Life Sciences Commons^™

Understanding Inflammation, Immunity, And Infection, Jeff Vasiloff, Md, Mph

OHIO Open Faculty Textbooks

Inflammation, immunity, and infection explained by Jeffrey Vasiloff, MD, MPH, Associate Clinical Professor, PA Program; Adjunct Professor, PT Program, College of Health Sciences and Professions, Ohio University Dublin Medical Campus; Physician Consultant: Ohio Association of Physician Assistants; Physician Volunteer: Franklin County & Columbus Medical Reserve Corps; Board Certification: Internal Medicine & Diabetes and Endocrinology.

Does Physical Activity Moderate The Association Between Shorter Leukocyte Telomere Length And Incident Coronary Heart Disease? Data From 54,180 Uk Biobank Participants, Meiruo Xiang, Luke C. Pilling, David Melzer, Ben Kirk, Gustavo Duque, Rui Liu, George A. Kuchel, Andrew R. Wood, Brad Metcalf, Breno S. Diniz, Melvyn Hillsdon, Chia-Ling Kuo

Health Science Faculty Publications

Telomere shortening is a biological aging hallmark. The effect of short telomere length may be targeted by increased physical activity to reduce the risk of multiple aging-related diseases, including coronary heart disease (CHD). The objective was to assess the moderation effect of accelerometer-based physical activity (aPA) on the association between shorter leukocyte telomere length (LTL) relatively in the population sample and incident CHD. Data were from the UK Biobank participants with well-calibrated accelerometer data for at least 6.5 days (n = 54,180). Relative mean LTL at baseline (5–6 years prior to aPA assessment) was measured in T/S ratio, using a …

Oxidative Stress And Hepcidin Expression In Pediatric Sickle Cell Anemia With Iron Overload, Eman A. Elbostany, Eman A. Elghoroury, Eman H. Thabet, Alaa A. Rashad, Enas A. Rasheed, Gamila S.M. El-Saeed, Dalia A. Abdelhalim, Safa N. Abdelfattah, Iman I. Salama, Niveen Salama

Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy

Background: Blood transfusion (BT) is essential in treating sickle cell disease (SCD); however, it leads to iron overload (IO) and oxidative stress. We studied the relationship between oxidative stress, iron status parameters, hepcidin mRNA gene expression, and IO in SCD patients. Methods: We classified all SCD patients (n = 90) into two groups: Group I, 45 children (s.ferr itin 938 ng/mL) and Group II, 45 children (s.ferritin < 938 ng/mL). A total of 55 children, age and sex matched, participated as a control group. Malondialdehyde (MDA), nitrite, s.iron, s.total iron-binding capacity (sTIBC), transferrin saturation %, s.ferritin, s.hepcidin, and hepcidin mRNA gene expression were assessed. Results: Among SCD BT-dependent patients (>3 times/year), 63% were from Group I and 37% from Group II, p < .01. The two patient groups had significantly lower s.hepcidin and hepcidin gene expression than controls (p < .001). TIBC, s.iron, s.ferritin, transferrin saturation %, ferritin/ hepcidin ratio, and MDA levels were higher among SCD patients than controls (p < .001).

Group I had higher mean level of ferritin/hepcidin ratio and MDA than Group II (p < .01). The higher level of MDA and increased frequency of BT were the significant predicting risk factors for IO (p < .05). A receiver-operating characteristic curve indicates that MDA is the outstanding significant biomarker for high level of s.ferritin with subsequent IO progression. Conclusion: MDA may serve as a biomarker of oxidative stress and IO in SCD patients. This result paid attention for urgent initiation of antioxidant and chelation therapy on detecting increased MDA level.

