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Animal Sciences

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Journal

1996

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Articles 31 - 60 of 113

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Implant Strategies For Finishing Calves (1996), C.T. Milton, Robert T. Brandt Jr., Gerry L. Kuhl, P.T. Anderson Jan 1996

Implant Strategies For Finishing Calves (1996), C.T. Milton, Robert T. Brandt Jr., Gerry L. Kuhl, P.T. Anderson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two hundred-sixteen Angus and Angus-cross steer calves (690 lb) were used in a 129- day finishing study to evaluate different implant strategies, including an experimental new implant for feedlot cattle that contains 28 mg of estradiol benzoate and 200 mg of trenbolone acetate (EBTBA). Treatments were 1) nonimplanted control, 2) implanted and reimplanted with Synovex-Sfi, 3) single initial implant with EBTBA, 4) single initial implant with Revalor-Sfi, 5) implanted with Synovex-S and reimplanted with EBTBA, and 6) implanted and reimplanted with EBTBA. Initial implants and reimplants were administered on day 0 and 63, respectively. All implant treatments increased feed intake, …

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The Influence Of Various Levels Of Supplemental Starch And Degradable Intake Protein On Prairie Hay Intake And Digestion By Beef Steers (1996), R.C. Cochran, E.S. Vanzant, Evan C. Titgemeyer, Timothy J. Jones, K. C. Olson Jan 1996

The Influence Of Various Levels Of Supplemental Starch And Degradable Intake Protein On Prairie Hay Intake And Digestion By Beef Steers (1996), R.C. Cochran, E.S. Vanzant, Evan C. Titgemeyer, Timothy J. Jones, K. C. Olson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A study was conducted to determine the effect of varying the amount of supplemental degradable intake protein (DIP) and starch on prairie hay intake and digestibility. In general, DIP increased forage intake, whereas starch decreased intake. Diet digestibility also improved with increasing DIP; however, the effect of starch on digestion depended on the level of feeding. Digestible dry matter intake (which estimates total energy input) responded dramatically to DIP but not to starch. These results illustrate the positive effect of DIP on forage intake and digestibility; however, supplying additional starch within a DIP level appeared to have minimal effect on …

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Bacterial Flora Of Liver Abscesses From Feedlot Cattle Fed With Or Without Tylosin (1996), A.B. Beharka, L.H. Carroll, A.P. Raun, S.B. Laudert, J.C. Parrott, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja, M. M. Chengappa Jan 1996

Bacterial Flora Of Liver Abscesses From Feedlot Cattle Fed With Or Without Tylosin (1996), A.B. Beharka, L.H. Carroll, A.P. Raun, S.B. Laudert, J.C. Parrott, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja, M. M. Chengappa

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Fusobacterium necrophorum was the predominant bacterial isolate from liver abscesses of feedlot cattle fed with or without tylosin. The major difference in the bacterial flora of liver abscesses between cattle groups was the higher incidence of Actinomyces pyogenes in the tylosin-fed cattle. Because the minimum inhibitory concentration of tylosin was not different between bacterial isolates from cattle in the two treatments, we concluded that continuous feeding of tylosin does not induce resistance. The source of A. pyogenes infection and significance of A. pyogenes interaction with F. necrophorum in tylosin-fed cattle are not known.

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National Forage Survey Results: Trace Mineral And Related Nutrient Levels (1996), L. Corah, D. Dargatz, C. Peters Jan 1996

National Forage Survey Results: Trace Mineral And Related Nutrient Levels (1996), L. Corah, D. Dargatz, C. Peters

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A National Forage Survey was conducted in 18 states to determine the trace mineral and related nutrient content of forages grown in the United States. Most forages sampled were harvested hays utilized as winter feed for beef cow herds. The trace element most commonly deficient in the forages sampled was zinc. Copper and cobalt levels were adequate in 36 and 34.1% of the samples, respectively. In contrast, manganese was adequate (above 40 ppm) in 76% of the samples and was deficient (below 20 ppm) only in 4.7%. The copper antagonists, such as iron and molybdenum, were marginal to high in …

