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Articles 1 - 30 of 43
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Infestation Of Aetalion Reticulatum (Linnaeus) (Hemiptera: Aethalionidae) In Plants Of Euterpe Oleracea Martius (Arecaceae) In Acre State, Brazil, Rodrigo Souza Santos Rss
Infestation Of Aetalion Reticulatum (Linnaeus) (Hemiptera: Aethalionidae) In Plants Of Euterpe Oleracea Martius (Arecaceae) In Acre State, Brazil, Rodrigo Souza Santos Rss
Rodrigo Souza Santos RSS
The açai palm (Euterpe oleracea Martius) is a native palm tree from the Amazon region floodplains and may be indicated as the most economically profitable species of this genus. Its fruit pulp is extracted and widely consumed by the population of northern Brazil in several ways. With the expansion of the planted area many factors may affect the production and limit the cultivation, highlighting the occurrence of insect pests that cause losses in production. This report presents the first occurrence of the leafhopper Aetalion reticulatum (Linnaeus) (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Aethalionidae) in E. oleracea plants. The occurrence of this insect associated with …
Short-Term, Mid-Term And Long-Term Effectiveness Of Silicosec® Against Cowpea Weevil, Adel Khashaveh
Short-Term, Mid-Term And Long-Term Effectiveness Of Silicosec® Against Cowpea Weevil, Adel Khashaveh
Adel Khashaveh
The insecticidal efficacy of SilicoSec®; a formulation of diatomaceous earth (DE); was evaluated against cowpea weevil (Callosobruchus maculatus) in cowpea seed at three storage periods: 0, 3 and 6 months. The DE formulation was applied at three dose rates: 0.1, 0.5 and 1 g/kg. The experiments carried out at 25 °C and 55% RH and continuous darkness. The mortality of C. maculatus adults was recorded 72 h after exposure to DE-treated seeds. After mortality count, all insects (dead and alive) were removed from vials and the vials were kept under same condition for a further 35 days to assess progeny …
Water Stress Strengthens Mutualism Among Ants, Trees, And Scale Insects, Elizabeth G. Pringle, Erol Akc¸Ay, Ted K. Raab, Rodolfo Dirzo, Deborah M. Gordon
Water Stress Strengthens Mutualism Among Ants, Trees, And Scale Insects, Elizabeth G. Pringle, Erol Akc¸Ay, Ted K. Raab, Rodolfo Dirzo, Deborah M. Gordon
Ted K. Raab
Abiotic environmental variables strongly affect the outcomes of species interactions. For example, mutualistic interactions between species are often stronger when resources are limited. The effect might be indirect: water stress on plants can lead to carbon stress, which could alter carbon-mediated plant mutualisms. In mutualistic ant–plant symbioses, plants host ant colonies that defend them against herbivores. Here we show that the partners’ investments in a widespread ant–plant symbiosis increase with water stress across 26 sites along a Mesoamerican precipitation gradient. At lower precipitation levels, Cordia alliodora trees invest more carbon in Azteca ants via phloem-feeding scale insects that provide the …
Fumigant Toxicity Of Essential Oil From Tanacetum Balsamita L. (Compositae) Against Adults And Eggs Of Callosobruchus Maculatus F. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae), Adel Khashaveh
Adel Khashaveh
The essential oil of Tanacetum balsamita L. was tested against Callosobruchus maculatus F. at the rates of 5.12, 7.23, 10.19, 14.36 and 20.24 μl/l air for adults and 5.3, 8.5, 10.8, 13.7 and 17.4 μl/l air for eggs. All experiments were conducted at 27 ± 1 °C and 65 ± 5% relative humidity. Mortality was counted after 24, 48 and 72 h of exposure and all adults (dead and alive) were taken out of the vials and the vials were left at the same conditions for further 35 days to assess progeny production. For mortality of eggs, unhatched eggs were …
Laboratory Bioassay Of Iranian Isolates Of Entomopathogenic Fungus Metarhizium Anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) Against Two Species Of Storage Pest, Adel Khashaveh
Adel Khashaveh
Th e susceptibility of adults of Tribolium castaneum Herbst (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and Oryzaephilus surinamensis L. (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) to three Iranian Isolates of the entomopathogenic fungi Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin was evaluated through bioassays with direct immersion under laboratory conditions. For each isolates, fi ve aqueous suspensions were prepared in a logarithmic series in Tween 80 (0.05% v/v). Results showed that adult of both species were susceptible to all isolates of M. anisopliae. For all three isolates, mortality percentage of the two species increased with increasing conidial concentration and signifi cant diff erence was observed between concentrations. Th e corrected cumulative …
Vertical Distribution Of Aedes Mosquitoes In Multiple Storey Buildings In Selangor And Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Chen Chee Dhang
Vertical Distribution Of Aedes Mosquitoes In Multiple Storey Buildings In Selangor And Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Chen Chee Dhang
Chen Chee Dhang
No abstract provided.
