Life Sciences Commons^™

The Short Term Effects Of Manganese Toxicity On Isocitrate Dehydrogenase In Wheat & Tobacco, Juergen Pfeiffer

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The short term effects of high manganese levels (80 mg/L) on wheat and tobacco isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) activity were compared. The change in activity was then compared to the concentrations of manganese in the tissues.

As the time of manganese exposure increased, the fresh weight IDH activities in wheat and tobacco decreased. In contrast both control groups had similar enzyme activities every 6 hr over the 24 hr test period. The decrease in IDH activity of wheat and tobacco plants in experimental groups seemed to be related to an increase of the manganese in the leaf tissue. The slower decrease …

Evaluation Of Fomesafen For Broadleaf Weed Control, In Soybeans (Glycine Max), Ricardo A. Jimenez

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The lack of effective broadleaf weed control represents one of the major factors having detrimental effects on growth and yield of soybeans. Broadleaf weeds are a serious threat to soybean growers in the southeastern United States. A broad range of herbicides is being used in an effort to control broadleaf weeds in soybeans, and research is still being conducted to find new herbicides that can best work for this purpose. This study involved the use of one these herbicides. It was fomesafen, 5-[2-chloro-4-trifluromethyl) phenoxy]-N-(methyl-sulfonyl)-2-nitrobenzamide, which controls a broad spectrum of broadleaf weeds in soybeans.

The experiment was conducted in the …

Principle Of Fall Turf Management, C. T. Dougherty, A. J. Powell Jr.

Agronomy Notes

Management of cool-season turfgrasses in the fall is mainly directed toward fertilization, broadleaf weed control and mowing. Fertilizer and weed control recommendations are made with great authority because of a good research base. Fall mowing height has not received as much attention, especially since mowing is often considered a curse by the end of along growing season. In the summer, Kentucky bluegrass and tall fescue turf is mowed high (3-4 inches) to insulate the sward against moisture and temperature stress and to prevent germination of light-sensitive seed of crabgrass and other warm-season annuals. In the fall, however, the mowing height …

An Aeration Duct Design Model For Flat Grain Storage, Thomas C. Bridges, Douglas G. Overhults, Samuel G. Mcneill, G. M. White

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

Traditionally most grain is stored in circular type bins which provide a convenient means for handling and management. With the excess grain production and government loan programs of the past few years, some producers have used rectangular structures and covered piles to complement their round storages. The recommended management practices used with round bins are still required in those alternative storages and may be more critical in obtaining a quality end product.

One such recommended practice used with round bins is aeration. This practice is used to maintain a uniform temperature in the grain mass, preventing condensation and "hot" spots …

Response Of Three Cultivars Of Bell Pepper (Capsicum Annuum L.) To Mulching & Irrigation, Cesar Gonzalez

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The effect of black polyethylene mulching and drip irrigation on the yield and quality of three cultivars of bell pepper was studied during the 1987 growing season. This study was conducted on a Pembroke silt loam soil on the Western Kentucky University Farm in Bowling Green, Kentucky. The experimental design was a split-plot arranged in randomized complete blocks in four replications with treatment as the main plot and cultivars as the sub-plot.

'California Wonder,' 'Lady Bell F₁ Hybrid: and' Keystone Resistant Giant' cultivars of bell pepper were established in the field during the last week of May. The cultivars …

Late Fall Fertilization Of Kentucky Bluegrass, David J. Wehner, Jean E. Haley, Dennis L. Martin

Office of the Dean (CAFES) Scholarship

Many turfgrass managers apply a portion of the total yearly N to cool-season turfgrasses in the late fall (November). The purpose of this field study was to compare fertilization programs with and without N applications in November using both slow-release and soluble N sources. Turfs of two different cultivars of Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L. cv. Baron and cv. Newport) growing on a Flanagan silt loam (fine, montmorillonitic, mesic Aquic Argiudoll) received 10 fertilization programs utilizing urea, isobutylidene diurea (IBDU), or sulfur-coated urea (SCU). Urea was applied four times per year with either a spring application or a late-fall application …