Therapy-Related Acute Myeloid Leukemia In Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Survivors: Risk, Survival Outcomes And Prognostic Factor Analysis, Utsav Joshi, Adheesh Bhattarai, Suman Gaire, Pravash Budhathoki, Vishakha Agrawal, Roshan Subedi, Bishesh Sharma Poudyal, Prajwal Dhakal, Ronald Sham, Vijaya Raj Bhatt

Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy

Background: Therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia (tAML) is a serious complication in patients with Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) exposed to chemotherapy or radiation. This large database study aims to quantify the risk of tAML in NHL, and determine the impact of tAML on overall survival (OS) of patients with NHL. Materials and Methods: Patients diagnosed with NHL and de novo AML from 2009 to 2018 were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Multiple primary standardized incidence ratio (SIR) sessions of the SEER*Stat software were used to calculate SIR and absolute excess risk of tAML. Overall survival (OS) was evaluated …

Tumor Seeding Post Nutritional Support Implementation: A Rare Complication; A Scoping Review, Jumanah S. Alawfi, Reem M. Ragea, Sadeem S. Alrubaian

Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy

Cancer patients are at risk of malnutrition because of reduced intake that may occur as results of the disease itself or the treatment; making the oral intake a challenging task. Thus, nutritional support (NS) is used to deliver their nutrient requirements. Feeding tube site implantation for cancer patients has been reported after endoscopic feeding gastrostomy installation. This manuscript undertakes a structured database review to better understand this phenomenon. A structured search strategy was applied with Boolean operators for retrieving data from six search engines and selected reference lists. Thirty-three records were included. It found that the most common research design …

What Are Factors Influencing On Life Space Mobility In Cancer Survivors After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation? -Physical Function, Depression, Fatigue, Neighborhood Walkability, Or Employment Status?, Junichiro Inoue, Takashi Saito, Daisuke Makiura, Rei Ono, Hisayo Doi, Kimikazu Yakushijin, Yoshitada Sakai

Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy

Background/Objective: The amount of physical activity in daily life is important to maintain the physical and mental health of cancer survivors after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). As the physical activity is considered to be limited by the life space mobility (LSM), it is more important to maintain and expand the LSM in post-HSCT survivors. The purpose of this study was to clarify the factors that affect the LSM in post-HSCT survivors. Methods: Thirty cancer survivors after HSCT (14 women, mean age 52.0±12.3 years, 196-3,017 days post-HSCT) were included in this cross-sectional study. Patient characteristics, employment status, life space (Life …

Evaluation Of Janus Kinase 2 Exon 12 Mutations In Patients With Jak2v617f-Negative Polycythemia Vera, Sahar Khosravi, Bahram Chahardouli, Pouyan Ebrahimi, Fatemeh Naghdi Babaei, Kamran Alimoghadam, Shahrbano Rostami

Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy

Background and Objectives: Polycythemia vera (PV) is an acquired and clonal stem cell disorder characterized by abnormal erythropoiesis. The identification of a unique Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) gene mutation that leads to increased activity of the protein in patients with chronic myeloproliferative disorders has provided a beneficial diagnostic marker. In this study, we evaluated JAK2 exon 12 mutations in V617F-negative patients with PV.

Patients and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of patients with PV who had been referred to Shariati Hospital (Tehran, Iran) between 2013 and 2016. We tested all samples for leukemia and cell line using flow cytometry. …

Promoting Healthier Treatment Outcomes In Obese Cancer Patients Taking High Dose Methotrexate, Carly Dell'ova

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Cancer and obesity rates continue to rise, creating enormous public heath burdens to the individual and at the national and global levels, reducing quality of life, and increasing spending. Moreover, the relationships between cancer and obesity are not well understood. A commonly used chemotherapy for several types of cancer is high dose methotrexate (HDMTX). Along with chemotherapy, especially at high doses, comes toxicity to specific organs and the entire body. However, limited research has been conducted on obese cancer patients as they are often excluded from clinical studies. Practitioners need to better understand how to dose these patients to provide …

Early-Phase Drive To The Precursor Pool: Chloroviruses Dive Into The Deep End Of Nucleotide Metabolism, David Dunigan, Irina Agarkova, Ahmed Esmael, Sophie Alvarez, James L. Van Etten

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Viruses face many challenges on their road to successful replication, and they meet those challenges by reprogramming the intracellular environment. Two major issues challenging Paramecium bursaria chlorella virus 1 (PBCV-1, genus Chlorovirus, family Phycodnaviridae) at the level of DNA replication are (i) the host cell has a DNA G+C content of 66%, while the virus is 40%; and (ii) the initial quantity of DNA in the haploid host cell is approximately 50 fg, yet the virus will make approximately 350 fg of DNA within hours of infection to produce approximately 1000 virions per cell. Thus, the quality and quantity of …

The Persistence And Stabilization Of Auxiliary Genes In The Human Skin Virome, Ema H. Graham, Wesley A. Tom, Alison C. Neujahr, Michael Adamowicz, Jennifer Clarke, Joshua R. Herr, Samodha C. Fernando

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Background The human skin contains a diverse microbiome that provides protective functions against environmental pathogens. Studies have demonstrated that bacteriophages modulate bacterial community composition and facilitate the transfer of host-specific genes, potentially influencing host cellular functions. However, little is known about the human skin virome and its role in human health. Especially, how viral-host relationships influence skin microbiome structure and function is poorly understood.

