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Articles 1 - 18 of 18
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Improved Growth Of Lactobacillus Bulgaricus And Streptococcus Thermophilus As Well As Increased Antioxidant Activity By Biotransforming Litchi Pericarp Polysaccharide With Aspergillus Awamori, Sen Lin, Lingrong Wen, Bao Yang, Guoxiang Jiang, John Shi, Feng Chen, Yueming Jiang
Improved Growth Of Lactobacillus Bulgaricus And Streptococcus Thermophilus As Well As Increased Antioxidant Activity By Biotransforming Litchi Pericarp Polysaccharide With Aspergillus Awamori, Sen Lin, Lingrong Wen, Bao Yang, Guoxiang Jiang, John Shi, Feng Chen, Yueming Jiang
Feng Chen
This study was conducted to increase the bioactivity of litchi pericarp polysaccharides (LPPs) biotransformed by Aspergillus awamori. Compared to the non-A. awamori-fermented LPP, the growth effects of A. awamori-fermented LPP on Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus were four and two times higher after 3 days of fermentation, respectively. Increased 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity and DNA protection activity of litchi pericarp polysaccharides were also achieved after A. awamori fermentation. Moreover, the relative content of glucose and arabinose in LPP after fermentation decreased from 58.82% to 22.60% and from 18.82% to 10.09%, respectively, with a concomitant increase in the relative contents of …
Two Novel Approaches Used To Produce Biodiesel From Low-Cost Feedstocks, Xiaohu Fan, Xi Wang, Feng Chen
Two Novel Approaches Used To Produce Biodiesel From Low-Cost Feedstocks, Xiaohu Fan, Xi Wang, Feng Chen
Feng Chen
The price of feedstock is one of the most significant factors affecting the economic viability of biodiesel manufacturer. Many approaches were investigated to reduce the biodiesel production cost. The present work gave a preliminary study of two approaches to economically produce biodiesel from waste cooking oil (WCO) and flaked cottonseed. One was the use of ultrasound-assisted synthesis of biodiesel from WCO. The other was the application of in situ transesterification from flaked cottonseed. Gas chromatography (GC) and High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) results demonstrated the feasibility of using both approaches to produce biodiesel from low-cost feedstock.
Ultrasound-Assisted Synthesis Of Biodiesel From Crude Cottonseed Oil Using Response Surface Methodology, Xiaohu Fan, Feng Chen, Xi Wang
Ultrasound-Assisted Synthesis Of Biodiesel From Crude Cottonseed Oil Using Response Surface Methodology, Xiaohu Fan, Feng Chen, Xi Wang
Feng Chen
Response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite rotatable design (CCRD) was used to optimize the three important reaction variables-methanol/oil molar ratio (M), NaOH catalyst concentration (C) and reaction time (T) for transesterification of crude cottonseed oil under ultrasonic irradiation. A quadratic polynomial model was obtained to predict the methyl ester yield. 98 wt% of the methyl ester yield could be reached at the deduced optimal conditions: methanol/oil molar raito of 6.2:1, NaOH catalyst concentration of 1 wt% (by the weight of crude cottonseed oil) and reaction time of 8 min. Validation experiments confirmed …
Anticancer Activity Of Branched-Chain Derivatives Of Oleic Acid, Oliver Daily, Xi Wang, Feng Chen, Guohui Huang
Anticancer Activity Of Branched-Chain Derivatives Of Oleic Acid, Oliver Daily, Xi Wang, Feng Chen, Guohui Huang
Feng Chen
Background: A number of unsaturated fatty acids and a few saturated branched-chain fatty acids have been reported to exhibit anticancer activity. Materials and Methods: In previously reported research, several novel branched-chain derivatives (methyl, n-butyl, phenyl) of methyl oleate were produced by bromination in the allylic position and subsequent treatment with organocuprate reagents. These compounds and their free acid counterparts were tested in vitro for their antiproliferative activities against two cancer cell lines: MCF-7 (human breast) and HT-29 (human colon). In addition, two sets of isomeric tertiary alcohols obtained as side-products in the synthesis of the branched-chain derivatives were evaluated. Testing …
Chemotaxonomic Study Of Citrus, Poncirus And Fortunella Genotypes Based On Peel Oil Volatile Compounds - Deciphering The Genetic Origin Of Mangshanyegan (Citrus Nobilis Lauriro), Cuihua Liu, Dong Jiang, Yunjiang Cheng, Xiuxin Deng, Feng Chen, Liu Fang, Zhaocheng Ma, Juan Xu
Chemotaxonomic Study Of Citrus, Poncirus And Fortunella Genotypes Based On Peel Oil Volatile Compounds - Deciphering The Genetic Origin Of Mangshanyegan (Citrus Nobilis Lauriro), Cuihua Liu, Dong Jiang, Yunjiang Cheng, Xiuxin Deng, Feng Chen, Liu Fang, Zhaocheng Ma, Juan Xu
Feng Chen
