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Articles 241 - 263 of 263
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Polychaetes As Annelid Models To Study Ecoimmunology Of Marine Organisms, Virginie Cuvillier-Hot, Céline Boidin-Wichlacz, Aurélie Tasiemski
Polychaetes As Annelid Models To Study Ecoimmunology Of Marine Organisms, Virginie Cuvillier-Hot, Céline Boidin-Wichlacz, Aurélie Tasiemski
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
Annelids are among the first coelomates and are therefore of special phylogenetic interest. They constitute an important part of the biomass of the seashore, estuaries, fresh water and terrestrial soils. Moreover, they occupy a central position in the trophic networks, as a major food source for fishes, birds and terrestrial fauna. Among Annelids, the large majority of polychaetes is restricted to the marine domain. This report gives an overview of the immune strategies developed by polychaetes to fight pathogens. The potential and interest to use these worms as biomarkers to monitor the influence of environmental perturbation on the immunity of …
Assessing The Potential Bacterial Origin Of The Chemical Diversity In Calcareous Sponges, Elodie Quévrain, Mélanie Roué, Isabelle Domart-Coulon, Marie-Lise Bourguet-Kondracki
Assessing The Potential Bacterial Origin Of The Chemical Diversity In Calcareous Sponges, Elodie Quévrain, Mélanie Roué, Isabelle Domart-Coulon, Marie-Lise Bourguet-Kondracki
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
The chemodiversity and cultivable bacterial diversity of temperate calcareous sponges were investigated in a time series of collection of two sponges, Leuconia johnstoni (Baerida, Calcaronea) collected from the northeastern Atlantic Ocean and Clathrina clathrus (Clathrinida, Calcinea) collected from the northwestern Mediterranean Sea, using combined chemical and microbiological approaches. Bacteria were visualized in tissue sections of these sponges with Gram staining and in situ hybridization. The sponge crude extracts revealed annually persistent biological activities against reference human pathogen strains: L. johnstoni extracts displayed antimicrobial activity against a Gram positive Staphylococcus aureus strain; C. clathrus extracts displayed a broad spectrum of antimicrobial …
Evolution Of Vacuolar Pyrophosphatases And Vacuolar H+-Atpases In Diatoms, Adrien Bussard, Pascal Jean Lopez
Evolution Of Vacuolar Pyrophosphatases And Vacuolar H+-Atpases In Diatoms, Adrien Bussard, Pascal Jean Lopez
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
To cope with changing environments and maintain optimal metabolic conditions, the control of the intracellular proton gradients has to be tightly regulated. Among the important proton pumps, vacuolar H+ -ATPases (V-ATPases) and H+ - translocating pyrophosphatases (H+ -PPases) were found to be involved in a number of physiological processes, and shown to be regulated at the expression level and to exhibit specific sub-cellular localizations. Studies of the role of these transporters are relatively scarce in algae and nearly absent in diatoms. Phylogenetic analyses disclose that diatoms, with both K+ -dependent and K+ -independent membrane integral pyrophosphatases, including proteins with high …
Diversity Of Bacterial Communities On Sunken Woods In The Mediterranean Sea, Sandrine Bessette, Sonja K. Fagervold, Chiara Romano, Daniel Martin, Nadine Le Bris, Pierre E Galand
Diversity Of Bacterial Communities On Sunken Woods In The Mediterranean Sea, Sandrine Bessette, Sonja K. Fagervold, Chiara Romano, Daniel Martin, Nadine Le Bris, Pierre E Galand
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
Sunken woods are very rich and diverse ecosystems supporting large macrofaunal diversity and representing a source of carbon and energy for any heterotrophic organism able to consume plant material, and those relying on specialized microbial taxa. However, relatively little is known about the microbial communities that degrade sunken woods and produce reduced compounds that serve as energy sources for chemosynthetic lifestyles. The purpose of this study was to explore the bacterial diversity developing on and within sunken woods in a NW Mediterranean submarine canyon and its adjacent slope by using 16S rRNA genes survey. We described communities from Pine wood …
Hydrothermal Vent Effluents Affect Life Stages Of The Copepod Tisbe Sp, Hans-Uwe Dahms, Li-Chun Tseng, Derek Moo-Chul Shim, Jiang-Shiou Hwang