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Examination Of Pork Marketing Margins (1996), Ted C. Schroeder, J Mintert Jan 1996

Examination Of Pork Marketing Margins (1996), Ted C. Schroeder, J Mintert

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

This study analyzes recent changes observed in pork, farm-to-wholesale and wholesale-to-retail, marketing margins. Although the inflation-adjusted, farm-to-wholesale margin has declined over the last 25 years, the wholesale-to-retail margin has increased. Pork producers need to know why these trends have occurred so they better understand pork marketing margin determinants as they develop policy positions and consider vertical marketing alliances.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 21, 1996

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Effects Of High Oil Corn And Fat Level On Growth Performance Of Nursery Pigs (1996), J R. Bergstrom, C J. Samland, Jim L. Nelssen, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband Jan 1996

Effects Of High Oil Corn And Fat Level On Growth Performance Of Nursery Pigs (1996), J R. Bergstrom, C J. Samland, Jim L. Nelssen, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of adding high oil corn to nursery diets as compared to other sources of fat. The results of both studies suggest that addition of fat to the nursery pig diet, regardless of the source, has no significant influence on growth performance until late in the nursery phase.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 21, 1996

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Reducing Bovine Leukosis In Dairy Cattle (1996), John F. Smith, Gerald L. Stokka, R.K Scoby, Anne T. Van Jan 1996

Reducing Bovine Leukosis In Dairy Cattle (1996), John F. Smith, Gerald L. Stokka, R.K Scoby, Anne T. Van

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Bovine leukosis virus (BLV) is a cancerous condition of tissues in which lymph nodes and lymphocytes are affected. Infected cattle may be identified by testing blood sera for BLV antibodies using the agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) test that requires 2 days for processing. Most dairy farms have infected animals, but the condition is not considered important because less than 1% of infected cattle show clinical signs. However, many of these cows are culled because of poor milk production or reproductive performance. Procedures for reducing and(or) eliminating the disease are outlined. Results obtained at the Kansas State University Dairy Teaching and …

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Financial Performance Measures For Kansas Beef Cow Farms (1996), Michael R. Langemeier Jan 1996

Financial Performance Measures For Kansas Beef Cow Farms (1996), Michael R. Langemeier

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Financial performance measures assist managers in making strategic plans and tracking progress in relationship to a farm's goals. Kansas Farm Management Association data were used to compute average financial performance measures by herd size for beef cow farms. Farms with over 200 cows derived a larger percent of their income from beef cow production, tended to be large r in terms of gross farm income and total assets, were more profitable, and had lower debt ratios. Differences in financial performance among beef cow farms suggest that comparisons should be made only with herds that are similar in size.

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The Use Of Real-Time Ultrasound To Model The Growth Performance And Lysine Requirements Of Growing-Finishing Pigs On Commercial Farms (1996), J W. Smith Ii, A P. Schinckel, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Steven S. Dritz Jan 1996

The Use Of Real-Time Ultrasound To Model The Growth Performance And Lysine Requirements Of Growing-Finishing Pigs On Commercial Farms (1996), J W. Smith Ii, A P. Schinckel, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Eighty pigs, 40 barrows and 40 gilts, on two commercial finishing operations were used to model growth and accretion rates. Major differences were observed between the two farms. This analysis indicates that real-time ultrasound can be used to develop lean and lipid accretion curves for formulating farm-specific diets that optimize lean growth performance in commercial operations; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 21, 1996

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Effects Of Fat And Sodium Bicarbonate On Growth Performance And Stomach Morphology In Finishing Pigs (1996), S P. Sorrell, I H. Kim, Robert H. Hines, G A. Kennedy, L L. Burnham, Joe D. Hancock Jan 1996