Using Performance Test Results In Soybean Variety Selection In Kentucky, Todd W. Pfeiffer

Agronomy Notes

Many soybean varieties are available to, soybean producers in Kentucky each year. Information is available from company advertisements, private yield tests, and public performance tests which producers can use when selecting a variety. The question arises as to how this information relates to variety performance on a particular farm. The value of yield test data lies in the predictive ability of that data. How well does data from a set of environments predict relative performance among varieties over the wide range of possible environments in which those varieties can be grown? The first objective of this note is to discuss …

Forage Production On Reclaimed Surface Mined Land In Eastern Kentucky, William O. Thom, H. B. Rice

Agronomy Notes

Forage crop production for hay or pasture can be important for the utilization of the many acres of reclaimed surface mined land in eastern Kentucky. Even though grasses and legumes are seeded during reclamation to provide ground cover and reduce soil loss, these areas are not usually managed for forage crop production. On the other hand, these vast land areas have the capability to provide significant amounts of desirable grasses or grass-legume mixtures for cattle when well-managed.

Seed Production And Hard Seededness Of Trifolium Subterraneum Subsp Brachycalycinum, Michael D A Bolland

Technical Bulletins

Ungrazed swards of some subsp. brachycalycinum strains produced reasonable seed yields compared with subsp. subterraneum on the sandplain soils and annual Medicago species on the alkaline mallee soils. However, in swards which were grazed by sheep up to the start of flowering, subsp. brachycalycinum produced disappointing seed yields compared with subsp. subterraneum and annual Medicago species. On a sandy soil, prevention of burr burial compared with covering developing burrs with sand drastically reduce ation an inhibiting light factor operates to drastically reduce seed production.

Potash Studies On Burley Tobacco In Owen County, Kentucky, Kenneth L. Wells, Kim D. Strohmeier, Anastasios D. Karathanasis, V. P. Evangelou

Agronomy Notes

Since the late 1970's, farmers in the Wheatley Community of Owen county have reported seeing potassium (K) deficiency on tobacco during the growing season. Most of them had been following University of Kentucky fertilizer recommendations for burley production. Analyses of cured leaf samples from one such crop in 1980 confirmed K deficiency. It was decided that the problem warranted conducting some field experiments in order to define the problem and hopefully develop a solution. Consequently, we located a field on the Harold Malcomb farm near Wheatly, that tested low in soil K and designed a field experiment with the objectives …

Effect Of Temperature, Moisture, And Soil Texture On Dcpa Degradation, J. S. Choi, T. W. Fermanian, David J. Wehner, L. A. Spomer

Office of the Dean (CAFES) Scholarship

Turf managers sometimes experience poor or early loss of control of targeted weeds, even when herbicides are applied at recommended rates. This study was conducted to determine the influence of soil temperature and moisture on the rate of DCPA (dimethyl tetrachloroterephthalate) degradation in soil. The effect of six soil temperatures, three soil moistures, and three soil textures on the degradation of DCPA was measured in the laboratory through HPLC analysis. Soil temperature influenced the rate of DCPA degradation in the following order: 10<<15<<20<25=30>35°C. The average half-life ranged from 92 d at 10°C to 18 d at 30°C. Soil moisture …

Denitrification Losses From Kentucky Bluegrass Sod, C. F. Mancino, W. A. Torello, David J. Wehner

Office of the Dean (CAFES) Scholarship

Denitrification may represent an important mechanism in the fate of N applied to turf. Denitrification losses were directly measured from fertilized 'Baron' Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) sod samples sealed in acrylic chambers using the acetylene inhibition technique. Losses were correlated with soil texture, percent soil saturation (SAT), and temperature. Losses from turf on a Hadley silt loam soil and Hadley silt soil (both coarse-silty, mixed, nonacid, mesic Typic Udifluvents) incubated at 22°C did not exceed 0.4 and 0.1%, respectively, of the applied potassium nitrate fertilizer (4.5 g N m^-2) when soil water levels were less than …

