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Animal Sciences

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

1991

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Articles 1 - 30 of 102

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Comparison Of Protein Sources For Phase Ii Starter Diets (1991), J A. Hansen, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen Jan 1991

Comparison Of Protein Sources For Phase Ii Starter Diets (1991), J A. Hansen, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 432 weanling pigs (initially 15.3 lb and 21 d of age) was used in a growth trial to compare various protein sources in the Phase II starter diet. During Phase I (0 to 7 d post-weaning), all pigs were fed a common high nutrient density diet containing 1.5% lysine, 10% porcine plasma, 10% lactose, and 20% dried whey. During Phase II (7 to 28 d post-weaning), pigs were fed one of six experimental diets. All Phase II diets contained 10% dried whey and were formulated to 1.18% lysine. The positive control diet contained 4% menhaden fish meal …

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Seasonal Performance Of Finishing Heifers (1991), Michael R. Langemeier, J. Mintert, Ted C. Schroeder Jan 1991

Seasonal Performance Of Finishing Heifers (1991), Michael R. Langemeier, J. Mintert, Ted C. Schroeder

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

This study examined the impact of date of feedlot placement on feed conversion, daily gain, and death loss. Results indicated that heifers placed on feed from September to December required more feed per pound of gain, had lower daily gains and higher death loss, and generally exhibited more variation in feeding performance than heifers placed during the rest of the year. Cattle feeders should take these performance variations into account when developing budgets and calculating breakeven sale prices for heifers.

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Performance Of Holstein Calves From Three To Twelve Months Of Age (1991), J. Velazco, J. L. Morrill, Robert T. Brandt Jr., R. Schalles Jan 1991

Performance Of Holstein Calves From Three To Twelve Months Of Age (1991), J. Velazco, J. L. Morrill, Robert T. Brandt Jr., R. Schalles

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Sixty-four Holstein steers were used to study the effect of season and age on performance. Animals beginning the trial in spring were heavier (P.05) among seasons in average daily gain and feed conversion after 6 mo of age. Rate of growth was reduced after 9 mo of age for all seasons.; Dairy Day, 1991, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 1991;

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Leukocyte Function And Health Status Of Calves Supplemented With Vitamins A And E (1991), S. D. Eicher-Pruiett, J. L. Morrill, Frank Blecha, C. G. Chitko-Mckown Jan 1991

Leukocyte Function And Health Status Of Calves Supplemented With Vitamins A And E (1991), S. D. Eicher-Pruiett, J. L. Morrill, Frank Blecha, C. G. Chitko-Mckown

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Forty-four Holstein calves were fed milk replacers with varied concentrations of vitamins A and E from 3 to 45 d of age to determine their effects on concentrations of plasma vitamin A (retinol and retinyl palmitate) and vitamin E (a- tocopherol), lymphocyte and neutrophil functions, and health of calves. Plasma a-tocopherol was unaffected by increased vitamin A supplementation. Fecal scores, and eye and nose membrane responses were improved with increased vitamin A and lower vitamin E concentration, whereas the same treatment tended to reduce neutrophil cytotoxic and bactericidal activity by 6 wk of age. Increased supplemental vitamin E tended to …

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Producing Hogs Under Contract (1991), Michael R. Langemeier Jan 1991

Producing Hogs Under Contract (1991), Michael R. Langemeier

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Recently, there has been a renewed interest in contract hog production. Contractors are looking for an effective means to expand production or utilize excess feed production capacity. Producers enter contracts to minimize input cost and market risks or to obtain financing for buildings and equipment. Provisions vary from contract to contract. Producers that are making the decision whether to produce hogs under contract should calculate expected returns for a range of production and cost scenarios. Whatever the contract provisions, producers and contractors should make sure that the contract rewards them for what they do best.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November …

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Space Requirements Of Finishing Pigs Fed To A Heavier Weight (Removed Individually) (1991), G E. Fitzner, David A. Nichols, Joe D. Hancock, Robert H. Hines Jan 1991

