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Articles 1 - 30 of 80
Full-Text Articles in Tax Law
An Invisible Hand Behind: The Myth Of The Chinese Tax System, Yan Xu
An Invisible Hand Behind: The Myth Of The Chinese Tax System, Yan Xu
Yan XU
To the casual observer, China in 2014 bears little resemblance to imperial society in place two thousand years ago. The agrarian rural society that dominated until recently has shifted to an urbanized services and manufacturing society. The emperor is long dead, along with the Republic government that followedand the subsequent Communist regime has morphed into Party led oligarchy guiding a state controlled market economy. A closer look, however, reveals a remarkable continuity of features. It seems that some aspects of life in China are more resistant to change and the continuity of these features to today indicates that some fundamental …
International Tax Cooperation, Taxpayers’ Rights And Bank Secrecy: Brazilian Difficulties To Fit Global Standards, Carlos Otávio Ferreira De Almeida
International Tax Cooperation, Taxpayers’ Rights And Bank Secrecy: Brazilian Difficulties To Fit Global Standards, Carlos Otávio Ferreira De Almeida
Carlos Otávio Ferreira de Almeida
This paper analyses the conflict between two constitutionally protected rights: privacy and transparency. The latter has been invoked increasingly often by international organizations committed to tackling harmful tax practices, and the former has been recognized as a crucial human right. In an interconnected world, domestic laws are not capable of countering cross-border tax evasion strategies, so that transparency has become one of the most important topics in international tax cooperation, but it is doubtful whether tax authorities can access banking data in order to obtain information to exchange. The judicial reserve clause upheld by the Brazilian Supreme Court represents a …
The Intriciacies Of Tax And Globalization, Sagit Leviner Dr.
The Intriciacies Of Tax And Globalization, Sagit Leviner Dr.
Sagit Leviner Dr.
This article reviews Avi-Yonah, Sartori, and Marian’s Global Perspectives on Income Taxation Law (Oxford, 2011). It outlines the book’s key features and strengths in the quest for understanding the effect of globalization on taxation. In this process, the article also looks into available data to explore global trends in taxation over the past three and a half decades to evaluate whether and to what extent globalization leads to convergence or divergence of national tax policies. The article concludes that as Global Perspectives on Income Taxation Law illustrates, while globalization may lead to at least some observed trends in taxation—including the …
Is There A Justification For Imposing Criminal Liability On Corporate Managers In Tax Legislation?, Karnit Malka
Is There A Justification For Imposing Criminal Liability On Corporate Managers In Tax Legislation?, Karnit Malka
Karnit Malka
No abstract provided.
Set Up For Abduction And Extortion By The Irs: Does The Reporting Of Interest Paid On U.S. Bank Deposits Undermine The Government's Obligation To Avoid Instigating Terrorism By Foreign Criminal Gangs And Drug Cartels?, Darren Prum, Chad G. Marzen
Set Up For Abduction And Extortion By The Irs: Does The Reporting Of Interest Paid On U.S. Bank Deposits Undermine The Government's Obligation To Avoid Instigating Terrorism By Foreign Criminal Gangs And Drug Cartels?, Darren Prum, Chad G. Marzen
Chad G. Marzen
The Internal Revenue Service recently overturned 90 years of United States foreign and tax policy by finalizing and codifying its efforts to report interest income earned at domestic banks for accounts held by nonresident aliens. While the IRS felt its need to collect the data and revenue outweighs concerns raised against the proposal, the rule change has broad ramifications in the areas of tax, commerce, international policy and law, and the war against transnational criminal organizations and terrorism. This article argues that the rule change has the potential to wreak havoc on a fragile economic recovery by leading to a …
Moving Money: International Financial Flows, Taxes, Money Laundering & Transparency, Richard Gordon, Andrew P. Morriss
Moving Money: International Financial Flows, Taxes, Money Laundering & Transparency, Richard Gordon, Andrew P. Morriss
Andrew P Morriss
Recent publicity over enormous estimates of “missing” wealth and the use of sophisticated tax strategies by companies like Apple, Google, and Starbucks have produced a demand that the wealthy pay a “fair” amount of tax regardless of their compliance with the letter of tax laws. In particular, the Tax Justice Network’s claim that $21-$32 trillion of “hidden” wealth remains untaxed has garnered considerable attention. In this paper we argue that these claims rest on poor data and analysis and mistakes about how financial transactions work. We further argue that the disputes are about fundamentally conflicting visions of how financial transactions …
An Exploratory Study Of Investment Compliance Management In The Enron Collapse, Valencia Tamir Johnson Dr.