Volatile profiles yielded from gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis provide abundant information not only for metabolism-related research, but also for chemotaxonomy. To study the chemotaxonomy of Mangshanyegan, its volatile profiles of fruit and leaf and those of 29 other genotypes of Citrus, Poncirus, and Fortunella were subjected to phylogenetic analyses. Results showed that 145 identified (including 64 tentatively identified) and 15 unidentified volatile compounds were detected from their peel oils. The phylogenetic analysis of peel oils based on hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) demonstrated a good agreement with the Swingle taxonomy system, in which the three genera of Citrus, Poncirus, and …
Purification And Characterization Of Aspergillus Niger Α-L-Rhamnosidase For The Biotransformation Of Naringin To Prunin, Hui Ni, An Feng Xiao, Hui Nong Cai, Feng Chen, Qi You, Yun Zheng Lu
Purification And Characterization Of Aspergillus Niger Α-L-Rhamnosidase For The Biotransformation Of Naringin To Prunin, Hui Ni, An Feng Xiao, Hui Nong Cai, Feng Chen, Qi You, Yun Zheng Lu
Feng Chen
This study was conducted to increase the bioactivity of litchi pericarp polysaccharides (LPPs) biotransformed by Aspergillus awamori. Comparedtothenon-A. awamori-fermented LPP, the growth effects of A. awamori-fermented LPP on Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus were four and two times higher after 3 days of fermentation, respectively. Increased 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity and DNA protection activity of litchi pericarp polysaccharides were also achieved after A. awamori fermentation. Moreover, the relative content of glucose and arabinose in LPP after fermentation decreased from 58.82% to 22.60% and from 18.82% to 10.09%, respectively, with a concomitant increase in the relative contents of galactose, rhamnose, xylose, …
A Comparative Identification Of Ochratoxin A In Longan Fruit Pulp By High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Fluorescence Detection And Electron Spray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry, Jing Li, Haihui Xie, Bao Yang, Xinhong Dong, Linyan Feng, Feng Chen, Yueming Jiang
A Comparative Identification Of Ochratoxin A In Longan Fruit Pulp By High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Fluorescence Detection And Electron Spray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry, Jing Li, Haihui Xie, Bao Yang, Xinhong Dong, Linyan Feng, Feng Chen, Yueming Jiang
Feng Chen
Harvested longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) fruit are susceptible to decay caused by both bacterial and fungal infections. Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a kind of mycotoxin produced by a number of fungi. In this study, OTA was extracted from longan fruit pulp by 80% methanol and then loaded on C-18 solid-phase extraction columns. The extract solution was then analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography - fluorescence detection (HPLC-FD) and an electron spray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), respectively. The HPLC-FD analysis showed that a compound similar to OTA might exist in longan fruit pulp, but further analysis by the ESI-MS method demonstrated that OTA …
Secondary Metabolism Inducing Treatments During In Vitro Development Of Turmeric (Curcuma Longa L.) Rhizomes, Matthew M. Cousins, Jeffrey W. Adelberg, Feng Chen, James Rieck
Secondary Metabolism Inducing Treatments During In Vitro Development Of Turmeric (Curcuma Longa L.) Rhizomes, Matthew M. Cousins, Jeffrey W. Adelberg, Feng Chen, James Rieck
Feng Chen
Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) plants that were grown in vitro for 17 or 22 weeks as a fed-batch culture in 2.5 L vessels yielded 39 to 43 g and 62 to 70 g of fresh rhizomes per vessel, respectively (95 % confidence interval). The MS liquid medium was maintained at 6 % sucrose through media addition twice during the experiment. Various methods were employed in attempts to increase secondary metabolism. Antioxidant and total phenolics assays were employed to characterize phytochemical activity. A first experiment exposed four clones to phenylalanine and/or methyl jasmonate (MeJa) from week 12 to 17 in culture. …
Engine Performance Test Of Cottonseed Oil Biodiesel, Xiaohu Fan, Xi Wang, Feng Chen, Daniel P. Geller, Peter J. Wan
Engine Performance Test Of Cottonseed Oil Biodiesel, Xiaohu Fan, Xi Wang, Feng Chen, Daniel P. Geller, Peter J. Wan
Feng Chen
Two cottonseed oil biodiesel samples (cottonseed oil methyl esters, COME) produced in Clemson lab, together with other two commercial cottonseed oil biodiesels were evaluated on their engine performance with the No. 2 diesel fuel as a reference. The results revealed that emission of CO, CO2 and NOx from cottonseed oil biodiesels was lower than that of the No. 2 diesel fuel. CO decreased by 13.8%, CO2 by 11.1% and NOx by 10%, though there was no significantly statistical difference at p<0.05. The engine test also showed a slightly higher amount of consumption and less tendency of coke formation from …
