Transnational Law Commons^™

Dismantling The Wto: The United States’ Battle Against World Trade, Aaron Seals

University of Miami Business Law Review

No abstract provided.

Super Unleaded Malbec? A Case Study In Flawed International Standard Setting At The Codex Alimentarius, Justin Schwegel

Journal of Food Law & Policy

The World Trade Organization’s (WTO) Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS Agreement) provides rules on the adoption and enforcement of SPS measures. It also presumes that food safety regulations adopted by WTO Members that conform to relevant international standards are consistent with the SPS Agreement. The relevant international standard setting body for food safety is the Codex Alimentarius Commission, which conducts most of its food safety risk management work through subsidiary bodies such as the Codex Committee on Contaminants in Food (CCCF). CCCF establishes maximum limits for food contaminants and codes of practice for reducing food …

Global Standards For Securities Holding Infrastructures: A Soft Law/Fintech Model For Reform, Charles W. Mooney Jr.

All Faculty Scholarship

Intermediaries such as stockbrokers and banks are ubiquitous in global securities markets, playing essential roles in markets, including trading, settling trades, and post-settlement holding of securities. This essay focuses in particular on the roles of intermediaries in securities holding systems. It proposes an IOSCO-led “soft-law-to-hard-law” approach to the development of Global Standards for reforms to these holding systems. States would be expected to adopt “hard law” reforms through statutory and regulatory adjustments to securities holding systems. The reforms would embrace not only important standards of a functional and regulatory nature, but also holistic standards relating to the private law, insolvency …

Panel Remarks: Canada, United States And European Union -- Out Of Sync On Trade Agreements? Or Are We Sympatico?, Juscelino Colares

Canada-United States Law Journal

The article offers on panel discussion regarding the cooperation of the U.S. and Canada on free trade issues and trade agreements; the expiration of the Softwood Lumber Agreement (SLA); and the status of the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) in the U.S. Congress. Topics discussed include impact of interest rates on investment and economic activity, balancing effect of greater capital inflows that comes with trade deficits and concerns over the investor-state dispute settlement.

Constructivism, Embedded Liberalism And Anti-Dumping Canadian Public Interest Query As Case Study Of Embedded Liberalism, Wissam Aoun

Canada-United States Law Journal

The majority of proposals for international anti-dumping reform focus almost entirely on the relevant economic factors - consumer welfare losses and gains. Therefore, almost all proposals come to the exact same conclusion; in light of the enormous welfare losses suffered by domestic consumers, international anti-dumping law should be repealed in its entirety, or at least replaced by some form of international competition law. However, this analysis views the issue of anti-dumping law through the constructivist lens, and more specifically, the embedded liberalism view of international trade law. From this perspective, economics alone does not grasp the constitutive realities at play …

Refining Statutory Interpretation: How Natural Gas Export Regulations Violate U.S. International Trade Obligations, Amanda L. Tharpe

Catholic University Law Review

As a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO), the United States is required to abide by nondiscriminatory trade policies when exporting products to other WTO members. Current U.S. policy regulating natural gas exports impose burdensome and lengthy licensing procedures on those requesting approval of a permit to export natural gas to countries with which the U.S. does not have a free trade agreement. A similar commodity, crude oil, is regulated by different regulations that allow for U.S. oil producers to freely export crude oil overseas. This Comment analyzes the differences in federal laws and regulations governing the export of …

Rendering Arbitral Awards With Reasons: The Elaboration Of Common Law Of International Transactions, Thomas E. Carbonneau

Thomas Carbonneau

With the growth of international trade, arbitration has emerged as the preferred remedy for resolving private international commercial disputes. In fact, among major Western legal systems such as those of England, the United States and France, statutory and decisional law developments indicate a nearly complete acceptance of international arbitral adjudication. This recognition of arbitral procedure and the enforcement of awards, which are given uniform legal recognition and enforcement by domestic legal systems, either as provisions in international conventions or as principles of national statutory or decisional law. These rules, in effect, represent an international consensus on arbitration and constitute a …

Tpp And Isds: The Challenge From Europe And The Proposed Ttip Investment Court, Ian A. Laird