Effects Of Fat And Sodium Bicarbonate On Growth Performance And Stomach Morphology In Finishing Pigs (1996), S P. Sorrell, I H. Kim, Robert H. Hines, G A. Kennedy, L L. Burnham, Joe D. Hancock

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Pigs fed diets with soybean oil consumed less feed; grew more efficiently; and had greater last-rib backfat thickness, keratosis, and ulceration in their stomachs than pigs fed diets without soybean oil. Pigs fed diets with NaHC03 tended to eat more feed and had numerically greater ADG, but feed/gain and carcass measurements were not affected. NaHC03 decreased ulceration scores only for pigs fed diets without added fat.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 21, 1996

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Dietary Methionine Requirement For Optimal Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics In Finishing Gilts (1996), J A. Loughmiller, Michael D. Tokach, Evan C. Titgemeyer, J R. Bergstrom, I H. Kim, J W. Smith Ii, W B. Nessmith, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband Jan 1996

Dietary Methionine Requirement For Optimal Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics In Finishing Gilts (1996), J A. Loughmiller, Michael D. Tokach, Evan C. Titgemeyer, J R. Bergstrom, I H. Kim, J W. Smith Ii, W B. Nessmith, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

In Exp. 1, increasing dietary methionine from .12 to .22% (.10 to .20% apparent digestible methionine) in diets containing excess cystine had no effect on ADG, ADFI, 10th rib fat depth, and longissimus muscle area in finishing gilts from 130 to 190 lb. However, increasing dietary methionine tended to linearly improve feed efficiency. In Exp. 2, increasing dietary methionine from .11 to . 17% (. 10 to . 15% apparent digestible methionine) in diets containing excess cystine resulted in linear improvements in ADG, ADFI, and F/G in finishing gilts from 160 to 230 lb. Quadratic improvements were observed for F/G. …

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Dietary Total Sulfur Amino Acid Requirement For Optimal Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics In Finishing Gilts (1996), J A. Loughmiller, Michael D. Tokach, Evan C. Titgemeyer, I H. Kim, J R. Bergstrom, J W. Smith Ii, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen Jan 1996

Dietary Total Sulfur Amino Acid Requirement For Optimal Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics In Finishing Gilts (1996), J A. Loughmiller, Michael D. Tokach, Evan C. Titgemeyer, I H. Kim, J R. Bergstrom, J W. Smith Ii, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Finishing gilts (initially 163 lb) were fed .58% total lysine (.50% apparent digestible) and total sulfur amino acid (TSAA) concentrations of .26, .285, .31, .335, and .36% (.225 to .325% apparent digestible). These values represent TSAA: lysine ratios of 45, 50, 55, 60, and 65%. Results suggest a linear decrease in ADG and ADFI along with poorer F/G with increasing TSAA levels. However, gilts fed .285% TSAA (50% of lysine) had the best ADG and F/G. No effect was observed on any carcass criteria. Based on the results of this study, the TSAA requirement is not greater than .285% total …

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Evaluation Of The Total Sulfur Amino Acid Requirement Of Finishing Pigs (1996), J A. Loughmiller, J W. Smith Ii, J R. Bergstrom, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen Jan 1996

Evaluation Of The Total Sulfur Amino Acid Requirement Of Finishing Pigs (1996), J A. Loughmiller, J W. Smith Ii, J R. Bergstrom, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Sixty four gilts (initially 120 lb) were used to evaluate the effects of increasing total sulfur amino acid (TSAA):lysine ratios on growth performance and carcass characteristics. Diets included two levels of lysine (.55% and .70% total lysine) and three TSAA:lysine ratios (60, 65, and 70% of lysine) arranged in a 2 x 3 factorial. A tendency for a lysine x TSAA interaction was observed for ADG and ADFI. Increasing TSAA:lysine ratio decreased ADG and ADFI in pigs fed .55% lysine; however, ADG and ADFI were increased in pigs fed .70% lysine and 65% TSAA:lysine. Pigs fed .70% lysine had improved …