Hydrothermal Vent Effluents Affect Life Stages Of The Copepod Tisbe Sp, Hans-Uwe Dahms, Li-Chun Tseng, Derek Moo-Chul Shim, Jiang-Shiou Hwang
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
We examined the environmental effects of various concentrations of hydrothermal vent (HV) effluents on growth, reproduction, and survivorship of the Tisbe sp. harpacticoid copepod that were retrieved from localities near the vent. Developmental stages (nauplii and copepodids) were exposed to various concentrations of HV effluents in a static renewal culture system. In the survivorship experiments, we tested 3 distinct developmental phases in HV effluent dilutions from 50% to 1%. The HV effluents considerably reduced the survivorship of the naupliar stages at concentrations of >1% (P < 0.05); all nauplii died at concentrations of 25% and 50%. The copepodids were considerably affected at concentrations of >1% in Tisbe sp. (P < 0.05), and no copepodid survived at 50% (P < 0.01). The adult females died at a 50% concentration in Tisbe sp. The developmental duration was not considerably affected in the naupliar or copepodid phases; however, it exhibited a trend of developmental delay. The naupliar development of Tisbe sp. was substantially delayed at a concentration of 10% (P < 0.01), whereas copepodids and adults only exhibited a trend of delayed development with increasing HV concentration. The endpoint mortality exhibited a greater sensitivity to chemical exposure than the endpoint development time. The early developmental stages of Tisbe sp. in both traits were more sensitive to HV effluents than advanced stages. Mortality was a useful toxicological endpoint compared that of developmental duration. We demonstrated that Tisbe sp. may be used in the monitoring of acute and life cycle effects of natural marine pollution caused by HV effluents.
The Ipocamp Pressure Incubator For Deep-Sea Fauna, Bruce Shillito, Françoise Gaill, Juliette Ravaux
The Ipocamp Pressure Incubator For Deep-Sea Fauna, Bruce Shillito, Françoise Gaill, Juliette Ravaux
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
Animal Biology studies have always benefited from the achievement of experiments on live animals, which obviously provide data on dynamic aspects of physiology. When it comes to deep-sea fauna, in vivo experiments are impaired, and in some cases impossible, due to the severe and often lethal stress experienced by animals throughout the sampling process. However, freshly collected deep fauna may be maintained alive and in good condition, by using specific aquaria which restore environmental conditions prevailing at depth in situ. Here we describe the pressure device named “Incubateur Pressurisé pour l’Observation et la Culture d’Animaux Marins Profonds”, or IPOCAMP, and …
Sequence Diversity Of Ammonium Transporter Genes In Cultured And Natural Species Of Marine Phytoplankton, Lee-Kuo Kang, Jeng Chang
Sequence Diversity Of Ammonium Transporter Genes In Cultured And Natural Species Of Marine Phytoplankton, Lee-Kuo Kang, Jeng Chang
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
The sequence database of ammonium transporter (Amt1) genes in eukaryotic phytoplankton was expanded by obtaining new sequences from cultured strains and natural populations collected in the East China Sea (ECS). From unialgal cultures, 6 new Amt1 sequences belonging to the Bacillariophyceae, Dinophyceae, and Prasinophyceae were obtained. A phylogenetic analysis revealed that AMT1s of higher plants were most closely related to those in green algae. In addition, haptophyte and diatom AMT1s formed distinct monophyletic clades. Diatom AMT1s were further divided into 3 orthologous subclasses, and active gene duplications were observed in subclass III. As for mixed-species sequencing using ECS samples, 78 …
Neurogenesis In Cephalopods: "Eco-Evo-Devo" Approach In The Cuttlefish Sepia Officinalis (Mollusca-Cephalopoda), Sandra Navet, Sébastien Baratte, Yann Bassaglia, Aude Andouche, Auxane Buresi, Laure Bonnaud
Neurogenesis In Cephalopods: "Eco-Evo-Devo" Approach In The Cuttlefish Sepia Officinalis (Mollusca-Cephalopoda), Sandra Navet, Sébastien Baratte, Yann Bassaglia, Aude Andouche, Auxane Buresi, Laure Bonnaud
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