Canada-United States Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Expert Rountable Report On International Trade And North American Infrastructre, Expert Panel

Canada-United States Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Current Administration Of U.S. Antidumping And Countervailing Duty Laws: Implications For Prospective U.S.-Mexico Free Trade Talks, Stephen J. Powell, Craig R. Giesse, Craig L. Jackson

Stephen Joseph Powell

This Article discusses the current administration of the U.S. antidumping and countervailing duty laws in proceedings involving products from Mexico. Specifically, this Article begins by providing an overview of the basic statutory and regulatory provisions of the U.S. antidumping duty law, emphasizing the application of certain provisions in cases involving imports from Mexico. The Article then focuses its discussion upon recent developments in the U.S. countervailing duty law that have had a unique effect upon Mexican exporters. The Article continues by highlighting the antidumping and countervailing duty provisions of the recently concluded U.S.-Canada Free Trade Agreement (the "FTA" or "Agreement"). …

The Role Of United States Trade Laws In Resolving The Florida-Mexico Tomato Conflict, Stephen J. Powell, Mark A. Barnett

Stephen Joseph Powell

For discussion purposes, we have been asked to assume that the agreement entered into in October 1996 between the U.S. Department of Commerce (Commerce) and Mexican tomato exporters, which resulted in suspension of an antidumping investigation of tomatoes from Mexico, has ended. The new owner of many of Florida's winter vegetable producers, concerned with the continuing rise in market share represented by Mexican imports, is considering further action under the trade remedy and other laws. This article will discuss the potential role of the antidumping and countervailing duty laws in these deliberations, as well as the operation of the dispute …

Counting Once, Counting Twice: The Precarious State Of Subsidy Regulation, Wentong Zheng

Wentong Zheng

Subsidy regulation is in a precarious state. While it has been so ever since the conception of the current subsidy regulation regime, the recent disputes between the United States and China over the “double counting” or “double remedies” of subsidies have threatened the mere functionality of the current regime. This Article argues that the double counting controversy reveals the self-contradictions of the current subsidy regulation regime as to the fundamental question of why subsidies need to be regulated. These self-contradictions make it impossible to devise a coherent solution to the double counting problem within the framework of the current subsidy …

Regulation Of Foreign Trade In Korea, Eun Sup Lee

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

Counting Once, Counting Twice: The Precarious State Of Subsidy Regulation, Wentong Zheng

UF Law Faculty Publications

Subsidy regulation is in a precarious state. While it has been so ever since the conception of the current subsidy regulation regime, the recent disputes between the United States and China over the “double counting” or “double remedies” of subsidies have threatened the mere functionality of the current regime. This Article argues that the double counting controversy reveals the self-contradictions of the current subsidy regulation regime as to the fundamental question of why subsidies need to be regulated. These self-contradictions make it impossible to devise a coherent solution to the double counting problem within the framework of the current subsidy …

Introduction: Transnational Corporations Revisited, Gralf-Peter Calliess

Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies

Articles first presented at a symposium in the context of the biannual conference of the German Law & Society Association (Vereinigung fur Recht und Gesellschaft e. V) on "Transnationalism in Law, the State, and Society." This conference was organized together with the Collaborative Research Center (CRC) 597 "Transformations of the State" at the University of Bremen from March 3-5, 2010. The Collaborative Research Center 597 'Transformations of the State," U. BREMEN, www.staat.uni-bremen.de

Toward Global Corporate Citizenship: Reframing Foreign Direct Investment Law, Rachel J. Anderson

Scholarly Works

This article argues that modern foreign direct investment law is a vestige of the colonial era during which early forms of transnational corporations emerged. Unlike international trade law and despite the dramatic developments of the twentieth century, foreign direct investment law remains largely unchanged. Due to a lack of political will, prior multilateral efforts to implement comprehensive foreign direct investment law reforms have been largely unsuccessful. However, in recent years, growing political will has emerged under the umbrella of Global Corporate Citizenship and related movements. This article posits that Global Corporate Citizenship is an opportunity to reframe and reform foreign …

Reflections On Us - Zeroing: A Study In Judicial Overreaching By The Wto Appellate Body, Roger P. Alford

