet And Meal Feeding Regimens On Finishing Pig Performance, Stomach Morphology, Carcass Characteristics, And Economics, J. A. De Jong, J. M. Derouchey, M. D. Tokach, S. S. Dritz, R. D. Goodband, M. Allerson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 2,100 pigs (PIC 327 × 1050, initially 68.8 lb) were used in a 118-d trial to determine the effects of pellet feeding regimens on finishing pig growth performance, stomach morphology, and carcass characteristics. Pens of pigs were balanced by initial BW and randomly allotted to 1 of 6 dietary treatments (14 pens/treatment with 25 pigs/pen). Pens were sorted by gender allowing for 7 barrow and 7 gilt pens/treatment. The same corn-soybean meal–based diets containing 15% dried distillers grains with solubles were used for all treatments and fed in 5 phases. The 6 treatments included a meal or …

Vitamin And Trace Minerals: A Survey Of Current Feeding Regimens, J. R. Flohr, M. D. Tokach, J. C. Woodworth, J. M. Derouchey, S. S. Dritz, R. D. Goodband

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Swine producers and nutritionists representing production systems across the United States were surveyed about added vitamin and trace mineral concentrations in swine diets used from March to August of 2014. Respondents were asked to provide the vitamin and trace mineral premix specifications and inclusion rates to calculate complete diet added vitamin and trace mineral concentrations. Weight ranges associated with feeding phases also were collected. In total, 18 production systems representing approximately 2.3 million sows (~40% of the U.S. sow herd) participated in the survey. Data were compiled into relatively consistent weight ranges across all participating producers. There were three nursery …

Evaluating The Impact Of Maternal Vitamin D Supplementation On Sow Performance, Serum Vitamin Metabolites, Neonatal Muscle And Bone Characteristics, And Subsequent Pre-Weaning Pig Performance, J. R. Flohr, J. C. Woodworth, M. D. Tokach, S. S. Dritz, R. D. Goodband, J. M. Derouchey, J. R. Bergstrom

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 56 gestating sows (PIC 1050; 35-d post-insemination) were used in a 30-d trial to determine the serum 25(OH)D₃response to increasing concentrations of vitamins D3. At initiation, sows were randomly allotted to 1 of 7 dietary vitamin D₃treatments (91, 363, 726, 1,451, 2,903, 5,806, or 11,612 IU of vitamin D₃/lb of complete diet) with 8 sows per treatment. All sows were fed 5.5 lb daily at 0800. Increasing vitamin D3 increased (quadratic; P<0.001) serum 25(OH)D₃with the response depicted by the following prediction equation:

Serum 25(OH)D3_,ng/mL = 35.1746 + (0.002353 × …

Evaluating The Effects Of Maternal Vitamin D Supplementation On The Subsequent Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of A Subsample Population Of Growing Pigs, J. R. Flohr, J. C. Woodworth, M. D. Tokach, S. S. Dritz, R. D. Goodband, J. M. Derouchey, J. R. Bergstrom

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A subsample of 448 growing pigs (PIC 327 × 1050), or approximately 50% of pigs weaned from sows fed varying dietary vitamin D regimens, were used in a split-plot design to determine the influence of maternal and nursery vitamin D regimens on growth performance. Sows were previously administered diets containing vitamin D as either: 1) low vitamin D₃(363 IU/lb); 2) medium vitamin D₃(907 IU/lb); 3) high vitamin D₃(4,354 IU/lb); or 4) 23μg 25(OH)D₃/lb (Hy-D, DSM Nutritional Products Inc, Parsippany, NJ) as described by Flohr et al. (20153) throughout gestation and …

Evaluating The Efficacy Of A Novel Phytase Source, J. R. Flohr, J. M. Derouchey, M. D. Tokach, S. S. Dritz, J. C. Woodworth, R. D. Goodband

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 350 nursery pigs (PIC 1050 barrows, initially 33.2 lb and 49 d of age) were used in a 21-d study to determine the aP release curve for a novel phytase product (Microtech 5,000, VTR Bio-tech Co., Guangdong, China). Pigs were randomly allotted to pens at arrival to the facility, and on d 0 of the trial pens were allotted to 1 of 7 treatments in a randomized complete block design. There were 5 pigs per pen and 10 pens per treatment. Pigs were fed corn-soybean meal-based diets formulated to 1.25% SID lysine. A single batch of the …

Effect Of Diet Type And Added Copper On Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, Energy Digestibility, Gut Morphology, And Mucosal Mrna Expression Of Finishing Pigs, K. F. Coble, D. D. Burnett, R. D. Goodband, J. M. Gonzales, J. Usry, M. D. Tokach, J. R. Pluske, J. M. Derouchey, J. C. Woodworth, S. S. Dritz, J. R. Flohr, M. A. Vaughn

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 757 pigs (PIC 337 × 1050, initially 60.8 lb) were used to determine the effects of added Cu (TBCC, tribasic copper chloride, IntelliBond C; Micronutrients, Inc., Indianapolis, IN) and diet type on growth performance, carcass characteristics, energy digestibility, gut morphology, and mucosal mRNA expression of finishing pigs. Pens of pigs were allotted to 1 of 4 dietary treatments, balanced on average pen weight in a randomized complete-block design with 26 to 28 pigs per pen and 7 replications per treatment. Treatments were arranged as a 2 × 2 factorial with main effects of diet type, a corn-soybean …