Space Requirements Of Finishing Pigs Fed To A Heavier Weight (Removed Individually) (1991), G E. Fitzner, David A. Nichols, Joe D. Hancock, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Space allowances of 6, 8, 10, and 12 ft2 were evaluated for pigs fed from 120 to 250 lb. The management system used was to remove pigs individually as they reached 250 lb, which provided increasing space per pig. Using this management system, average daily gain, average daily feed intake, and feed efficiency improved linearly with increasing space allowance. Pigs allowed 6ft2 gained slower, ate less, and required more feed per lb of gain compared to pigs allowed 8, 10, and 12 ft2. Pigs permitted 8, 10, and 12 ft2 were similar in rate of gain, feed consumption, and feed …

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Extrusion Of Sorghum, Soybean Meal, And Whole Soybeans Improves Growth Performance And Nutrient Digestibility In Finishing Pigs (1991), Terry L. Gugle, Robert H. Hines, Joe D. Hancock Jan 1991

Extrusion Of Sorghum, Soybean Meal, And Whole Soybeans Improves Growth Performance And Nutrient Digestibility In Finishing Pigs (1991), Terry L. Gugle, Robert H. Hines, Joe D. Hancock

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred forty-four finishing pigs (124 lb avg initial wt) were used to determine the effects of extruding sorghum, soybean meal (SBM), and whole soybeans on growth performance and nutrient digestibility. Treatments were: 1) control diet with ground sorghum, SBM, and soybean oil; 2) diet 1 with the ground sorghum, SBM, and soybean oil blended and extruded; 3) sorghum and whole soybeans extruded separately and blended; and 4) sorghum and extruded soybeans blended and extruded together. Extrusion was in an Insta-Pro extruder. All diets were formulated to be equal in concentrations of metabolizable energy (ME) and lysine. Pigs fed diets …

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Effect Of Replacing Milk Proteins With Wheat Gluten And Soybean Products On Digestibility Of Nutrients And Growth Performance In Nursery Pigs (1991), B T. Richert, J L. Morrill, Joe D. Hancock Jan 1991

Effect Of Replacing Milk Proteins With Wheat Gluten And Soybean Products On Digestibility Of Nutrients And Growth Performance In Nursery Pigs (1991), B T. Richert, J L. Morrill, Joe D. Hancock

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the nutritional value of processed wheat gluten for early-weaned pigs. The first experiment involved 72 weanling pigs with an avg age of 20 d and avg wt of 9.2 lb. Six diets were fed to the pigs in individual metabolism cages. Protein sources were casein, flash-dried wheat gluten, spray-dried wheat gluten, two solubilized wheat glutens, and soybean meal. Response criteria were N digestibility, biological value, and N retention. Casein had greater N digestibility, biological value, and N retention than the other protein sources. The wheat gluten products had greater N digestibility than soybean meal. …

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Effects Of Porcine Somatotropin Dosage And Lysine Level On Growth Performance Of Growing Pigs (1991), G E. Fitzner, T L. Weeden, B R. Schricker, Robert H. Hines, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Joe D. Hancock Jan 1991

Effects Of Porcine Somatotropin Dosage And Lysine Level On Growth Performance Of Growing Pigs (1991), G E. Fitzner, T L. Weeden, B R. Schricker, Robert H. Hines, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Joe D. Hancock

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Eighty crossbred barrows initially weighing 70.5 lb were used in a 5 wk trial to determine the optimum dosage of porcine somatotropin (PST) required to promote maximum growth response in growing pigs fed diets containing either 1.0 or 2.0% lysine. Pigs received a daily injection of placebo or 2, 4, or 8 mg pST in combination with one of two experimental diets containing either 1.0 or 2.0% dietary lysine. Increasing the dosage of pST of pigs fed both diets resulted in an increase in average daily gain (ADG), a reduction in average daily feed intake (ADFI), and an improvement in …

