Life Sciences Commons^™

Effects Of Redwood Bark And Leaf Leachate On Different Lichen Populations Found Within The Redwood Forest Of Arcata, Ca, Courtney Michelle Harris, Phoebe Hughes

IdeaFest: Interdisciplinary Journal of Creative Works and Research from Cal Poly Humboldt

No abstract provided.

Wildflower Pollen Quality In Roadside Habitats, With Particular Emphasis On Hedera Helix, Aoife Mcmullin, Paul Hamilton

SURE Journal: Science Undergraduate Research Experience Journal

The quality of air is of more significance today than ever before. Human population growth and pollutants emitted through fossil fuel consumption put pressures on air quality. It is widely acknowledged that atmospheric pollutants negatively impact human health; the same is also true for the health of wildlife and plants exposed to these pollutants (Brunekreef & Holgate, 2002; EEA, 2019; Schiavoni, et al., 2017). Pollen and seed formation of flowering plants have been affected when grown in areas of poor air quality (Azzazy, 2016; Sénéchal, et al., 2015). The purpose of this research was to assess pollen of …

Agrobacterium Mediated Transformation Optimizations For Sugarcane (Saccharum Officinarum L.) Cultivar Spf-234 With Direct Organogenesis, Muhammad Nawaz, Naeem Iqbal, Rabia Hameed, Mehwish Mehwish, Shakra Jamil

Journal of Bioresource Management

Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is the most important food and energy crop worldwide. In the present study, an efficient Agrobacterium mediated transformation and regeneration system for sugarcane cultivar SPF-234 was established. Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains EHA101and LBA4404 using vector pIG121 Hm, having GUS, HPTII and NPTII genes were used. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and histochemical assays confirmed the GUS gene expression. A 620 bp fragment from GUS positive plants was amplified. The GUS expressing putative transformants were 35% of the total plants formed under 30 minute immersion time and 72 hr of incubation period. The co-cultivation media having 60 …

The Phytotherapeutic Arsenal In The Guerbes-Sanhadja Wetlands Complex (North East Of Algeria), Belaidi Abdelouahab, Beghami Yassine, Francisco Maria Vázquez, Souilah Nabila, Bendif Hamdi

Journal of Bioresource Management

This study documents indigenous medicinal flora - utilization, and was carried out in the Guerbes-Sanhadja wetland complex, between January 2018 and December 2020. The detailed information was gathered from users of medicinal plants mainly based on semi-structured interviews. A total of 102 plant species distributed in 48 families were found in practice by the natives for fulfilling their daily life requirements. The most frequently cited plants are: Myrtus communis L. (158 citations), Pistacia lentiscus L. (122) and Thymus vulgaris L. (97). Most of the medicinal species listed were herbs (68.93%). The phanerophytes (33.33%) and hemicriptophytes (27.45%) were the principal species …

The Role Of Α-Tocopherol In Mitigating The Effect Of Elevated Co2 Concentrations Emitted From The Al-Hunay Power Plant Main Station On Glycine Max L. Plants, Mohammed Abdulrahman Almuwayhi

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

Soybean (Glycine max L.), belonging to Leguminosae, is an essential food in Asian countries. It has become a necessity to study the long-term effects of elevated concentrations of CO₂ on plant growth and development. Climate change may be affected by the increment of CO₂ and higher temperatures on crops. Elevated concentrations of atmospheric CO₂ can negatively affect the yield as well as the quality of the field crops. Alpha-tocopherol is the major vitamin E compound found in leaf chloroplasts. This antioxidant deactivates photosynthesis-derived reactive oxygen species and prevents the propagation of lipid peroxidation by scavenging lipid …

Project Home Hydroponic Operations For Mars Exploration, Deanna Demattio, Nick Mcguire, Ruben A. Rosa Polonia, Benjamin T. Hufendick

