Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Keyword
-
- 15(a)(1) (1)
- Administrative proceedings; Dodd-Frank; Securities Regulation; Chamber of Commerce; Fair enforcement; Admissibility of evidence; Hearsay; Discovery; Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Rules of Practice; Administrative guidelines; History of the SEC; Securities Exchange Acts of 1933 and 1934; Insider Trading Sanctions Act of 1984 (ITSA); Securities Fraud Enforcement Act of 1988 (ITSFEA); Securities Enforcement Remedies and Penny Stock Reform Act of 1990; Sarbanes-Oxley; Administrative Law Judges (ALJs); Statutory interpretation; Chevron deference; Forum selection; Administrative rulemaking; Code of Federal Regulations (CFR); CFR Rule 360; CFR Rule 233; CFR Rule 320; Pre-hearing length; Depositions (1)
- Bonds (1)
- Broker (1)
- Broker-dealer (1)
-
- Business (1)
- Capital (1)
- Capital raising (1)
- Control (1)
- Cryptocurrency; Bitcoin; Secured Transactions; Uniform Commercial Code; UCC; Article 12; Article 9; Wyoming; SEC; Securities Exchange Commission; Digital Assets; Controllable Electronic Records; Perfection; Securities; Commodities; (1)
- Cybersecurity; Whistleblowers; Internal reporting; Whistleblower protections; Cybersecurity disclosure regulations; Compliance systems; Securities Regulation; Corporate Governance; Retaliation; Dodd-Frank; Corporate compliance culture; Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) guidelines; White hat hackers/Ethical hackers; Non-binding regulation; Fraud categories; Egan v. TradingScreen (1)
- Dealer (1)
- Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (Dodd-Frank); Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC); Rulemaking; Dodd-Frank Section 953(b); Administrative Procedure Act (APA); D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals; Pay Ratio disclosure; CEO Compensation; Congress; Soft Pay Cap; Median Compensation; Chevron Deference; Independent Compensation Committee; "Median Employee"; Item 402 of Regulation S-K; Say-on-Pay Votes; Cost of Compliance; De Minimis Exception; Congress; "Name and Blame"; Business Roundtable v. SEC; Chamber of Commerce v. SEC; American Equity Investment Life Insurance Co. v. SEC; "Uncertain Legal Status"; National Association of Manufacturers v. SEC; Arbitrary and Capricious Standard; Amending 953(B) (1)
- Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act; Fraud; Hedge Funds; Misappropriation of Assets; Systemic Risk; Financial Systems; Securities Regulation; Institutional Investors; Risk Prevention; Systemic Failure; Long Term Capital Management (LTCM); Retailization; Leveraged Assets; Depository-Custodian; External Independent Valuer; Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC); Defining Hedge Funds; The Alpha; The Securities Act of 1933; The Securities and Exchange Act of 1934; The Investment Company Act of 1940; The Investment Advisers Act of 1940; Bank Runs; Derivatives; Short Selling; Trading Volume; Repo Agreements; Like-Banks Activities; Investor Protection; Scandals; The Sophisticated Investor Doctrine; Pension Funds; Compliance; SEC's Anti-Fraud Rule; SEC's Custody Rule; The International Organization of Securities Commissions (IOSCO) (1)
- Equity (1)
- Estonia; blockchain; corporate governance; shareholders; New York; Delaware; cyber security; voting; government services; E-Estonia; encryption; Nasdaq; e-Residency; proxy; annual meeting; securities; ledger; permissioned; unpermissioned; tokens; vote coins; wallet; corporation laws; board of directors; Depository Trust Company; DTC; 14a-13; Exchange Act; NOBO; SEC; derivative; shareholder activism; Procter & Gamble; Nelson Peltz (1)
- Financial intermediary (1)
- Finder (1)
- Glass-Steagall; Conflicts of interest; shareholder; corporate law; securities law; proxy advisory firm; consulting services; retail investor; Employee Retirement Income Security Act; ERISA; Securities and Exchange Commission; SEC; Commission; proxy voting; insitutional investors; BlackRock; Vanguard; Glass Lewis; Institutional Shareholder Services Inc.; ISS; pension; 10-k; exchange-traded funds; ETF; SEC Rule 14a-1; Securities Exchange Act; proxy rules; Investment Advisors Act; Rule 203A-2; pension consultant; Emergency Banking Act; United States Banking Act; Federal Reserve Act; Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation; FDIC; Bank Holding Companies; (1)
- Inc.; Administrative authority; Shareholder protection; Security breach; Materiality; Cyber-risk (1)
- Insider trading; insider trading legislation; market competition; wasteful competition (1)
- Intermediary (1)
- JOBS Act (1)