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The Effect Of Pre-Weaning Exposure To Soybean Meal On Subsequent Post-Weaning Growth Performance In The Early-Weaned Pig (1991), K G. Friesen, Frank Blecha, D N. Reddy, P G. Reddy, B T. Richert, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen Jan 1991

The Effect Of Pre-Weaning Exposure To Soybean Meal On Subsequent Post-Weaning Growth Performance In The Early-Weaned Pig (1991), K G. Friesen, Frank Blecha, D N. Reddy, P G. Reddy, B T. Richert, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two hundred and forty pigs averaging 11.3 lb and 21 d of age were utilized to determine the effect of pre-weaning exposure to soybean meal on nursery performance. Pigs were derived from sows that were fed either a soybean meal based- or a corn gluten meal based-diet throughout gestation and lactation. Across sow treatments, pigs were stomach-infused with 6 g/d of soybean meal or placebo from d 5 to 9 of age. Treatment structuring prior to weaning allowed for comparisons between pigs immunologically sensitized to soy proteins and pigs nonsensitized to soy proteins. Nursery treatments allowed for a comparison between …

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The Influence Of Dietary Threonine On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Pst-Treated Finishing Pigs (1991), J L. Laurin, J A. Hansen, B R. Schricker, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen Jan 1991

The Influence Of Dietary Threonine On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Pst-Treated Finishing Pigs (1991), J L. Laurin, J A. Hansen, B R. Schricker, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Eighty crossbred barrows (initial wt = 131 lb) were utilized to determine the dietary threonine requirement of finishing pigs injected with porcine somatotropin (PST). Barrows were injected daily in the extensor muscle of the neck with either 4 mg pST or a placebo and fed diets containing either .45, .55, .65, or .75% threonine. All other amino acids, vitamins, and minerals were calculated to be at least double current requirements for finishing pigs so as not to limit performance. Pigs were housed in an open-sided building with two pigs per pen and five replications of the eight treatments. Feed and …

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Health Considerations For The Year 2000 (1991), J F. Connor Jan 1991

Health Considerations For The Year 2000 (1991), J F. Connor

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

As the swine industry matures, profit margins will decrease. Control of the major factors affecting feed cost will drive the system. Upgrading or maintaining health will be a major emphasis, because disease agents and complexes affect growing-finishing performance. Many diseases, such as pneumonia caused by Actinobacillus (llaemophilus) pleuropneumonia and swine dysentery, dramatically affect growing-finishing performance. Diseases decrease average daily feed intake (ADFI) and increase feed per gain ratio (FIG) in many instances. At the same time, they increase input costs via treatments, vaccines, and feed additives. Historically, our control methods may have been successful on individual farms, but not across …

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Evaluation Of Revalor® Implants For Stocker-Finishing Steers (1991), Robert T. Brandt Jr., R.J. Grant, Ronald V. Pope Jan 1991

Evaluation Of Revalor® Implants For Stocker-Finishing Steers (1991), Robert T. Brandt Jr., R.J. Grant, Ronald V. Pope

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Revalor® implants (containing trenbolone acetate plus estradiol) were evaluated in a grazing-finishing system using steers with a known previous implant history. Grazing gains were not improved by either Ralgro® or Revalor implants, suggesting that previously implanted steers may not respond to implants during a later growing phase. During the finishing phase, steers implanted with Revalor gained 5.4 to 8.0% faster (P<.05) than steers implanted with Synovex-S®. Gain efficiency in the finishing period was improved 4.8% (P<.10) for steers receiving no pasture implant and a Revalor implant during the finishing phase (0R), compared with steers receiving Ralgro/Synovex (RS) or Revalor/Revalor (RR) implants in the pasture/feedlot phases. Steers implanted with RR had larger (P<.05) ribeye areas than RS steers, with 0R steers intermediate. However, RR steers had a 20 percentage unit reduction (P<.05) in carcasses reaching the choice grade compared to RS steers. Revalor can improve steer feedlot performance, but multiple implantation may reduce quality grade.

