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Articles 1 - 29 of 29
Full-Text Articles in Legislation
Are Unions A Constitutional Anomaly?, Cynthia Estlund
Are Unions A Constitutional Anomaly?, Cynthia Estlund
Michigan Law Review
This term in Friedrichs v. California Teachers Ass’n, the Supreme Court will consider whether ordinary public employees may constitutionally be required to pay an “agency fee,” as a condition of employment, to the union that represents them in collective bargaining. The Court established the terms of engagement in the 2014 decision Harris v. Quinn, which struck down an agency fee on narrower grounds while describing the current doctrine approving agency fees, blessed many times by the Court itself, as an “anomaly.” This Article asks whether labor unions are themselves anomalies in our legal system, particularly in their constitutional entitlements. Its …
Book Review: A Perspective On Labour Law. Ole Hasselbalch, Alan C. Neal, & Anders Victorin. Stockholm, London, New York: Transnational Publishers, 1984., J. Ralph Beaird
Book Review: A Perspective On Labour Law. Ole Hasselbalch, Alan C. Neal, & Anders Victorin. Stockholm, London, New York: Transnational Publishers, 1984., J. Ralph Beaird
Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law
No abstract provided.
Unions And Campaign Finance Litigation, Charlotte Garden
Unions And Campaign Finance Litigation, Charlotte Garden
Nevada Law Journal
No abstract provided.
Women, Unions, And Negotiation, Nicole Buonocore Porter
Women, Unions, And Negotiation, Nicole Buonocore Porter
Nevada Law Journal
No abstract provided.
What The Awards Tell Us About Labor Arbitration Of Employment Discrimination Claims, Ariana R. Levinson
What The Awards Tell Us About Labor Arbitration Of Employment Discrimination Claims, Ariana R. Levinson
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
This Article contributes to the debate over mandatory arbitration of employment-discrimination claims in the unionized sector. In light of the proposed prohibition on union waivers in the Arbitration Fairness Act, this debate has significant practical implications. Fundamentally, the Article is about access to justice. It examines 160 labor arbitration opinions and awards in employment-discrimination cases. The author concludes that labor arbitration is a forum in which employment-discrimination claims can be-and, in some cases, are-successfully resolved. Based upon close examination of the opinions and awards, the Article recommends legislative improvements in certain cases targeting statutes of limitations, compulsory process, remedies, class …
Enjoining Politically Motivated Strikes In Federal Courts: The Jacksonville Bulk Terminals Case, Mark A. Ozzello
Enjoining Politically Motivated Strikes In Federal Courts: The Jacksonville Bulk Terminals Case, Mark A. Ozzello
Pepperdine Law Review
The United States Supreme Court, in Jacksonville Bulk Terminals, Inc. v. International Longshoremen's Association, acknowledged that a work stoppage entirely motivated by political goals constitutes a "labor dispute" within the Norris-La Guardia Act which is prohibited from injunctive relief by a federal court. In so ruling, the Supreme Court found the Boys Markets, Inc. v. Retail Clerks Union and Buffalo Forge Co. v. United Steelworkers of America, AFL-CIO exceptions, which allow an injunction to issue pending arbitration in situations where the dispute underlying the work stoppage is arbitrable, to be inapplicable to the no-strike clause in the collective-bargaining agreement scrutinized. …
Aspects Of Labor Law Affecting Labor-Management Cooperation In The Railroad And Airline Industries, Henry H. Perritt Jr.
Aspects Of Labor Law Affecting Labor-Management Cooperation In The Railroad And Airline Industries, Henry H. Perritt Jr.
Pepperdine Law Review
No abstract provided.
The National Labor Relations Act And Worker Participation Plans: Allies Or Adversaries?, Susan Gardner
The National Labor Relations Act And Worker Participation Plans: Allies Or Adversaries?, Susan Gardner
Pepperdine Law Review
No abstract provided.