Temephos Resistance In Field Aedes (Stegomyia) Albopictus (Skuse) From Selangor, Malaysia, Chen Chee Dhang
Temephos Resistance In Field Aedes (Stegomyia) Albopictus (Skuse) From Selangor, Malaysia, Chen Chee Dhang
Chen Chee Dhang
Larvae of Aedes albopictus obtained from dengue endemic areas in Selangor, Malaysia were evaluated for their susceptibility to operational dosage of temephos (1 mg/L). Larval bioassays were carried out in accordance to modified WHO standard methods. Biochemical microassay of enzymes in Ae. albopictus was conducted to detect the emergence of insecticide resistance and to define the mechanisms involved in temephos resistance. The 50% mortality lethal time (LT50) for Ae. albopictus tested against temephos ranged between 58.65 to 112.50 minutes, with resistance ratio ranging from 0.75 - 1.45. This study addressed the fluctuation of time-related susceptibility status of Ae. albopictus towards …
Mites (Arachnida: Acari) Collected On Rubber Trees Hevea Brasiliensis (Willd. Ex A.Juss.) Müll.Arg. In Santana, Amapá State, Brazil, Rodrigo Souza Santos Rss
Mites (Arachnida: Acari) Collected On Rubber Trees Hevea Brasiliensis (Willd. Ex A.Juss.) Müll.Arg. In Santana, Amapá State, Brazil, Rodrigo Souza Santos Rss
Rodrigo Souza Santos RSS
The purpose of this study was to elaborate a preliminary list of the mite species associated with rubber trees in the municipality of Santana, in the state of Amapá, Brazil. Two collections of rubber tree leaves were conducted on May 2nd and June 5th , 2010. Twenty-five plants were sampled at random. Three leaves were collected per plant, from the lower third of the crown. The samples were placed in paper bags, packed in an isothermal box chilled gel-based pulp plant (Gelo-X®), and transported to the Entomology Laboratory at Embrapa Amapá, in Macapá. The leaflets were examined under a stereomicroscope, …
Substrate Properties Of Stable Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) Developmental Sites Associated With Round Bale Hay Feeding Sites In Eastern Nebraska, Brian J. Wienhold, David B. Taylor
Substrate Properties Of Stable Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) Developmental Sites Associated With Round Bale Hay Feeding Sites In Eastern Nebraska, Brian J. Wienhold, David B. Taylor
David B Taylor
Residues at sites where stationary feeders were used to provide hay as supplemental forage for cattle during the winter are developmental substrates for immature stable flies, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.), in the central United States. Spatial patterns in physical (substrate depth, temperature, water content), chemical (pH, electrical conductivity [EClab], total nitrogen [N] and carbon [C], ammoniacal nitrogen [NH4-N], extractable phosphorus [P]), and biological (microbial respiration rate) substrate properties for two feeding sites were estimated and the correlations between these properties and adult emergence were characterized. Hay feeding sites had a circular footprint with residues extending ≈7m from the feeder. With the …
Efficacy Of Cyromazine To Control Immature Stable Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) Developing In Winter Hay Feeding Sites, David B. Taylor, Kristina Friesen, Jerry Zhu
Efficacy Of Cyromazine To Control Immature Stable Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) Developing In Winter Hay Feeding Sites, David B. Taylor, Kristina Friesen, Jerry Zhu
David B Taylor
