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Animal Sciences

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Journal

1991

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Articles 1 - 30 of 102

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Does Extra Feed After Breeding Affect Litter Size? (1991), Duane L. Davis Jan 1991

Does Extra Feed After Breeding Affect Litter Size? (1991), Duane L. Davis

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Fertility was evaluated in sows fed 4 vs 10 lb/d and gilts fed 4 vs 7.4 Ibid during the first 10 days after breeding. No effects on farrowing rate or litter traits were detected. This confirms results of a previous KSU experiment. Therefore, high feed intake after breeding may not affect fertility traits.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 21. 1991

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Heifer Feeding And Management Affect Efficiency (1991), James R. Dunham Jan 1991

Heifer Feeding And Management Affect Efficiency (1991), James R. Dunham

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Heifer feeding and management programs have a great impact on the efficiency of the future dairy herd. Dairies that feed and manage heifers for calving at about 24 mo of age are optimizing milk production, feed cost for raising heifers, number of replacement heifers available, and return on investment. Replacement heifers represent a considerable investment in labor and feed, with no return on that investment until they freshen. A summary of Kansas DHIA Holstein herds shows that some herds are receiving a good return on investment as early as 22 mo of age, whereas other herds are not reaping any …

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Effects Of Aspergillus Oryzae Extract (Amaferm) On Ruminal Fibrolytic Bacteria And In Vitro Fiber Degradation (1991), A. A. Beharka, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja Jan 1991

Effects Of Aspergillus Oryzae Extract (Amaferm) On Ruminal Fibrolytic Bacteria And In Vitro Fiber Degradation (1991), A. A. Beharka, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The effect of Amaferm on growth of pure cultures of ruminal cellulose-digesting, hemicellulose- digesting and pectin-digesting bacteria was determined. The addition of Amaferm to the growth medium increased the growth of Ruminococcus albus and Fibrobacter succinogenes. Amaferm had no effect on the growth of the other bacteria. Additionally, selective antimicrobial compounds were used to assess the influence of Amaferm on microbial contributions to in vitro fiber degradation. Amaferm appeared to stimulate fiber digestibility of only certain feedstuffs, and this increase in digestibility was attributed to its stimulation of bacterial activity. Amaferm did not appear to stimulate fungal activity.; Dairy Day, …

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Performance Of Holstein Heifers Reared On 100 Or 115% Of Nrc Requirements From 3 To 12 Months Of Age And Then Switched To The Opposite Treatment (1991), E. J. Bortone, M. G. Daccarett, J. L. Morrill, Jeffrey S. Stevenson Jan 1991

Performance Of Holstein Heifers Reared On 100 Or 115% Of Nrc Requirements From 3 To 12 Months Of Age And Then Switched To The Opposite Treatment (1991), E. J. Bortone, M. G. Daccarett, J. L. Morrill, Jeffrey S. Stevenson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Holstein heifers from the Kansas State University Dairy Teaching and Research Unit were used from 3 mo of age until 21 d before estimated date of calving. They were fed either 100 (control, C) or 115% (enhanced, E) of the 1989 National Research Council (NRC) requirements for major nutrients from 3 to 12 mo of age, then, until 21 d before freshening, the treatments were switched from 100 to 115% NRC (CE) or from 115 to 100% NRC (EC). At puberty, heifers had similar body weights (613, E vs 617, C) but heifers fed E were 1 month younger (11 …

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Severe Flea Infestation In Dairy Calves (1991), Michael W. Dryden, A. B. Broce Jan 1991

Severe Flea Infestation In Dairy Calves (1991), Michael W. Dryden, A. B. Broce

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

In June 1991, an investigation was conducted of a severe flea infestation in 23 Holstein dairy calves in South Central Kansas. Inspection of the dairy revealed massive numbers of fleas on calves and in the barn where they were housed. Analysis of blood samples from 10 calves revealed that nine of them had mild to severe anemia. A management program was initiated consisting of treatments of calves and premises with insecticide and insect growth regulator and removal of straw bedding from the barn. Inspection of the dairy 9 wk after this complete control program was initiated revealed that fleas were …

