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Animal Sciences

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

1999

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Articles 91 - 107 of 107

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Effects Of Post-Bleeding Vascular Infusion Of Cattle With A Solution Of Sugars, Sodium Chloride, And Phosphates With Or Without Vitamin C On Carcass Traits, Warner-Bratzler Shear Forces, And Palatability (1999), E.J. Yancey, T.E. Dobbels, E. Katasanidis, Michael E. Dikeman, Edgar Chambers Iv Jan 1999

Effects Of Post-Bleeding Vascular Infusion Of Cattle With A Solution Of Sugars, Sodium Chloride, And Phosphates With Or Without Vitamin C On Carcass Traits, Warner-Bratzler Shear Forces, And Palatability (1999), E.J. Yancey, T.E. Dobbels, E. Katasanidis, Michael E. Dikeman, Edgar Chambers Iv

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two groups of grain-finished, crossbred Charolais steers were utilized to determine the effects of post-bleeding vascular infusion on dressing percentages, USDA quality and yield grades, Warner-Bratzler shear force values, and flavor. Nine steers from one group of 18 were infused with a solution containing sugars, sodium chloride, and a phosphate blend (MPSC), and the remaining nine steers served as noninfused controls. Nine in the second slaughter group of 18 were MPSC-infused, and nine were infused with the MPSC solution plus 500 ppm vitamin C (MPSC+C). The MPSC cattle had a 2.9% higher mean dressing percentage (P.05) on Warner-Bratzler shear force …

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Modeled, Multistage Convection Cooking Of Beef Semitendinosus Roasts To Denature Collagen And To Optimize Tenderness (1999), T.H. Powell, Melvin C. Hunt, Michael E. Dikeman Jan 1999

Modeled, Multistage Convection Cooking Of Beef Semitendinosus Roasts To Denature Collagen And To Optimize Tenderness (1999), T.H. Powell, Melvin C. Hunt, Michael E. Dikeman

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

In order to predict and establish cooking times and temperatures of beef to optimize tenderness and cooked yield, a computer model was developed utilizing heat and mass transfer theories. We cooked beef semitendinosus (eye of round) roasts in a forced-air convection oven using conventional or modeled, multistaged cooking. Conventional cooking was defined as cooking at 325EF to a core endpoint of 150EF. The model method was developed using a computer algorithm that predicted heat and moisture (mass) transfer during a three-stage cooking process that included preheating, holding, and finishing. The model was accurate in predicting actual cooking times and temperatures …

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Runoff Compliance For Kansas Cattle Feedlots (1999), James P. Murphy, Joseph P. Harner Jan 1999

Runoff Compliance For Kansas Cattle Feedlots (1999), James P. Murphy, Joseph P. Harner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

As the demand grows for cleaner water, feedlots will need to reduce and control the nutrient and sediment loading of runoff. Existing confined feedlots will need to evaluate their runoff potential. Costs of controlling the runoff must be weighed against new lot construction on an alternate location. New feedlot facilities will need to address current regulations and be designed for compliance with future regulations.

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Sources Of Variability In Fed-Cattle Grid Pricing (1999), J.L. Graff, Ted C. Schroeder Jan 1999

Sources Of Variability In Fed-Cattle Grid Pricing (1999), J.L. Graff, Ted C. Schroeder

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Price variability among carcasses increases with a change from live-weight to dressedweight to grid pricing. Grid pricing has the largest price variability, because the price for each carcass is influenced by all of the components of the grid, rather than all cattle selling for the same live or dressed price. Therefore, producers selling on a grid need to have knowledge about the expected carcass merit of their cattle. We used data on 11,703 head of cattle to determine which grid pricing components influence price variability the most and to measure how much price variability increases from grid pricing, relative to …

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Evaluation Of Springtime Deworming Strategies For Beef Cow/Calf Pairs (1999), M.L. Pfeifer, J.C. Baker, J.T. Seeger, Dale A. Blasi, Glenn E. Newdigger Jr. Jan 1999

Evaluation Of Springtime Deworming Strategies For Beef Cow/Calf Pairs (1999), M.L. Pfeifer, J.C. Baker, J.T. Seeger, Dale A. Blasi, Glenn E. Newdigger Jr.