Collective Bargaining Agreements In Professional Sports: The Proper Forum For Establishing Performance-Enhancing Drug Testing Policies, David M. Washutka
Collective Bargaining Agreements In Professional Sports: The Proper Forum For Establishing Performance-Enhancing Drug Testing Policies, David M. Washutka
Pepperdine Dispute Resolution Law Journal
The intrusive nature of drug testing implicates the concern over a person's right to privacy. Currently, Congress has proposed legislation which would establish minimum drug testing requirements in professional sports. This legislation is a reaction to suspicions and investigations surrounding Major League Baseball players and the use of performance enhancing drugs. Federally mandated drug testing would raise constitutional issues regarding the players' rights against mandatory drug testing. These concerns could be avoided if drug testing policies are implemented through a collective bargaining agreement, negotiated and agreed upon between the leagues and their players associations. Thus, as previously asserted, collective bargaining …
Employee Free Choice Or Employee Forged Choice? Race In The Mirror Of Exclusionary Hierarchy, Harry G. Hutchinson
Employee Free Choice Or Employee Forged Choice? Race In The Mirror Of Exclusionary Hierarchy, Harry G. Hutchinson
Michigan Journal of Race and Law
The Employee Free Choice Act (EFCA) is arguably the most transformative piece of labor legislation to come before Congress since the enactment of the National Labor Relations Act of 1935 (NLRA). One of the newest attempts to transform labor relations is the EFCA. The first to disappear under the EFCA would be a system of union democracy whereby unions could only obtain the rights of exclusive representation for firms if they could prevail in a secret-ballot election. Second, the EFCA would eliminate tile necessity of a freely negotiated collective bargaining agreement between management and labor and instead substitute compulsory arbitration. …
Collective Bargaining Or "Collective Begging"?: Reflections On Antistrikebreaker Legislation, Samuel Estreicher
Collective Bargaining Or "Collective Begging"?: Reflections On Antistrikebreaker Legislation, Samuel Estreicher
Michigan Law Review
The strike is a necessary part of collective bargaining. Workers should not ordinarily lose their jobs by pressing their disputes in this manner. But neither should strikes be viewed as a risk-free means of empowering unions to lock employers into uncompetitive contracts.
Collective Bargaining In The Federal Public Sector: Disclosing Employee Names And Addresses Under Exemption 6 Of The Freedom Of Information Act, Trina Jones
Michigan Law Review
This Note examines the application of FOIA and the Privacy Act to union requests for employee names and addresses under the Fed. LM Statute. Part I briefly explores the importance of employee names and addresses to collective bargaining. This Part also examines the increasingly significant role of public sector unions due to the growth in federal public sector employment and the decline of private sector unionization. Part II analyzes the various circuit court decisions supporting disclosure in the federal public sector. Part III examines Reporters Committee and Department of the Treasury and discusses the potential policy implications resulting from the …
A Primer On Power Balancing Under The National Labor Relations Act, James B. Zimarowski
A Primer On Power Balancing Under The National Labor Relations Act, James B. Zimarowski
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
The focus of this Article is twofold. First, it addresses the substantive power control mechanisms established and regulated by the National Labor Relations Board (Board) and the courts. Second, it examines the power balancing methodology embraced by these dispute resolution forums. This Article takes the position that power balancing analysis designed to achieve the NLRA's multidimensional policies is a more fruitful endeavor than the analysis of economic efficiency or a partisan approach subject to political considerations.
Japanese-Style Worker Participation And United States Labor Law, William S. Rutchow
Japanese-Style Worker Participation And United States Labor Law, William S. Rutchow
Michigan Journal of International Law
This note will evaluate the current legal status of Japanese-style worker participation programs under the NLRA. First, it analyzes relevant sections of the NLRA and their interpretation by the Board and the courts. Second, the note describes various types of Japanese worker participation programs, and suggests how these programs can be legally implemented under current American labor law. Third, the note considers standards the Supreme Court may adopt to test the legality of worker participation programs in the future. Finally, this note recommends that the Supreme Court uphold those participation programs which are freely chosen by employees.