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The Effect Of Processed Soybeans And Added Energy In Calf Starters On The Growth Of Holstein Calves (1991), P. V. Reddy, J. L. Morrill Jan 1991

The Effect Of Processed Soybeans And Added Energy In Calf Starters On The Growth Of Holstein Calves (1991), P. V. Reddy, J. L. Morrill

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

In Trial 1, 91 Holstein calves were fed starters containing either soybean meal (SBM), extruded soybeans (ESB), roasted soybeans (RSB), SBM+soy oil (SO), or SBM+rumen inert fat (RIF) from birth to 10 wk of age. There were no differences in overall feed consumption, except that calves fed RSB consumed more than calves fed SBM+SO. There were no significant differences in weight gains, but calves fed SBM+SO tended to gain less. In trial 2, 71 Holstein calves were fed starters containing roasted soybeans from birth to 10 wk of age. Three of the starters contained 18% protein and soybeans roasted at …

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Runoff Control From Dirt Lots (1991), Joseph P. Harner, James P. Murphy Jan 1991

Runoff Control From Dirt Lots (1991), Joseph P. Harner, James P. Murphy

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A recent water quality survey assessment found nonpoint source pollution problems in a majority of Kansas surface waters - 85% of the monitoring sites were impaired by nutrients, 60% of the sites by bacteria, 55% by suspended solids and/or minerals, and 40% by oxygen-demanding substances. Swine producers have the responsibility to maintain the quality of ground or surface water near their production units. Outdoor dirt lots for confinement of swine are often overlooked as an area needing facilities for water pollution control.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 21, 1991

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Evaluation Of A Rotating Drum Mixer (1991), C R. Stark, C H. Fahrenholz, Keith C. Behnke Jan 1991

Evaluation Of A Rotating Drum Mixer (1991), C R. Stark, C H. Fahrenholz, Keith C. Behnke

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A "rotating drum" type mixer was tested to determine if it could produce a uniformly mixed feed. Feed was manufactured in four separate trials, which examined addition sequence, mixing time, mixer capacity, and liquid addition. Uniformly mixed feed was obtained after 8 min, when ingredients were properly sequenced and mixed. Smaller batch sizes decreased the time required to obtain a uniform mixture. The mixer distributed liquid uniformly through the feed and had excellent clean-out capabilities.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 21, 1991

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Use Of Recombinant Bovine Cytokines In Pigs Vaccinated And Challenged With Streptococcus Suis (1991), Frank Blecha, D N. Reddy, C G. Chitko-Mckown, M M. Chengappa, D S. Mcvey, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen Jan 1991

Use Of Recombinant Bovine Cytokines In Pigs Vaccinated And Challenged With Streptococcus Suis (1991), Frank Blecha, D N. Reddy, C G. Chitko-Mckown, M M. Chengappa, D S. Mcvey, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

An experiment was conducted to determine the adjuvanticity of recombinant bovine interleukin-1β (rBoIL-1β) and recombinant bovine interleukin-2 (rBoIL-2) administered in conjunction with a single S. suis vaccination in pigs. Sixty, 4-wk-old pigs were allotted to 8 groups: 1) nonvaccinated controls; 2) vaccinated controls; 3) rBoIL-Iβ, 100 ng/kg; 4)rBoIL-lβ, 1000 ng/kg; 5) rBoIL-1β, 10,000 ng/kg; 6) rBoIL-2, 2.5 µg/kg; 7) rBoIL-2, 25 µg/kg; and 8) rBoIL-2, 250 µg/kg. All pigs (except group 1) were vaccinated on d 0 with a commercial S. suis vaccine (serotypes 1 and 2). At vaccination, pigs were injected intramuscularly with their respective cytokine treatments. Pigs received …

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Effects Of Supplementation Of Nursery Diets With An Essential Fatty Acid On Immunity In Artificially Reared Pigs (1991), D S. Mcvey, G S. Elliot, G A. Kennedy, M M. Chengappa, N V. Anderson, D A. Schoneweis, M M. Hervey, S M. Cowan, Joe D. Hancock Jan 1991