Hay mixed with manure and urine residues at sites where hay has been provided as supplemental winter feed for cattle provide an excellent substrate for the development of immature stable flies, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.). Such sites are primary sources of early summer stable flies in the central United States and no effective measures are currently available to control fly development in them. A single application of granular cyromazine in May provided 97% reduction in the number of adult stable flies emerging from hay feeding sites. Stable fly control did not decline during the 12 wk season. A small decline in …
Dewatered Sewage Biosolids Provide A Productive Larval Habitat For Stable Flies And House Flies (Diptera: Muscidae), Carl W. Doud, David B. Taylor, Ludek Zurek
Dewatered Sewage Biosolids Provide A Productive Larval Habitat For Stable Flies And House Flies (Diptera: Muscidae), Carl W. Doud, David B. Taylor, Ludek Zurek
David B Taylor
Species diversity and seasonal abundance of muscoid flies (Diptera: Muscidae) developing in biosolid cake (dewatered biosolids) stored at a wastewater treatment facility in northeastern Kansas were evaluated. Emergence traps were deployed 19 May through 20 October 2009 (22 wk) and 27 May through 18 November 2010 (25 wk). In total, 11,349 muscoid flies were collected emerging from the biosolid cake. Stable flies (Stomoxys calcitrans (L.)) and house flies (Musca domestica (L.)), represented 80 and 18% of the muscoid flies, respectively. An estimated 550 stable flies and 220 house flies per square-meter of surface area developed in the biosolid cake annually …
Control Of Pulse Beetle, Callosubruchus Maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) In Different Cereals Using Spinosad Dust In Storage Conditions, Adel Khashaveh
Control Of Pulse Beetle, Callosubruchus Maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) In Different Cereals Using Spinosad Dust In Storage Conditions, Adel Khashaveh
Adel Khashaveh
Effectiveness of spinosad dust formulation, that contains 0.125% spinosad, was evaluated against adults Callosubruchus maculatus (F.) on four commodities: chickpea, split pea, cowpea and lentil. Spinosad was applied at three dose rates: 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 g/kg, corresponding to 0.125, 0.25 and 0.375 mg/kg of the active ingredient, respectively. The experiment was carried out at 27°C and 55±5% relative humidity. Adults mortality was measured after 1, 2, 5 and 10-days of exposure. After the 10-day mortality count, all surviving insects were removed and samples retained under the same conditions for a further 35 days to assess progeny reduction. Mortality of …
Acute Toxicity Of Mercury And Chromium To Clarias Batrachus (Linn), Azhaguraj Ramakrishnan
Acute Toxicity Of Mercury And Chromium To Clarias Batrachus (Linn), Azhaguraj Ramakrishnan
Azhaguraj Ramakrishnan
Pollution of the aquatic ecosystems by heavy metals is a worldwide problem. In the present study, Clarias batrachus was exposed to Mercury and Chromium for 24, 48, 72 and 96 hrs. The median lethal concentration (LC50) of mercury to C. batrachus for 24, 48, 72 and 96 h of exposure were 1.4 ppm, 1.2 ppm, 1.0 ppm and 0.8 ppm respectively. The median lethal concentration (LC50) of chromium to C. batrachus for 24, 48, 72 and 96 h of exposure were 120 ppm, 115 ppm, 110 ppm and 102 ppm respectively. The acute toxicity levels were derived from LC50 concentrations …
Pathogenicity Of Iranian Isolates Of Metarhizium Anisopliae (Metschinkoff) (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) Against Trogoderma Granarium Everts (Coleoptera: Dermestidae), Adel Khashaveh