Journal Articles

This essay is about the application of procedural approaches in the US-Zeroing case that serve to highlight potential problems with Appellate Body decision-making. Those problems go to central issues of judicial restraint, including concerns surrounding standards of review, appellate fact-finding, and notions of justiciability and ripeness. This essay will begin with an analysis of US-Zeroing's approach in applying the specialized standard of review under the Antidumping Agreement, arguing that it fails to adhere to the obligation of deference to permissible Member State interpretations of WTO antidumping obligations. It then examines the fact-finding procedures applied by the Appellate Body, which raise …

Regional Economic Arrangements And The Rule Of Law In The Americas: The Human Rights Face Of Free Trade Agreements, Stephen J. Powell

UF Law Faculty Publications

We have addressed the widespread criticism that international trade rules are insensitive to basic human rights and that globalization has done little with its enormous power to preserve exhaustible natural resources and otherwise promote sustainable development, to alleviate the gap between rich and poor, to encourage states to grant their citizens basic human rights contained in the U.N. Covenant on Human Rights and other treaties, to resolve the often conflicting policies underlying essential human rights and trade goals, and, in general, to integrate trade and critical human rights law on the global front.

Our focus in this Essay is on …

Transnational Bribery Of Foreign Officials: A New Threat To The Future Of Democracy, Julie B. Nesbit

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

Anti-corruption movements around the world have set the stage for a comprehensive attack on transnational bribery. The Organization of American States adopted the first convention to criminalize transnational bribery in 1996, and efforts by the OECD to address the issue culminated in the Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions, which was signed by the representative Ministers in November 1997, and is expected to enter into force by 1999. While these developments are promising, they offer only a partial solution to a complex problem. Transnational bribery will persist until a comprehensive anti-corruption strategy, based on …

Roundtable Discussion, Joseph W. Dellapenna, Laurelyn Douglas, Ted Hagelin, Edwin L.-C. Lai, Harold G. Maier, Yu Ping, John M. Rogers, Ying J. Rogers, Peter Wesley-Smith

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

What we are trying to do in this meeting is to predict what Hong Kong is going to become. One thing of which we can be fairly confident is that we can't know now what Hong Kong will become. Yet speculating is often worthwhile, and so this morning I've asked Peter [Wesley-Smith] and I gave him two minutes' warning--to continue what he had done at the outset of yesterday's sessions. You'll remember that he described a history of the relationship among Hong Kong, various treaties, and what is now the People's Republic of China (hereinafter P.R.C.). I've asked Peter if …

The Role Of United States Trade Laws In Resolving The Florida-Mexico Tomato Conflict, Stephen J. Powell, Mark A. Barnett

UF Law Faculty Publications

For discussion purposes, we have been asked to assume that the agreement entered into in October 1996 between the U.S. Department of Commerce (Commerce) and Mexican tomato exporters, which resulted in suspension of an antidumping investigation of tomatoes from Mexico, has ended. The new owner of many of Florida's winter vegetable producers, concerned with the continuing rise in market share represented by Mexican imports, is considering further action under the trade remedy and other laws. This article will discuss the potential role of the antidumping and countervailing duty laws in these deliberations, as well as the operation of the dispute …

Case Digest-Vol.24-No.1, Law Review Staff

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

This CASE DIGEST provides brief analyses of cases that represent current aspects of transnational law. The Digest includes cases that establish legal principles and cases that apply established legal principles to new factual situations. The cases are grouped in topical categories and references are given for further research.

I. NATIVE AMERICANS/JURISDICTION NATIVE AMERICAN TRIBAL COURT DOMESTIC RELATIONS DETERMINATION ENTITLED TO FULL FAITH AND CREDIT PURSUANT TO INDIAN CHILD WELFARE ACT OF 1978 DESPITE CHALLENGE BY STATE OF ALASKA BASED ON PUBLIC LAW 280. Native Village of Venetie LR.A. Council v. Alaska, 918 F.2d 797 (9th Cir. 1990).