Effects Of Supplementation Of Nursery Diets With An Essential Fatty Acid On Immunity In Artificially Reared Pigs (1991), D S. Mcvey, G S. Elliot, G A. Kennedy, M M. Chengappa, N V. Anderson, D A. Schoneweis, M M. Hervey, S M. Cowan, Joe D. Hancock

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Twenty four pigs were weaned immediately at farrowing, reared artificially for 21 d, and then used in a 35-d nursery experiment to determine the effects of essential fatty acid deficiency on immune function. Treatments were: 1) a semi-purified diet deficient in essential fatty acids and 2) diet 1 with 2% added linoleic acid. Conversion of linoleic acid to linolenic and then arachidonic acid is a normal step in fatty acid metabolism. Metabolites of arachidonic acid are thought to have a role in mediating immune function. On d 28 of the experiment, pigs were orally dosed with Salmonella choleraesuis to challenge …

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Effects Of Porcine Somatotropin Administration And Its Duration On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finishing Swine Fed To 280 Lb (1991), M E. Johnston, B R. Schricker, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Robert H. Hines, Donald H. Kropf Jan 1991

Effects Of Porcine Somatotropin Administration And Its Duration On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finishing Swine Fed To 280 Lb (1991), M E. Johnston, B R. Schricker, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Robert H. Hines, Donald H. Kropf

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred eight barrows with an initial weight of 120 lb were utilized to determine the effects of porcine somatotropin (PST) administration period and duration on growth performance and carcass characteristics of finishing swine fed to 280 lb. Pigs were injected daily in the extensor muscle of the neck with either a placebo or 4 mg pST. Treatments included: (A) placebo injection from 120 to 280 lb; (B) pST injection from 120 to 280 lb; (C) pST injection from 120 to 230 lb and then placebo injection from 230 to 280 lb; (D) placebo injection from 120 to 230 lb …

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The Interactive Effects Of Pst And Salbutamol On The Lysine Requirement Of Finishing Pigs (1991_, J A. Hansen, J L. Laurin, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband Jan 1991

The Interactive Effects Of Pst And Salbutamol On The Lysine Requirement Of Finishing Pigs (1991_, J A. Hansen, J L. Laurin, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A metabolism study was conducted to evaluate the interactive effects of daily pST injections and the β-agonist salbutamol on the lysine requirement of finishing pigs based on nitrogen retention. Sixteen finishing pigs (137 lbs initially) were exposed to one of four biological treatments for 32 d. These treatments were: 1) non-treated control; 2) 4 mg/d pST; 3) 2.75 ppm of dietary salbutamol; 4) both salbutamol and pST. Pigs were kept on the same biological treatment and offered one of four diets for an 8 d period in a Latin square arrangement. Diets were formulated to contain .8, 1.2, 1.6, and …

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Effects Of Porcine Somatotropin Dosage And Lysine Level On Growth Performance Of Growing Pigs (1991), G E. Fitzner, T L. Weeden, B R. Schricker, Robert H. Hines, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Joe D. Hancock Jan 1991

Effects Of Porcine Somatotropin Dosage And Lysine Level On Growth Performance Of Growing Pigs (1991), G E. Fitzner, T L. Weeden, B R. Schricker, Robert H. Hines, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Joe D. Hancock

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Eighty crossbred barrows initially weighing 70.5 lb were used in a 5 wk trial to determine the optimum dosage of porcine somatotropin (PST) required to promote maximum growth response in growing pigs fed diets containing either 1.0 or 2.0% lysine. Pigs received a daily injection of placebo or 2, 4, or 8 mg pST in combination with one of two experimental diets containing either 1.0 or 2.0% dietary lysine. Increasing the dosage of pST of pigs fed both diets resulted in an increase in average daily gain (ADG), a reduction in average daily feed intake (ADFI), and an improvement in …

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Comparison Of Conventional And Low-Inhibitor Soybeans With Different Heat Treatments And Lysine Concentrations In Diets For Finishing Pigs (1991), M A. Giesemann, B J. Healy, A J. Lewis, Joe D. Hancock Jan 1991