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A field study was conducted at three different locations in south central Kansas to determine the effects of Dectomax® (DECTO) or Ivomec PO® (IVO) compared to no treatment (CONT) on the liveweight gain and reproductive performance of beef cow/calf pairs. Across all three locations, no differences occurred among treatments in cow and calf live weight gain, cow body condition, pregnancy rate, or age of fetus (P>.05). Low egg counts suggest that the parasite load was too low for a response to parasite control.

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Fixed-Time Insemination Of Suckled Beef Cows. 1. Select Synch, Cosynch, And Their Combination (1999), K. E. Thompson, G.C. Lamb, Jeffrey S. Stevenson, David M. Grieger Jan 1999

Fixed-Time Insemination Of Suckled Beef Cows. 1. Select Synch, Cosynch, And Their Combination (1999), K. E. Thompson, G.C. Lamb, Jeffrey S. Stevenson, David M. Grieger

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

As in our previous studies, the GnRH + PGF2" treatment was very effective in inducing a fertile estrus and(or) ovulation. Ovulations induced in response to the first GnRH injection averaged 48% in three herds and ranged from 44 to 56%. The proportion of 536 cows that were cycling at the beginning of the breeding season averaged 48% and ranged from 35 to 59%. Conception rate was greater in Select Synch cows (those inseminated after detected estrus) than in cows in other breeding treatments. Pregnancy rates tended to be greater in Select Synch cows than in cows of other treatments. A …

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Feeding Raw Soybeans To Finishing Cattle (1999), T.T. Marston, K.K. Kreikemeier, J.F. Gleghorn, G.L. Huck, T.J. Wistuba Jan 1999

Feeding Raw Soybeans To Finishing Cattle (1999), T.T. Marston, K.K. Kreikemeier, J.F. Gleghorn, G.L. Huck, T.J. Wistuba

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two finishing trials were performed to determine if raw soybeans could be incorporated into diets to partially replace soybean meal and beef tallow. Our data indicated that no sacrifices in animal performance, feed efficiency, and carcass quality will occur if cattle feeders replace soybean meal and tallow with raw dryrolled soybeans. The feeding value of raw soybeans is equal to .8 times the value of 44% CP soybean meal plus .2 times the value of fancy bleachable tallow. Raw soybeans contain the enzyme, urease, which converts urea to ammonia. Therefore, caution should be used in mixing raw soybeans with urea-containing …

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Evaluating Corn And Corn Gluten Feed In Growing Cattle Diets As A Replacement For Roughage (1999), N.G. Whitham, C.M. Coetzer, R.D. Hunter, James S. Drouillard, Dale A. Blasi, Evan C. Titgemeyer Jan 1999

Evaluating Corn And Corn Gluten Feed In Growing Cattle Diets As A Replacement For Roughage (1999), N.G. Whitham, C.M. Coetzer, R.D. Hunter, James S. Drouillard, Dale A. Blasi, Evan C. Titgemeyer

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A 99-day study was conducted to evaluate growth performance of 216 beef heifers (average 524 lb) fed traditional roughage-based diets at 2.75% of body weight or limit-fed highconcentrate diets containing corn or corn gluten feed fed at 2.0% of body weight. Dietary treatments included roughage plus corn, roughage plus corn gluten feed, limit-fed corn, limitfed corn with added Smartamine®-ML (providing 10 g/day ruminally protected lysine), limitfed corn gluten feed, and limit-fed corn gluten feed with added Smartamine. Adding Smartamine-ML to the diet did not improve performance significantly compared to unsupplemented groups (P>.30). Limit-fed diets containing corn and corn gluten …

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Effects Of Virginiamycin Or Monensin Plus Tylosin On Ruminal Fermentation Characteristics In Steers Fed Dry-Rolled Corn With Or Without Wet Corn Gluten Feed (1999), S.E. Ives, A. Del Barrio, D.J. Bindel, Evan C. Titgemeyer, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja Jan 1999

Effects Of Virginiamycin Or Monensin Plus Tylosin On Ruminal Fermentation Characteristics In Steers Fed Dry-Rolled Corn With Or Without Wet Corn Gluten Feed (1999), S.E. Ives, A. Del Barrio, D.J. Bindel, Evan C. Titgemeyer, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A study was conducted to evaluate effects of virginiamycin and monensin plus tylosin on ruminal fermentation characteristics in steers fed dry rolled corn-based finishing diets with or without wet corn gluten feed. Ruminal pH was higher, concentrations of volatile fatty acids were lower, and ciliated protozoal numbers were higher in steers fed diets with wet corn gluten feed. Including virginiamycin or monensin plus tylosin had few effects on the ruminal fermentation characteristics we measured. Including wet corn gluten feed appeared to stabilize the ruminal fermentation.

