Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Institution
- Keyword
-
- Legal history (7)
- Administrative law (6)
- Constitutional law (3)
- Law (3)
- Presidential power (3)
-
- Administrative state (2)
- Article II (2)
- Civil liberties law (2)
- First Amendment (2)
- Government and politics (2)
- Michigan Law Review (2)
- Originalism (2)
- U.S. Constitution (2)
- 1930s (1)
- Absolute power (1)
- Absolutism (1)
- Administrative autonomy (1)
- Administrative law reform (1)
- Administrative power (1)
- Administrative procedure (1)
- Bureaucracy (1)
- China (1)
- Civil libertarian (1)
- Columbia Law Review (1)
- Comparative and foreign law (1)
- Comparative law (1)
- Conscientious objection (1)
- Constitution interpretation (1)
- Constitutional theory (1)
- Daubert (1)
Articles 1 - 20 of 20
Full-Text Articles in Legal History
Movement On Removal: An Emerging Consensus On The First Congress, Jed Handelsman Shugerman
Movement On Removal: An Emerging Consensus On The First Congress, Jed Handelsman Shugerman
Faculty Scholarship
What did the “Decision of 1789” decide about presidential removal power, if anything? It turns out that an emerging consensus of scholars agrees that there was not much consensus in the First Congress.
Two more questions follow: Is the “unitary executive theory” based on originalism, and if so, is originalism a reliable method of interpretation based on historical evidence?
The unitary executive theory posits that a president has exclusive and “indefeasible” executive powers (i.e., powers beyond congressional and judicial checks and balances). This panel was an opportunity for unitary executive theorists and their critics to debate recent historical research questioning …
Fixing America's Founding, Maeve Glass
Fixing America's Founding, Maeve Glass
Faculty Scholarship
The forty-fifth presidency of the United States has sent lawyers reaching once more for the Founders’ dictionaries and legal treatises. In courtrooms, law schools, and media outlets across the country, the original meanings of the words etched into the U.S. Constitution in 1787 have become the staging ground for debates ranging from the power of a president to trademark his name in China to the rights of a legal permanent resident facing deportation. And yet, in this age when big data promises to solve potential challenges of interpretation and judges have for the most part agreed that original meaning should …
Faithful Execution And Article Ii, Andrew Kent, Ethan J. Leib, Jed Handelsman Shugerman
Faithful Execution And Article Ii, Andrew Kent, Ethan J. Leib, Jed Handelsman Shugerman
Faculty Scholarship
Article II of the U.S. Constitution twice imposes a duty of faithful execution on the President, who must "take Care that the Laws be faithfully executed" and take an oath or affirmation to 'faithfully execute the Office of President." These Faithful Execution Clauses are cited often, but their background and original meaning have never been fully explored. Courts, the executive branch, and many scholars rely on one or both clauses as support for expansive views of presidential power, for example, to go beyond standing law to defend the nation in emergencies; to withhold documents from Congress or the courts; or …
New Look Constitutionalism: The Cold War Critique Of Military Manpower Administration, Jeremy K. Kessler
New Look Constitutionalism: The Cold War Critique Of Military Manpower Administration, Jeremy K. Kessler
Faculty Scholarship
By reconstructing the anxious, constitutional dialogue that shaped the administration of military manpower under President Eisenhower’s New Look, this Article explores the role that administrative constitutionalism played in the development of the American national-security state, a state that became both more powerful and more legalistic during the pivotal years of the Cold War. The Article also questions the frequent identification of administrative constitutionalism with the relative autonomy and opacity of the federal bureaucracy. The back-and-forth of administrative constitutionalism continually recalibrated the degree of autonomy and opacity that characterized the draft apparatus. This evidence suggests that bureaucratic autonomy and opacity may …
The Depravity Of The 1930s And The Modern Administrative State, Gary S. Lawson, Steven Calabresi
The Depravity Of The 1930s And The Modern Administrative State, Gary S. Lawson, Steven Calabresi
Faculty Scholarship
Gillian Metzger’s 2017 Harvard Law Review foreword, entitled 1930s Redux: The Administrative State Under Siege, is a paean to the modern administrative state, with its massive subdelegations of legislative and judicial power to so-called “expert” bureaucrats, who are layered well out of reach of electoral accountability yet do not have the constitutional status of Article III judges. We disagree with this celebration of technocratic government on just about every level, but this Article focuses on two relatively narrow points.