An Exploratory Study Of Investment Compliance Management In The Enron Collapse, Valencia Tamir Johnson Dr.
Valencia T Johnson
This paper is to critique a thesis titled An Exploratory Study of Investment Compliance Management in the Enron Collapse (2013). This thesis can be found on the IBLS database, and on the Thomas Jefferson School of Law record database. This paper mentions the Enron scandal that played a major role in shaking investors’ and stakeholders’ confidence, in part because the corporation’s administrators were able to conceal its losses for nearly five years. This thesis examines the history of Enron and describes the circumstances leading up to its collapse in 2001, paying particular attention to the violation of corporate governance laws …
Critical Tax Policy: A Pathway To Reform?, Nancy J. Knauer
Critical Tax Policy: A Pathway To Reform?, Nancy J. Knauer
Nancy J. Knauer
The Global Recession of 2008 and ensuing austerity measures have renewed the urgency surrounding the call for fundamental tax reform. Before embarking on fundamental tax reform, this Article proposes adding a critical lens to existing US tax policy to ensure that any proposals for change are informed, transparent, and responsive to the needs (and abilities) of individual taxpayers. This Article makes the case for a specific method of inquiry – Critical Tax Policy – that is built on the articulation of difference rather than false assumptions of sameness. Critical Tax Policy incorporates the insights of a growing international tax equity …
Transparency, Independence And Diversity: Does The United States Have It Better?-A Comparative Analysis Of The Process Of Appointment Of Judges To The Supreme Court In The United States And India., Varun Vaish
Varun Vaish
The rise of legal realism has made it manifestly clear that the background and worldview of judges influence cases.This is evidenced in the United States where the appointment of judges to the higher judiciary is believed to be, at least in some measure, predicated upon the proximity of the political ideology of the judge with that of the appointing party. This influence is acknowledged, questioned and somewhat mitigated against by the process of appointment wherein the Senate ratifies the president’s choice. However the lack of acknowledgement of this influence and its consequent securitization, in the appointment of judges is where …
The Unruly World Of Tax: A Proposal For An International Tax Cooperation Forum, Noam S. Noked, Mohamed S. Helal
The Unruly World Of Tax: A Proposal For An International Tax Cooperation Forum, Noam S. Noked, Mohamed S. Helal
Mohamed S. Helal
International cooperation in tax policy is deeply fractured. Inconsistencies, loopholes and ineffective mechanisms—that could be avoided if efficient collaboration between countries existed—have created significant inefficiency losses for decades. This paper focuses on the institutional infrastructure underlying international cooperation in tax issues and argues that the current forums in which international cooperation in tax issues occurs do not provide an adequate platform in which countries with similar interests can effectively promote collaborative effort. To facilitate cooperation, this paper puts forward a proposal to create a new institution that is currently missing from the international tax policy-setting arena: an informal forum for …
Pfics Gone Wild!, Monica Gianni
Holodomor: Implications On A Neo-Soviet Ukraine, Laura Umetsu
Holodomor: Implications On A Neo-Soviet Ukraine, Laura Umetsu
Laura Umetsu
This paper delves behind the Holodomor as genocide, its ties to the lingering tensions between the Ukrainian and Jewish communities, and proposed introduction of its history into modern classrooms.