Results Population dynamics and genetic diversity of bacteriophage communities in viral metagenomic data collected from three anatomical skin locations from 60 subjects at five different time points revealed that cutaneous bacteriophage populations are mainly composed of …

Short-Term Removal Of Exercise Impairs Glycemic Control In Older Adults: A Randomized Trial, Leryn J. Reynolds, Troy M. Williams, Joel E. Harden, Hannah M. Twiddy, Monica L. Kearney

Human Movement Sciences & Special Education Faculty Publications

Postprandial glycemia (PPG) predicts cardiovascular disease, and short-term physical inactivity increases PPG in young, active adults. Whether this occurs in older, active adults who may be more prone to bouts of inactivity is unknown. This study determined if postprandial interstitial glucose (PPIG) was impaired in active older adults following the removal of exercise for 3 days (NOEX) compared to active young adults. In this randomized, crossover study, 11 older (69.1 ± 1.9 years) and 9 young (32.8 ± 1.8 years) habitually active (≥90 min/week of exercise) adults completed 3-days of NOEX and 3-days of normal habitual exercise (EX), separated by …

The Effects Of Sex On Zebrafish Bone Metabolism, Simon Bagatto

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

I investigated the effects of diet and sex on zebrafish bone metabolism. Zebrafish were subjected to either a high-calorie or low-calorie diet over a five-week period. After this diet, zebrafish scales were used to measure alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) enzyme activity with a fluorescent substrate. The enzyme activities were markers of the osteoblasts (ALP) and the osteoclasts (TRAP). These data were compared among sex and diet of the zebrafish using a repeated measures ANOVA statistical test. I also measured the number of resorption lacunae per scale (another indicator of osteoclast activity). The results showed higher TRAP …

Halogen Bonding Interactions Of Haloaromatic Endocrine Disruptors And The Potential For Inhibition Of Iodothyronine Deiodinases, Craig A. Bayse

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Halogen bonding (XB) is a potential mechanism for the inhibition of the thyroid-activating/deactivating iodothyronine deiodinase family of selenoproteins through interactions with halogenated endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs). Trends in XB interactions were examined using density functional theory for a series of polyhalogenated dibenzo-1,4-dioxins, biphenyls, and other EDCs with methylselenolate, a simple model of the Dio active site selenocysteine. The strengths of the interactions depend upon the halogen (Br>Cl), the degree of substitution, and the position of the acceptor. In terms of donor-acceptor energies, interactions at the meta position are often the strongest, suggesting a link to the topology of THs, …

Strategic Priorities For Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation In The Emro Region, Syed Osman Ahmed, Riad El Fakih, Alaa Elhaddad, Amir Ali Hamidieh, Abdulghani Altbakhi, Qamar-Un-Nisa Chaudhry, Ali Bazarbachi, Salman Adil, Murtadha Al-Khabori, Tarek Ben Othman, Javid Gaziev, Mohamad Khalaf, Salem Alshammeri, Sultan Alotaibi, Mohammed Alshahrani, Mohamed Amine Bekadja, Ahmad Ibrahim, Adel Mohammed Al-Wahadneh, Muna Altarshi, Ahmad Alsaeed, Abdellah Madani, Miguel Abboud, Husam Abujazar, Mohamad Bakr, Ibraheem Abosoudah, Jean El Cheikh, Ahlam Almasari, Feras Alfraih, Helen Baldomero, Hassan Elsolh, Dietger Niederwieser, Naeem Chaudhri, Mahmoud Aljurf

Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy

The World Health Organization-designated Eastern Mediterranean region (EMRO) consists of 22 countries in North Africa and Western Asia with a collective population of over 679 million. The area comprises some of the wealthiest countries per capita income and some of the poorest. The population structure is also unique and contrasts with western countries, with a much younger population. The region sits in the heart of the thalassemia belt. Many countries have a significant prevalence of sickle cell disease, and cancer is on the rise in the region. Therefore, the strategic priorities for the growth and development of hematopoietic stem cell …