Biodiesel Production From Crude Cottonseed Oil: An Optimization Process Using Response Surface Methodology, Xiaohu Fan, Xi Wang, Feng Chen
Biodiesel Production From Crude Cottonseed Oil: An Optimization Process Using Response Surface Methodology, Xiaohu Fan, Xi Wang, Feng Chen
Feng Chen
Biodiesel, known as fatty acid methyl ester (FAME), was produced from crude cottonseed oil (triglycerides) by transesterification with methanol in the presence of sodium hydroxide. This process was optimized by applying factorial design and response surface methodology (RSM) with SAS and PSIPLOT programs. A second-order mathematical model was obtained to predict the yield as a function of methanol/oil molar ratio, catalyst concentration, reaction temperature, and rate of mixing. Based on ridge max analysis and RSM, as well as economic cost consideration, the practical optimal condition for the production of biodiesel was found to be: methanol/oil molar ratio, 7.9; temperature, 53 …
Chemopreventive Effects Of Khaya Senegalensis Bark Extract On Human Colorectal Cancer, Xiao Androulakis, Stephanie Muga, Feng Chen, Youssouf Koita, Boubacar Toure, Michael Wargovich
Chemopreventive Effects Of Khaya Senegalensis Bark Extract On Human Colorectal Cancer, Xiao Androulakis, Stephanie Muga, Feng Chen, Youssouf Koita, Boubacar Toure, Michael Wargovich
Feng Chen
An extract of the bark of Khaya senegalensis is commonly used in African traditional medicine for pain and inflammation. Khaya senegalensis bark extract (KSBE) was hypothesized to contain inhibitors of the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) gene and to be useful in the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer. The diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)- free radical activity and the total phenolic content of KSBE were measured, followed by an investigation of cell growth inhibition, COX and prostaglandin E 2 (PGE2) suppression, as well as apoptosis by Western blot analysis and ELISA. Our data clearly showed that KSBE displays anti-proliferative, antiinflammatory and pro-apoptotic effects on HT-29, …
Polyphenolic Profile And Antioxidant Activities Of Oolong Tea Infusion Under Various Steeping Conditions, Xinguo Su, Jun Duan, Yueming Jiang, Xuewu Duan, Feng Chen
Polyphenolic Profile And Antioxidant Activities Of Oolong Tea Infusion Under Various Steeping Conditions, Xinguo Su, Jun Duan, Yueming Jiang, Xuewu Duan, Feng Chen
Feng Chen
The phenolic profile and antioxidant activities of oolong tea extract were investigated after tea was steeped in 90 or 100 oC water for 3 or 10 min. The extraction yield increased with increasing temperature and extended steeping time. However, higher temperature and longer time (100 oC water for 10 min) led to loss of phenolics. The aqueous extract of oolong tea (AEOT) at 100 oC for 3 min exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity. The major polyphenolic components of the AEOT were identified as (-)-epigallocatechin (EGC), (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and (-)-epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG). The two major catechins (EGC and EGCG) in the …
Antioxidant And Anticancer Activities Of Wampee (Clausena Lansium (Lour.) Skeels) Peel, K. Nagendra Prasad, Jing Hao, Chun Yi, Dandan Zhang, Shengxiang Qiu, Yueming Jiang, Mingwei Zhang, Feng Chen
Antioxidant And Anticancer Activities Of Wampee (Clausena Lansium (Lour.) Skeels) Peel, K. Nagendra Prasad, Jing Hao, Chun Yi, Dandan Zhang, Shengxiang Qiu, Yueming Jiang, Mingwei Zhang, Feng Chen
Feng Chen
Antioxidant activities of wampee peel extracts using five different solvents (ethanol, hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol and water) were determined by using in-vitro antioxidant models including total antioxidant capability, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, reducing power, and superoxide scavenging activity. Ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) exhibited the highest antioxidant activity compared to other fractions, even higher than synthetic antioxidant butylated hydroxyl toluene (BHT). In addition, the EAF exhibited strong anticancer activities against human gastric carcinoma (SGC-7901), human hepatocellular liver carcinoma (HepG-2) and human lung adenocarcinoma (A-549) cancer cell lines, higher than cisplatin, a conventional anticancer drug. The total phenolic content of …
Application Of Derivative Ratio Spectrophotometry For Determination Of Β-Carotene And Astaxanthin From Phaffia Rhodozyma Extract, Hui Ni, Guo-Qing He, Hui Ruan, Qi-He Chen, Feng Chen
