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Survivorship And Growth Of Sexually And Asexually Derived Larvae Of Alsophila Pometaria (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), Lawrence G. Harshman, Douglas J. Futuyma
Survivorship And Growth Of Sexually And Asexually Derived Larvae Of Alsophila Pometaria (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), Lawrence G. Harshman, Douglas J. Futuyma
School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications
A substantial body of theory is devoted to understanding the relative advantages of sexual and asexual reproduction. It is generally understood that asexual forms potentially have a higher rate of reproduction because they save the cost of producing males. The micro-evolutionary consequences of sexual and asexual reproduction are less clear. Sexual reproduction generates abundant genotypic diversity which may be adaptively advantageous (Williams 1975; Maynard Smith 1978). Asexual reproduction may perpetuate combinations of genes that are co-adapted (Templeton 1979), heterotic (Suomalainen et al. 1976; White 1979), or specialized (Vrijenhoek 1979, 1984). Thus, it is possible that the fitness of a sexual …
Extrafloral Nectaries On Plants In Communities Without Ants: Hawaii, Kathleen H. Keeler
Extrafloral Nectaries On Plants In Communities Without Ants: Hawaii, Kathleen H. Keeler
School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications
Since the Hawaiian Islands lack native ants, it was hypothesized that extrafloral nectaries, an ant-related mutualistic trait, should be lacking on native species. Presence of extrafloral nectaries (EFNs) on plants was determined by direct observation and related to vegetation structure and floral composition. Frequency of plants with EFNs was low by all possible comparisons. However, several endemic species had functional EFNs. The hypotheses to explain these anomalies are (1) phylogenetic inertia or (2) mutualism with some other organism than ants.