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Effects Of Hybrid And Maturity At Harvest On Agronomic Performance Of Corn For Silage (1991), R. Suazo, R.N. Sonon, L. Pfaff, J.T. Dickerson, K.K. Bolsen Jan 1991

Effects Of Hybrid And Maturity At Harvest On Agronomic Performance Of Corn For Silage (1991), R. Suazo, R.N. Sonon, L. Pfaff, J.T. Dickerson, K.K. Bolsen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Twelve, commercial, corn hybrids were grown under irrigated conditions in 1990 and evaluated for agronomic and silage characteristics at three stages of maturities (1/2 milk line, black layer, and 7 days post-black layer). Time to mid-anthesis and mid-silk ranged from 62 to 68 and 65 to 70 days, respectively, and plant height ranged from 78 to 98 inches. Whole-plant dry matter (DM) content and whole-plant DM and grain yields for the 12 hybrids ranged from 23.6 to 53.7 %, 6.1 to 9.6 tons of DM per acre, and 60 to 170 bushels per acre, respectively, over the three maturities. Whole-plant …

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Severe Flea Infestation In Dairy Calves (1991), Michael W. Dryden, A. B. Broce Jan 1991

Severe Flea Infestation In Dairy Calves (1991), Michael W. Dryden, A. B. Broce

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

In June 1991, an investigation was conducted of a severe flea infestation in 23 Holstein dairy calves in South Central Kansas. Inspection of the dairy revealed massive numbers of fleas on calves and in the barn where they were housed. Analysis of blood samples from 10 calves revealed that nine of them had mild to severe anemia. A management program was initiated consisting of treatments of calves and premises with insecticide and insect growth regulator and removal of straw bedding from the barn. Inspection of the dairy 9 wk after this complete control program was initiated revealed that fleas were …

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Beef Safety - Current Research And Summary Of Progress (1991), F. Cunningham, Melvin C. Hunt, Curtis L. Kastner, Donald H. Kropf, B. Larson, D. Schafer, D. Simms, S. Smith, M. Vanier, Daniel Y.C. Fung Jan 1991

Beef Safety - Current Research And Summary Of Progress (1991), F. Cunningham, Melvin C. Hunt, Curtis L. Kastner, Donald H. Kropf, B. Larson, D. Schafer, D. Simms, S. Smith, M. Vanier, Daniel Y.C. Fung

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Beef and beef products are significant parts of a balanced diet in the U.S. and major parts of the Kansas economy. Therefore, these products must be carefully processed, handled, and monitored for microbial quality to ensure safety for the consumer. KSU Animal Sciences research is designed to accomplish this end and to enhance demand for beef. We have made a major commitment to beef safety research. Moreover, results with beef are generally applicable to other meats.

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Influence Of Water Treatment On Digestion Dynamics Of Steers Consuming High- And Low-Forage Diets (1991), D.L. Harmon, A.D. Flood Jan 1991

Influence Of Water Treatment On Digestion Dynamics Of Steers Consuming High- And Low-Forage Diets (1991), D.L. Harmon, A.D. Flood

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The influence of drinking water treatment (Oxion Inc., Hugoton, KS) on digestion and metabolism was evaluated in steers fed low- and high-forage diets. Water treatment did not influence digestibility of any nutrient measured nor did it influence the profile of ruminal metabolites. Water treatment did increase water consumption two- to threefold and also increased ruminal fractional water outflow (%/h) for steers fed the high forage, but not the high concentrate, diet. Increased water consumption could be a beneficial response, but it is not known if water consumption increases with management programs different than those used in the present study.