Application Of Derivative Ratio Spectrophotometry For Determination Of Β-Carotene And Astaxanthin From Phaffia Rhodozyma Extract, Hui Ni, Guo-Qing He, Hui Ruan, Qi-He Chen, Feng Chen
Feng Chen
A derivative ratio spectrophotometric method was used for the simultaneous determination of beta-carotene and astaxanthin produced from Phaffia rhodozyma. Absorbencies of a series of the standard carotenoids in the range of 441 nm to 490 nm demonstrated that their absorptive spectra accorded with Beer's law and that the additivity when the concentrations of beta-carotene and astaxanthin and their mixture were within the range of 0 to 5 microg/ml, 0 to 6 microg/ml, and 0 to 6 microg/ml, respectively. When the wavelength interval (lambda) at 2 nm was selected to calculate the first derivative ratio spectra values, the first derivative amplitudes …
Shelf Life Extension Of Shrimp (White) Using Modified Atmosphere Packaging, Ranjith Kalleda, Inyee Han, Joe Toler, Feng Chen, Hyun Kim, Paul Dawson
Shelf Life Extension Of Shrimp (White) Using Modified Atmosphere Packaging, Ranjith Kalleda, Inyee Han, Joe Toler, Feng Chen, Hyun Kim, Paul Dawson
Feng Chen
Wild caught shrimp can have a shortened shelf life compared to farm raised shrimp due to handling and on-ship limitations. The loss of freshness in shrimp is partly due to autolytic reactions caused by endogenous enzymes such as polyphenol oxidase. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of sulfites combined with modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) on the shelf life of non-frozen shrimp. Fresh South Atlantic white shrimp were subjected to one of four treatments, no bisulfite rinse-air packaged, 1.25% bisulfite rinse-air packaged, 1.25% bisulfite rinse-MAP (60% CO2, 18% O2, 22% N2) and 1.25% bisulfite rinse-MAP (36% CO2, …
1,3,7-Trideacetylkhivorin, Huaping Zhang, Don Vanderveer, Xi Wang, Feng Chen, Michael J. Wargovich
1,3,7-Trideacetylkhivorin, Huaping Zhang, Don Vanderveer, Xi Wang, Feng Chen, Michael J. Wargovich
Feng Chen
The title D-seco limonoid, named 1,3,7-trideacetylkhivorin (systematic name: 14,15:21,23-diepoxy-1,3,7-trihydroxy-4,4,8-trimethyl-D-homo-24-nor-17-oxochola-20,22-diene-16-one), C26H36O7, was isolated from the stem bark of African mahogany Khaya senegalensis (Meliaceae). The four fused six-membered rings adopt chair, chair, boat and half-chair conformations. The five-membered furan ring is disordered by a 180° rotation about the bond linking it to the pyran ring. The crystal structure is stabilized by strong classical O-HO hydrogen-bond interactions to form a network.
Optimized Production Of Vanillin From Green Vanilla Pods By Enzyme-Assisted Extraction Combined With Pre-Freezing And Thawing, Yanjun Zhang, Limei Mo, Feng Chen, Minquan Lu, Wenjiang Dong, Qinghuang Wang, Fei Xu, Fenglin Gu
Optimized Production Of Vanillin From Green Vanilla Pods By Enzyme-Assisted Extraction Combined With Pre-Freezing And Thawing, Yanjun Zhang, Limei Mo, Feng Chen, Minquan Lu, Wenjiang Dong, Qinghuang Wang, Fei Xu, Fenglin Gu
Feng Chen
Production of vanillin from natural green vanilla pods was carried out by enzyme-assisted extraction combined with pre-freezing and thawing. In the first step the green vanilla pods were pre-frozen and then thawed to destroy cellular compartmentation. In the second step pectinase from Aspergillus niger was used to hydrolyze the pectin between the glucovanillin substrate and β-glucosidase. Four main variables, including enzyme amount, reaction temperature, time and pH, which were of significance for the vanillin content were studied and a central composite design (CCD) based on the results of a single-factor tests was used. Response surface methodology based on CCD was …
Improved Keratinase Production For Feather Degradation By Bacillus Licheniformis Zjuel31410 In Submerged Cultivation, Hui Ni, Qi-He Chen, Feng Chen, Ming-Liang Fu, Ya-Chen Dong, Hui-Nong Cai
Improved Keratinase Production For Feather Degradation By Bacillus Licheniformis Zjuel31410 In Submerged Cultivation, Hui Ni, Qi-He Chen, Feng Chen, Ming-Liang Fu, Ya-Chen Dong, Hui-Nong Cai
Feng Chen
Optimal medium was used to improve the production of keratinase by Bacillus licheniformis ZJUEL31410, which has a promising application in the transformation of feather into soluble protein. The results of single factor design revealed that the concentration of feather at 20 g/l and the initial pH at value 8 was the best for the production of keratinase and the degradation of feather. Ammonia salt and nitrate salt strongly restricted the production of keratinase and the degradation of feather. Result of Box-Behnken design (BBD) experiment which was used to optimize concentrations of glucose, corn steep flour and K2HPO4 for further improvement …