The Political Feasibility Of A Global E-Commerce Tax, Rifat Azam Dr.
The Political Feasibility Of A Global E-Commerce Tax, Rifat Azam Dr.
Rifat Azam Dr.
In its strongest statement yet on progressive tax reform, the UN has recently called on countries to introduce a global carbon tax and financial transaction tax (FTT). In my recent article entitled Global Taxation of Cross Border E-commerce Income (31 Virginia Tax Review 639 (Spring 2012)), I proposed to impose a global e-commerce tax on cross border e-commerce income by a new supranational institution, The Global Tax Fund, to be established by countries through international treaty. According to my proposal, the global e-commerce tax revenues shall be spent to fund global public goods. I argued normatively that the proposed regime …
The Key Stone In The Carbon Tariff Wall: The Alberta Oil Sands And The Legality Of Taxing Imports Based On Their Carbon Footprint, Mark L. Belleville
The Key Stone In The Carbon Tariff Wall: The Alberta Oil Sands And The Legality Of Taxing Imports Based On Their Carbon Footprint, Mark L. Belleville
Mark L. Belleville
Can one nation—consistent with international trade law—tax imports or otherwise treat them differently based on the CO2 emitted in another country during production of the import? This Article analyzes the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), relevant World Trade Organization (WTO) decisions, and the considerable amount of scholarship regarding Border Tax Adjustments (BTAs) and concludes that such treatment of imports is legally permissible. In early 2013, the European Union (E.U.) will vote on a proposed rule that seeks to classify crude oil coming into E.U. refineries based on “life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions,” including CO2 emitted during extraction. Canada, seeking …
Is There A Need To 'Substantially Modify' The Terms Of The Trips Agreement?, Varun Vaish
Is There A Need To 'Substantially Modify' The Terms Of The Trips Agreement?, Varun Vaish
Varun Vaish
The TRIPS Agreement is no stranger to controversy and since its inception has been subject to harsh criticism and calls for modification. The task of defending the TRIPS Agreement, particularly from the point of view of an observer from a third world country is, therefore no mean feat. This article focuses on four major fields where a substantial modification of the TRIPS is being debated and suggests that in the light of the recent decisions of the TRIPS Council, the special and differential treatment incorporated, the intrinsic flexibilities available, and the initiatives undertaken at Doha, ‘substantial modification’ is avoidable. The …
La Transparencia En La Protección De Datos Personales, Bruno L. Costantini García
La Transparencia En La Protección De Datos Personales, Bruno L. Costantini García
Bruno L. Costantini García
La Transparencia en la Protección de Datos Personales, ponencia elaborada dentro de los trabajos del VII Congreso Nacional de Organismos Públicos Autónomos (OPAM)
Judicial Review Of Administrative Action/ Decision As The Primary Vehicle For Constitutionalism: Law And Procedures In Tanzania, Daudi Mwita Nyamaka Mr.
Judicial Review Of Administrative Action/ Decision As The Primary Vehicle For Constitutionalism: Law And Procedures In Tanzania, Daudi Mwita Nyamaka Mr.
Daudi Mwita Nyamaka Mr.
This paper examines the discretionary powers of the High Court of Tanzania to review decisions and actions of other public bodies as a means to uphold the spirit of the Constitution on checks and balances between the three organs of the state. The writer examines the procedures for judicial review, the legal and procedural requirements and the remedies available under the laws of Tanzania, however, the writer further examines experiences from other countries particularly from case laws.
The Alternative Forms Of Dispute Settlement And The Essential Difference Between These And Arbitration, Michael Diathesopoulos
The Alternative Forms Of Dispute Settlement And The Essential Difference Between These And Arbitration, Michael Diathesopoulos
Michael Diathesopoulos
The paper examines the characteristics of some common alternative forms of dispute settlement and their key differences from arbitration regarding their nature and scope. Its purpose is to explore each mechanism's suitability for specific types of disputes.