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Influence Of Lysine Concentration On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finishing Pigs (1996), Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 1996

Influence Of Lysine Concentration On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finishing Pigs (1996), Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We used a total of 11,653 pigs to examine the influence of a lysine phase-feeding regimen on growth performance and carcass characteristics in finishing pigs. We found that the lysine regimen did not affect ADG. Also, the low-lysine regimen was adequate for maximizing growth performance and carcass characteristics of barrows. However, the low-lysine regimen was inadequate to optimize feed efficiency in gilts. Further analysis indicated that the largest differences in feed efficiency were for the 115 to 160 lb period in gilts. Later in the growth period, feed efficiency of gilts was similar across dietary lysine regimens.; Swine Day, Manhattan, …

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The Effects Of Supplementing Growing-Finishing Pig Diets With Carnitine And(Or) Chromium On Growth And Carcass Characteristics (1996), J W. Smith Ii, B T. Richert, K Q. Owen, J R. Bergstrom, W B. Nessmith Jr, S A. Blum, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach Jan 1996

The Effects Of Supplementing Growing-Finishing Pig Diets With Carnitine And(Or) Chromium On Growth And Carcass Characteristics (1996), J W. Smith Ii, B T. Richert, K Q. Owen, J R. Bergstrom, W B. Nessmith Jr, S A. Blum, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Eighty crossbred gilts (initially 83 lb) were used to examine the effects of 50 ppm carnitine and(or) 200 ppb chromium from chromium nicotinate on growth performance and carcass characteristics. In this trial, adding carnitine and(or) chromiunm to the diets of high-lean growth finishing gilts did not increase carcass leanness. However, the combination of carnitine and chromium improved the color characteristics of the longissimus muscle.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 21, 1996

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The Effects Of Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome (Prrs) Vaccination On Postweaning Growth Performance (1996), S D. Pretzer, K M. Claussen, J R. Bergstrom, Steven C. Henry, R Phillips, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 1996

The Effects Of Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome (Prrs) Vaccination On Postweaning Growth Performance (1996), S D. Pretzer, K M. Claussen, J R. Bergstrom, Steven C. Henry, R Phillips, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We evaluated the effects of a modified-live virus vaccine for PRRS virus on nursery growth performance. The pigs used in this study were obtained from a herd with substandard nursery growth performance attributed to PRRS virus infection. We failed to detect the presence of active circulating field strain virus in either the controls or vaccinated pigs. However, we did detect a strain similar to the vaccine virus strain on d 34 after weaning in the vaccinated pigs. The vaccinated pigs had poorer growth performance from d 7 to 14 after vaccination and were lighter in weight for the remainder of …

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Effects Of Split-Nursing Management On Growth Performance In Nursing Pigs (1996), T S. Donovan, Steven S. Dritz Jan 1996

Effects Of Split-Nursing Management On Growth Performance In Nursing Pigs (1996), T S. Donovan, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We evaluated the effects of split nursing the lightest 50% of pigs per litter or the lightest and heaviest 50% of pigs per litter at birth on growth performance until weaning. We did not observe any effects of split nursing on growth performance in pigs from litter sizes<9 at birth. Additionally, we did not observe a difference in mean ADG or pig weight at weaning. However, we did observe a reduction in the variation of ADG between litters. The resulting decrease in variation leads to approximately a 55% (1.3 vs 3.0) reduction in pigs weighing less than 8 lb at weaning. We conclude that the greatest economic benefits are derived from split nursing the lightest 50% of pigs from litter sizes greater than or equal to 9.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 21, 1996

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Effects Of Different Specialty Protein Sources On Growth Performance Of Starter Pigs (1996), J C. Woodworth, R E. Musser, J A. Loughmiller, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen Jan 1996

