Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Keyword
-
- Drosophila melanogaster (2)
- Mitochondria (2)
- Adenosine triphosphate (1)
- Beadex (1)
- CG10654 (1)
-
- Embryos (1)
- Fruit fly (1)
- GlyR (1)
- Glycine receptor (1)
- Glycolysis (1)
- Hydrogen peroxide (1)
- Hyper7 and cultured mammalian cells (1)
- Lactate dehydrogenase (1)
- Mitochondrial dysfunction (1)
- Motor neurons (1)
- Muscle structure (1)
- Neural activation (1)
- Neuroblastoma (1)
- Phosphofructokinase (1)
- ROS (1)
- Synaptic plasticity (1)
- Transcription factors (1)
Articles 1 - 6 of 6
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Towards A New Role Of Mitochondrial Hydrogen Peroxide In Synaptic Function, Cliyahnelle Z. Alexander
Towards A New Role Of Mitochondrial Hydrogen Peroxide In Synaptic Function, Cliyahnelle Z. Alexander
Student Theses and Dissertations
Aerobic metabolism is known to generate damaging ROS, particularly hydrogen peroxide. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive molecules containing oxygen that have the potential to cause damage to cells and tissues in the body. ROS are highly reactive atoms or molecules that rapidly interact with other molecules within a cell. Intracellular accumulation can result in oxidative damage, dysfunction, and cell death. Due to the limitations of H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide) detectors, other impacts of ROS exposure may have been missed. HyPer7, a genetically encoded sensor, measures hydrogen peroxide emissions precisely and sensitively, even at sublethal levels, during …
Examining Transcriptional Regulators During Muscle Development In Drosophila Melanogaster, Chaamy Yapa
Examining Transcriptional Regulators During Muscle Development In Drosophila Melanogaster, Chaamy Yapa
Student Theses and Dissertations
In Drosophila melanogaster embryos, a distinct approach to study the transcriptional regulation is to examine the larval somatic muscle development. Transcription factors are essential regulatory proteins that help to control gene expression and respond to signaling pathways and various cues. Today, there are at least twenty transcription factors that have been discovered to contribute to the development of the 30 distinct larval somatic muscles in each abdominal hemisegment of Drosophila melanogaster. Several studies have already been conducted on muscle regulatory transcription factors including midline and apterous. These transcription factors were shown to control the development of muscles through mutant …
The Effects Of Glycolytic Mutations In Drosophila Melanogaster Muscle Development, Coco Lim
The Effects Of Glycolytic Mutations In Drosophila Melanogaster Muscle Development, Coco Lim
Student Theses and Dissertations
Muscle atrophy, or muscle wasting, is caused due to lack of physical activity for an extended period of time, due to muscle diseases (such as muscle dystrophies), cancer chemotherapies, and aging. It is also extensively found on astronauts after spaceflight, particularly missions of long durations. Muscle cells are dependent on different metabolic pathways to optimize Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production to compensate for muscle exertion. Glycolysis converts glucose into ATP producing pyruvate, which can be sent into the citric acid cycle or converted to lactate (lactic acid). Muscles preferentially use lactate production, despite the fact that fewer molecules of ATP are …
Mitochondrial Distribution Of Glycine Receptors In Motor Neuron Cell Lines, Katsiaryna Milashevich
Mitochondrial Distribution Of Glycine Receptors In Motor Neuron Cell Lines, Katsiaryna Milashevich
Student Theses and Dissertations
Although non-essential, glycine plays an important role in major metabolic reactions and is most known for its anti-inflammatory effects. An accumulation of contemporary research has shown that glycine is able to stabilize membrane potential using glycine receptors at the cellular level and to protect mitochondrial function directly, whether it is from inflammation, heavy metal poisoning, or ischemia-induced neuroinflammation. In this research, the existence of a hypothetical mitochondrial glycine receptor is examined. Immunofluorescence imaging was used to examine the presence of the glycine receptor subunits alpha 1 and alpha 2 in both non- differentiated and differentiated neuroblastoma cell lines. The preliminary …
The Effect Of Protein Import On Membrane Potential, Ruth Hartke
The Effect Of Protein Import On Membrane Potential, Ruth Hartke
Student Theses and Dissertations
Mitochondria are essential organelles often referred to as the “power plants” of eukaryotic cells. Energy conversion in mitochondria relies on oxidation of metabolite intermediates by protein components of the electron transport chain and establishment of an electrochemical gradient across the inner membrane. Some of the proteins involved are encoded by mitochondrial DNA, but the vast majority, over 98%, has to be imported from the cytosol. Protein import complexes form pores in the outer and inner membranes to mediate the process. However, opening of these pores would in theory jeopardize formation of the electrochemical gradient. In this study we examined this …
Study Of Alternative Functions Of The Mitochondrial Protein Bak, Ma Su Su Aung
Study Of Alternative Functions Of The Mitochondrial Protein Bak, Ma Su Su Aung
Student Theses and Dissertations
Research in the past 15 years has established roles for the pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and Bak in release of death signaling molecules from mitochondria. The process involves relocation of cytoplasmic Bax into the mitochondrial outer membrane to form a giant pore, MAC. Another MAC component, Bak, is constitutively present in the outer membrane regardless of apoptotic stimulation. In this study we investigated the role of Bak in mitochondrial function outside the context of apoptosis. We examined the effects of Bak elimination on emission of reactive oxygen species from mitochondria. Our results indicate a disturbance of free-radical production both in cultured …