Cephalopods are new evolutionary and ecological models. By their phylogenetic position (Lophotrochozoa, Mollusca), they provide a missing master piece in the whole puzzle of neurodevelopment studies. Their derived and specific nervous system but also their convergence with vertebrates offer abundant materials to question the evolution and development of the nervous system of Metazoa (evo-devo studies). In addition, their various adaptions to different modes of life open new fields of investigation of developmental plasticity according to ecological context (eco-evo-devo approach). In this paper, we review the recent works on cephalopod nervous developmental investigations. We show how cephalopods, and especially Sepia officinalis, …
Traditional Vs New Approaches For Assessing Coral Health: A Global Overview And The Paradigm Of French Polynesia, Laetitia Hédouin, Véronique Berteaux-Lecellier
Traditional Vs New Approaches For Assessing Coral Health: A Global Overview And The Paradigm Of French Polynesia, Laetitia Hédouin, Véronique Berteaux-Lecellier
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
Today, there is increasing concern regarding the capacity of Scleractinian corals to sustain the growing number of insults associated with global and local changes (e.g. global warming, ocean acidification, pollution). If corals are to exist, there is an urgent need to use indicators of coral health that provide insight into early sub lethal shifts in corals before the irreversible effects of exposure manifest at the population and community levels. This paper will provide an overview of the most relevant and appropriate indicators of coral health currently used in traditional monitoring programs (traditional approach) or those that could be used in …
Crustacean Hyperglycemic Hormone: Structural Variants, Physiological Function, And Cellular Mechanism Of Action, Chi-Ying Lee, Kuo-Wei Tsai, Wei-Shiun Tsai, Jia-Ying Jiang,, Yan-Jhou Chen
Crustacean Hyperglycemic Hormone: Structural Variants, Physiological Function, And Cellular Mechanism Of Action, Chi-Ying Lee, Kuo-Wei Tsai, Wei-Shiun Tsai, Jia-Ying Jiang,, Yan-Jhou Chen
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
Crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (CHH) is a peptide hormone originally identified in the X-organ/sinus gland (XO/ SG) complex of the eyestalks. It belongs to the CHH family which also includes molt-inhibiting hormone (MIH), vitellogenesis-inhibiting hormone (VIH), and mandibular organinhibiting hormone (MOIH), and ion transport peptide (ITP). Multiple molecular variants of CHH are generated by both post-transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms. In addition to the XO/SG complex, CHH gene is widely expressed in many extra-eyestalk tissues. Functionally, available data indicate that CHH is involved with the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism and stress-induced hyperglycemia. Several other physiological processes, including molting, ion and water balance, …
Influence Of The Marine Environment Variability On The Yellowfin Tuna (Thunnus Albacares) Catch Rate By The Taiwanese Longline Fishery In The Arabian Sea, With Special Reference To The High Catch In 2004, Kuo-Wei Lan, Tom Nishida, Ming-An Lee, Hsueh-Jung Lu, Hsiang-Wen Huang, Shui-Kai Chang, Yang-Chi Lan
Influence Of The Marine Environment Variability On The Yellowfin Tuna (Thunnus Albacares) Catch Rate By The Taiwanese Longline Fishery In The Arabian Sea, With Special Reference To The High Catch In 2004, Kuo-Wei Lan, Tom Nishida, Ming-An Lee, Hsueh-Jung Lu, Hsiang-Wen Huang, Shui-Kai Chang, Yang-Chi Lan
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
In this study, we collected Taiwanese longline (LL) fishery data and environment variables during the period of 1998- 2004 to investigate the relationship between LL catch data of yellowfin tuna (YFT) and oceanic environmental factors using a principal component analysis (PCA). Results of the PCA showed that monthly variations in catch per unit effort (CPUE) values were significantly correlated with the sea surface temperature (SST), subsurface temperature at 105 m, thermocline depth (horizontal) gradient magnitude, chlorophyll-a concentration, and fish size. April and May were the warmest months of the year in terms of the SST, and the thermocline was generally …
Double-Power Double-Heterostructure Light-Emitting Diodes In Microalgae, Spirulina Platensis And Nannochloropsis Oculata, Cultures, Yean-Chang Chen, Meng-Chou Lee
Double-Power Double-Heterostructure Light-Emitting Diodes In Microalgae, Spirulina Platensis And Nannochloropsis Oculata, Cultures, Yean-Chang Chen, Meng-Chou Lee
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
