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Biology

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2016

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Articles 1981 - 1989 of 1989

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Determination Of Cyclic-Di-Gmp- Controlled Gene Expression In A Pharmacologically Important Bacterium, Morgan A. Stark Jan 2016

Determination Of Cyclic-Di-Gmp- Controlled Gene Expression In A Pharmacologically Important Bacterium, Morgan A. Stark

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Projects

The second messenger molecule cyclic dimeric GMP (c-di-GMP) regulates a myriad of processes in gram-negative bacteria. However, less is known about the roles it plays in gram-positive bacteria. Differential gene expression in three strains of the gram-positive bacterium, Streptomyces coelicolor, is being studied using RNA sequencing and Real Time PCR to gain insight into c-di-GMP signaling. The rmdA rmdB (regulator of morphology and development) double mutant was compared to the wild type strain known as MT1110. The rmdA and rmdB genes are needed for the formation of aerial mycelium, an important step in the life cycle of Streptomyces coelicolor (Hull …

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Label-Free Quantitative Proteomics Reveals A Novel Sgta/Peroxiredoxin I Complex That Regulates Androgen Receptor Activity, Yenni Alejandra Garcia Jan 2016

Label-Free Quantitative Proteomics Reveals A Novel Sgta/Peroxiredoxin I Complex That Regulates Androgen Receptor Activity, Yenni Alejandra Garcia

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

The dynamic Hsp70-90 chaperone machinery along with its cochaperone partners are well-characterized for their ability to fold, assemble, and regulate steroid hormone receptors (SHRs). Human small glutamine rich tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) containing protein alpha (SGTA) is a recently identified protein that has a characteristic Hsp90-binding TPR domain and is a key participant in the androgen, glucocorticoid, and progesterone receptor signaling pathway. In addition, SGTA plays a role in cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and apoptosis. We have demonstrated that SGTA binds directly to both Hsp70 (kd = 6 μM) and Hsp90 (kd = 11 μM). In a cell-free …

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Comparative Proteomic Analysis Of Extracellular Vesicles From Prostate Cancer-Derived Cell Lines, Gloria Polanco Jan 2016

Comparative Proteomic Analysis Of Extracellular Vesicles From Prostate Cancer-Derived Cell Lines, Gloria Polanco

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the leading non-cutaneous malignancy and the second deadliest among American men. PCa mortality rates among African American men are much higher than any other ethnic group, and the same is true for men of African ancestry world-wide. There is also a lack of reliable diagnostic markers and effective treatment options. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been observed to play an important role in cancer processes such as promotion of tumor growth and metastasis. They are also a promising source of diagnostic markers. This study addresses these problems by studying the proteome of EVs derived from PCa cells …

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Interleukin 10 Restores Gastric Emptying, Electrical Activity, And Interstitial Cells Of Cajal Networks In Diabetic Mice, Anthony J. Bauer Dec 2015

Interleukin 10 Restores Gastric Emptying, Electrical Activity, And Interstitial Cells Of Cajal Networks In Diabetic Mice, Anthony J. Bauer

Anthony Bauer

Background and Aims—Gastroparesis is a complication of diabetes, characterized by delayed emptying of stomach contents and accompanied by early satiety, nausea, vomiting, and pain. No safe and reliable treatments are available. Interleukin 10 (IL10) activates the M2 cytoprotective phenotype of macrophages and induces expression of heme oxygenase 1 (HO1) protein. We investigated whether IL10 administration could improve gastric emptying and reverse the associated cellular and electrical abnormalities in diabetic mice.
Methods—Non-obese diabetic mice with delayed gastric emptying were given either IL10 (0.1-1μg, twice/day) or vehicle (controls). Stomach tissues were isolated, and sharp microelectrode recordings were made of the electrical activity …

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Spatial Capture–Recapture: A Promising Method For Analyzing Data Collected Using Artificial Cover Objects, Chris Sutherland, David Mun'oz, David Miller, Evan Grant Dec 2015

Spatial Capture–Recapture: A Promising Method For Analyzing Data Collected Using Artificial Cover Objects, Chris Sutherland, David Mun'oz, David Miller, Evan Grant

Chris Sutherland

Spatial capture–recapture (SCR) is a relatively recent development in ecological statistics that provides a spatial context for estimating abundance and space use patterns, and improves inference about absolute population density. SCR has been applied to individual
encounter data collected noninvasively using methods such as camera traps, hair snares, and scat surveys. Despite the widespread use of capture based surveys to monitor amphibians and reptiles, there are few applications of SCR in the herpetological literature. We demonstrate the utility of the application of SCR for studies of reptiles and amphibians by analyzing capture–recapture data from Red-Backed Salamanders, Plethodon cinereus, collected using …

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Spatial Capture–Recapture Models Allowing Markovian Transience Or Dispersal, J. Royle, Angela Fuller, Chris Sutherland Dec 2015

Spatial Capture–Recapture Models Allowing Markovian Transience Or Dispersal, J. Royle, Angela Fuller, Chris Sutherland

Chris Sutherland

Spatial capture–recapture (SCR) models are a
relatively recent development in quantitative ecology, and
they are becoming widely used to model density in studies
of animal populations using camera traps, DNA sampling
and other methods which produce spatially explicit individual
encounter information. One of the core assumptions
of SCR models is that individuals possess home ranges that
are spatially stationary during the sampling period. For
many species, this assumption is unlikely to be met and,
even for species that are typically territorial, individuals
may disperse or exhibit transience at some life stages. In
this paper we first conduct a simulation study …

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Responses Of Four Arthropod Prey Species To Mechanosensory, Chemosensory And Visual Cues From An Arachnid Predator: A Comparative Approach, Scott Kight Dec 2015

Responses Of Four Arthropod Prey Species To Mechanosensory, Chemosensory And Visual Cues From An Arachnid Predator: A Comparative Approach, Scott Kight

Scott Kight

Comparisons of multiple invertebrate prey species to direct predator sensory cues are relatively uncommon. We compared prey responses to arachnid predators (Araneae: Lycosidae) of four species: Blattella germanica (Blattodea: Blattellidae), Acheta domesticus (Orthoptera: Gryllinae), Armadillidium vulgare (Oniscidea: Armadillidae), and Porcellio laevis (Oniscidea: Porcellionidae). Prey experienced combinations of direct mechanosensory, chemosensory or visual cues. All species responded to all cues, but response structure differed among species. Mechanosensory and chemosensory predator cues elicited frequent shifts between behaviors, whereas visual stimuli tended to diminish responses. Mechanosensory stimuli produced the most extreme responses, particularly in crickets and cockroaches, but responses to mechanosensory stimuli diminished …

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Evolution Of Electrogenic Ammonium Transporters (Amts), Tami Mcdonald, John M. Ward Dec 2015

Evolution Of Electrogenic Ammonium Transporters (Amts), Tami Mcdonald, John M. Ward

Tami McDonald

No abstract provided.

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Local Parasite Lineage Sharing In Temperate Grassland Birds Provides Clues About Potential Origins Of Galapagos Avian Plasmodium, Iris Levin, Rachel E. Colborn, Daniel Kim, Noah G. Perlut, Rosalind B. Renfrew, Patricia G. Parker Dec 2015

Local Parasite Lineage Sharing In Temperate Grassland Birds Provides Clues About Potential Origins Of Galapagos Avian Plasmodium, Iris Levin, Rachel E. Colborn, Daniel Kim, Noah G. Perlut, Rosalind B. Renfrew, Patricia G. Parker

Iris Levin

No abstract provided.

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