- Liquidity systemic risk risk bankruptcy financial contract financial contract jurisdiction international domino microprudential macroprudential valuation netting collaterial disposal systemic uncertainty procyclicality froth privilege mitigation over-the-counter OTC Risk Global Financial crisis Best practice Bankruptcy Code EU Financial Collateral Arrangements Directive FCD Financial contract privilege Assets Funding Collective distress resolution Distressed estate Immunity Priority Legislative Guide Insolvency United Nations Commission on International Trade Law UNCITRAL Creditor Debtor World Bank Secured Credit UNIDROIT Close-out Unification Secured credit Financial system International Swaps and Deivatives Association ISDA Regulation Mitigation Systematic crisis Capital Financial institution Financial liberalization Market discipline Credit boom Asset price bubble Price bubble Leverage Lender Excessive leverage Debt Vulnerability Channel Amplifier Mortgage default Asset value contagion Bonds Knightian uncertainty Tranches Investment Default Countercyclical Liquid market ICR Standard International Monetary Fund IMF Immunity Welfare Fairness Preservation mechanism Distribution mechanism Pari passu Commercial Tax Bankruptcy moratorium Acceleration rights Set-off rights Pre-bankruptcy Transaction Enforcement International Adjustment Repos Collateral Rehypothecate Derivative Cleared derivative CPP Clearinghouse Over-the-counter OTC Credit default swap CFS Margining European Union EU Title transfer Security Financial collateral arrangement Risk mitigation Secured claims Borrow Security interest Counterparty risk Exponentiate Close-out Procyclical Rehypothecation Domino risk Financial crisis Bankruptcy Code Long-Term Capital Management LTCM Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Act BAPCA Variation margining (1)
- M&A Broker (1)
- No-action letter (1)
- Ownership (1)
- Qualified Opportunity Fund; QOF; Private Equity Exemption; Tax Cuts and Jobs Act; securities law; securities regulation; Donald Trump; COVID-19; Internal Revenue Service; IRS; Qualified Opportunity Zones; QOZ; opporunity zone project; tax law; tax incentive; IRS Form 8996; Securities and Exchange Commission; SEC; Securities Act of 1933; Investment Company Act of 1940; private fund exclusion; SEC Rule 506(b); SEC Rule 506(c); section 3(c)(1); section 3(c)(7); investment contract; sophisticated investor; Regulation D; reform; disclosure; California Public Employees' Retirement System; CalPERS; Assembly Bill 2833; crowdfunding; New Markets Tax Credit Program; Low Income House Tax Credit; low-income areas; (1)
- Scammers; fraud; phone calls; scam calls; Securities Law; SHAKEN/STIR; personal information; Telephone Consumer Protection Act; TCPA; Federal Trade Commission; FTC; National Do Not Call Registry; Voice over IP; VoIP; Internet Protocol; robocalls; spoofing; Federal Communications Commission; FCC; caller ID; Truth in Caller ID Act; telecommunication; T-Mobile; Verizon; Sprint; AT&T; Scam ID; Scam Block; Call Filter; telemarketers; robocalls; Bolstering Online Transparency Act; BOT Act; Stopping Bad Robocalls Act; SBR; Internet Service Providers; ISPs; spam; Telephone Robocall Abuse Criminal Enforcement and Deterrence Act; TRACED Act; digital signature; Subscriber Identification Module (1)
- Securities (1)
Articles 1 - 15 of 15
Full-Text Articles in Securities Law
Emerging Technologies And Perfection Of Security Interests: A Financial University Of Uncertainty, Elizabeth M. Wagenbach
Emerging Technologies And Perfection Of Security Interests: A Financial University Of Uncertainty, Elizabeth M. Wagenbach
Brooklyn Law Review
Since the founding of Bitcoin in 2009, digital assets, such as cryptocurrency, have exploded in popularity. Cryptocurrency has been associated with stories of immense profit and immense loss. The lucky transactors have been able to capitalize on the price fluctuations of cryptocurrency, while the unlucky transactors became victims of the same volatility, losing tremendous amounts of money. The novelty and ingenuity of cryptocurrency has been coupled with mass confusion to transactors and regulators alike. These early days of cryptocurrency have been characterized by a sort of regulatory tug of war that is a direct result of confusion of what cryptocurrency …
Avoiding Wasteful Competition: Why Trading On Inside Information Should Be Illegal, Michael D. Guttentag
Avoiding Wasteful Competition: Why Trading On Inside Information Should Be Illegal, Michael D. Guttentag
Brooklyn Law Review
This article offers a new and compelling reason to make all trading based on inside information illegal. The value realized by trading on inside information is unusual in two respects. First, inside information is produced at little or no incremental cost and is nevertheless quite valuable. Second, profits made from trading on inside information come largely at the expense of others. When the value of something exceeds the cost to produce it, a wasteful race to be the first to capture the resulting surplus is likely to ensue. Similarly, resources expended solely to take something of value from others are …
Qualified Opportunity Funds: Private Equity Exemptions From Public Responsibility, Audrey E. Abate
Qualified Opportunity Funds: Private Equity Exemptions From Public Responsibility, Audrey E. Abate
Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law
The historic Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA), passed and signed into law in 2017, included a pilot program of a new kind of tax advantage: the Qualified Opportunity Zone. The obscure provision has since spawned novel investment vehicles, called Qualified Opportunity Funds, through which qualified individuals and entities participate in what are often significant tax advantages, including deferral of capital gains for up to ten years. Because Qualified Opportunity Funds have come into existence so recently, regulation has been slow to catch up to the ways in which this tax program is rapidly attracting capital from private equity, investment …
