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Identifying Brachypodium Distachyon Proteins Interacting With Histone Deacetylase Bdhd1, Alberto Giovanni Torrez

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Current evidence has revealed the involvement of epigenetic mechanisms, including histone deacetylases (HDACs), in plant stress responses. In Arabidopsis thaliana, HDA19, belonging to the RPD3/HDA1 class, interacts with transcription factors to form repressor complexes. HDAC research mainly exists for dicotyledons, whereas research on monocotyledons is limited. Brachypodium distachyon is used as a model plant to investigate questions unique to monocot crops. BdHD1 is the closest homologous gene to HDA19 in B. distachyon. This study investigated potential protein-protein interactions between BdHD1 and each of BdMYB22, BdWRKY24, and BdHOS15. Protein interactions were investigated using yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) and bimolecular fluorescence …

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Brachypodium Distachyon Histone Deacetylase Bdhd1: A Positive Regulator In Aba Sensitivity And Drought Tolerance, Jingpu Song

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Despite evidence that specific histone deacetylases (HDACs) play important roles in the abiotic stress responses of plants, their roles in the stress responses of monocot plants remain largely unexplored. I investigated a HDAC gene, Bradi3g08060 (BdHD1), in the monocot Brachypodium distachyon (Brachypodium). The Brachypodium BdHD1-overexpression (OE) plants displayed a hypersensitive phenotype to abscisic acid (ABA) and exhibited higher survival under drought conditions. Conversely, the BdHD1-RNAi plants were insensitive to ABA and had low survival under drought stress. Based on ChIP-Seq at the genome-wide level, overexpressing BdHD1 led to lower H3K9 acetylation at the …

Uncovering The Genetic Basis For Biofuel-Related Traits In Brachypodium Distachyon, Scott J. Lee

Doctoral Dissertations

Biofuels derived from plant biomass present a promising avenue to address the negative aspects of fossil-fuel dependence. The sustainability of biofuel production relies in part on the efficient degradation of lignocellulosic feedstocks. In order to capitalize on the potential of lignocellulosic biofuels, the genes underlying natural genetic variation for conversion efficiency must be determined. We have developed a robust and high-throughput assay to measure feedstock quality using the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium phytofermentans. We have measured biomass accumulation phenotypes and utilized this assay to perform quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping and a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in the model grass species …

Biochemistry And Evolution Of The Phytohormone-Methylating Sabath Methyltransferase In Plants, Minta Chaiprasongsuk

Doctoral Dissertations

Known members of Phytohormone-methylating compounds are plant synthesis compounds that serve as attractants of other living organisms beneficial to the plants or as defense against other biotic as well as abiotic agents. To increase their fitness and survival in a stressful environment plants produce distinct sets of phytohormone-methylating compounds. Plant genomes can encode the necessary enzymes to acquire the ability to make new specialized compounds during evolution. This dissertation aims to investigate the biochemical and biological functions and evolution of SABATH genes in different lineages of plants. Black cottonwood, Brachypodium and Norway spruce genome were used as the model for …

Understanding The Transcriptional Regulation Of Secondary Cell Wall Biosynthesis In The Model Grass Brachypodium Distachyon, Pubudu Handakumbura

Doctoral Dissertations

Secondary cell wall synthesis occurs in specialized cell types following completion of cell enlargement. By virtue of mechanical strength provided by a wall thickened with cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin, these cells can function as water-conducting vessels and provide structural support. Several transcription factor families regulate genes encoding wall synthesis enzymes. Certain NAC and MYB proteins directly bind upstream of structural genes and other transcription factors. The most detailed model of this regulatory network is established predominantly for a eudicot, Arabidopsis thaliana. In grasses, both the patterning and the composition of secondary cell walls are distinct from that of eudicots. …

Comparative Genome Analysis Between Agrostis Stolonifera And Members Of The Pooideae Subfamily Including Brachypodium Distachyon, Loreto P. Araneda

Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014

Understanding of grass genome structure and evolution has been significantly advanced through comparative genomics. The genomes of most cool-season forage and turf grasses, belonging to the Pooideae subfamily of the grasses, remain understudied. Creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) is one of the most important cool-season turfgrasses due to its low mowing tolerance and aggressive growth habit. An RFLP genetic map of creeping bentgrass using 229 RFLP markers derived from cereal and creeping bentgrass EST-RFLP probes was constructed for a comparative genome analysis. This genetic map was compared with those of perennial ryegrass, oat, wheat, and rice. Large-scale chromosomal rearrangements …