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Articles 61 - 90 of 165
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Seasonal Changes And Overwintering Of Endoparasites In The Bat (Myotis Lucifugus) In A Southeastern Wisconsin Hibernaculum, James R. Coggins
Seasonal Changes And Overwintering Of Endoparasites In The Bat (Myotis Lucifugus) In A Southeastern Wisconsin Hibernaculum, James R. Coggins
Field Station Bulletins
Eight digenetic trematode species (Phylum Platyhelminthes, Subclass Digena), one cestode species (Phylum Platyhelminthes, Class Cestoidea) and three nematode species (Phylum Nematoda) were recovered from the little brown bat, Myotis lucifugus, at the Neda Mine hibernaculum in southeastern Wisconsin. Bats displayed a rich and diverse helminth fauna throughout the year. Statistically significant seasonal variation was observed for two digenetic trematodes. Mean intensities and prevalence of parasites were highest in autumn and spring and lowest in summer. Highest species diversity occurred in autumn. Greater intensity and prevalence in autumn and spring were correlated with bat swarming and emergence patterns, behavioral phenomena which …
Fungal Flora Of Southeastern Wisconsin, Kristine Ciombor, Martyn J. Dibben
Fungal Flora Of Southeastern Wisconsin, Kristine Ciombor, Martyn J. Dibben
Field Station Bulletins
Since its reorganization in 1981, one goal of the Wisconsin Mycological Society has been a comprehensive long-term survey of fleshy and other fungi of southeastern Wisconsin. Over a period of years, random collections are to be made at a series of selected foray sites to document spring through fall floras. The UWM Field Station is one of these foray sites. Habitat and locality are to be recorded for each specimen along with field characteristics. Each identified collection will be dried and filed in the herbarium of the Milwaukee Public Museum. To date 35 specimens representing 29 species are on file. …
Research In Plant Ecology At Uwm - 1965 To 1984, Forest Stearns
Research In Plant Ecology At Uwm - 1965 To 1984, Forest Stearns
Field Station Bulletins
Ecological research on plants and plant communities has been an active program at UWM, Involving several faculty, many undergraduate and graduate students and the UWM Field Station. Aquatic and urban environments, forests and wetlands have received most attention although prairie and landscape ecology and endangered species have not been neglected. Descriptive, theoretical and applied studies are Included spanning the spectrum from the autecology of a single species to examination of entire landscapes. Over the period of 20 years, 54 M.S. theses, nine Ph.D. dissertations and numerous published papers and reports have resulted. University-sponsored research serves several purposes: discovery of new …
String Bog Or "Strangmoor" In Cedarburg Bog, Thomas F. Grillinger
String Bog Or "Strangmoor" In Cedarburg Bog, Thomas F. Grillinger
Field Station Bulletins
This paper discusses the string bog portion of Cedarburg Bog and the origin of string bogs in general. String bog or "strangmoor" Is found in Cedarburg Bog, which Is about 200 miles south of the southernmost string bog location previously reported. The string bog Is deep within the bog, remote from both the periphery of the bog and the open lakes within It. This vegetational pattern consists of slightly raised ridges and islands with woody vegetation, alternating with flat sedge mat areas. This string bog, like others of North America and Eurasia, is found on a slightly sloping surface; the …
Autecological Studies Of Drosera Linearis, A Threatened Sundew Species, Juliet C. Stromberg-Wilkins
Autecological Studies Of Drosera Linearis, A Threatened Sundew Species, Juliet C. Stromberg-Wilkins
Field Station Bulletins
The linear-leaf sundew has been extirpated from several stations at the southern edge of Its range. Cedarburg Bog is believed to harbor the largest of the remaining southern colonies of this species. Drosera linearis has a lower reproductive output at Cedarburg Bog than at other sites, and produces fewer seeds per plant than the three sundew species which share its range. The population studied at Cedarburg Bog declined in population size and reproductive output from 1980 to 1982, and revealed characteristics associated with high rates of local extinction. Populations experienced rapid turnover of individuals, and population size was closely coupled …
The Occurrence And Distribution Of Prairie-Associated Plants And Remnant Prairie Communities In The Northern Kettle Moraine State Forest, William K. Volkert
The Occurrence And Distribution Of Prairie-Associated Plants And Remnant Prairie Communities In The Northern Kettle Moraine State Forest, William K. Volkert
Field Station Bulletins
This paper summarizes findings on the occurrence and distribution of native prairie grasses and forbs on non-forested sites in the Kettle Moraine State Forest Northern Unit (KMSF). Twelve remnant prairie communities were located. These twelve sites Included a total of 5 prairie grasses and 46 forb species.