Reducing Conflicts Of Interest: A "Glass-Steagall" Split Of Advisory And Consulting Services Of Proxy Advisory Firms, Austin Manna
Reducing Conflicts Of Interest: A "Glass-Steagall" Split Of Advisory And Consulting Services Of Proxy Advisory Firms, Austin Manna
Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law
This Note explores a solution to the potential problem with proxy advisory firms that involves an inherent conflict of interest arising from the structure of two services—advisory and consulting services—offered at certain proxy advisory firms in the United States. The solution proposed in this paper applies a Glass-Steagall framework to breakup these two services of the proxy advisory firms. In theory, this would eliminate the inherent conflicts of interest.
A Taxonomy Of Cryptocurrency Enforcement Actions, Peter J. Henning
A Taxonomy Of Cryptocurrency Enforcement Actions, Peter J. Henning
Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law
This article looks at how the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and the Department of Justice (DOJ) have pursued cases involving cryptocurrencies. A number of prosecutions have been brought against defendants who misled investors into believing that they were obtaining cryptocurrencies when in fact there were simply false statements and schemes to defraud, such as Ponzi schemes. When a company has attempted to issue a cryptocurrency to investors, the SEC has relied on Section 5(a) and 5(c) of the Securities Act of 1933 to require that issuers file a registration statement with the Commission. This is not an easy process …
“Estonia’S Gift To The World”: The Implementation Of A Blockchain Protocol For Corporate Governance In New York, Sydney Lauren Abualy
“Estonia’S Gift To The World”: The Implementation Of A Blockchain Protocol For Corporate Governance In New York, Sydney Lauren Abualy
Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law
The traditional procedures of corporate governance are not designed to resolve issues related to close outcomes of corporate votes, empty voting practices, the proxy voting protocol, verification of shareholder identities, and access to corporate records. Blockchain technology allows all corporate shareholders to participate in corporate governance more conveniently, with increased transparency, on a secure network. Estonia sought to revolutionize corporate governance by facilitating the development of a blockchain based e-voting protocol for shareholders of companies listed on the Tallinn Stock Exchange to vote in shareholder meetings. After unsuccessful attempts, New York stands well behind other states, such as Delaware, in …
Unmasking The Villain: Exposing Scammers’ Identities To Defeat Harmful Calls, Katherine Teng
Unmasking The Villain: Exposing Scammers’ Identities To Defeat Harmful Calls, Katherine Teng
Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law
Since 1991, Congress has attempted to limit unwanted phone calls through legislative efforts. However, past and current laws remain ineffective as scam call complaints continue to increase while the harm of these calls remains severe. Currently, the laws affecting telecommunication regulation focus on reactive measures rather than preventative solutions. Most recently, Congress has passed the Telephone Robocall Abuse Criminal Enforcement and Deterrence Act, which will require telecommunication companies to implement SHAKEN/STIR technology to end scam calls before they reach consumers. While this is the most progressive legislation addressing scam calls, this Note will suggest that phone numbers be registered to …
A Bridge Too Far: A Critical Analysis Of The Securities And Exchange Commission's Approach To Equity Market Regulation, John Polise
Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law
Using the framework articulated by Thomas S. Kuhn in his book, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, this Article traces the evolution of equity market regulation in terms of its epistemological foundations and operative paradigms. It examines the SEC’s growth from a more passive partner with the securities industry to being an aggressive and perhaps overly intrusive arbiter of equity market operations. This Article identifies two distinct paradigms of securities regulation—the “Self-Regulatory Paradigm” and the “Micro-Intervention Paradigm.” The Self-Regulatory Paradigm and the Micro-Intervention Paradigm are not compatible, and this Article explains how the intellectual dissonance between them ultimately allowed the Micro-Intervention …
From Systemic Risk To Financial Scandals: The Shortcomings Of U.S. Hedge Fund Regulation, Marco Bodellini
From Systemic Risk To Financial Scandals: The Shortcomings Of U.S. Hedge Fund Regulation, Marco Bodellini
Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law