Effects Of Different Specialty Protein Sources On Growth Performance Of Starter Pigs (1996), J C. Woodworth, R E. Musser, J A. Loughmiller, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two hundred and ten weanling pigs were fed diets containing either soybean meal, spray-dried blood meal, spray-dried red blood cells, select menhaden fish meal, or synthetic amino acids. From d 0 to 7 postweaning, pigs fed either spray-dried whole blood meal or red blood cells had greater ADG and ADFI than pigs fed select menhaden fish meal or added synthetic amino acids. However, from d °to 14 and 0 to 21, no differences in growth performance occurred among pigs fed the various protein sources. However, pigs fed added synthetic amino acids had poorer ADG compared with the mean for pigs …

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The Effects Of Experimental Potato Protein On Starter Pig Growth Performance (1996), C A. Kerr, J R. Bergstrom, R E. Musser, W B. Nessmith Jr, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen Jan 1996

The Effects Of Experimental Potato Protein On Starter Pig Growth Performance (1996), C A. Kerr, J R. Bergstrom, R E. Musser, W B. Nessmith Jr, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

This study suggested that experimental potato protein can be an effective replacement for a portion of spray-dried animal plasma in starter diets. Pigs fed combinations of experimental potato protein and spray-dried plasma had greater ADG than those fed either protein source alone. In phase II diets, pigs fed experimental potato protein had similar ADG and FIG compared with those fed spray-dried blood meal and select menhaden fish meal.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 21, 1996

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The Effects Of Dietary Energy Density And Lysine:Calorie Ratio On The Growth Performance Of The 20 To 55 Lb Pig (1996), J W. Smith Ii, W B. Nessmith Jr, J R. Bergstrom, K Hongtrakul, J A. Loughmiller, R E. Musser, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen Jan 1996

The Effects Of Dietary Energy Density And Lysine:Calorie Ratio On The Growth Performance Of The 20 To 55 Lb Pig (1996), J W. Smith Ii, W B. Nessmith Jr, J R. Bergstrom, K Hongtrakul, J A. Loughmiller, R E. Musser, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 336 barrows (initially 21.8 lb and 31 ± 2 d of age) was used to evaluate the results of increasing levels of choice white grease and lysine:calorie ratio on pig performance. Increasing levels of both choice white grease and lysine:calorie ratio improved the growth rate and efficiency of pigs fed from 20 to 55 lb.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 21, 1996

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The Effect Of Ingredient Processing And Diet Complexity On Growth Performance Of The Segregated Early-Weaned Pig (1996), K Hongtrakul, J R. Bergstrom, I H. Kim, W B. Nessmith, Robert D. Goodband, Keith C. Behnke, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen Jan 1996

The Effect Of Ingredient Processing And Diet Complexity On Growth Performance Of The Segregated Early-Weaned Pig (1996), K Hongtrakul, J R. Bergstrom, I H. Kim, W B. Nessmith, Robert D. Goodband, Keith C. Behnke, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A 14-day growth trial was conducted to determine the interactive effects of ingredient processing and diet complexity on growth performance of segregated early-weaned pigs. Three processing combinations were used with either a simple or complex diet formulation in 2 x 3 factorial arrangement. Diets were pelleted (control); the corn was moist-extruded, then the complete diet pelleted (extruded); or the complete diet was expanded then pelleted (expanded). An interaction was observed between ingredient processing and diet complexity. Pigs fed the control or extruded diets had improved growth performance as diet complexity increased. However, pigs fed the expanded diets showed little response …

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Evaluation Of Various Specialty Protein Sources As Replacements For Spray-Dried Animal Plasma In Diets For Segregated Early-Weaned Pigs (1996), W B. Nessmith Jr, J R. Bergstrom, J A. Loughmiller, J W. Smith Ii, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 1996

