Life Sciences Commons^™

Two-Dimensional Analysis Of Skim Milk Proteins Using Preparative Isoelectric Focusing Followed By Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis, Hye-Hyun Y. Kim, Rafael Jiménez-Flores

Dairy Science

A preparative isoelectric focusing (IEF) method was applied to separate skim milk proteins using the Rotofor device in a pH 3-10 gradient containing 4 M urea/1% triton X-100. Each of the 20 fractions obtained from the Rotofor device was then analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). Both urea-PAGE and SDS-PAGE were used to separate purified caseins and skim milk resulting in comparable two-dimensional pattern. The major bovine caseins (α_s1, α_s2, β, κ-casein) were resolved better on urea-PAGE. The α_s1- and β -casein were focused at pH ~ 4.5 and 4.8, respectively, whereas α_{s2 …}

Selection And Development Of Replacement Beef Heifers, Norris J. Stenquist, James A. Bennett

Archived Agriculture Publications

Selection, development, management, and nutrition of heifer calves to be used as herd replacements are key factors in maintaining beef herd productivity. A cow/calf producer, to be successful, must have some goals or criterion for heifer selection and development. For practically all Utah cattle production areas, economics dictate that heifers must calve as two-year-olds. Heifers must be properly developed and managed to permit this. The following factors are important: Heifers should 1) become pregnant in the first 25 days of the breeding season, 2) give birth to a live calf with little or no calving difficulty, 3) raise a calf …

The Effects Of Feeding A High Level Of Rumen Protected Fat With Rumen Undegradable Protein With Or Without Niacin On Rumen Fermentation Characteristics, Apparent Nutrient Digestibility, And Milk Production In The Early To Mid Lactation Holstein Cow, Carlos Eduardo Batallas

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Forty high producing early to mid lactation Holstein cows were blocked according to stage of lactation and previous two-week milk yield (experiment 1). Eight ruminally and duodenally cannulated nonlactating Holstein cows were used for experiment 2. The objective was to determine the effects of the ration's high fat content (11.53%) when rumen degradable or rumen undegradable protein is fed with or without added niacin. Cows received one of five treatments: 1) basal ration (TMR); 2) basal ration with added rumen undegradable fat (RUF) (1.6 kg); soybean meal (SBM) (1.73 kg), and niacin (12 g); 3) same as treatment 2, without …

Effects Of Rumen Protein Degradability On Rumen Characteristics, Milk Production And Reproductive Performance In Holstein Dairy Cows, Mario Raul Figueroa

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Three non-lactating Holstein cows fitted with rumen cannula were used to determine crude protein and dry matter rate of disappearance of two protein supplements: 1) soybean meal and 2) bypass protein blend by using the in situ bag technique. Rate disappearance (%/hr) was higher for soybean meal. Two collection periods were completed using 6 cows with a minimum of 21 d adaptation to the treatment top dressed on to the total mixed ration. Ruminal concentration of ammonia N, blood ammonia, and urea did not differ between treatments. Total concentration of volatile fatty acids was higher for bypass protein blend-fed cattle …

1991-1992 Dairy Digest, South Dakota State University Dairy Club

Dairy Digest

No abstract provided.

Fish Meal As A Protein Source For Holstein Steer Calves (1992), J.L. Morrill, J.F. Laster, J.M. Morrill, A.M. Feyerherm

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Holstein steer calves (n = 96) were on experiment from 8 to 18 wk of age. Control calves were fed a diet in which all supplemental protein was from soybean meal; in the experimental diet, part of the soybean meal was replaced by fish meal. Both feeds were readily consumed, and consumption did not differ between treatments. Gains of calves fed fish meal were greater (P = .10) during the first 8 wk of the experiment; however, over the entire experiment, the difference was not significant. Overall results suggest that fish meal may improve weight gains and feed efficiency of …

Leukocyte Function In Vitro After Adding Vitamins A, E, And Beta-Carotene (1992), S.D. Eicher, J.L. Morrill, Frank Blecha

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Blood neutrophils and pulmonary alveolar macrophages isolated from calves at 3 and 6 wk of age were cultured in medium without added vitamins or supplemented with vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin A and vitamin E, or ßcarotene and vitamin E. Macrophage bactericidal activity improved with A-E supplementation compared to ß-carotene-E supplementation at wk 3. Neutrophil bactericidal activity decreased with all vitamin E treatments at wk 3 and with vitamins E and A-E at wk 6. Neutrophil phagocytosis improved at wk 3 with A, E, and A-E supplementations. The chemotactic index improved at wk 3 with ß-carotene- E compared to vitamin …

Somatic Cell Count Inversely Related To Potential Profits In Dairying (1992), James R. Dunham

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Somatic Cell Count (SCC) affects productivity of a dairy herd and, thus, potential profit. Almost all SCC problems can be solved by management. The DHIA SCC program is very useful for evaluating the situation in a dairy herd to solve such problems.; Dairy Day, 1992, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 1992;

Effect Of Yearly Milk Production On Average Days Open (1992), Edward P. Call

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Although there is a genetic antagonism between yearly production per cow and reproduction, analysis of Kansas Holstein herds suggests that managers of higher producing herds overcome this inverse relationship. Higher producing herds have fewer cows open at any given time, and those cows that are open average fewer days since last freshening. When open cows are categorized by days open, higher producing herds have fewer cows open more than 60 days, and especially fewer cows open more than 120 days.; Dairy Day, 1992, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 1992;