Beyond: Undergraduate Research Journal

This report considers the challenges NASA, SpaceX, and other private companies will face in the approaching two decades when sending astronauts on missions to Mars. The longest exploration is planned to take place in the 2030's, sending a crew of, at minimum, four astronauts to Mars for a year of research. The research conducted is assisting space exploration companies’ with ways to grow a complete diet on a planet that does not receive enough sunlight. Agriculture in enclosed and buried structures on Mars will enable astronauts to conduct extended surface exploration missions. We evaluated a deep-water culture indoor hydroponics system …

Diversity, Ecology And Therapeutic Properties Of The Medicinal Plants In Ziban Region (Algeria), Nouidjem Yassine, Hadjab Ramzi, Khammar Hichem, Merouani Sakina, Bensaci Etayeb

Journal of Bioresource Management

With the aim to assess the floristic population diversity, distribution and therapeutic properties in the Ziban region (Algeria), a survey was conducted along two successive study years in the main area. The objective of this study was to contribute to the knowledge and description of this plant groups with exhaustive inventory spontaneous vegetation. In order to study the dynamics of medicinal plants, we used a quantitative method based essentially on the classic technique of linear surveys and floristic inventory using the minimum area method. The results showed that the floristic procession of medicinal plants is represented by 21 species belonging …

Ascorbic Acid (Asa) Improves Salinity Tolerance In Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) By Modulating Growth And Physiological Attributes, Hasnain Ishaq, Muhammad Nawaz, Muhammad Azeem, Mehwish Mehwish, Muhammad Bedar Bekhat Naseem

Journal of Bioresource Management

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important staple foods. High concentration of sodium chloride severely affects plants in general and wheat in specific. In this study the ameliorative effects of ascorbic acid (AsA) against sodium chloride stress were investigated in two commercial wheat cultivars (Galaxy 2013 and Akbar 2019). Experiments were conducted in three replicates. Two levels of salt (0, 150 mM) along with exogenous application of ascorbic acid (0, 30 mM, 60 mM) were applied at three leaves seedling stage. At the establishment of treatments, data regarding physiological, biochemical and yield attributes were …

Vascular Plants Of Northern Death Valley National Park (Death Valley, Last Chance Range, And Eureka Valley), Inyo County, California, Hester L. Bell, Sarah J. De Groot, Steve E. Schoenig

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

The northern portion of Death Valley National Park closely (but not entirely) corresponds to the northernmost portion of the Mojave Desert in California. From 2014 through 2019 we surveyed the vascular plants in the Eureka Valley, northern Last Chance Range, and northern Death Valley. This study area covers 1735 sq km and ranges in elevation from 810 to 2577 m; it contains the tallest sand dunes in California, a calcium-rich mountain range, and alkaline seeps. These features provide specialized habitats for narrowly and regionally endemic plants. Fossil data from packrat middens suggest that the local climate has become warmer and …

List Of Bryophytes Collected In The Northern Last Chance Range And Eureka Valley, Death Valley National Park, Sarah J. De Groot

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

A list of bryophytes occurring naturally in northern Death Valley National Park is presented. So far, 41 taxa have been documented, representing seven families and 24 genera. One species, Jaffueliobryum wrightii, is considered rare by the California Native Plant Society.

Contents, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Letter From The Faculty Editor, Beth Kegley

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Instructions For Authors, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Featured Faculty Mentor And Student Explore The Dynamics Of This Research Relationship, Alejandro Rojas, Evan Buckner

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Discovery: The Student Journal Of Dale Bumpers College Of Agricultural, Food And Life Sciences - Volume 22 2021, Several Authors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Baseline Sensitivity To Demethylation Inhibitors Fungicides In Cercospora Spp. And Corynespora Spp. In Arkansas Soybeans, Evan Buckner, Alejandro Rojas