Evaluation Of Various Specialty Protein Sources As Replacements For Spray-Dried Animal Plasma In Diets For Segregated Early-Weaned Pigs (1996), W B. Nessmith Jr, J R. Bergstrom, J A. Loughmiller, J W. Smith Ii, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We used high-health status, weanling pigs to evaluate six different protein sources as replacements for spray-dried animal plasma. Spray-dried blood meal, spray-dried egg, spray-dried wheat gluten, extruded soy protein concentrate, select menhaden fish meal, and soybean meal each replaced 2.5 or 5.0% spray-dried animal plasma. Pigs fed increasing levels of spray-dried blood meal, spray-dried egg, or soybean meal had decreased ADFI; however, increasing levels of select menhaden fish meal, extruded soy protein concentrate, and spray-dried wheat gluten had no influence or increased ADFI. For the high-health pigs used in this trial, select menhaden fish meal, extruded soy protein concentrate, and …

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Probiotic Frozen Yogurt Containing High Protein And Calcium (1996), M.S. Forbes, I.J. Jeon, Karen A. Schmidt Jan 1996

Probiotic Frozen Yogurt Containing High Protein And Calcium (1996), M.S. Forbes, I.J. Jeon, Karen A. Schmidt

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A new frozen yogurt manufacturing procedure that is easily adaptable to the current practices of the frozen yogurt industry has been developed with probiotic culture and ultrafiltrated milk. The ultrafiltrated milk was heated to 185 degrees F for 35 min to obtain a desirable gel structure when fermented with the traditional yogurt culture of Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus. Probiotic cultures (Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus spp.) were added to the yogurt mix just before freezing. The yogurt mix was frozen to an 85% overrun and hardened at -20 degrees F. The frozen product contained viable culture organisms at greater than or …

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Planning Milking Facilities For Dairy Expansion (1996), John F. Smith Jan 1996

Planning Milking Facilities For Dairy Expansion (1996), John F. Smith

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Construction of a new milking center or remodeling existing milking parlors is a very important decision that can dramatically affect the labor efficiency and profitability of a dairy. Dairy producers should set reasonable goals for present and future needs. All options and configurations of the milking center should be considered and evaluated on a 15-yr planning horizon. Milking parlors should be designed to allow use of a full milking hygiene and add flexibility in management of the parlor.; Dairy Day, 1996, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 1996;

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Flotation Therapy For Downer Cows (1996), Metre D.C. Van, Jean G. St., J. Vestweber Jan 1996

Flotation Therapy For Downer Cows (1996), Metre D.C. Van, Jean G. St., J. Vestweber

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Cattle that become recumbent (unable to get up) as the result of calving difficulty, low blood calcium, traumatic injuries, or other disorders are prone to develop subsequent pressure damage of muscles, nerves, and areas of skin. The resulting medical problems that are secondary to prolonged recumbency may be more life-threatening than the initial medical disorder that caused recumbency. Flotation therapy is an effective means of physical therapy for rehabilitation of "downer" cattle. A description of flotation therapy and data from the first year of use of the flotation tank at the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, Kansas State University, are presented.; …

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How Should Milk Be Priced In The Future? (1996), Bob Cropp Jan 1996

How Should Milk Be Priced In The Future? (1996), Bob Cropp

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Milk pricing will continue to change. Clearly, the dairy industry will continue the trend toward MCP. The federal dairy price support program will terminate at the end of 1999. Changes will occur in federal order pricing. The FAIR ACT of 1996 requires some changes. Pricing provisions must be market oriented. The U.S. dairy industry must be competitive internationally. Federal order provisions must provide less rather than more regulation. Federal order prices must be minimum prices allowing for industry pricing above those prices. Markets are national. Hence, California should be a part of the same pricing system. Compacts such as the …

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Hormonal And Behavioral Characteristics Associated With The Onset Of Radiotelemetric-Detected Estrus (1996), G.C. Lamb, D.P. Hoffman, Y. Kobayashi, Jeffrey S. Stevenson Jan 1996