Comparison Of Conventional And Low-Inhibitor Soybeans With Different Heat Treatments And Lysine Concentrations In Diets For Finishing Pigs (1991), M A. Giesemann, B J. Healy, A J. Lewis, Joe D. Hancock

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of gene expression for the Kunitz trypsin inhibitor, heat treatment, and concentration of lysine in the diet on nutritional value of soybeans for finishing pigs. In Experiment 1, 108 pigs (113 lb avg initial wt) were fed diets with two soybean cultivars (Williams 82 and Amsoy 71), with (+K) and without (-K) gene expression for the Kunitz trypsin inhibitor, subjected to three heat treatments (112-, 3/4-, and full-roasting). Nutritional value of the Williams 82 and Amsoy 71 cultivars was not different, but -K soybeans were superior to +K soybeans at all levels …

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The Effect Of Supplemental Fat And Lysine On Finishing Pig Performance And Carcass Characteristics (1991), K G. Friesen, R C. Thaler, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen Jan 1991

The Effect Of Supplemental Fat And Lysine On Finishing Pig Performance And Carcass Characteristics (1991), K G. Friesen, R C. Thaler, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred and sixty pigs averaging 127.4 lb were used to determine the benefit of 5% supplemental fat and (or) .20% lysine on growth performance and carcass characteristics. The trial consisted of four treatments: 1) a .61 %, lysine milo-soybean meal control diet; 2) control + 5% fat; 3) control + .20% lysine; 4) control + 5% fat and .20% lysine. Lysine:metabolizable energy ratios were held constant at 1.91: 1 for treatments 1 and 2 and at 2.52: 1 for treatments 3 and 4. Pig weights and feed consumption were recorded every third wk to calculate average daily gain (ADG), …

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Selection For Increased In Vitro Digestibility Improves Feeding Value Of Sorghum Grain (1991), B J. Healy, P J. Bramel-Cox, B T. Richert, C F. Klopfenstein, Merle D. Witt, Joe D. Hancock Jan 1991

Selection For Increased In Vitro Digestibility Improves Feeding Value Of Sorghum Grain (1991), B J. Healy, P J. Bramel-Cox, B T. Richert, C F. Klopfenstein, Merle D. Witt, Joe D. Hancock

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Six cannulated barrows and two hundred eighty-eight chicks were used in an experiment to determine the value of an in vitro protein digestibility assay (pepsin digest) for identification of sorghum parent lines with improved nutritional value. The barrows were used to determine digestibility of the experimental sorghums at the terminal ileum and for the total digestive tract. Due to a limited supply of the sorghums, broiler chicks were used as a model to predict the value of the experimental sorghums for growth performance. Four sorghum parent lines were selected from 100 SI families grown at several locations in Kansas. Two …

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Effect Of Fat Source And Level On Finishing Pig Performance (1991), David A. Nichols, Joe D. Hancock, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert H. Hines, Donald H. Kropf Jan 1991

Effect Of Fat Source And Level On Finishing Pig Performance (1991), David A. Nichols, Joe D. Hancock, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert H. Hines, Donald H. Kropf

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two hundred and forty finishing pigs were utilized to evaluate the effect of fat source and level on growing pig performance and carcass characteristics. Pigs were fed a milo-soybean meal diet balanced on a constant energy:lysine and energy:protein ratio. Dietary treatments were: 1) control; 2,3,4) 2.5, 5.0, or 7.5% added soybean oil; 5 and 6) 5.0 or 7.5% added tallow. In comparing pigs fed soybean oil to tallow, there were no significant effects on feed intake, average daily gain, or feed to gain ratio. Soybean oil additions compared to tallow resulted in carcasses with significantly more average backfat as well …

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Ksu Swine Enterprise Record Program (1991), Michael R. Langemeier, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach Jan 1991

Ksu Swine Enterprise Record Program (1991), Michael R. Langemeier, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