Soil Science Research Report - 1988

Soil Science Research Reports

Tillage Experiments

An Economic and resource analysis of deep tillage to reduce soil compaction for crop production .......... 1

Effect of phosphorus rate, method of application and tillage on soybean yield in Nebraska .......... 7

Increasing nitrogen use efficiency by dryland sorghum under conventional disk and no-tillage systems .......... 13

Nitrogen placement evaluation for winter wheat in three fallow tillage systems ....... 19

On the infiltration characteristics between tillage/residue soil condition and rainfall .......... 24

Tillage influence on soybean production .......... 26

Tillage, rotation and N effects on dryland corn production and nitrogen uptake in Northeastern Nebraska .......... 30

Fertilizer …

Santiago Extends The Range Of Burr Medics, Clinton K. Revell, Michael Ewing

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

The release of Santiago follows an extensive Department of Agriculture testing programme conducted primarily in the 325 to 425 mm rainfall zone. Santiago substantially outperformed both Serena and Circle Valley and was the best amongst the large number of non-commercial medic varieties tested. About 500J000 ha were sown to burr medic between 1983 and 1988 and the Department of Agriculture expects that the release of Santiago will result in additional new plantings from

Annual Medic Evaluation On Eradu Sandplain Soil - 3 M Rows., Bradley Nutt, M. K. Laslett

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Trial 88EC16

Location: East Chapman Research Station

Inoculated and lime pelleted seed was hand sown into 3m rows at 0.25 g/m. All the medics were inoculated with WSM 540 which may have been less effective with some of the M. littoralis and M. tornata varieties. The 1988 season was very good in terms of frequency and amount of rainfall which is reflected in the high seed yields compared to 1987.

National Subterranean Clover Improvement Programme, P. Nichols

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Trial 88PE27 - University Field Station, Shenton Park
Trial 88WH43 - Wongan Hills Research Station.

The project aims to develop, by breeding and selection, better adapted and more productive low-oestrogen cultivars of subterranean clover for a range of environments in southern Australia. The programme is a collaborative one with the University of Western Australia and consists of two phases (i) early generation selection, which involves selecting varieties satisfying primary selection criteria; and (ii) field evaluation of advanced lines, which is conducted by the Departments of Agriculture in each State and co-ordinated by the Plant Breeder. The first phase is conducted …

Association Of Mesocotyl And Coleptile Elongation With Seeding Vigor In Rice, M. A. Mgonja, R. H. Dilday, S. L. Skinner, F. C. Collins

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Three experiments were conducted to evaluate the relationship of mesocotyl and coleoptile elongation to seedling vigor and plant height in rice (Oryza sativa). A laboratory experiment was conducted to evaluate the potential lengths of the mesocotyl and coleoptile of semidwarf and standard rice genotypes. Four genotypes exhibited inherent differences in their ability for mesocotyl and coleoptile elongation. The semidwarf genotypes ('M-101 ' and RU 7703008) showed reduced mesocotyls, coleoptiles, and total lengths (mesocotyl + coleoptile); whereas, the tall plant type ('L-201' and 'Labelle') had comparatively longer mesocotyls, coleoptiles, and total lengths. Itis assumed that mesocotyl elongation is the most important …

Experimental Summary 1988, R Ac Jones, J M. Wroth, A R. Baker, A D. Lucas, S J. Mckirdy, A D. Lucas, C R. Wilson, W Pathipanawat, R D. Harris, K Clarke, D Van Den Bosch

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

1. Disease complexes in wheat field screening trials.

2. Glasshouse screening for wheat leaf disease resistance.

3. Effect of phosphate, stand density and Rovral on Pleiochaeta setosa in lupins.

4. Genotype and rvral for Pleichaeta setosa in lupins.

5. Control of Septoria in early sown wheat.

6. Controlling Pyrenophora graminea leaf stripe in barley.

7. Effect of environment on leaf stripe in barley.

8. Unusual seed quality problems.

Medic Cultivar Resistance To Phoma Black Stem Disease., M J. Barbetti, N Peterson.