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Cercospora spp. and Corynespora spp. are two common foliar fungal pathogens in Arkansas and other soybean-producing areas. Two primary diseases caused by Cercospora spp. are Cercospora Leaf Blight (CLB, caused mainly by C. kikuchii) and Frogeye Leaf Spot (C. sojina). Over time, many fungicides used to combat these diseases have become ineffective as the pathogens have developed a resistance to them. The class of the fungicide in question is Triazoles [Demethylation Inhibitors (DMI)–FRAC 3]. Fifteen isolates consisting of Corynespora cassiicola, Cercospora sojina, and Cercospora flagellaris were tested to determine baseline sensitivities using serial dilutions (0, 0.01, 1, 10, 50 mg/L) …

Phylogeny And Taxonomy Of A Novel Species Of Pseudocercospora From India, Archana Singh, Paras Nath Singh, Gopal Nath, Nawal Kishore Dubey

Turkish Journal of Botany

A new species of Pseudocercospora is described causing leaf spot disease on Crotalaria assamica from India. The identity of isolate was based on asexual morphs, cultural characteristics and phylogenetic analyses of partial nuclear ribosomal 28S large subunit and complete internal transcribed spacer rDNA sequence data with high statistical support value. Morphologically this species has characters similar to allied species in genus Pseudocercospora but differs in having catenate and branched conidia. Phylogenetic analysis using LSU and ITS reveals it a new species of >i>Pseudocercospora (Capnodiales, Mycosphaerellaceae).

The Involvement Of The Induction Of Anthocyanin Biosynthesis And Transport In Toxic Boron Responsive Regulation In Arabidopsis Thaliana, Ceyhun Kayihan

Turkish Journal of Botany

Recently, boron (B) has been found to form a complex with anthocyanin, which could be evidence for the B tolerance mechanisms that reduce free B in the leaf tissues of plants. However, the molecular mechanism of anthocyanin biosynthesis and transport has not been satisfactorily elucidated in plants exposed to toxic B. Therefore, the changes in expression levels of some of the phenylpropanoid pathway genes, early and late flavonoid biosynthetic genes, and transcription factors related to anthocyanin biosynthesis and transport were determined in Arabidopsis thaliana under B toxicity. Accordingly, 1 mM boric acid treatment did not cause any significant change in …

Physiological, Biochemical, And Metabolic Responses Of Abiotic Plant Stress: Salinity And Drought, Kiarash Jamshidi Goharrizi, Michael R. Hamblin, Soraya Karami, Maryam Nazari

Turkish Journal of Botany

The most important types of abiotic stress that affect agricultural crops throughout the world are drought and salinity. These stresses will continue to worsen as the current climate crisis progresses. Plants have evolved a complex set of mechanisms in order to protect themselves from salt and drought. At the macrobiological level, these include alterations in growth rate, water balance, antioxidant defenses, and photosynthesis. Altered metabolites include proline, carbohydrates, glycine betaine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, and polyamines. It is not surprising, thus, that one of the most important research areas of plant biology is the study of plant responses to abiotic stress and …

Letter From The Dean, Deacue Fields

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Late Summer Prescribed Fire On Botanical Composition, Soil Cover, And Forage Production In Caucasian Bluestem-Infested Rangeland In The Kansas Smoky Hills: Year 2 Of 4, M. P. Ramirez, A. J. Tajchman, Z. M. Duncan, J. Lemmon, K C. Olson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Objective:The objective was to document the effects late-summer prescribed fire on soil cover, botanical composition, and forage production in the Kansas Smoky Hills and the associated effects on dense Caucasian bluestem (Bothriochloa bladhii) stands therein.