On January 1, 1991, a enterprise record program was implemented on 13 swine operations in Kansas. The program evaluates economic criteria in the areas of variable and fixed costs, labor, marketing, and production and is conducted in cooperation with extension specialists and swine producers in Kansas, Nebraska, and South Dakota. Every six months, producers' records are summarized, and the data are pooled to form state and regional averages. This data base is then divided into the top, middle)and bottom third of producers based solely on profit per cwt. of pork produced. This summary allows producers to compare their individual records …

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Use Of Agronomic Conditions, Genetics, And Processing To Improve Utilization Of Sorghum Grain (1991), P J. Bramel-Cox, Joe D. Hancock Jan 1991

Use Of Agronomic Conditions, Genetics, And Processing To Improve Utilization Of Sorghum Grain (1991), P J. Bramel-Cox, Joe D. Hancock

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Sorghum grain is an extremely important crop to both farmers and livestock feeders in the High-Plains states (e.g., from Nebraska to Texas). Kansas leads the nation in sorghum production, and as should be expected, Kansas State University has a long history of research to improve the utilization and marketability of this versatile and hardy crop. This paper is a synopsis of current research at KSU and other universities concerning production and use of sorghum grain for feeding swine. Topics addressed include the relatively small loss in nutritional value (4 to 11 %) as test weight decreases from 55 to 35 …

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Effects Of Soy Lecithin And Distilled Monoglyceride In Combination With Tallow On Nutrient Digestibility, Serum Lipids, And Growth Performance In Weanling Pigs (1991), D B. Jones, Joe D. Hancock, Charles E. Walker Jan 1991

Effects Of Soy Lecithin And Distilled Monoglyceride In Combination With Tallow On Nutrient Digestibility, Serum Lipids, And Growth Performance In Weanling Pigs (1991), D B. Jones, Joe D. Hancock, Charles E. Walker

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Four hundred twenty pigs (21 d of age and 12.3 lb avg initial wt) were used to determine if adding soybean oil, lecithin, and monoglyceride to diets containing tallow affects nutrient digestibility, serum lipids, and growth performance. Treatments were: 1) a high nutrient density diet (HNOD) with 10% soybean oil; 2) HNDD with 10% tallow; 3, 4, and 5) diet 2 with 9% tallow and 1% soybean oil, lecithin, and monoglyceride, respectively. Adding soybean oil, lecithin, and monoglyceride to tallow increased digestibility of total fat, longchain saturated fatty acids, and medium-chain fatty acids, but reduced serum concentrations of triglycerides and …

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Comparison Of Protein Sources For Phase Ii Starter Diets (1991), J A. Hansen, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen Jan 1991

Comparison Of Protein Sources For Phase Ii Starter Diets (1991), J A. Hansen, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 432 weanling pigs (initially 15.3 lb and 21 d of age) was used in a growth trial to compare various protein sources in the Phase II starter diet. During Phase I (0 to 7 d post-weaning), all pigs were fed a common high nutrient density diet containing 1.5% lysine, 10% porcine plasma, 10% lactose, and 20% dried whey. During Phase II (7 to 28 d post-weaning), pigs were fed one of six experimental diets. All Phase II diets contained 10% dried whey and were formulated to 1.18% lysine. The positive control diet contained 4% menhaden fish meal …

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Evaluation Of Porcine Blood Meal And Plasma Bovine Plasma, And Meat Extract As Replacement Protein Sources For Dried Skim Milk In Starter Swine Diets (1991), J A. Hansen, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband Jan 1991

Evaluation Of Porcine Blood Meal And Plasma Bovine Plasma, And Meat Extract As Replacement Protein Sources For Dried Skim Milk In Starter Swine Diets (1991), J A. Hansen, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One-hundred fifty pigs averaging 21 ± 2 d of age were utilized in a 35 d growth assay to determine the efficacy of replacing the dried skim milk portion of a high nutrient-dense diet with four commercially available animal blood or meat co-products. Pigs were blocked by weight and allotted by ancestry and sex to provide six pens (five pigs/pen) per dietary treatment. Diets were randomly assigned within blocks to provide six replicate pens per treatment. The basal diet was formulated using a corn-soybean meal mixture with 20% dried skim milk and 20% dried whey to contain 1.40% lysine, 1.0% …