Heparanase Wildtype Is Associated With A Reduced Incidence Of Transplant-Associated Systemic Vasculopathies, Raphaela Mueckenhausen, Ju¨Rgen Fo¨Ll, Katharina Kleinschmidt, Anja Tro¨Ger, Muriel Malaise´, Daniel Wolff, Ernst Holler, Marie Matthes, Tilman Heise, Gunhild Sommer, Selim Corbacioglu

Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy

Some of the early complications of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) concerning the small vessels can be summarized as transplant-associated systemic vasculopathies (TASV). One enzyme known to play a major role in inflammation, tissue remodeling, and repair processes as well as tumor metastasis is heparanase (HPSE). HPSE genetic variants have recently been associated with significant influence on the risk of developing certain TASV such as a sinusoidal obstruction syndrome. This study aimed to validate the two known HPSE single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)—rs4693608 and rs4364254—as a genetic predictor of TASV in a cohort of 494 patients and were correlated retrospectively with …

Escalated Dose Donor Lymphocyte Infusion Treatment In Patients With Primary Immune Deficiencies After Hsct With Reducedintensity Conditioning Regimen, Tahani Ali, Maryam Behfar, Rashin Mohseni, Pourya Salajegheh, Maged Kheder, Faihaa Abou-Fakher, Zeynab Nikfetrat, Fahimeh Jafari, Parisa Naji, Amir Ali Hamidieh

Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy

Objective/Background: Mixed chimerism is a major concern after allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) using a reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) regimen in primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs). A donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) escalating dose regimen has been developed with the aim of reducing toxicity while preserving efficacy. However, the graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) development remains the most common and adverse effect of DLI and continues to be a limiting factor in its application, especially nonmalignant diseases such as PIDs. We prospectively evaluated PID patients after HSCT using RIC in Children s Medical Center, who were candidates for an escalating dose of DLI for MC …

Carfilzomib-Induced Thrombotic Microangiopathy: A Case Based Review, Nishant Jindal, Aditya Jandial, Arihant Jain, Deepesh Lad, Gaurav Prakash, Alka Khadwal, Ritambhra Nada, Jasmine Sethi, Jasmina Ahluwalia, Pankaj Malhotra

Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy

Carfilzomib is an irreversible proteasome inhibitor currently approved for the treatment of relapsed multiple myeloma. It has been implicated as a cause of thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) in several case reports. The incidence, risk factors, and treatment of carfilzomib-related TMA remain unclear. Here we describe the clinical presentation and outcome of a 58-year-old man with biopsy-proven TMA that occurred following treatment with carfilzomib-based therapy. We also reviewed the published literature with regard to the incidence, risk factors, treatment options, and outcome of carfilzomib-related TMA.

Serum Electrolyte And Metabolic Changes During Conditioning Of Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation In Patients With Autoimmune Diseases: A Prospective Study In A Single Institution., Brenda J. Méndez-Laureano, Moisés M. Gallardo-Pérez, Claudia Minutti-Zanella, Guillermo J. Ruiz-Argüelles

Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy

Background: A hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) includes a conditioning regimen which may cause unwanted metabolic changes. Objective: Analyze the changes in electrolytes, glucose, urea and glomerular filtration rate in patients with MS who underwent an autologous HSCT employing the “Mexican method”. Methods: Serum and urinary electrolytes, blood glucose, creatinine, uric acid and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were prospectively assessed on days -11, - 9, and 0 in a group of 75 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) receiving an autologous HSCT employing the “Mexican Method”, which includes high doses of both cyclophosphamide (Cy, 200 mg/Kg) and rituximab (1000 mg). …

Copy Number Alterations Of Aggressive Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors, Grace Zhang

Scripps Senior Theses

Pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) are tumors of the pituitary gland. Although most are benign, they can cause severe morbidity if compression of surrounding tissue and/or endocrinopathies occur.

Aggressive PitNETs are notably detrimental and difficult to predict, and their effects are further exacerbated by challenges in treatment. Although histological studies can detect certain markers of tumor aggressiveness, they are insufficient at wholly predicting PitNET aggressiveness, making the clinical behavior of PitNETs challenging to determine. Since treatment of aggressive tumors also remains suboptimal, this further results in negative impacts on health and quality of life.