Notes On Two Species Of Plants At The Margins Of Their Ranges In Cedarburg Bog, James A. Reinartz
Notes On Two Species Of Plants At The Margins Of Their Ranges In Cedarburg Bog, James A. Reinartz
Field Station Bulletins
In June 1983 two large patches of Fringed Polygala were found in the Cedar-Tamarack woods at the north end of Cedarburg Bog. These patches had obviously been established for a number of years but the species had never previously been noticed in the bog. These Ozaukee County populations are southern disjuncts separated by at least 60 miles from the main part of the species' distribution.
Recognition Of Brood-Mate Vocalizations By Northern Bobwhite (Colinus Virginianus) Chicks, Susan St. Clair Raye
Recognition Of Brood-Mate Vocalizations By Northern Bobwhite (Colinus Virginianus) Chicks, Susan St. Clair Raye
Field Station Bulletins
Unrelated bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus) chicks were hatched together and raised together. Each chick was tested in an arena with tape recorded separation, contentment and distress calls from a brood-mate and an unfamiliar chick of the same age. Chicks at one, six and 19 days of age gave significantly more separation calls in response to the separation calls of their brood-mates than they gave in response to the separation calls of the strange chicks. Since the chicks were not related, this ability to recognize brood-mate vocalizations is probably learned. Sibling recognition in quail might function in inbreeding avoidance.
Ecological Studies Of The Surface Microlayer Of Small Ponds At The Uwm Field Station, Charles C. Remsen, James S. Maki, Savas C. Danos, Kenneth E. Estep
Ecological Studies Of The Surface Microlayer Of Small Ponds At The Uwm Field Station, Charles C. Remsen, James S. Maki, Savas C. Danos, Kenneth E. Estep
Field Station Bulletins
The seasonal variation and enrichment of nutrients, pigments, bacteria, fungi and algae in the surface microlayer and subsurface waters were investigated in three ponds at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Field Station, Saukville, Ozaukee County, Wisconsin. Samples were collected intermittently from June, 1978 through October, 1981. Microlayer samples were collected using a glass plate and a screen sampler. All ponds showed dramatic seasonal variations in nutrients, microorganisms and algae in both surface and subsurface waters. The data indicate that physical factors such as adsubble processes, antirain and atmospheric deposition, along with biological factors such as heterotrophic mineralization and autotrophic uptake, play …
The Ecology Of A Moth Associated With The Northern Pitcher Plant (Sarracenia Purpurea), Glenn R. Guntenspergen, Charles R. Rupprecht
The Ecology Of A Moth Associated With The Northern Pitcher Plant (Sarracenia Purpurea), Glenn R. Guntenspergen, Charles R. Rupprecht
Field Station Bulletins
Endothenia daeckeana Krft. is an obligate associate of S. purpurea L. in Wisconsin. This paper presents a preliminary analysis of the ecological relationship between this moth and its host plant.
Underwing Moths At The Uwm Field Station, Maria Plonczynski
Underwing Moths At The Uwm Field Station, Maria Plonczynski
Field Station Bulletins
This paper summarizes the findings of my study (1977-1982) of the presence and phenology of moths in the genus Catocala at the UWM Field Station. Use of sugar bait and black light traps resulted in the capture of 19 species. This report includes a phenological list of the specimens and line drawings of each, depicting size and hindwing coloration.
The Dominance Hierarchy Of The Black-Capped Chickadee And It's Relation To Breeding Territory And Frequency Of Visitation To An Artificial Food Source, Craig Thompson
Field Station Bulletins
A peck-dominant type of dominance hierarchy was demonstrated in a group of twenty-one Black-capped Chickadees and was consistent with what is expected of this species of Paridae at the interflock level. No significant correlations were found between dominance and frequency of visitation to the study feeder, between dominance and distance from feeder to 1980 breeding territory, and between distance to territory and frequency of visitation.