Hormonal And Behavioral Characteristics Associated With The Onset Of Radiotelemetric-Detected Estrus (1996), G.C. Lamb, D.P. Hoffman, Y. Kobayashi, Jeffrey S. Stevenson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The objective of this study was to examine changes in ovarian steroids in relation to the onset of first standing estrus detected by pressure-sensitive rump-mounted devices (ABS HeatWatch® [HW]). Twenty Holstein heifers were treated with PGF on days 5 to 8 (early) 2a or 12 to 15 (late) of the estrous cycle to induce estrus. The following traits were different (P<.05) in early vs late heifers: serum progesterone before PGF (2.3 vs 5 ± .3 ng/ml); 2a interval from PGF to estrus (HW devices: 42 2a vs 52.4 ± 2.8 hr or visual: 45 vs 57 ± 2.5 hr); interval (40.6 vs 57.8 ± 2.2 hr) from PGF to 2a estradiol-17b (E2) peak concentrations in blood serum (17.7 vs 12.3 ± 1 pg/ml) at estrus; duration of estrous cycle after treatment injection of PGF (20 vs 21.4 ± .2 days); interval 2a from onset of estrus to the peak in E2 (1.4 vs "“5.4 ± 1.8 hr); and E2 peak associated with the first dominant ovarian follicle of the estrous cycle following the treatment injection of PGF (2.2 vs 5.2 ± .6 pg/ml), respectively. 2a Durations of estrus and standing events were similar regardless of when the corpus luteum was regressed during either the early or late luteal phase. When all sexual behavior was evaluated after 41 injections of PGF , the 2a number of standing events (28.1 vs 16.1 ± 3.1) was greater (P<.05) in heifers after early-cycle regression of the corpus luteum. Results indicated that the number of standing events per estrus and concentrations of E2 during estrus were related to the duration of progesterone exposure before a PGF -induced luteolysis. 2a The first standing event of estrus detected by the HW device corresponded closely to the peak in E2 and LH at the onset of estrus.; Dairy Day, 1996, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 1996;

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Using The Somatic Cell Count Report (1996), James R. Dunham Jan 1996

Using The Somatic Cell Count Report (1996), James R. Dunham

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

High-producing dairy herds can consistently average a somatic cell count (SCC) <200,000. Herds with consistently higher averages can decrease SCC and realize higher profits. The SCC report discloses the pitfalls that need to be addressed before improvement can be made.; Dairy Day, 1996, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 1996;

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Coping With Summer Weather: Management Strategies To Control Heat Stress (1996), John F. Smith, Joseph P. Harner Jan 1996

Coping With Summer Weather: Management Strategies To Control Heat Stress (1996), John F. Smith, Joseph P. Harner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Heat stress occurs when a dairy cow's heat load is greater than her capacity to lose heat. The effects of heat stress include: increased respiration rate, increased water intake, increased sweating, decreased dry matter intake, slower rate of feed passage, decreased blood flow to internal organs, decreased milk production, and poor reproductive performance. The lower milk production, and reproductive performance cause economic losses to commercial dairy producers. This review will discuss methods that can be used on commercial dairy farms to reduce the effects of heat stress on dairy cattle.; Dairy Day, 1996, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 1996;

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Performance Of Young Calves Supplemented With Vitamins C And E And Beta-Carotene (1996), R.H. Greenwood, J.L Morrill, J.R. Schwenke Jan 1996

Performance Of Young Calves Supplemented With Vitamins C And E And Beta-Carotene (1996), R.H. Greenwood, J.L Morrill, J.R. Schwenke

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Newborn Holstein calves were used to investigate responses to supplemental antioxidants provided in daily milk allotments. Treated calves assigned to receive daily 100 IU of d-α tocopherol (vitamin E), 5 mg of beta-carotene, and 500 mg of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) in a 5-ml carrier. Control calves received the carrier alone. Additional vitamins C and E and beta carotene did not affect weaning age, weekly or total body weight gain, or dry feed intake. Supplementation of these antioxidants affected bull and heifer calves scour scores differently at different birth weights. Antioxidant supplementation increased the severity of scours during the first …

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