Genetic markers, such as copy number variations …

Anti-Tick Vaccine Candidate Subolesin Is Important For Blood Feeding And Innate Immune Gene Expression In Soft Ticks, Krittika Nandy, Comfort Tamakloe, Daniel E. Sonenshine, Hameeda Sultana, Girish Neelakanta

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Subolesin is a conserved molecule in both hard and soft ticks and is considered as an effective candidate molecule for the development of anti-tick vaccine. Previous studies have reported the role of subolesin in blood feeding, reproduction, development, and gene expression in hard ticks. However, studies addressing the role of subolesin in soft ticks are limited. In this study, we report that subolesin is not only important in soft tick Ornithodoros turicata americanus blood feeding but also in the regulation of innate immune gene expression in these ticks. We identified and characterized several putative innate immune genes including Toll, Lysozyme …

Alternative Pharmacology: Exploring Ketamine Use For Treatment Resistant Mental Health Disorders, Kiersten L. Ash

Soaring: A Journal of Undergraduate Research

No abstract provided.

Late Onset Sheehan Syndrome 23 Years After Post-Partum Hemorrhage, Igbayilola Dosunmu, Ali Tariq Alvi, Sarah Kaufman, Ayesha Malik

East Florida Research Day 2023

Please see supplemental content for full abstract with figures and references.

Sheehan syndrome is defined as ischemic necrosis of pituitary gland following massive postpartum hemorrhage leading to panhypopituitarism. It has an insidious course with multitude of presentations. The majority of cases remain undiagnosed for many years after the delivery with average time following postpartum hemorrhage to diagnosis of Sheehan syndrome is believed to be almost 13 years according to one study. Here, we present a unique case of late onset of Sheehan syndrome 23 years after the last childbirth which was complicated by hemorrhage. To our knowledge, this is the …

Ultrasound Of Fetal Long Bone Ossification Centers As A Predictor Of Fetal Lung Maturity In Pregnant Ladies Scheduled For Elective Cesarean Section, Hala Mohammed Abu Zeid, Mohammed Tawfik Sayed, Abdelhady Zayed, Alhussein Ahmed Mohamed

Mansoura Medical Journal

ABSTRACT Background: In handling of pregnancy with elevated risk, fetal lung maturity (FLM) prediction is crucial. Long bone epiphyseal ossification centers (OCs) are considered to be a helpful predictor of (FLM), moreover, they can precisely identified and assessed easily. Aim: This research is trying to find out whether there is an association between OCs identification and FLM. Methods: This prospective study was carried out at the Mansoura University Hospital outpatient obstetric clinic. The Obstetrics and Gynaecology division at Mansoura University Hospitals recruited 100 full-term pregnant women. The major OCs were detected via ultrasound (US) as egg-shaped echo-rich zones. They were …

Exposure To Pcb126 During The Nursing Period Reversibly Impacts Early-Life Glucose Tolerance, Brittany B. Rice, Keegan W. Sammons, Sara Y. Ngo Tenlep, Madeline T. Weltzer, Leryn J. Reynolds, Cetewayo S. Rashid, Hollie I. Swanson, Kevin J. Pearson

Human Movement Sciences & Special Education Faculty Publications

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent environmental organic pollutants known to have detrimental health effects. Using a mouse model, we previously demonstrated that PCB126 exposure before and during pregnancy and throughout the perinatal period adversely affected offspring glucose tolerance and/or body composition profiles. The purpose of this study was to investigate the glucose tolerance and body composition of offspring born to dams exposed to PCB126 during the nursing period only. Female ICR mice were bred, and half of the dams were exposed to either vehicle (safflower oil) or 1 µmole PCB126 per kg of body weight via oral gavage on postnatal …

The Effect Of Training Program On Autism Spectrum Quotient Scores, Hossein Nazary Sharif, Sarvin Salar, Justin Anthony Haegele

Human Movement Sciences & Special Education Faculty Publications

Background: Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) functions as an evaluative instrument designed to assess traits associated with autism. Variances exist within the brain of individuals on the autism spectrum. Moreover, certain exercises have the potential to impact specific regions of the brain.