Aspectos Generales Dela Publicidad En México. "La Publicidad De Productos, Servicios, Y Actividades Reguladas Por La Ley General De Salud", Bruno L. Costantini García
Aspectos Generales Dela Publicidad En México. "La Publicidad De Productos, Servicios, Y Actividades Reguladas Por La Ley General De Salud", Bruno L. Costantini García
Bruno L. Costantini García
Introducción a las generalidades de la regulación en materia de publicidad de insumos para el consumo humano (salud) en México.
Global Taxation Of Cross Border E-Commerce Income, Rifat Azam Dr.
Global Taxation Of Cross Border E-Commerce Income, Rifat Azam Dr.
Rifat Azam Dr.
Amazon sells tangibles, intangibles and services worldwide that totaled $34 Billion USD in 2010. At eBay.com more than 97 million active users globally meet to sell and buy online in total amount of $62 Billion USD in 2010. Global clicks at Google.com contributed substantially to its $10.5 Billion USD revenues in Q4 2011. In the year 2010 Americans spent around $173 billion USD shopping online. Global e-commerce turnover is expected to grow up to $963 Billion USD in 2013. These figures illustrate the importance of e-commerce in the global economy today and tomorrow. The taxation of e-commerce as well is …
Regulation Not Prohibition: The Comparative Case Against The Insurable Interest Doctrine, Sharo Michael Atmeh
Regulation Not Prohibition: The Comparative Case Against The Insurable Interest Doctrine, Sharo Michael Atmeh
Sharo M Atmeh
American law requires an insurable interest—a pecuniary or affective stake in the subject of an insurance policy—as a predi-cate to properly obtaining insurance. In theory, the rule prevents both wagering on individual lives and moral hazard. In practice, the doctrine is avoided by complex insurance transaction structuring to effectuate both origination and transfers of insurance by individuals without an insurable interest. This paper argues that it is time to ab-andon the insurable interest doctrine. As both the English and Aus-tralian experiences indicate, elimination of the insurable interest doctrine will have little detrimental pecuniary effect on the insurance industry, while freeing …
Historia, Maendeleo Na Mabadiliko Ya Katiba Tanzania Tangu Uhuru Hadi Miaka Hamsini Ya Uhuru 9 Desemba 2011., Daudi Mwita Nyamaka Mr.
Historia, Maendeleo Na Mabadiliko Ya Katiba Tanzania Tangu Uhuru Hadi Miaka Hamsini Ya Uhuru 9 Desemba 2011., Daudi Mwita Nyamaka Mr.
Daudi Mwita Nyamaka Mr.
Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania ni nchi iliyotokana na nchi mbili za Tanganyika na Zanzibari mwaka 1964, tangu uhuru wa Tanganyika 1961 na uhuru wa Zanzibari 1963 pamekuwapo na maendeleo ya kikatiba kwa upande wa Muungano na kwa Zanzibari ambayo hatuna budi kuyatazama kwa mapana yake hasa juu ya ushirikishwaji wa watu katika kuzipata katiba hizi.
Electronic Contracts In Tanzania: An Appraisal Of The Legal Framework, Daudi Mwita Nyamaka Mr.
Electronic Contracts In Tanzania: An Appraisal Of The Legal Framework, Daudi Mwita Nyamaka Mr.
Daudi Mwita Nyamaka Mr.