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Effects Of Porcine Somatotropin And Dietary Phosphorus On Growth And Bone Criteria In Gilts (1991), T L. Weeden, G E. Fitzner, J A. Hansen, K G. Friesen, M E. Johnston, B R. Schricker, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband Jan 1991

Effects Of Porcine Somatotropin And Dietary Phosphorus On Growth And Bone Criteria In Gilts (1991), T L. Weeden, G E. Fitzner, J A. Hansen, K G. Friesen, M E. Johnston, B R. Schricker, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred-eight gilts with an average initial wt of 129 lb were utilized to determine the effects of porcine somatotropin (pST) and dietary phosphorus on growth performance and bone mineralization and mechanical properties during the finishing phase (129 to 230 lb) and a 35 d post-finishing phase. Gilts were injected daily with placebo (control) or 4 mg pST and fed diets containing .4, .8, or 1.2% P during the finishing phase. Administration of pST improved F/G 18%, increased ADG 8%, and decreased daily feed intake 9%. There was a quadratic response to P, because gilts receiving the .8% P diet …

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Space Requirements Of Finishing Pigs Fed To A Heavier Weight (Removed Individually) (1991), G E. Fitzner, David A. Nichols, Joe D. Hancock, Robert H. Hines Jan 1991

Space Requirements Of Finishing Pigs Fed To A Heavier Weight (Removed Individually) (1991), G E. Fitzner, David A. Nichols, Joe D. Hancock, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Space allowances of 6, 8, 10, and 12 ft2 were evaluated for pigs fed from 120 to 250 lb. The management system used was to remove pigs individually as they reached 250 lb, which provided increasing space per pig. Using this management system, average daily gain, average daily feed intake, and feed effeciency improved linearly with increasing space allowance. Pigs allowed 6ft2 gained slower, ate less, and required more feed per lb of gain compared to pigs allowed 8, 10, and 12 ft2. Pigs permitted 8, 10, and 12 ft2 were similar in rate of gain, feed consumption, and feed …

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Utilization Of Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy For Prediction Of The Nutritional Composition Of Beef And Pork Samples (1991), G. Garcia-Lagombra, L.H. Harbers, J. Velazco, J.L. Morrill, B.B. Maziya, C.A.Z. Harbers Jan 1991

Utilization Of Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy For Prediction Of The Nutritional Composition Of Beef And Pork Samples (1991), G. Garcia-Lagombra, L.H. Harbers, J. Velazco, J.L. Morrill, B.B. Maziya, C.A.Z. Harbers

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) offers the potential for rapid, low-cost analyses of meat samples. Beef and pork samples were analyzed by both standard laboratory (AOAC) methods and NIRS. Regression equations were developed to relate the two methods. Coefficients of determination between NIRS and AOAC results were .929 for dry matter, .965 for crude protein, and .996 for ether extract. NIRS and AOAC procedures yielded very similar results (DM, 38.82 vs 38.58; CP, 17.78 vs. 17.83; and EE, 18.83 vs. 18.00). NIRS appears to be a rapid and reliable predictor of nutritional composition of ground beef and pork based on regression …

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Binding Agents For Low-Salt, Low-Fat, Restructured Beef Roasts: Fish Surimi And Beef Heart Or Skeletal Muscle (1991), P.B. Kenney, Donald H. Kropf, Curtis L. Kastner Jan 1991

Binding Agents For Low-Salt, Low-Fat, Restructured Beef Roasts: Fish Surimi And Beef Heart Or Skeletal Muscle (1991), P.B. Kenney, Donald H. Kropf, Curtis L. Kastner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Five percent fish surimi, unwashed or washed ground beef, and washed or unwashed beef hearts were evaluated in precooked, chunked and formed, restructured beef roasts to determine if they would increase bind in low-salt (0.2% NaCl) product. An industry-like product with 1.0% NaCl and 5% unwashed ground beef was prepared, as well as a product with 0.2% NaCl and no binder. Roasts without binder were comparable in texture and integrity to those prepared with binding agents. Washing ground heart improved the sensory traits, texture measured instrumentally, and oxidative stability of the resulting products. Color was more stable for roasts containing …

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Pregnancy Rates In Beef Cattle After Administration Of Gnrh Agonist 11 To 14 Days After Insemination (1991), I. Rettmer, L.R. Corah, Jeffrey S. Stevenson Jan 1991