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Limiting Amino Acids For Growing Cattle Fed Diets Based On Soybean Hulls (1999), H. Greenwood, C.A. Löest, Evan C. Titgemeyer Jan 1999

Limiting Amino Acids For Growing Cattle Fed Diets Based On Soybean Hulls (1999), H. Greenwood, C.A. Löest, Evan C. Titgemeyer

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Ruminally cannulated Holstein steers were used in three nitrogen balance experiments to determine the sequence of limiting amino acids for growing steers fed soybean hull-based diets. The steers in all experiments were fed the same basal diet (73% soybean hulls, 19% alfalfa, DM basis; formulated to minimize rumen undegradable intake protein and thus maximize microbial protein postruminally) and were given the same intraruminal infusions (400 grams per day acetate; to increase energy supply without increasing microbial protein supply). In experiment 1, treatments consisted of abomasal infusions of: water (control, no amino acids); Lmethionine; and a mixture of 10 essential amino …

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Comparison Of Revalor®-S And Synovex® Plus™ Implants For Heavyweight, Short-Fed, Yearling Steers (1999), Gerry L. Kuhl, A.S. Flake, James S. Drouillard Jan 1999

Comparison Of Revalor®-S And Synovex® Plus™ Implants For Heavyweight, Short-Fed, Yearling Steers (1999), Gerry L. Kuhl, A.S. Flake, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred four Hereford x Angus steers averaging 897 lb were implanted with Revalor®- S or Synovex® Plus™ and fed a high concentrate diet for 82 days. Feed efficiencies and daily gains were not different between the two implant groups. Although most carcass characteristics were similar, Revalor-S tended (P<.09) to yield a higher percentage of carcasses that graded USDA Choice or better.

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Estimates Of Heritabilities And Genetic Correlations In Polled Hereford Cattle Selected For Feed Conversion (1999), J.B. Jr. Glaze, R.R. Schalles Jan 1999

Estimates Of Heritabilities And Genetic Correlations In Polled Hereford Cattle Selected For Feed Conversion (1999), J.B. Jr. Glaze, R.R. Schalles

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Performance records of 1459 Polled Hereford cattle were analyzed to estimate heritabilities and genetic correlations of beef cattle traits from birth to maturity. Estimates of heritability (h2) for birth weight (BWT), weaning weight (WWT), yearling weight (YWT), scrotal circumference (SC), yearling height (YHT), mature height (MHT), and mature weight (MWT) were moderate to high, with the exception of WWT (h2 = .14), and ranged from .38 to .72. The traits associated with feed conversion, daily feed intake (INT), average daily gain (ADG), and feed conversion (CONV) had heritabilities of .24, .25, and .14, respectively. Genetic correlations (rg) between the growth …

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Comparative Value Of Dry-Rolled Corn, Distiller’S Dried Grains, And Wheat Middlings For Receiving Diets (1999), S.E. Ives, D.W. Anderson, R.H. Wessels, James S. Drouillard Jan 1999

Comparative Value Of Dry-Rolled Corn, Distiller’S Dried Grains, And Wheat Middlings For Receiving Diets (1999), S.E. Ives, D.W. Anderson, R.H. Wessels, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two 28-day receiving experiments were conducted using 620 exotic x British cross steers to evaluate differences in growth performance, morbidity, and mortality when fed diets containing dry-rolled corn, distiller's dried grains with solubles, or wheat middlings. All diets contained approximately 60% concentrate and 40% roughage (alfalfa hay). Gain and efficiency tended to be poorer for cattle fed the wheat middling-based diet than for those fed corn. No notable differences were evident in terms of the percentage of cattle treated for respiratory disease. Feed intake and daily gain were improved slightly when corn was replaced by distiller's dried grains, but efficiency …