Study Description:The study took place on a private ranch in Ellsworth County, in the Kansas Smoky Hills. Eighteen one-acre plots were assigned randomly to one of three prescribed-fire treatments: no burn, single burn (i.e., one burn treatment only in 2019), or biennial burn (i.e., two burn treatments in 2019 and 2021). Soil cover, plant composition, and forage production were evaluated annually. …

Achene Micromorphology Of The Genus Potentilla L. (Rosaceae) In Iran And Its Systematicapplication, Samira Sadeghi, Marzieh Beygom Faghir, Farideh Attar, Ali Alaami

Turkish Journal of Botany

Achene micromorphological evidence belonging to 32 species of Potentilla from Iran were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Multivariate analysis was used to estimate the potential contribution of the quantitative and qualitative traits to the species relationships. Based on the present results, the achene micromorphological traits exhibited considerable variations. The SEM observations revealed 4 types of achene shapes, 4 main types and 6 sub types of surface patterns, 3 types of wax, 8 types, 15 subtypes, and 4 categories of sculpturing, 2 types of anticlinal cell boundaries, and 3 types of outer periclinal walls. In addition, the results demonstrated variations …

Genetic Structure Of Zannichellia L. Populations According To Mountain Barriers In Iranas Revealed By Issr And Srap Markers, Shabnam Abbasi, Saeed Afsharzadeh, Mehri Dinarvand

Turkish Journal of Botany

Zannichellia L. (Potamogetonaceae) is a widespread aquatic genus that is distributed in temperate and subtropical aquatic ecosystems worldwide. Because the biogeographical location of Iran includes mountain ranges and deserts that may cause different habitat types, it was assumed that these Zannichellia populations would be stronger differentiated than observed in Zannichellia from temperate regions. The present study aimed to test whether Z. palustris would demonstrate high levels of genetic differentiation over long distances and across mountain ranges. The genetic structure of the populations of Zannichellia was investigated using inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) and sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) as molecular markers. …

Metabolite Profiling, Distribution Of Secretory Structures, And Histochemistry Incurculigo Orchioides Gaertn. And Curculigo Latifolia Dryand. Ex W.T.Aiton, Abdul Halim Umar, Diah Ratnadewi, Mohamad Rafi, Yohana C. Sulistyaningsih, Hamim Hamim

Turkish Journal of Botany

Curculigo orchioides and Curculigo latifolia (Hypoxidaceae) have been widely used as traditional medicines in Indonesia and other Asian countries for antihyperglycemic, aphrodisiac, antioxidant, and antimicrobial treatments. This work aimed to determine the distribution of secretory structures and metabolites. Metabolite profiling approach of the plant organs was determined by UHPLC-QOrbitrap-HRMS. Histochemical-based techniques on rhizome, root, petiole, and leaf, with transversal sections on fresh samples, were prepared using a razor blade to determine the secretory structures of the plants, followed by plant anatomy procedures. Histochemical analysis was carried out using several reagents to detect the metabolites. Metabolite profiling revealed several classes of …

Design Of Microemulsion Formulations Loaded Scutellaria Salviifolia Benth, Sideritis Libanotica Labill. Subsp. Linearis (Bentham) Bornm, And Ziziphora Clinopodioides Lam.Extracts From Turkey And In Vitro Evaluation Of Their Biological Activities, Umay Merve Güven, Serpi̇l Demi̇rci̇ Kayiran, Abdurrahman Aygül, Merve Nenni̇, Sali̇ha Kirici

Turkish Journal of Botany

The species belonging to the Lamiaceae family have been useful tools for many years as a folk remedy. In the present study, a microemulsion system was developed with extract of Scutellaria salviifolia Benth (endemic), Sideritis libanotica Labill. subsp. linearis (Bentham) Bornm (endemic), and Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. Both and related microemulsion formulations were also investigated for their potential biological activities. Pseudo-ternary phase diagrams of formulations were constructed consisting of oil/ mixed surfactant/water emulsion system and a quaternary component. Antioxidant activity was determined by using 1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging method. For antimicrobial activity determination, on the other hand, microdilution method …

A New Teucrium L. (Lamiaceae) Species From South Anatolia (Turkey), Ömer Çeçen, Taner Özcan