Aim: This study aims to investigate how the program training of this study impact Autism—Spectrum Quotient.

Materials and Methods: Forty-two children aged 7-10 years with ASD were recruited to participate in this study. These children were randomly divided into two groups: the control group (N=10, 7.80±1.35 years) and the experimental group (N=32, age: 8.16±1.16 years). The experimental group underwent …

Obesity During Adolescence And Feeding Practices During Infancy: Cross-Sectional Study, Reem Sharaf-Alddin, Radhia Almathkoori, Hara Kostakis, Ahmed N. Albatineh, Abdullah Al-Taiar, Muge Akpinar-Elci

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Background: Breastfeeding is proposed to play a role in reducing the risk of obesity throughout life. Kuwait has an extremely high prevalence of childhood obesity (45% of adolescents are overweight/obese) and extremely low breastfeeding indicators, particularly exclusive breastfeeding. In fact, little is known about the association between breastfeeding and obesity from Kuwait and the broader Middle East.

Aims: To estimate the prevalence of overweight/obesity in female adolescents in Kuwait and assess its association with breastfeeding during infancy.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that included 775 girls randomly selected from public and private high schools in Kuwait. The primary exposure …

Analysis Of Biologically Effective Dose For Retroactive Yttrium-90 Trans-Arterial Radioembolization Treatment Optimization, Mj Lindsey

CMC Senior Theses

Trans-arterial radioembolization (TARE) is a protracted modality of radiation therapy where radionuclides labeled with Yttrium-90 (⁹⁰Y) are inserted inside a patient's hepatic artery to treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). While TARE has been shown to be a clinically effective and safe treatment, there is little understanding of the radiobiological relationship between absorbed dose and tissue response, and thus there is no dosimetric standard for treatment planning. The Biologically Effective Dose (BED) formalism, derived from the Linear-Quadratic model of radiobiology, is used to weigh the absorbed dose by the time pattern of delivery. BED is a virtual dose that can …

The Influence Of Administrative Timing In Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Treatments, Emily Mailloux

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Breast cancer accounts for 25% of all cancers in Canadian women, and 15-20% of these are triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC), which have a poorer prognosis than other breast cancer subtypes. TNBC lacks expression of the estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), which are common therapeutic targets in breast cancer. Due to the lack of target therapy, generalized chemotherapy treatments are used instead. The standard of care for treatment of TNBC instead consists of doxorubicin (A), cyclophosphamide (C) paclitaxel (T), and carboplatin (Carbo), that target various aspects of the cell cycle to induce cell …

Visualization And Characterization Of The Immunological Synapse Between Chlorotoxin Chimeric Antigen (Cltx-Car) Redirected T Cells And Targeted Glioblastoma Tumors, Arianna Livi

CMC Senior Theses

Chimeric Antigen Receptor T (CAR-T) cells have demonstrated anti-tumor activity against aggressive and invasive cancers such as glioblastoma (GBM); however, clinical response rates remain low in clinical trial studies. Tumor heterogeneity and tumor microenvironment conditions pose significant challenges for treatment of GBM, thus continuous optimization of CAR-T cell therapies and identification of novel, widely expressed, and highly specific GBM antigens are vital to better patient outcomes. A newly developed CAR-T cell construct incorporating chlorotoxin (CLTX) as the targeting domain exhibited broad GBM-targeting capabilities and elicited potent cytotoxic effects during preclinical studies and is currently being tested in a phase I …

Association Of The Bb Genotype Of The Abo Gene With The Risk Of Acute Myocardial Infarction In Hospital-Based Study, Farzana Abubakar Yousuf, Iqbal Azam Syed, Asal Khan Tareen, Khawar A. Kazmi, Jibran Sualeh Muhammad, Mohammad Perwaiz Iqbal

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

Objectives: The ABO gene locus has been identified to be associated with myocardial infarction in patients with coronary heart disease. The primary focus of this hospital-based study was to explore the relationship of ABO blood groups and ABO genotypes with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in Karachi, Pakistan.
Methods: In a comparative cross-sectional study, an equal number of adult AMI patients and healthy controls (n=275 in each group; age range 30-70 years, both males and females) were recruited from the Aga Khan University and NICVD, Karachi, with informed consent. The blood samples were analyzed for ABO blood groups and other biomarkers. …