The concern of our study was to examine the legal basis for electronic contracts in Tanzania. The major problems that were being examined are; the ascertainment of e-contract terms and the other party in the contract with the focus to consent i.e. consensus ad idem requirements and capacity to contract. With the first problem, e-commerce involves e-contracts and the business community in Tanzania enters into contractual arrangements with external world via websites or email in which case the electronic environment is not suitable in Tanzania in terms of the laws and the technology. Messages sent via internet may be garbled …
Noción Y Elementos Existenciales Del Título De Crédito, Bruno L. Costantini García
Noción Y Elementos Existenciales Del Título De Crédito, Bruno L. Costantini García
Bruno L. Costantini García
Discernir la noción y elementos de existencia de los títulos de crédito, considerando la doctrina y la denominación expresada en nuestra Ley General de Títulos y Operaciones de Crédito, conceptualizando el término de los documentos que consignan un derecho crediticio propio de su naturaleza y deslindando de manera dogmatica y exegética los elementos que lo forman y le dan su funcionamiento, mediante una visión de las instituciones jurídicas que les dan su existencia y aplicación dentro del devenir de los actos de comercio.
Generalidades De La Propiedad Intelectual En México, Bruno L. Costantini García
Generalidades De La Propiedad Intelectual En México, Bruno L. Costantini García
Bruno L. Costantini García
Presentación de las Generalidades de la Propiedad Intelectual en México (Propiedad Industrial y Derechos de Autor), legislación que la rige, aplicación y modalidades
Negotiating The India-Pakistan Conflict In Relation To Kashmir., Varun Vaish
Negotiating The India-Pakistan Conflict In Relation To Kashmir., Varun Vaish
Varun Vaish
Any academic discussion centered on a particular conflict is incomplete without first attempting to garner a better understanding of the genesis and subsequent alteration of the underlying factors that contribute to a dispute through an integrative approach. Such an approach has been termed as “Transformation Studies,” wherein an attempt is made to first study the experiences which lead to grievances and ultimately to disputes. In this approach the emergence and transformation of a dispute is analogous to studying a social process as it occurs.Only when a particular experience is perceived to be injurious, does one feel the need to attribute …
Ownership Unbundling In European Energy Market & Legal Problems Under Eu Law, Michael Diathesopoulos
Ownership Unbundling In European Energy Market & Legal Problems Under Eu Law, Michael Diathesopoulos
Michael Diathesopoulos
In this paper we will examine the issue of ownership unbundling and forced divestiture remedies imposed in a series of recent competition law cases of the energy market - examined in other papers - in relation to the possible existence of a series of legal obstacles. These energy market decisions belong to a group of antitrust cases in which a structural divestiture remedy has been imposed under the provisions of Article 9 of Regulation 1/2003. This divestiture refers to transmission networks and to generation capacity and is meant to lead to severe structural changes, which are compatible with the findings …
La Jurisprudencia En México, Bruno L. Costantini García
La Jurisprudencia En México, Bruno L. Costantini García
Bruno L. Costantini García
Breve presentación de la jurisprudencia en México, su aplicación, objetivos y fines para el Derecho Mexicano. ¿Por qué es util para el derecho? ¿Quién la emite?
Notariado Y Correduria Y Su Registro En México, Bruno L. Costantini García
Notariado Y Correduria Y Su Registro En México, Bruno L. Costantini García
Bruno L. Costantini García
Introducción al Derecho Notarial y Registral en México, cuyo objeto es conocer los elementos de las figuras del notario y del corredor público, la formalización de sus actos y su registro.
Copyright In Its Global Contextcanada's Approach To Bill C-32: India’S Lesson In 'What Not To Do'., Varun Vaish
Copyright In Its Global Contextcanada's Approach To Bill C-32: India’S Lesson In 'What Not To Do'., Varun Vaish
Varun Vaish
Every once in a while, one has the luxury to benefit from the experience of another. When those experiences originate from a comparable state of affairs, one would be unwise not to learn from them. Such an opportunity presents itself before India as both Copyright Modernization Act, 2010 of Canada and the Copyright (Amendment) Bill, 2010 of India are tabled before their respective legislative houses. Through this note the author seeks to reflect upon Canada’s Bill C-32 vis-à-vis the other proposed or prevailing copyright laws of countries, in order to expediently inform the Indian position on Copyright law. The author …