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Effect Of Level Of Non-Enzymatically Browned Soybean Meal In Limit-Fed, Grain Sorghum Diets For Growing Heifers (1999), R.D. Hunter, James S. Drouillard, Evan C. Titgemeyer Jan 1999

Effect Of Level Of Non-Enzymatically Browned Soybean Meal In Limit-Fed, Grain Sorghum Diets For Growing Heifers (1999), R.D. Hunter, James S. Drouillard, Evan C. Titgemeyer

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Grain sorghum-based diets were fed in a limit-feeding trial involving 72 heifers for 100 days. Heifers were fed one of four diets designed to provide 12.5%, 14.9%, 17.3%, and 19.6% crude protein. Protein levels in the diets were altered by providing up to 20% of the diet as non-enzymatically browned soybean meal (Soypassâ) at the expense of dry-rolled grain sorghum. Performance of heifers (gain and feed efficiency) tended (P=.15) to improve linearly as protein concentration of the diets was increased. The greatest improvements were observed at concentrations up to 17.3%.

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Effect Of Ruminal Versus Postruminal Administration Of Degradable Protein On Utilization Of Low-Quality Forage By Beef Steers (1999), C.A. Bandyk, R.C. Cochran, T.A. Wickersham, C.G. Farmer, Evan C. Titgemeyer Jan 1999

Effect Of Ruminal Versus Postruminal Administration Of Degradable Protein On Utilization Of Low-Quality Forage By Beef Steers (1999), C.A. Bandyk, R.C. Cochran, T.A. Wickersham, C.G. Farmer, Evan C. Titgemeyer

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Twelve ruminally fistulated steers were used to evaluate the effects of supplying a highly degradable protein source (casein) both ruminally and postruminally on intake and digestibility of low-quality native hay. Both protein supplementations substantially increased voluntary intake, organic matter digestion, rate of passage, ruminal ammonia, and blood urea concentrations, but intakes were considerably greater when protein was given ruminally as opposed to postruminally.

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Performance Of Growing Heifers Fed Prairie Hay And Supplemented With Alfalfa And(Or) Cooked Molasses Blocks Of Different Protein Concentrations (1999), D.J. Bindel, R.D. Hunter, T. Nutsch, Evan C. Titgemeyer, James S. Drouillard Jan 1999

Performance Of Growing Heifers Fed Prairie Hay And Supplemented With Alfalfa And(Or) Cooked Molasses Blocks Of Different Protein Concentrations (1999), D.J. Bindel, R.D. Hunter, T. Nutsch, Evan C. Titgemeyer, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Crossbred heifers (683 lb; n = 175; 30 pens) were used to evaluate alfalfa and cooked molasses block supplementation to prairie hay. Treatments were arranged in a 2x3 factorial with the factors being 0 or 5 lbs of alfalfa supplementation, and supplementation with no block or with low or high protein blocks (analyzed to contain 14.4 and 27.5% crude protein, respectively). Heifers had ad libitum access to prairie hay and salt. The experiment was 89 days, with heifers fed blocks for 84 days. During days 5 to 19, heifers had ad libitum access to blocks. Thereafter, access was restricted to …

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Impacts Of Wheat Milling By-Products In Supplements On The Intake And Digestion Of Steers Consuming Low-Quality Forage (1999), C.G. Farmer, R.C. Cochran, D.D. Simms, J.S. Heldt, C.P. Mathis Jan 1999

Impacts Of Wheat Milling By-Products In Supplements On The Intake And Digestion Of Steers Consuming Low-Quality Forage (1999), C.G. Farmer, R.C. Cochran, D.D. Simms, J.S. Heldt, C.P. Mathis

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Sixteen ruminally fistulated steers were used to evaluate the effects of feeding supplements containing combinations of two wheat-milling by-products on forage intake, digestibility, and ruminal characteristics. The by-products accounted for 47 to 49% of each supplement and were as follows: 1) 100% wheat bran; 2) 67% wheat bran, 33% second clears; and 3) 33% wheat bran, 67% second clears. All supplements contained about 30% CP. Compared with unsupplemented controls, forage intake and digestibility were significantly higher for supplemented steers. However, no differences occurred among by-product treatments. In conclusion, if the protein content is adequate, the choice of bran (high digestible …

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