The growth conditions of two microalgae, Spirulina platensis and Nannochloropsis oculata, were tested under various light sources including white cold DDH GaAlAs LED, traditional fluorescent lamps and natural light cultures, with no difference found in the growth of biomass, indicating that white cold DDH GaAlAs LED could replace traditional fluorescent lamps, thus providing for large saving on electricity costs and preservation of cultural space. To date, the use of white cold DDH GaAlAs LEDs as light source for microalgal cultures seems to be largely unstudied.
Thermal Impacts Of A Coal Power Plant On The Plankton In An Open Coastal Water Environment, Keun-Hyung Choi, Young-Ok Kim, Joon-Baek Lee, Soon-Young Wang, Man-Woo Lee, Pyung-Gang Lee, Dong-Sik Ahn, Jae-Sang Hong, Ho-Young Soh
Thermal Impacts Of A Coal Power Plant On The Plankton In An Open Coastal Water Environment, Keun-Hyung Choi, Young-Ok Kim, Joon-Baek Lee, Soon-Young Wang, Man-Woo Lee, Pyung-Gang Lee, Dong-Sik Ahn, Jae-Sang Hong, Ho-Young Soh
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
Over a five-year period, this study examined the overall impact of coal power plant cooling processes on entrained copepods and the local plankton community on the west coast of Korea. Mortality differences between the intake and discharge water of the single most dominant copepod, Acartia hongi, were positively correlated with temperature differences between the two locations. Laboratory tests showed copepod sensitivity to temperature increase, and with very low chlorine concentration applied, thermal stress was the major source of copepod mortality. Chlorophyll a concentration, ciliate abundance, and total copepod abundance at the intake showed no discernable differences from the values at …
Perspectives Of Underwater Optics In Biological Oceanography And Plankton Ecology Studies, Hans-Uwe Dahms, Jiang-Shiou Hwang
Perspectives Of Underwater Optics In Biological Oceanography And Plankton Ecology Studies, Hans-Uwe Dahms, Jiang-Shiou Hwang
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
The ever expanding fields of UW (underwater) optics cover principal measurements of the optical properties of the sea, development of new methods of monitoring optical properties, techniques for measurements of organisms or structures in the sea and the development and application of optical instrumentation. In this respect, ocean optics is a multidisciplinary (and multinational) endeavour of science and engineering. Ocean optics has applications in the study of upwelling irradiance and chlorophyll concentrations in the ocean, in the penetration of solar radiation in shallow shelf seas and how this influences temperature profiles and ultimately its effect on sound propagation. Recent development …
Influence Of Surface Currents On Post-Nesting Migration Of Green Sea Turtles Nesting On Wan-An Island, Penghu Archipelago, Taiwan, I-Jiunn Cheng, Yu-Huai Wang
Influence Of Surface Currents On Post-Nesting Migration Of Green Sea Turtles Nesting On Wan-An Island, Penghu Archipelago, Taiwan, I-Jiunn Cheng, Yu-Huai Wang
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
The relationships between ambient flows and the migration corridors of green turtles (Chelonia mydas) nesting at Wan-an Island, Penghu Archipelago in Taiwan Strait were determined. Six turtles deployed with Argos-linked satellite tags from 1996 to 2004 were used. The ambient flows were derived from the combination of ship board measurements, a global tidal model, and the geostrophic flows derived from sea surface height anomalies. The results showed that there were, basically, three migrating patterns. Turtles that migrated northeastward rode the main surface currents, traveling 2000 km in a month. The swimming speeds along the track were less than 0.5 m …
A New Species Of Gobiid Fish,Luciogobius From Ryukyus, Japan(Teleostei: Gobiidae), I-Shiung Chen, Toshiyuki Suzuki, Hiroshi Senou
A New Species Of Gobiid Fish,Luciogobius From Ryukyus, Japan(Teleostei: Gobiidae), I-Shiung Chen, Toshiyuki Suzuki, Hiroshi Senou
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
A new gobiid fish has been collected from Ryukyu Archipelagos of Japan. This species is described herein as a new species, Luciogobius ryukyuensis sp. nov. It is characterized by the following unique combination of features: (1) second dorsal fin rays: I/11 and anal fin rays I/11; (2) pectoral fin rays 16 and with one upper, very short free soft ray; (3) vertebral count 37; and (4) specific coloration: head and body with many rounded light creamy white spots above creamy yellow to yellowish brown background. A diagnostic key to all nominal species of Luciogobius from West Pacific are provided herein.