Adel Khashaveh
The Pathogenicity of Iranian isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae was evaluated against adults and larvae of Trogoderma granarium using immersion bioassay method. For each isolate, five aqueous suspensions were prepared in a logarithmic series from 1×105 to 1×109 conidia/ml. Each concentration was replicated four times. For each replicate, 30 adults or larvae were immersed in 5 ml of the suspension for 5 s. The entire assay replicated twice. All isolates were pathogenic to adults and larvae and mortality was elevated with increasing conidial concentration. Significant differences were detected among fungal isolates at different conidial concentrations. The cumulative mortality 10 days after …
The Use Of Entomopathogenic Fungus, Beauveria Bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. In Assays With Storage Grain Beetles, Adel Khashaveh
The Use Of Entomopathogenic Fungus, Beauveria Bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. In Assays With Storage Grain Beetles, Adel Khashaveh
Adel Khashaveh
Chemical insecticides have been widely employed for the control of storage grain pests. This has caused such problems as insecticide resistance along with contamination of foodstuffs with chemical residues. Thus, there is a growing interest in using pathogenic control agents as alternative. In this study, the potential of Beauveria bassiana (BbWeevil™, a commercial product containing 2×109 conidia g-1) was evaluated against adults of Tribolium castaneum, Sitophilus granarius and Oryzaephilus surinamensis. The experiments were carried out at the rates of 0, 250, 500, 750 and 1,000 mg kg-1 and exposure intervals of 5, 10 and 15 days, in 24±2°C and 50±5% …
Phenology Of Stable Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) Larvae In Round Bale Hay Feeding Sites In Eastern Nebraska., David B. Taylor, Dennis R. Berkebile
Phenology Of Stable Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) Larvae In Round Bale Hay Feeding Sites In Eastern Nebraska., David B. Taylor, Dennis R. Berkebile
David B Taylor
The temporal and spatial patterns of adult stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.), emergence from six sites where large round baled hay had been provided to pasture cattle as winter feed were studied using emergence traps. The substrate at these sites, consisting of waste hay mixed with bovine manure and urine, provided an excellent developmental habitat for immature stable flies. Stable flies were the most frequently collected fly emerging from these sites with a yearly average of 1,581 emerging per square meter. Stable fly emergence from these sites began in early May (235 annual accumulated Day-Degree 10° C [DD10]), peaked in …
The Composite Insect Trap: An Innovative Combination Trap For Biologically Diverse Sampling, Laura Russo, Rachel Stehouwer, J. Heberling, Katriona Shea
The Composite Insect Trap: An Innovative Combination Trap For Biologically Diverse Sampling, Laura Russo, Rachel Stehouwer, J. Heberling, Katriona Shea
Mason Heberling
No abstract provided.
Desempenho Do Bicho-Da-Seda (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) Sob O Efeito Da Adição De Minerais Nas Folhas De Amoreira Antes E Depois Do Trato Alimentar, Rodrigo Souza Santos Rss
Desempenho Do Bicho-Da-Seda (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) Sob O Efeito Da Adição De Minerais Nas Folhas De Amoreira Antes E Depois Do Trato Alimentar, Rodrigo Souza Santos Rss
Rodrigo Souza Santos RSS
No abstract provided.