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Extrusion Processing Of Low-Inhibitor Soybeans Improves Growth Performance Of Nursery Pigs Fed Protein-Adequate Diets (1991), A J. Lewis, P G. Reddy, D B. Jones, M A. Giesemann, Joe D. Hancock Jan 1991

Extrusion Processing Of Low-Inhibitor Soybeans Improves Growth Performance Of Nursery Pigs Fed Protein-Adequate Diets (1991), A J. Lewis, P G. Reddy, D B. Jones, M A. Giesemann, Joe D. Hancock

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred fifty weanling pigs (15.4 lb avg initial wt) were used in a 35-d growth assay to determine the effects of processing method (roasting in a Roast-A-Tron roaster vs extrusion in an Insta-Pro extruder) on nutritional value of soybeans with (+K) and without (-K) gene expression for the Kunitz trypsin inhibitor. Treatments were: 1) soybean meal with added soybean oil; 2) +K roasted; 3) +K extruded; 4) -K roasted; and 5) -K extruded. All diets were corn-based and formulated to 1.25% lysine for d 0 to 14 and 1.10% lysine for d 14 to 35 of the experiment. For …

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The Effect Of Pre-Weaning Exposure To Soybean Meal On Subsequent Post-Weaning Growth Performance In The Early-Weaned Pig (1991), K G. Friesen, Frank Blecha, D N. Reddy, P G. Reddy, B T. Richert, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen Jan 1991

The Effect Of Pre-Weaning Exposure To Soybean Meal On Subsequent Post-Weaning Growth Performance In The Early-Weaned Pig (1991), K G. Friesen, Frank Blecha, D N. Reddy, P G. Reddy, B T. Richert, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two hundred and forty pigs averaging 11.3 lb and 21 d of age were utilized to determine the effect of pre-weaning exposure to soybean meal on nursery performance. Pigs were derived from sows that were fed either a soybean meal based- or a corn gluten meal based-diet throughout gestation and lactation. Across sow treatments, pigs were stomach-infused with 6 g/d of soybean meal or placebo from d 5 to 9 of age. Treatment structuring prior to weaning allowed for comparisons between pigs immunologically sensitized to soy proteins and pigs nonsensitized to soy proteins. Nursery treatments allowed for a comparison between …

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The Interactive Effects Of Pst And Salbutamol On The Lysine Requirement Of Finishing Pigs (1991), J A. Hansen, J L. Laurin, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband Jan 1991

The Interactive Effects Of Pst And Salbutamol On The Lysine Requirement Of Finishing Pigs (1991), J A. Hansen, J L. Laurin, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A metabolism study was conducted to evaluate the interactive effects of daily pST injections and the β-agonist salbutamol on the lysine requirement of finishing pigs based on nitrogen retention. Sixteen finishing pigs (137 lbs initially) were exposed to one of four biological treatments for 32 d. These treatments were: 1) non-treated control; 2) 4 mg/d pST; 3) 2.75 ppm of dietary salbutamol; 4) both salbutamol and pST. Pigs were kept on the same biological treatment and offered one of four diets for an 8 d period in a Latin square arrangement. Diets were formulated to contain .8, 1.2, 1.6, and …

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Seasonal Performance Of Finishing Heifers (1991), Michael R. Langemeier, J. Mintert, Ted C. Schroeder Jan 1991

Seasonal Performance Of Finishing Heifers (1991), Michael R. Langemeier, J. Mintert, Ted C. Schroeder

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

This study examined the impact of date of feedlot placement on feed conversion, daily gain, and death loss. Results indicated that heifers placed on feed from September to December required more feed per pound of gain, had lower daily gains and higher death loss, and generally exhibited more variation in feeding performance than heifers placed during the rest of the year. Cattle feeders should take these performance variations into account when developing budgets and calculating breakeven sale prices for heifers.