II. INTERNATIONAL TRADE …

Current Administration Of U.S. Antidumping And Countervailing Duty Laws: Implications For Prospective U.S.-Mexico Free Trade Talks, Stephen J. Powell, Craig R. Giesse, Craig L. Jackson

UF Law Faculty Publications

This Article discusses the current administration of the U.S. antidumping and countervailing duty laws in proceedings involving products from Mexico. Specifically, this Article begins by providing an overview of the basic statutory and regulatory provisions of the U.S. antidumping duty law, emphasizing the application of certain provisions in cases involving imports from Mexico. The Article then focuses its discussion upon recent developments in the U.S. countervailing duty law that have had a unique effect upon Mexican exporters. The Article continues by highlighting the antidumping and countervailing duty provisions of the recently concluded U.S.-Canada Free Trade Agreement (the "FTA" or "Agreement"). …

Rendering Arbitral Awards With Reasons: The Elaboration Of Common Law Of International Transactions, Thomas E. Carbonneau

Journal Articles

With the growth of international trade, arbitration has emerged as the preferred remedy for resolving private international commercial disputes. In fact, among major Western legal systems such as those of England, the United States and France, statutory and decisional law developments indicate a nearly complete acceptance of international arbitral adjudication. This recognition of arbitral procedure and the enforcement of awards, which are given uniform legal recognition and enforcement by domestic legal systems, either as provisions in international conventions or as principles of national statutory or decisional law. These rules, in effect, represent an international consensus on arbitration and constitute a …

Export Trade Certificates Of Review: Will Efficacy Be Permitted?, John A. Maher, Nancy J. Lamont

Penn State International Law Review

A vital concept explicit in the Export Trading Company Act (ETCA) and implicit in its Title III is that the time has come for American export cartelism. This is in response to a world in which international trading does not routinely honor the competition principles to which the United States ordinarliy adheres. Despite various successful and unsuccessful attempts, it is not America's job to reform the world. It is foolish to expect American companies to compete in world markets on terms other than those which govern their competitors.

Symposium Introduction, Terry Calvani

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

This Symposium issue of the Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law presents a collection of excellent articles on current antitrust law and United States international trade practices by some of the most knowledgeable scholars in the field, all of whom possess not only superb academic credentials but also a wealth of experience in international antitrust practice. Wilbur Fugate, former chief of the Foreign Commerce Section of the Antitrust Division and a distinguished author on antitrust and foreign commerce, opens the Symposium by examining the Webb-Pomerene Act" in light of the very recently enacted Export Trading Company Act of 1982...

The Symposium …

Books Received, Law Review Staff

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

The Law of Transnational Business Transactions

Edited by Ved P. Nanda

New York: Clark Boardman Company, Ltd., 1981.Pp. 631. Looseleaf (Supplemented periodically). $75.00.

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Managing the Risks of International Agreement

By Richard B. Bilder

Madison, Wisconsin: The University of Wisconsin Press, 1981. Pp. 302. $22.50.

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The Family in International Law: Some Emerging Problems

Edited by Richard B. Lillich

Charlottesville, Virginia: The Michie Company, 1981. Pp. 164.

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International Aspects of Criminal Law: Enforcing United States Law in the World Community

Edited by Richard B. Lillich

Charlottesville, Virginia: The Michie Company, 1981. Pp.245.

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Boundaries: National Autonomy and its Limits …

Books Received, Journal Staff

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

Books Received

Direct Investment and Development in the U.S.: A Guide to Incentive Programs, Laws and Distinctions

Raymond J. Waldmann

Washington, D.C.: Transnational Investments, LTD., 1980. Map, Tables and Glossary. Pp. 443.

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Taxing Unfair International Trade Practices

Greyson Byran

Lexington, Mass: Lexington Books, 1980. Pp. 360. $34.95.

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The Constitutions of the Communist World

Edited by William B. Sinons

Netherlands: Sijthoff & Noordhoff, 1980. Pp. 662.

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The Circular

Part I by Eric J. Herpin and Part II by Charles A.Dilley

Brussels: Emile Bruylant, 1979. Pp. 216.

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International Corporate Taxation

Philip P. Postlewaite

Colorado Springs, Colorado: Shepard's/McGraw-Hill Book …