First Report Of The House Fly Larvae, Musca Domestica (Linnaeus) (Diptera: Muscidae) Associated With The Monkey Carcass In Malaysia, Chen Chee Dhang
First Report Of The House Fly Larvae, Musca Domestica (Linnaeus) (Diptera: Muscidae) Associated With The Monkey Carcass In Malaysia, Chen Chee Dhang
Chen Chee Dhang
A study on insect succession of monkey carcass in a forested area in Ulu Gombak, Selangor, Malaysia was conducted from 9 May to 18 June 2007. The third instal: of the housefly, Musca domestica (Linnaeus) (Diptera: Muscidae) were only found on dry stage at a decomposed (Day-33) monkey carcass (Macaca fascicularis Raffles). This observation revealed that M. domestica maggots were found together with other muscid fly maggots, Hydrotaea (=Ophyra) spinigera (Stein) (Diptera: Muscidae) on dry stage of a carcass. However, the role of M. domestica on forensic entomological study remains unknown. This study recorded the first finding of M. domestica …
Dispersal Of Stable Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) From Larval Developmental Sites., David B. Taylor, Roger D. Moon, Jack B. Campbell, Dennis R. Berkebile, Philip J. Scholl, Alberto B. Broce, Jerome A. Hogsette
Dispersal Of Stable Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) From Larval Developmental Sites., David B. Taylor, Roger D. Moon, Jack B. Campbell, Dennis R. Berkebile, Philip J. Scholl, Alberto B. Broce, Jerome A. Hogsette
David B Taylor
Seven mark-recapture studies were conducted over 3 yr to assess dispersal of newly emerging adult stable flies, Stomoxys calcitrans L., from larval development sites in a mixed agricultural environment in northeastern Nebraska. Infested hay debris piles were marked by dusting their surfaces with fluorescent pigments, adults were captured with surrounding grids of Alsynite sticky traps, and specimens were dissected to determine feeding histories and reproductive age. Distances and directions of 3,889 marked specimens indicated males and females dispersed equally and in all directions. Midguts of males and females were equally likely to contain blood-meal remnants. Percentage with blood remnants and …
Control Of Tribolium Castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) With Spinosad Dust Formulation In Different Oilseeds, Adel Khashaveh
Control Of Tribolium Castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) With Spinosad Dust Formulation In Different Oilseeds, Adel Khashaveh
Adel Khashaveh
The insecticidal effect of spinosad dust, a formulation that contains 0.125% spinosad, was evaluated against adults of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) on 4 commodities: safflower, sunflower, sesame, and canola. Fifty grams of each commodities were treated with 3 doses of the formulation: 100, 200, and 300 ppm, (corresponding to 0.125, 0.25, and 0.375 mg kg–1 a.i., respectively) at 27 °C and 60 ± 5% relative humidity. The mortality of T. castaneum adults was measured after 1, 2, 7, 14, and 21 days of exposure. After the mortality count on day 21, all surviving insects were removed while the samples were kept …
New Models Of Emergence Traps For Endophytic Egg Parasitoids Capture, Rodrigo Souza Santos Rss
New Models Of Emergence Traps For Endophytic Egg Parasitoids Capture, Rodrigo Souza Santos Rss
Rodrigo Souza Santos RSS
For strain selection studies of natural enemies from the field, studies of behavior or even of taxonomy, capture of alive insects are of great importance. One alternative for obtaining adult parasitoids (Hymenoptera) is the use of emergency traps. Therefore, the objective of this work was to propose two models of emergency traps (traps like “box” and “bottle”), for obtaining alive endophytic egg parasitoids. The two models proposed were efficient in the capture of alive parasitoids, however a larger capture of specimens was observed in the “box” trap in relation to the e “bottle”, due to larger folioles storage inside the …
Description Of New Species Of Fidicinoides Boulard & Martinelli (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) From Brazil, Rodrigo Souza Santos Rss
Description Of New Species Of Fidicinoides Boulard & Martinelli (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) From Brazil, Rodrigo Souza Santos Rss
Rodrigo Souza Santos RSS
The examination of entomological collections of cicadas of several Brazilian institutions revealed three undescribed species in the genus Fidicinoides Boulard & Martinelli i.e., F. dolosa sp.n., F. carmenae sp.n. and F. rosabasalae sp.n. They are described and illustrated based on the male genitalia, the right anterior femur and the operculum.
