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How Does Antibiotic Resistance Spread In Tuberculosis?, Julie A. Spencer
How Does Antibiotic Resistance Spread In Tuberculosis?, Julie A. Spencer
Shared Knowledge Conference
The ancient bacterial disease of tuberculosis (TB) is curable with antibiotics, but according to the World Health Organization, in 2016 over 10 million people became infected with the disease. 600,000 of these cases were resistant to antibiotics, yet the worldwide treatment success rate for drug resistant TB is only 54%. Furthermore, strains exist now that are resistant to all known antibiotics. In the current environment of global travel, this poses a risk for emergent epidemics of drug resistant TB. In this study, I asked: after an antibiotic resistant strain has evolved in someone’s lungs, how does it spread? It is …
Engage A Voice, Repress Fatigue; The Coincident Evolution Of Hominin Vocalization And A Metabolic Threshold, Galen A. Morton 9935238, Martin L. Morton
Engage A Voice, Repress Fatigue; The Coincident Evolution Of Hominin Vocalization And A Metabolic Threshold, Galen A. Morton 9935238, Martin L. Morton
Shared Knowledge Conference
Physiologically self-protective mechanisms borne from hominin evolutionary history that increase survivability are not unknown to science. In reviewing exercise science literature regarding testing and assessment measures of subjects talking while exercising, a logical question has materialized: To what degree has evolution facilitated synchronization of comfortable oral communication with sustainable exercise intensity? An individual able to engage a voice, represses fatigue. The Talk Test, is a practical strategy whereby a subject deliberately speaks during an exercise protocol. It is a common tool in both kinesiology and clinical fields because it inherently identifies a pivotal metabolic threshold. The coincidence of comfortable ability …
Mechanisms For The Spread Of Antibiotic Resistance In Tuberculosis, Julie Allison Spencer
Mechanisms For The Spread Of Antibiotic Resistance In Tuberculosis, Julie Allison Spencer
Shared Knowledge Conference
Tuberculosis (TB) is currently the ninth leading cause of death for humans worldwide, causing 10.4 million new infections in 2016. According to the World Health Organization, of these infections, 600,000 were antibiotic resistant. However, the treatment success rate for resistant TB was only 54%. The potential for emergent epidemics of drug resistant TB highlights the need to understand the mechanisms for the spread of resistance. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacterium that causes TB, evolves resistant strains within individuals who are being treated with antibiotics. It has been assumed previously that the resistant characteristics of these strains are spread primarily by the …