Ovarian Follicular Waves And Secretion Of Follicle-Stimulating Hormone After Administration Of Gnrh At Estrus (1992), J.R. Pursley, Jeffrey S. Stevenson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

An experiment was conducted to examine the effects of GnRH on the secretion of FSH, LH, estradiol, and progesterone in serum and changes in ovarian structures. Dairy cows were assigned randomly to receive either 100 μg of GnRH or saline 12 hr after estrus (day 0) was detected. Blood was collected daily to assess changes in serum estradiol and progesterone and every 12 min for 8 hr on days 8 and 15 after estrus to assess concentrations of FSH and LH. Diameter and number of follicles were determined daily by real-time ultrasonography. Two patterns of follicular development were observed. The …

Changes In The Western Australian Dairy Farm Industry, Ross Kingwell, Graham Annan

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Over the past decade, the number of dairy cows and the number of producers in the Western Australian dairy industry have steadily declined. The industry still relies heavily on market milk quotas for its profits, but recent export contracts have boosted profits from manufacturing milk production.

Market milk quotas remain unevenly distributed across the dairy regions and amongst quotaholders, although the regional distribution of quotas is changing.

Cheese Industry Conference 1992, Various Authors

Cheese Industry Conference

No abstract provided.

Land Use History: Universal Forest Products Mill Site, Susie Van Kirk

Susie Van Kirk Papers

A history of land use in post-settler Humboldt County, spanning from 1850-1992. This report discusses the process of industrialization in Humboldt County, focusing on the Arcata Creamery and the Arcata Mill. This report includes a history of how the logging, milling, and agriculture industries expanded and created the need for industry such as the Creamery and the Mill.

Waste Management: Regulations And Problems In Kansas (1992), Joseph P. Harner, James P. Murphy

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The dairy industry is receiving greater pressure to reduce its potential pollution to the environment. As the demand grows for cleaner streams, dairy operations will need to reduce and control the nutrient and sediment loading of the runoff leaving the farm vicinity. Existing dairy operations will need to evaluate the impact of manure storage and management on the environment. Costs of controlling the runoff must be weighed against new lot construction in an alternate location. Future dairy facilities will need to address current regulations and be designed for compliance with future and more stringent regulations.; Dairy Day, 1992, Kansas State …

Waste Management In The Production Dairy Industry (1992), C. Fulhage

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The impact of environmental regulation on livestock production enterprises is, inevitably, an increase in production costs. Producers should recognize that these are the costs of doing business and will probably have to be incurred by all producers who stay in business and remain viable. With proper input to the regulation process and implementation of practical and effective methods of manure management, most producers should be able to maintain viable enterprises.; Dairy Day, 1992, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 1992;

Evaluation Of Roasted Soybeans For Dairy Calves (1992), P.V. Reddy, J.L Morrill, L.S. Bates

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Diets containing soybeans roasted at different temperatures were fed to calves to investigate effects on growth and feed consumption. A growth trial was conducted using 84 Holstein calves from birth to 8 wk of age. The diets were formulated to contain 18% CP using soybeans roasted at 270 degrees F, 295 degrees F, or 325 degrees F. The overall feed consumption was greater for calves fed the diet containing beans roasted at either 270 or 295 degrees F than those fed the diet containing 325 degrees F beans. A similar trend was observed in weekly feed consumption. Gains were higher …

Induction Of Estrus In Thyroidectomized-Ovariectomized, Nonlactating, Holstein Cows (1992), R.E. Stewart, M.O. Mee, I. Rettmer, Jeffrey S. Stevenson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Low thyroid activity (hypothyroidism) has been reported to decrease sexual behavior associated with reproduction in several species. Using estradiol benzoate (EB) and progesterone (P ), we attempted to induce 4 estrus in hypothyroid cows. Thyroid glands (thyroidectomy) and ovaries (ovariectomy) were removed surgically from nonlactating and nonpregnant Holstein cows that were culled from the Kansas State University dairy herd. Eight cows were thyroidectomized and ovariectomized (THYOVEX) and another four cows were ovariectomized only (OVEX). Starting 9 hr after injection of EB, cows were continuously observed for estrus for 36 hr. Frequencies of mounting activity and standing behavior were recorded for …

Administering A Gnrh Agonist (Receptal) After Insemination Fails To Improve Pregnancy Rates At First Service (1992), I. Rettmer, R.E. Stewart, Jeffrey S. Stevenson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two experiments were performed to determine the influence of administering a highly potent agonist of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (Receptal) on various reproductive characteristics in dairy cows. In Experiment 1, lactating Holstein cows were treated with either saline (n = 51) or 8 μg of receptal (n = 50) on d 11 to 14 after estrus (d 0) and first service. Peak concentrations of LH, FSH, and progesterone, but not estradiol-17b, in blood serum were increased during 6 to 12 h after injection of Receptal. Pregnancy rates were unaffected by treatment. Concentrations of progesterone in blood serum were increased in nonpregnant and …