Employer Postcertification Polls To Determine Union Support, James D. Dasso
Employer Postcertification Polls To Determine Union Support, James D. Dasso
Michigan Law Review
This Note evaluates these competing standards in light of the two major policy objectives of the NLRA: industrial stability and employee free choice. It concludes that the courts of appeals properly apply a less stringent standard. Part I considers employer polling in the larger context of the general law of employer interrogation. This section concludes that the Board's standard for postcertification polling deviates significantly from the general law of employer interrogation as well as the more specific rules established for precertification polling. The remainder of this Note demonstrates that the Board's distinctions between pre- and postcertification polling do not justify …
The Propriety Of Section 10(J) Bargaining Orders In Gissel Situations, Michigan Law Review
The Propriety Of Section 10(J) Bargaining Orders In Gissel Situations, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
The courts have split on the question of whether a bargaining order constitutes ''just and proper" relief under section 10(j). This Note contends that such an order is always just in a Gissel situation but that a district court may properly issue one only in situations where the Board's prior decisions clearly establish the relevant labor policy and indicate a high probability that the Board will eventually issue a Gissel bargaining order. Part I of the Note develops the criteria relevant to determining what kind of temporary relief is "just." Although section 10(j) does not itself define these criteria, the …
The Labor-Bankruptcy Conflict: Rejection Of A Debtor's Collective Bargaining Agreement, Michigan Law Review
The Labor-Bankruptcy Conflict: Rejection Of A Debtor's Collective Bargaining Agreement, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
This Note examines the courts' accommodation of the labor and bankruptcy policies when a debtor in possession or trustee seeks to reject a collective bargaining agreement. Part I criticizes a series of recent cases that failed to confront the statutory conflict. If these courts had recognized the conflict between the language of the Bankruptcy Act (now the Code) and the Labor Act, they would have been forced to consider whether the labor and bankruptcy policies actually clashed. Part II finds that in most instances they do not, and argues that requiring the debtor in possession to bargain with the union …
Buffalo Forge Co. V. United Steelworkers: The Supreme Court Sanctions Sympathy Strikes, Michael E. Kushner
Buffalo Forge Co. V. United Steelworkers: The Supreme Court Sanctions Sympathy Strikes, Michael E. Kushner
Cleveland State Law Review
The Norris-LaGuardia Act was enacted in 1932 to curb the unbridled use of the federal injunction as a remedy in labor-management disputes. After enactment of the Norris-LaGuardia Act, labor unions grew and gained substantial collective bargaining power. Congressional policy then shifted to encouraging the effective enforcement of collective bargaining agreements between employers and unions. Subsequent to enactment of the LMRA, the no-strike obligation and arbitration procedures became standard bargained-for provisions. However, Judges soon refused to enjoin strikes in alleged violation of no-strike clauses, basing their decisions on the force of section 4. Employers contended that the more recent section 301 …
Organized Labor, The Environment, And The Taft-Hartley Act, James C. Oldham
Organized Labor, The Environment, And The Taft-Hartley Act, James C. Oldham
Michigan Law Review
The legal issues inherent in treating out-plant pollution under the Taft-Hartley Act cannot be fully evaluated without a realistic appreciation of practical considerations and industrial experience. For this reason, considerable empirical information has been collected from a variety of sources. The examination and evaluation of this data will precede the legal analysis. The data, it is hoped, will resolve two questions: What is the effect of out-plant pollution on the workers, and what has been the response of labor unions to date?
Labor Law--Collective Bargaining--The Retirement Benefits Of Retired Employees Are A Mandatory Subject Of Bargaining Because Retirees Are "Employees" Under The Nlra And Because Active Employees Have An Interest In Such Benefits--Pittsburgh Plate Glass Company, Chemical Division, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
This Recent Development will examine the substance and implications of the latter aspect of Pittsburgh Plate Glass, although it is only dictum in the case. The third ground of the Board's conclusion regarding retirement benefits was really only a general reiteration of the first two. It is therefore apparent that that ground is dependent upon the validity of either or both of the other two bases of the Board's conclusion.
Collective Bargaining For Public Employees And The Prevention Of Strikes In The Public Sector, Michigan Law Review
Collective Bargaining For Public Employees And The Prevention Of Strikes In The Public Sector, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
In recent years, a number of states have enacted legislation providing collective bargaining rights for public employees. Almost invariably these statutes have reaffirmed the traditional prohibition against strikes by government workers. But the strike-or the threat of a strike-has been a key economic weapon for employees in the private sector, and some observers contend that without that weapon the new collective bargaining rights for public employees are illusory.