Effects Of Flooding On Herbaceous Species Of The White Cedar-Tamarack Woods In Cedarburg Bog, James A. Reinartz, Steven Kroeger
Effects Of Flooding On Herbaceous Species Of The White Cedar-Tamarack Woods In Cedarburg Bog, James A. Reinartz, Steven Kroeger
Field Station Bulletins
A part of the northern lowland forest of Cedarburg Bog was flooded about eight years ago as a result of clogged road culverts. Studies of the effects of flooding on species composition, productivity, hydrology and soils were begun in 1982. Post flooding studies will commence when the natural water levels are restored (ca 1984). This paper compares the frequencies of herbaceous species in the flooded woods with an adjacent portion of unflooded woods. The pattern of species' abundances within the flooded woods is related to the degree of inundation and grazing history of the site. Significantly different frequencies were found …
Behavioral Studies Of Black-Capped Chickadees At The Uwm Field Station, Millicent S. Ficken
Behavioral Studies Of Black-Capped Chickadees At The Uwm Field Station, Millicent S. Ficken
Field Station Bulletins
This report summarizes studies of the behavior of Black-capped Chickadees (Parus atricapillus) conducted at the UWM Field Station since 1970. Vocalizations and responses to predators are emphasized. Chickadees are very social and their calls are more complex than those of non-social avian species.
Vascular Plants Near The Margins Of Their Range In Cedarburg Bog. Part Ii. Dicots, James A. Reinartz, Gay E. Reinartz
Vascular Plants Near The Margins Of Their Range In Cedarburg Bog. Part Ii. Dicots, James A. Reinartz, Gay E. Reinartz
Field Station Bulletins
There are two species of gymnosperms and 18 monocots that are near the southern edge of their geographic range in Cedarburg Bog (Reinartz and Reinartz 1981). Six of these may actually reach their range boundary in the bog. Nine species of the Cyperaceae and seven Orchidaceae comprise the bulk of the monocot species that are near their southern limits. The purpose of this paper is to provide an annotated listing of dicot species which have geographically marginal populations in Cedarburg Bog.
Summer Birds Reaching The Margins Of Their Range At The Cedarburg Bog And The Uwm Field Station, John H. Idzikowski
Summer Birds Reaching The Margins Of Their Range At The Cedarburg Bog And The Uwm Field Station, John H. Idzikowski
Field Station Bulletins
In a previous article, Reinartz and Reinartz (1981) described the monocot and gymnosperm plants that reach their range limits at the Cedarburg Bog. The bog forest consists primarily of·white cedar (Thuja canadensis) and tamarack (Larix laricina) and includes a string bog plant community, all typical of wetlands further north. The summer fauna also possesses an ecologically northern relict flavor. This is especially true of the most conspicuous vertebrates, the birds. Many bird species found in the bog are more closely associated with the transitional and boreal forests of Canada and northern Wisconsin than with the deciduous forests and fields that …
Vascular Plants Near The Margins Of Their Range In Cedarburg Bog. Part 1. Gymnosperms And Monocots, James A. Reinartz, Gay E. Reinartz
Vascular Plants Near The Margins Of Their Range In Cedarburg Bog. Part 1. Gymnosperms And Monocots, James A. Reinartz, Gay E. Reinartz
Field Station Bulletins
Marginal populations are those located at the extreme or periphery of a species' range. In the context of this paper, marginal populations refer to a geographical periphery rather than to possible ecological margins. A wide ranging species may be composed of several different varieties or ecotypes. Marginal populations of plants are of special interest to plant taxonomists, ecologists, ecological geneticists and biogeographers because they may exhibit different characteristics than more centrally located populations. This is likely because plants at the boundaries of their species' range may experience extreme ecological conditions beyond which they cannot survive.