Diversity And Spatial Distribution Of Ground Arthropods In Agroecosystems, Rodrigo Souza Santos Rss
Diversity And Spatial Distribution Of Ground Arthropods In Agroecosystems, Rodrigo Souza Santos Rss
Rodrigo Souza Santos RSS
The knowledge of the diversity and distribution of ground arthropods contributes for the development of sustainable agricultural systems. This work was carried out at the Paulista State University, Jaboticabal campus, State of São Paulo, Brazil, during the period from February to April 2004. The objective was to analyse the community of Carabidae, Staphylinidae, Formicidae e Araneae through faunistic indexes, to determine the spatial distribution and interespecific interactions of predominant species in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), corn (Zea mays L.) and rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.). The arthropods were sampled by pitfall traps distributed each 10 m in two …
Laboratory Bioefficacy Of Nine Commercial Formulations Of Temephos Against Larvae Of Aedes Aegypti (L.), Aedes Albopictus Skuse And Culex Quinquefasciatus Say, Chen Chee Dhang
Chen Chee Dhang
The bioefficacy of nine commercial formulations of temephos against Aedes agypti, Aedes albopictus and Culex quinquefasciatus larvae were evaluated in the laboratory. WHO larval bioassay with operational dosage of temephos at 1 mg/L was performed. The larval mortality was recorded every 5 minutes until complete mortality was achieved. All formulations of temephos exhibited various toxicity level against Ae. aegypti, Ae. albopictus and Cx. quiquefasciatus. Generally, larvae of Cx. quinquefasciatus was susceptible to all formulations of temephos, followed by Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus.
Surveillance Of Aedes Mosquitoes In A University Campus In Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Chen Chee Dhang
Surveillance Of Aedes Mosquitoes In A University Campus In Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Chen Chee Dhang
Chen Chee Dhang
Ovitrap surveillance was initiated for eight continuous weeks to determine the distribution and abundance of Aedes sp. mosquitoes in the University of Malaya campus, Kuala Lumpur and the impact of meteorological conditions on the Aedes populations. Two study areas within the campus were selected: Varsity Lake and Seventh Residential College. The abundance of Aedes populations in Varsity Lake was indicated by ovitrap index (OI) which ranged from 60.00% - 90.00%. The mean number of larvae per ovitrap, of Aedes albopictus in Varsity Lake ranged from 11.23 +/- 2.42 - 43.80 +/- 6.22. On the other hand, the outdoor OI for …
A New Method For Collecting Clean Stable Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) Pupae Of Known Age., Dennis R. Berkebile, Anthony P. Weinhold, David B. Taylor
A New Method For Collecting Clean Stable Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) Pupae Of Known Age., Dennis R. Berkebile, Anthony P. Weinhold, David B. Taylor
David B Taylor
Stable flies, Stomoxys calcitrans L., are important pests of confined and pasture cattle. They have been reared in the laboratory to study their biology and to test new methods of control. Research on rearing modifications has concentrated on developing larval diets from materials locally abundant. Under current protocols, pupae form in the medium. Aggregations of pupae were located and removed, often with a considerable amount of extraneous material. Various methods have been developed to separate the pupae from waste material. We describe a method by which wandering larvae are enticed to leave the medium prior to pupariation. The larvae were …
Hamadryas Visual Identification Guide, David W. Markman
Hamadryas Visual Identification Guide, David W. Markman
David W Markman
No abstract provided.
Pathogenicity Of Three Iranian Isolates Of The Fungus, Metarhizium Anisopliae (Metschinkoff) (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) Against Granary Weevil, Sitophilus Granarius (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Adel Khashaveh
Adel Khashaveh
No abstract provided.
First Report Of The Signal Fly, Scholastes Sp (Diptera: Platystomatidae) Visiting Animal Carcasses In Malaysia, Chen Chee Dhang
First Report Of The Signal Fly, Scholastes Sp (Diptera: Platystomatidae) Visiting Animal Carcasses In Malaysia, Chen Chee Dhang
Chen Chee Dhang
Signal fly, Scholastes sp. (Diptera: Platystomatidae) was observed associated with animal carcasses in Malaysia. The first observation was on a monkey carcass, which was killed by using a handgun and immediately placed in a forested area in Gombak, Selangor while the second observation was on a pig that died of natural causes and whose carcass was placed in an oil palm plantation in Tanjung Sepat, Selangor. Both animal carcasses were visited by Scholastes sp. flies during the fresh decomposition period. However, the role Scholastes flies in the decomposition process remains unknown. In this paper, we report the occurrence of Scholastes …