Legislation: Public Employee Labor Relations / Removal Of Federal Judges, Law Review Staff
Legislation: Public Employee Labor Relations / Removal Of Federal Judges, Law Review Staff
Vanderbilt Law Review
One of the most striking developments in labor relations during the past fifteen years has been the rapid increase of both employment and union organization in the public sector. In 1950, there were approximately 6 million public employees; today there are over 10 million, over three quarters of whom work on the state and local level. It is estimated that 1.5 million of these government employees are members of various union organizations, a sixty per cent increase over the past ten years. As a result of this growth, public employees have increasingly sought and gained organizational and bargaining rights parallel …
Internal Affairs Of Labor Unions Under The Labor Reform Act Of 1959, Archibald Cox
Internal Affairs Of Labor Unions Under The Labor Reform Act Of 1959, Archibald Cox
Michigan Law Review
The Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act of 1959 has two main divisions. One deals with the internal affairs of labor organizations and, incidentally, with certain dishonest practices in labor-management relations tending to corrupt union officials. The other deals with labor-management relations as such. This article is confined to the first branch.
The National Labor Relations Act And Collective Bargaining, Nathan P. Feinsinger
The National Labor Relations Act And Collective Bargaining, Nathan P. Feinsinger
Michigan Law Review
The purpose of this paper has been to review the policy-making decisions of the National Labor Relations Board in seeking to effectuate the duty "to bargain collectively" under the National Labor Relations Act, in order to ascertain and appraise their direction.
Labor Law - Collective Bargaining - Enforceability Of Collective Agreements Under Section 301(A), Douglas Peck S.Ed.
Labor Law - Collective Bargaining - Enforceability Of Collective Agreements Under Section 301(A), Douglas Peck S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff, an unincorporated labor organization, filed suit in federal district court to enforce a collective bargaining agreement with defendant. The complaint alleged that defendant was obligated by the agreement to pay employees represented by the plaintiff their full salary for the month of April 1951 regardless of the fact that they had been absent on certain working days. The suit was brought under section 301 (a) of the Labor-Management Relations Act of 1947.On appeal from a court of appeals decision directing dismissal for lack of jurisdiction, held, affirmed, two justices dissenting. An action by a labor organization to enforce …
Labor Law - Labor-Management Relations Act - Right Of Union To Sue On Collective Agreement Under Section 301, Robert C. Fox S.Ed.
Labor Law - Labor-Management Relations Act - Right Of Union To Sue On Collective Agreement Under Section 301, Robert C. Fox S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff union brought suit in a federal district court under section 301 of the LMRA alleging that defendant employer had breached the collective agreement between them by failing to· pay some four thousand employees covered by the agreement for a day on which they did not work. Section 301(a) permits suits for violation of contracts between an employer and a union without respect to the amount in controversy or the citizenship of the parties. Plaintiff sought a declaratory judgment as to the rights of the parties under the agreement, an accounting to determine the amounts of the wages withheld, and …
The Taft-Hartley Law, Willett H. Parr Jr.
The Taft-Hartley Law, Willett H. Parr Jr.
Indiana Law Journal
Address delivered at Evansville at the Annual Meeting of the Indiana State Bar Association, September 5, 1947.
The Evolution Of The "Duty To Bargain" Concept In American Law, Russell A. Smith
The Evolution Of The "Duty To Bargain" Concept In American Law, Russell A. Smith
Michigan Law Review
Promotion of collective bargaining appears to be a governmental policy borne of the travails of economic emergency during World War I, though it was somewhat foreshadowed by the earlier attempt in the Erdman Act of 1898 to outlaw the "yellow-dog'' contract. It first gained recognition by certain of the individual branches of the administration II and was subsequently suggested as an over-all policy, along with recognition of the right of self-organization and other principles, by the War Labor Conference Board. This board was appointed in January, 1918, by the Secretary of Labor and consisted of nominees of the National Industrial …
National Industrial Recovery Act - President's Re-Employment Agreement - Injunction By Labor Union
National Industrial Recovery Act - President's Re-Employment Agreement - Injunction By Labor Union
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff, a Wisconsin labor union, was granted a temporary injunction restraining defendant shoe company, a party to the President's Re-employment Agreement, from "further interference with the right of its employes to organize into unions of their own free will and choice" and from "interfering with . . . the freedom of its employes in the designation of representatives of their own choice for the purpose of bargaining collectively" with the company. The court decided that defendant had violated its agreement with the President to comply with section 7 (a) of the National Industrial Recovery Act. This last was based on …