Pregnancy Rates In Beef Cattle After Administration Of Gnrh Agonist 11 To 14 Days After Insemination (1991), I. Rettmer, L.R. Corah, Jeffrey S. Stevenson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Pregnancy rates were assessed in suckled beef cows (n=145) and virgin beef heifers (n=606) of mixed breeding following an injection of either 100 or 200 μg of a GnRH agonist given once on d 11-14 after estrus and insemination. In heifers, the 100 μg dose improved (P<.08) pregnancy rates, based on rectal palpation of the uterus, and at both doses, based on actual calving dates. There was no effect of either dose on pregnancy rates of suckled cows, based on palpation results, but actual calving showed a 21% increase (P<.08) in pregnancy rates in cows treated with 100 μg of the GnRH agonist.

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Food Safety Consortium (1991), M. Vanier Jan 1991

Food Safety Consortium (1991), M. Vanier

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

In recent years, food safety has become an issue of concern for the beef industry, beef processors, and the consuming public. Even though America has the safest and most wholesome food supply in the world, consumers are worried about the safety of the meat they eat. In response to reports of illness from contamination by both microbes and chemicals in the meat supply, the United States Congress, in 1988, authorized and funded a Special Grants Program in the United States Department of Agriculture called the Food Safety Consortium. The members of the Consortium are Kansas State University, the University of …

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Follicular Development And Reproductive Hormone Changes During Postpartum Anestrus In Suckled Beef Cows (1991), R.C. Perry, L.R. Corah, W.E. Beal, G.H. Kiracofe, J. Ernest Minton, R.C. Cochran, J.R. Brethour, Jeffrey S. Stevenson Jan 1991

Follicular Development And Reproductive Hormone Changes During Postpartum Anestrus In Suckled Beef Cows (1991), R.C. Perry, L.R. Corah, W.E. Beal, G.H. Kiracofe, J. Ernest Minton, R.C. Cochran, J.R. Brethour, Jeffrey S. Stevenson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Twenty-six, Hereford x Angus, suckled cows were utilized to determine patterns of follicular development and associated changes in reproductive hormones during postpartum anestrus and first estrous cycles. Ultrasonography per rectum was used to monitor follicular size and detect ovulation. Dietary energy and(or) body condition influenced patterns of follicular development during postpartum anestrus. Follicular growth occurred in waves during this period in cows that were in adequate body condition and adequately fed, and follicular development appeared to be related to serum concentrations of luteinizing hormone and estradiol. Two distinct characteristics were associated with follicular development before the first postpartum ovulation. First, …

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Seasonal Performance Of Finishing Steers (1991), J. Mintert, Michael R. Langemeier, Ted C. Schroeder Jan 1991

Seasonal Performance Of Finishing Steers (1991), J. Mintert, Michael R. Langemeier, Ted C. Schroeder

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Analysis of 10 years of closeouts from a western Kansas feedlot demonstrated that steer performance exhibits significant seasonal variation. Steers weighing 700 to 800 lb when placed on feed in September through December had feed conversions roughly 12% higher than those placed in March and April. Although feed conversion varied seasonally, dry matter feed intake varied much less, causing daily gain to mirror feed conversion. Gain was seasonally highest for steers placed in March and April and lowest for those placed in September through December. Cattle feeders should consider these variations in seasonal performance, as they develop profit projections for …

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Kansas Steer Futurities: An Economic Analysis Of Retained Ownership And A Summary Of Cattle Performance From 1974-1988 (1991), D. Simms, J. Mintert, A. Maddux Jan 1991

Kansas Steer Futurities: An Economic Analysis Of Retained Ownership And A Summary Of Cattle Performance From 1974-1988 (1991), D. Simms, J. Mintert, A. Maddux

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The performance, carcass characteristics, and economic data from over 6,200 steers entered in Kansas Steer Futurities from 1974 through 1988 were summarized to evaluate production trends and profitability. The steers' delivery weights, final weights, and frame scores increased over the 14-year period, while daily gain was essentially unchanged. The quality grade, fat thickness, and yield grade all decreased slightly. Ribeye area increased slightly, but ribeye area per unit of carcass remained constant over the years. Based on the delivery weight of the steers, price, normal production relationships, and estimated production costs, we estimate that net returns over cash costs for …