Aquatic Oligochaeta Of Mud Lake, And Its Inlet And Outlet Stream, Michael E. Smith, Jerry L. Kaster
Aquatic Oligochaeta Of Mud Lake, And Its Inlet And Outlet Stream, Michael E. Smith, Jerry L. Kaster
Field Station Bulletins
Aquatic invertebrates of Wisconsin have been studied extensively, but until recently, little work has been done with aquatic oligochaetes (segmented worms). Much of the previous work was primarily concerned with the tubificid fauna of the Great Lakes (Hiltunen 1961; Howmiller 1972; Howmiller and Beeton 1910; Spencer 1980). Also, Howmiller (1914) described the aquatic Oligochaeta found in the inland waters of Wisconsin, and Howmiller and Loden (1916) provided additional information which contains the most current list of species found in Wisconsin. A study was carried out during May and June 1980 at the University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee Field Station to …
Patterns Of Seedling Establishment In An Old Field, Patrick O'Donnell, Forest Stearns
Patterns Of Seedling Establishment In An Old Field, Patrick O'Donnell, Forest Stearns
Field Station Bulletins
Within 100 years after settlement began (ca. 1830), most forest land in the Milwaukee area had been influenced by agriculture. When the land was cleared for cultivation, trees were occasionally left along property boundaries, on steep slopes or in depressions. These trees served to shade the farmer and his livestock and break the wind. Beginning in the 1930's, urbanization and other changes in land use have resulted in abandonment of cultivated fields and pastures and their regrowth to forest or conversion to other uses. The isolated trees provided a continuing source of tree seed. The presence of an isolated tree …
Microorganisms In Milwaukee Rivers, Joseph Gergerich, Forest Stearns
Microorganisms In Milwaukee Rivers, Joseph Gergerich, Forest Stearns
Field Station Bulletins
Fecal coliform bacteria have long been used as indicators of water pollution (Standard Methods, 1976). However, factors that influence the coliform population in natural water bodies may alter the relationships between the coliform bacteria and fecal pollution and hence the usefulness of the organisims as indicators. This study examined the volunteer, non-native vegetation of urban Racine. Various sites were examined, some stable, others subject to continuous disturbance; plant communities were characterized and compared.
Microclimate Weather Data For 1978 And 1979 At The University Of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Field Station, Larry Smith, Steven Kroeger, Jim Reinartz
Microclimate Weather Data For 1978 And 1979 At The University Of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Field Station, Larry Smith, Steven Kroeger, Jim Reinartz
Field Station Bulletins
The UWM Field Station has measured precipitation, temperature, relative humidity, wind direction and speed, and barometric pressure continuously since December 29, 1969. These data were recorded at three weather stations each located within a different vegetation type all within 0.8 km of each other. The main station is located near the Field Station laboratory building in an open field. This station measures all of the above parameters. The two satellite stations, one in a beech-maple forest and the other in a tamarack-white cedar bog, measure precipitation, temperature, and relative humidity only. This paper summarizes and compares the data collected at …
Volunteer Urban Vegetation Of Racine, Wisconsin, Cecile Boehmer, Forest Stearns
Volunteer Urban Vegetation Of Racine, Wisconsin, Cecile Boehmer, Forest Stearns
Field Station Bulletins
We have only meagre knowledge of the composition and the functions performed by vegetation in Wisconsin cities. The records of the U.S. Government Land Survey conducted in the 1830s provide information on the presettlement vegetation. Likewise, the notes and letters of settlers and early residents speak of the plants they found here, or brought with them. We know less about the vegetation now growing in our cities.
Latitudinal Variation In The Relationship Between Rosette Diameter And Fate In Common Mullein (Verbascum Thapsus L.), James A. Reinartz
Latitudinal Variation In The Relationship Between Rosette Diameter And Fate In Common Mullein (Verbascum Thapsus L.), James A. Reinartz
Field Station Bulletins
There is currently a good deal of interest in the "biennial" life history. This stems from the fact that theoretical analysis of the selective advantage of alternate life histories predicts that biennials should seldom be favored relative to annual or perennial alternatives (Hart, 1977). However biennials often appear highly successful in terms of abundance, being both common and widespread, even though they constitute only a small proportion of any flora. This paper describes the effects of latitude on the relationship between rosette diameter at the end of one growing season and a plant's fate in the next (death, continued vegetative …
Primary Production In Wild And Cultivated Cranberries, Mark Walstrom, Forest Stearns
Primary Production In Wild And Cultivated Cranberries, Mark Walstrom, Forest Stearns
Field Station Bulletins
Cranberries grow in many Wisconsin sphagnum bogs. One of the two species, the large cranberry, Vaccinium macrocarpon Alt., is among the few American fruit crops in cultivation. Most of the cultivated cranberries have been derived by selection from wild, and more recently from cultivated clones. Like the large cranberry, the small cranberry, Vaccinium oxycoccos L., is native to Wisconsin bogs and it, too, provides wildlife food, though it has not been selected for cultivation. This study examined the primary productivity of wild and cultivated cranberries (Wahlstrom 1979).