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

87KA11, 88KA62, 88PE21, 87AL12, 88NA77, 88PE22, 88PE23, 88PE24, 88GL11, 88GL9, 88GL10, 88MT34, 88MT1,

Aims, localities, treatments, methods, tables, results and comments.

Postharvest Fungicide Treatments For Control Of Penicilium Storage Rot Of Pears, P Mcr Wood

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

88SW1, Karragullen.

Table one.

Comments.

Winter Dormant Treatment For Control Of Apple Mildew, P Mcr Wood

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

88MA51, 88MA50, 88BY32.

Table two.

Comments

Control Of Phytophthora Root Rot In Proteas, P Mcr Wood

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

88BU1.

Table 3

Comments

Tolerance Of Recommended Cereal Varieties Of New Herbcides, David Bowran

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

88EC28, 88SC31, 88N73.

Pea Variety Tolerances To Herbicides, David Bowran

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

88ME118.

This site was variably infested with a population of wild oats and self-sown cereals.

Development And Evaluation Of Genetic Resources Of Temperate Forage Legumes., Richard Snowball

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Project title 1: Evaluation of Trifolium species.
Location: Medina Vegetable Research Station.

Project title 2: Evaluation of selected lines of Persian and Balansa clovers.
Location: Manjimup and Vasse.

Evaluation Of New Pasture Legume Species In Terms Of Summer Feeding Value And Effects On Wool Production., Tess Casson

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Trial 86KA71

Location: Private farm 'Monalta' - south-east of Katanning.

As outlined by S. Flecker in the 1987 summary for this trial, the expected result of the research is that the feeding value of burr medic pastures will be greater than the feeding value of sub. clover and barrel medic pasture, particularly over the dry summer/autumn period.

Soil-Plant Organochlorine Pesticide Research., Tony Albertsen

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

88MA42, 88BU18, 88BU21, 88BU22, 88BY16, 88AL20, 88AL21, 88AL22, 88BY9, 88 BY1, 88BY11, 88BY12, 88BY13, 88BY14, 88BY15, 88BU19, 88BU20, 88MA43, 88MA44, 88MA45, 88MA46, 86V1, 86V2, 84V2.

Locations: Albany, Bunbury, Busselton and Manjimup.

In 1988 a research programme was initiated to help define the relationship between soil and plant contamination. Two main experiments were established 1) Pasture contamination in annual and perennial grazed swards. 2) Plant species contamination in a wider range of pasture and crops.

Annual Medic Evaluation On Eradu Sandplain Soil - Plots, Bradley Nutt, M. K. Laslett

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Trial 88EC17

Location: East Chapman Research Station.

The plots were hand sown at 2 g/m2 of inoculated and lime pelleted seed. The medics were inoculated with WSM540 which may have been ineffective on some of the M. littoralis and M. tornata varieties. The time taken to form ripe pods was monitored to gain some extra measure of maturity besides flowering time for comparing wide ranges of species. The ripening time involved was very similar over all the varieties, averaging out to 44 days after the flower opens. What appears to be a more important factor when considering maturity is the …

Effect Of Deep Ripping And Aphid Infestation On Pasture Production., Bradley Nutt, M. K. Laslett

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Trial 88EC18

Location: East Chapman Research Station.

Half the trial site was cultivated to 30cm at the break of the season and the whole site was normally cultivated. Weeds were then sprayed with Roundup at 1 1/ha prior to seeding with an eight run cone seeder. The plots were kept weed free during the year by hand weeding. The root distribution was calculated from soil cores taken in 20 cm increments on 20 August. Aphid cortrol consisted of spraying every two weeks with Pirimor at 140 g/ha between July and October. Lorsban at 150 ml/ha was used for the last …

Serradella Establishment On Light Textured Soil., Bradley Nutt, M. K. Laslett

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Trial 87GE81

Location: East Chapman Research Station.

Evaluate early maturing serradella lines on deep sands.