Web-Based Information Management System For The Long Term Ecological Research Program In Kenting, Taiwan, Yang-Chi Chang, Meng-Tsung Lee, Kun-Chi Lai
Web-Based Information Management System For The Long Term Ecological Research Program In Kenting, Taiwan, Yang-Chi Chang, Meng-Tsung Lee, Kun-Chi Lai
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
This paper introduces a web-based information management system which has been set up as a collaborative facility to allow key environmental and ecological information access for the Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) in Kenting, Taiwan. The coral reef ecosystem degradation in Kenting has concerned both public and private sectors, for which a LTER team was formed to investigate the problem. A multi-functional web-based system integrates diverse data collections and analyses efforts of team members during the project span. It also provides authorities with effective information and knowledge for sustainable coral reef management. Three information technologies, web Database Management System (DBMS), …
New Record Of The Rare Amphidromous Gobiid Genus, Lentipes (Teleostei:Gobiidae) From Taiwan With The Comparison Of Japanese Population, I-Shiung Chen, Toshiyuki Suzuki, You-Hua Cheng, Chiao-Chuan Han, Yu-Min Ju, Lee-Shing Fang
New Record Of The Rare Amphidromous Gobiid Genus, Lentipes (Teleostei:Gobiidae) From Taiwan With The Comparison Of Japanese Population, I-Shiung Chen, Toshiyuki Suzuki, You-Hua Cheng, Chiao-Chuan Han, Yu-Min Ju, Lee-Shing Fang
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
The very rare species of sicydiine gobiid genus, Lentipes Günther, 1861 has been found first time from Taiwanese waters. The species can be identified as Lentipes armatus Sakai and Nakamura, 1979 previously proposed as Japanese endemic species, and was listed in the 5-star ranking red-list as one critically endangered species of Japan. The diagnosis and redescription of current species from Taiwanese and Japanese specimens are reported herein. The distribution range of current rare species extends to Taiwan including Lanyu (Orchid island) off eastern coast proved that this species is not Japanese endemic. The morphological comparison of Taiwan and Japanese populations …
New Records Of Deep-Sea Cusk Eels,Dicrolene Tristis And Bassozetus Multispinis (Ophidiiformes: Ophidiidae) From Taiwan, Mao-Ying Lee, Ding-An Lee, Hong-Ming Chen
New Records Of Deep-Sea Cusk Eels,Dicrolene Tristis And Bassozetus Multispinis (Ophidiiformes: Ophidiidae) From Taiwan, Mao-Ying Lee, Ding-An Lee, Hong-Ming Chen
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
This paper reports two new record species of deep-sea cusk eels, Dicrolene tristis and Bassozetus multispinis, which were recently collected by Fishery Research Institute of Taiwan from the southern (22°01’N, 120°09’E; 22°11’N, 121°02’E) and eastern (24°16’N, 122°11’E) Taiwan waters at depths more than 1000 m. D. tristis were characterized by two median and a pair of basibranchial teeth patches; B. multispinis had one basibranchial teeth patch and short pelvic fin ray. The latter species was reported to be only distributed in the Indian ocean at the depths from 1,500-2,000 m.