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Increasing Levels Of Grain Supplementation For Intensive-Early Stocked Steers: Three-Year Summary (1991), R.C. Cochran, Robert T. Brandt Jr., E.S. Vanzant, E.M. Clary, Clenton E. Owensby Jan 1991

Increasing Levels Of Grain Supplementation For Intensive-Early Stocked Steers: Three-Year Summary (1991), R.C. Cochran, Robert T. Brandt Jr., E.S. Vanzant, E.M. Clary, Clenton E. Owensby

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

During the initial 3 years of a 4-year experiment, average daily gain tended to increase in direct proportion to increasing levels of grain sorghum supplementation (2.3, 2.5 and 2.7 lb gain per day for the control and 2 and 4 lb supplement per day, respectively). The amount of grass remaining in the pastures at the end of the growing season (October 1) was greater in each of the 3 years when cattle were supplemented at 4 lb/day. During the 2 years (1989 and 1990) that feedlot performance was monitored, level of supplementation for grazing steers did not influence subsequent feedlot …

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Influence Of Increasing Amounts Of Supplemental Alfalfa Hay On Intake And Utilization Of Dormant, Winter-Harvested, Bluestem-Range Forage By Beef Steers (1991), E.S. Vanzant, R.C. Cochran Jan 1991

Influence Of Increasing Amounts Of Supplemental Alfalfa Hay On Intake And Utilization Of Dormant, Winter-Harvested, Bluestem-Range Forage By Beef Steers (1991), E.S. Vanzant, R.C. Cochran

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Sixteen, ruminally cannulated, beef steers were used in an intake/digestion experiment to determine the effects of supplementing a dormant, winter-harvested, bluestem range, forage diet with increasing amounts of moderate quality alfalfa. Steers were allowed ad libitum access to dormant forage and were supplemented with alfalfa hay at: 1) .23, 2) .47, 3).70, and 4) .94 % of BW on a dry matter (DM) basis. As the amount of supplemental alfalfa increased, dormant forage intake decreased, but total DM intake increased. Dry matter digestibility was unaffected by treatment, and only minor changes were noted for ruminal fermentation characteristics. Changes in ruminal …

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Periparturient Changes In Intake, Rumen Capacity, And Selected Blood Metabolites In Beef Cows (1991), T.A. Stanley, R.C. Cochran, D.L. Harmon, E.S. Vanzant Jan 1991

Periparturient Changes In Intake, Rumen Capacity, And Selected Blood Metabolites In Beef Cows (1991), T.A. Stanley, R.C. Cochran, D.L. Harmon, E.S. Vanzant

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Four, ruminally cannulated, Hereford x Angus cows were used to study factors associated with feed intake patterns around parturition. Feed intake during the final trimester of gestation was relatively stable, in spite of a noticeable decrease in ruminal capacity. Postpartum feed intake appeared to increase, as did ruminal capacity. Blood progesterone fell after parturition, whereas estradiol did not change except for a large rise around parturition. Some plasma metabolites measured differed before and after calving; however, magnitude and patterns of change do not suggest a direct relationship with intake.

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Top Spoilage Losses In Horizontal Silos In Western Kansas (1991), J.T. Dickerson, G. Ashbell, L. Pfaff, K.K. Bolsen, B.E. Brent, J.E. Bradford, R.L. Smith Jan 1991

Top Spoilage Losses In Horizontal Silos In Western Kansas (1991), J.T. Dickerson, G. Ashbell, L. Pfaff, K.K. Bolsen, B.E. Brent, J.E. Bradford, R.L. Smith

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The top 3 feet from 30 horizontal silos was sampled at three depths to determine top spoilage losses, using ash content as an internal marker. When compared to face samples, corn and forage sorghum silages exhibited similar additional organic matter (OM) losses in the top 18 inches. In the top 18 inches, covering silage reduced spoilage losses of OM from 41 to 27 percentage units compared to uncovered counterparts. Covering corn silage reduced spoilage losses of OM from 49 to 31 and 9 to 1 percentage units in the top and second 18 inches, respectively. Similar reductions in OM losses …

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