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Breed And Management System Effects On Feedlot Performance And Carcass Traits (1991), D.T. Hickok, R.R. Schalles, D.E. Franke, Michael E. Dikeman Jan 1991

Breed And Management System Effects On Feedlot Performance And Carcass Traits (1991), D.T. Hickok, R.R. Schalles, D.E. Franke, Michael E. Dikeman

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Eighty nine steers with different proportions of Angus, Hereford, Charolais, Brahman, and Gelbvieh breeding from rotational and terminal crossbreeding systems were produced in Louisiana and finished at KSU. Half of each breed group was placed in the feedlot at weaning (calves) and the other half as yearlings. Half of the each group was slaughtered at a low (0.3-0.4 in.), and the other half at high (0.5 - 0.6 in.) fat thickness. As percentage of Charolais and Gelbvieh breeding increased, feedlot performance improved. As percentage of Charolais, Gelbvieh, and Angus increased, carcass desirability improved. Steers started on feed at weaning were …

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Seasonal Variation In Quality Of Grazed Forage During A Drought Year (1991), R.C. Cochran, E.S. Vanzant Jan 1991

Seasonal Variation In Quality Of Grazed Forage During A Drought Year (1991), R.C. Cochran, E.S. Vanzant

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Concentration of fiber in the forage selected by beef steers grazing bluestem range during a drought year (1989) was highest in the winter but declined substantially in the spring and remained fairly constant throughout summer. Conversely, crude protein concentration was lowest during the winter, peaked during the spring, declined through early summer, but increased in the late summer before declining during the fall. Precipitation was well below normal in all months except August, September, and October, which were above normal. Improvement in forage quality during those months was probably due to stimulation of late-season forage growth in response to elevated …

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Increasing Levels Of Grain Supplementation For Intensive-Early Stocked Steers: Three-Year Summary (1991), R.C. Cochran, Robert T. Brandt Jr., E.S. Vanzant, E.M. Clary, Clenton E. Owensby Jan 1991

Increasing Levels Of Grain Supplementation For Intensive-Early Stocked Steers: Three-Year Summary (1991), R.C. Cochran, Robert T. Brandt Jr., E.S. Vanzant, E.M. Clary, Clenton E. Owensby

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

During the initial 3 years of a 4-year experiment, average daily gain tended to increase in direct proportion to increasing levels of grain sorghum supplementation (2.3, 2.5 and 2.7 lb gain per day for the control and 2 and 4 lb supplement per day, respectively). The amount of grass remaining in the pastures at the end of the growing season (October 1) was greater in each of the 3 years when cattle were supplemented at 4 lb/day. During the 2 years (1989 and 1990) that feedlot performance was monitored, level of supplementation for grazing steers did not influence subsequent feedlot …

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Influence Of Increasing Amounts Of Supplemental Alfalfa Hay On Intake And Utilization Of Dormant, Winter-Harvested, Bluestem-Range Forage By Beef Steers (1991), E.S. Vanzant, R.C. Cochran Jan 1991

Influence Of Increasing Amounts Of Supplemental Alfalfa Hay On Intake And Utilization Of Dormant, Winter-Harvested, Bluestem-Range Forage By Beef Steers (1991), E.S. Vanzant, R.C. Cochran

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Sixteen, ruminally cannulated, beef steers were used in an intake/digestion experiment to determine the effects of supplementing a dormant, winter-harvested, bluestem range, forage diet with increasing amounts of moderate quality alfalfa. Steers were allowed ad libitum access to dormant forage and were supplemented with alfalfa hay at: 1) .23, 2) .47, 3).70, and 4) .94 % of BW on a dry matter (DM) basis. As the amount of supplemental alfalfa increased, dormant forage intake decreased, but total DM intake increased. Dry matter digestibility was unaffected by treatment, and only minor changes were noted for ruminal fermentation characteristics. Changes in ruminal …

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