In the recent past, hedge funds have demonstrated that they can pose and spread systemic risk across the financial markets, and that their managers can use them to commit fraud and misappropriation of fund assets. Even if the first issue now seems to be considered a serious one by the U.S. legislature, which in 2010, as a legislative response to the global financial crisis of 2007-2008, enacted the Dodd-Frank Act Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (Dodd-Frank), the current regulation still appears inconsistent and inappropriate to prevent and face it. By contrast, the second issue is not always considered …
Full Disclosure: Moving Beyond Disclosure Regulations To Affirmative Regulation Of Executive Compensation, Christopher Saverino
Full Disclosure: Moving Beyond Disclosure Regulations To Affirmative Regulation Of Executive Compensation, Christopher Saverino
Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law
In the period following the financial crisis of 2008, Congress passed the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (Dodd-Frank), which compelled the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to engage in substantial rulemaking. The Dodd-Frank mandate in Section 953(b) required the SEC to promulgate a rule, which it eventually finalized and is currently known as Pay Ratio Disclosure. Historically, SEC rulemaking has received great deference when rules are judicially challenged. However, following the passage of Dodd-Frank, the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals has begun to grant less deference to SEC rulemaking where it has found that the SEC has …
The Choice Is (Not) Yours: Why The Sec Must Further Amend Its Rules Of Practice To Increase Fairness In Administrative Proceedings, Madeline Ilibassi
The Choice Is (Not) Yours: Why The Sec Must Further Amend Its Rules Of Practice To Increase Fairness In Administrative Proceedings, Madeline Ilibassi
Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law
The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) plays an extremely important role within the securities industry—it oversees the financial markets, protects consumers, and maintains market efficiency. One of the most important (and recently one of most criticized) responsibilities of the SEC is its duty to enforce the securities laws and punish violators. During the past two decades, and especially after the implementation of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act in 2010, the SEC’s Division of Enforcement has grown substantially and has utilized administrative enforcement proceedings at an increasing rate. However; this utilization has been occurring without any substantial …
The Cybersecurity Threat: Compliance And The Role Of Whistleblowers, Jennifer M. Pacella
The Cybersecurity Threat: Compliance And The Role Of Whistleblowers, Jennifer M. Pacella
Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law
In today’s technologically dependent world, concerns about cybersecurity, data breaches, and compromised personal information infiltrate the news almost daily. The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has recently emerged as a regulator that is keenly focused on cybersecurity, specifically with respect to encouraging disclosures in this arena by regulated entities. Although the SEC has issued non-binding “guidance” to help companies navigate their reporting obligations in this sector, the agency lacks binding cybersecurity disclosure regulations as they pertain generally to public companies. Given that the SEC has already relied on such guidance in threatening enforcement actions, reporting companies are increasingly pressured for …
Mandatory Third Party Compliance Examinations For Investment Advisers: An Sec Waterloo?, Mercer Bullard
Mandatory Third Party Compliance Examinations For Investment Advisers: An Sec Waterloo?, Mercer Bullard
Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law
The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC or Commission) appears to be on the verge of requiring investment advisers to undergo third party examinations. One justification for the rulemaking is that the Commission lacks sufficient resources to examine advisers frequently enough. Another is to create indirectly a self-regulatory organization (SRO) for investments advisers. Both may leave a rulemaking particularly vulnerable to challenge as arbitrary and capricious under the Administrative Procedures Act. This Article considers three novel grounds on which a rulemaking may be successfully challenged. Congress has repeatedly rejected SEC requests to provide additional funding for examinations or to create an …
Broker-Dealer Law Reform: Financial Intermediaries In A State Of Limbo, Alexander R. Tiktin
Broker-Dealer Law Reform: Financial Intermediaries In A State Of Limbo, Alexander R. Tiktin
Brooklyn Law Review
No abstract provided.
Liquidity, Systemic Risk, And The Bankruptcy Treatment Of Financial Contracts, Rizwaan J. Mokal
Liquidity, Systemic Risk, And The Bankruptcy Treatment Of Financial Contracts, Rizwaan J. Mokal
Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law
No abstract provided.