Copepods From Shore And Offshore Waters Of Pakistan, Quddusi B. Kazmi
Copepods From Shore And Offshore Waters Of Pakistan, Quddusi B. Kazmi
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
This report is a history of copepodology based on the review of previously recorded species of copepods from Pakistan (Arabian Sea) by Pakistani workers and other contemporary surveys. The plankton samples studied are the epipelagic copepods collected during the Northern Arabian Sea Ecological and Environmental Research (NASEER) Cruise I (January 7-22, 1992) and Cruise IV (May 10-21, 1994). Some planktonic and phytal species obtained from a U.S. Office of Naval Research (ONR) project (1993-1995) on living resources in nearshore waters, and interstitial species obtained during a preliminary survey ONR (1998-2000) of the interstitial copepods carried out for the first time …
The Fishing Ground Formation Of Sergestid Shrimp (Sergia Lucens) In The Coastal Waters Of Southwestern Taiwan, Kuo-Tien Lee, Cheng-Hsin Liao, Wei-Cheng Su, Sheng-Hsiung Hsieh, Hsueh-Jung Lu
The Fishing Ground Formation Of Sergestid Shrimp (Sergia Lucens) In The Coastal Waters Of Southwestern Taiwan, Kuo-Tien Lee, Cheng-Hsin Liao, Wei-Cheng Su, Sheng-Hsiung Hsieh, Hsueh-Jung Lu
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
The aggregation mechanism of sergestid shrimp (Sergia lucens) in the coastal waters of southwestern Taiwan was studies based on the eleven monthly cruises data including temperature, salinity, nutrients, phytoplankton and zooplankton, collected by research vessel Hai-Fu from August 1999 to June 2000. Mean while, the CPUE (kg/hour) of the shrimp were also estimated from 16 selected sampling vessels. The results indicated that the shrimp aggregates near two major fishing grounds Kaoping River estuary and Fangliao canyon in the coastal waters of southwestern Taiwan at the depth stratum from 100 to 200m, water temperature in the range of 15-22°C and salinity …
Biopotentials Of Ulva Fasciata And Hypnea Musciformis Collected From The Peninsular Coast Of India, Joseph Selvin, Aaron Premnath Lipton
Biopotentials Of Ulva Fasciata And Hypnea Musciformis Collected From The Peninsular Coast Of India, Joseph Selvin, Aaron Premnath Lipton
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
The secondary metabolites of seaweeds Ulva fasciata and Hypnea musciformis, collected form southeast and southwest coast of India, were tested for biotoxicity potential. Both species showed potent activity in antibacterial, brine shrimp cytotoxicity, larvicidal, antifouling and ichthyotoxicity assays. The green alga U. fasciata exhibited broad-spectrum antibacterial activity whereas the red alga H. musciformis showed narrow spectrum antibacterial activity. The brine shrimp cytotoxicity profile indicated that the seaweeds were moderately toxic. The overall activity profile indicated that U. fasciata contained more biological potency than H. musciformis.
Modified Phase Contrast Microscopy And Its Applications To The Observation Of Marine Biological Objects, Ming Chang Shih, Jiang-Shiou Hwang
Modified Phase Contrast Microscopy And Its Applications To The Observation Of Marine Biological Objects, Ming Chang Shih, Jiang-Shiou Hwang
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
We demonstrate the imaging technique for the study of marine micro-biota (e.g. size ranged from um to cm) by modifying the Fourier optics with a near IR illuminating source to improve the contrast of the high spatial frequency images and to reveal the micro-structure of the observed biological object. We also present the application of this system to the study of swimming behavior of the Artemia in free space, and the detailed structure of the spines and podia of the sea urchin. The imaging system is consisted of a collimated laser beam, a high pass Fourier optics transform system, a …