Seasonal Activity Patterns In The Bat Community At Neda Mine, Charles Rupprecht
Seasonal Activity Patterns In The Bat Community At Neda Mine, Charles Rupprecht
Field Station Bulletins
Even though bats represent a relatively abundant, biologically fascinating and highly beneficial component of Wisconsin's wildlife, they remain poorly studied and greatly misunderstood. Accounts of the seasonal adaptive strategies of most bats are inadequate or fragmentary (Barbour and Davis 1969). Rarely have researchers investigated more than one species at a single time and place. The aim of this study was to make simultaneous comparisons by sex and species of the various adaptive strategies employed by members of the Neda Mine bat community on an annual basis.
Terrestrial Gastropods At The Uwm Cedar-Sauk Field Station, Joan P. Jass
Terrestrial Gastropods At The Uwm Cedar-Sauk Field Station, Joan P. Jass
Field Station Bulletins
A base line survey of the terrestrial gastropod fauna of the UWM Field Station near Saukville was conducted from June-September 1978 to complement other faunistic surveys conducted at this locality and to increase our information on the distribution of these mollusks in southeastern Wisconsin. To date there have been very few surveys of terrestrial gastropods in southeastern Wisconsin. In this survey 2975 specimens of 20 different identities were retrieved.
Flambeau Forest Blowdown, Glenn R. Guntenspergen, Christopher Dunn, John R. Dorney
Flambeau Forest Blowdown, Glenn R. Guntenspergen, Christopher Dunn, John R. Dorney
Field Station Bulletins
On July 4,1977, the 160 acre Flambeau River Forest Scientific Area was struck by a downburst of hurricane proportions (Fujita 1977) which destroyed most of the preserve. This stand had been one of the few relatively untouched old growth northern hardwood forest stands in the Upper Great Lakes region. Hemlock, yellow birch, and sugar maple are the dominant canopy tree species. The vegetation of this stand had been studied in 1967 (Anderson 1968) and 1973 (Anderson unpublished). Thus, the Flambeau River Forest Scientific Area in northern Wisconsin provides a unique opportunity to examine the changes following large scale disturbance in …
Land Use Changes In Southeastern Wisconsin: The Landscape Pattern Project, John Dorney, Forest Stearns
Land Use Changes In Southeastern Wisconsin: The Landscape Pattern Project, John Dorney, Forest Stearns
Field Station Bulletins
Since settlement began in the 1830's, the native forest, wetland and prairie vegetation has been replaced by pasture, cultivated fields, highways, towns and cities. Fragmentation of the forest into smaller and smaller isolated patches influences the biological diversity of the remaining patches, as well as species replacement patterns and dispersal of seed and other propagules. This drastically alters the integrity of the regional system. This study documents changes in patterns of land use and forest vegetation and investigates factors influencing these changes and the effect of the present pattern on ecosystem maintenance. This work is part of a larger study …
Dragonflies At The Uwm Cedar-Sauk Field Station, Tom Pleyte
Dragonflies At The Uwm Cedar-Sauk Field Station, Tom Pleyte
Field Station Bulletins
When visitors and classes utilize the Field Station facilities during the summer months, they seldom fail to notice dragonflies coursing the old fields or hawking mosquitoes over the little ponds. Their beauty and strong powers of flight have long fascinated observers, but few casual on-lookers are aware of the number of species present at the Field Station and the complexity of their behavior and annual cycles. This report will attempt to familiarize the reader with some aspects of the biology of dragonflies, the species of dragonflies present at the UWM Field Station and the times of the year when each …
Leachable Phosphorus Levels Of Urban Street Trees: Contributions To Urban Runoff, John R. Dorney
Leachable Phosphorus Levels Of Urban Street Trees: Contributions To Urban Runoff, John R. Dorney
Field Station Bulletins
Intelligent environmental management of urban areas depends upon a thorough understanding of urban ecosystem properties, such as structure, energy flow and materials cycles. This report examines the phosphorous cycle in urban runoff - a portion of the urban phosphorous cycle - which is involved in diffuse (non-point) source pollution from urban areas. The goals of my research were to determine if street tree leaves and seeds are a source of phosphorous in urban runoff and if so, how these levels varied between tree species.