Turkish Journal of Botany

In this study, a member of sect. Teucrium, hitherto undescribed as a new species, was analyzed based on morphological and micromorphological features and molecular findings. The closest species of the new species were defined according to leaf morphology via morphological characters. Leaf, stem, and nutlet trichome types were obtained and compared with resembling species. Moreover, two different DNA region sequences were used to evaluate its proper phylogenetic position in the section. The new species was described as Teucrium turcicum Çeçen & Özcan based on the results of using different approaches. According to our observations, flower color, leaf structure, and shape …

Altered Water Relations, Selective Nutrient Uptake, And Reduced Na+ Flux Makehalopeplis Perfoliata An Obligate Halophyte, Sarwat Ghulam Rasool, Muhammad Zaheer Ahmed, Abdul Hameed, Bilquees Gul

Turkish Journal of Botany

Halopeplis perfoliata, a succulent halophyte of coastal marshy habitats, was grown in a greenhouse to study its adaptive responses in terms of growth, osmoregulation, and N-metabolism following one-month exposure to salinity (0, 150, 300, and 600 mmol L-1 NaCl). Biomass was optimal in 150 mmol L-1 NaCl with unaltered malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. On the other hand, biomass remained comparable to non-saline control with some increase in MDA in 300 and 600 mmol L-1 NaCl. Osmotic potential (?S ) was maintained up to 300 mmol L-1 NaCl that correlated with an increase in succulence (SC) and lower water deficit (WD), whereas …

A Rich Fading Biocultural Diversity?A Review Of Traditional Herbal Teas Used By Minorities In The Balkans, Muhammad Abdul Aziz, Andrea Pieroni, Syed Abidullah, Anely Nedelcheva

Turkish Journal of Botany

Ethnobotanical studies focusing on medicinal plant ingredients have always been conducted with the aim of protecting the local ecological knowledge (LEK) of these natural resources. In the globalized world, the rapid loss of biodiversity and cultural and linguistic homogenization have threatened the survival of the planet, together with leading us towards an extinction crisis. In this extreme situation, LEK is also facing serious challenges, especially that of minorities where the pressure is manifold. A number of studies have been carried out among minority groups in recent times, and scientists are attempting to devise solid policy recommendations to celebrate their LEK …

Phenolic Content, Antibacterial, Antioxidant, And Toxicological Investigations Oferodium Guttatum (Geraniaceae) Collected From The Northeast Of Morocco, Hanae Naceiri Mrabti, Latifa Doudach, Mohamed Reda Kachmar, Abdelaziz Ed Dra, Zineb Khali, Nidal Naceiri Mrabti, Kaoutar Benrahou Benrahou, Khouloud Harraqui, Gökhan Zengi̇n, Abdelhakim Bouyahya, Moulay El Abbes Faouzi

Turkish Journal of Botany

Erodium genus contains several medicinal traditionally used and pharmacologically explored. However, Erodium guttatum has not been well valorized. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of E. guttatum extracts in addition to their toxicity. To achieve the objectives of this study, methanol and aqueous extracts of E. guttatum were prepared. Then, antibacterial activity was evaluated against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 43816, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 14028, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, and Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 13932 by disc diffusion and broth microdilution methods. The antioxidant activity was …

New Additions To Turkish Mycota From Ankara, Balıkesir, And Kütahya Provinces, Deni̇z Altuntaş, Fuat Bozok, Hatira Taşkin, Şanli Kabaktepe, Hakan Alli, Ilgaz Akata

Turkish Journal of Botany

The current research was conducted on the fungal materials collected from Ankara, Balıkesir, and Kütahya provinces between 2015 and 2019. As a result of the field and laboratory studies, Conocybe dentatomarginata, Entoloma lampropus, Lactarius lilacinus, Otidea nannfeldtii and Sarcopeziza sicula are reported for the first time from Turkey based on macro- and micromorphological studies and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA-based molecular phylogeny. Descriptions of new records are provided together with photos showing their macro and micro-morphology.