First, responding more to implicit assumptions that pervade modern discourse than specifically to Professor Metzger’s analysis, we challenge the normally unchallenged …
Early Prerogative And Administrative Power: A Response To Paul Craig, Philip A. Hamburger
Early Prerogative And Administrative Power: A Response To Paul Craig, Philip A. Hamburger
Faculty Scholarship
What does English experience imply about American constitutional law? My book, Is Administrative Law Unlawful?, argues that federal administrative power generally is unconstitutional. In supporting this conclusion, the book observes that eighteenth-century Americans adopted their constitutions not only with their eyes on the future, but also looking over their shoulder at the past – especially the English past. This much should not be controversial. There remain, however, all sorts of questions about how to understand the English history and its relevance for early Americans.
In opposition to my claims about American law, Paul Craig lobs three critiques from across the …
Vermeule Unbound, Philip A. Hamburger
Vermeule Unbound, Philip A. Hamburger
Faculty Scholarship
My book asks Is Administrative Law Unlawful? Adrian Vermeule answers “No.” In support of his position, he claims that my book does not really make arguments from the U.S. Constitution, that it foolishly denounces administrative power for lacking legislative authorization, that it grossly misunderstands this power and the underlying judicial doctrines, and ultimately that I argue “like a child.”
My book actually presents a new conception of administrative power, its history, and its unconstitutionality; as Vermeule has noted elsewhere, it offers a new paradigm. Readers therefore should take seriously the arguments against the book. They also, however, should recognize that …
The Struggle For Administrative Legitimacy, Jeremy K. Kessler
The Struggle For Administrative Legitimacy, Jeremy K. Kessler
Faculty Scholarship
Nearly forty years ago, Professor James 0. Freedman described the American administrative state as haunted by a "recurrent sense of crisis." "Each generation has tended to define the crisis in its own terms," and "each generation has fashioned solutions responsive to the problems it has perceived." Yet "a strong and persisting challenge to the basic legitimacy of the administrative process" always returns, in a new guise, to trouble the next generation. On this account, the American people remain perennially unconvinced that administrative decisionmaking is "appropriate, proper, and just," entitled to respect and obedience "by virtue of who made the decision" …
A War For Liberty: On The Law Of Conscientious Objection, Jeremy K. Kessler
A War For Liberty: On The Law Of Conscientious Objection, Jeremy K. Kessler
Faculty Scholarship
One common understanding of the Second World War is that it was a contest between liberty and tyranny. For many at the time – and for still more today – ‘liberty’ meant the rule of law: government constrained by principle, procedure, and most of all, individual rights. For those states that claimed to represent this rule-of-law tradition, total war presented enormous challenges, even outright contradictions. How would these states manage to square the governmental imperatives of military emergency with the legal protections and procedures essential to preserving the ancient ‘liberty of the subject’? This question could be and was asked …
When Truth Cannot Be Presumed: The Regulation Of Drug Promotion Under An Expanding First Amendment, Christopher Robertson
When Truth Cannot Be Presumed: The Regulation Of Drug Promotion Under An Expanding First Amendment, Christopher Robertson
Faculty Scholarship
The Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FDCA) requires that, prior to marketing a drug, the manufacturer must prove that it is safe and effective for the manufacturer’s intended uses, as shown on the proposed label. Nonetheless, physicians may prescribe drugs for other “off-label” uses, and often do so. Still, manufacturers have not been allowed to promote the unproven uses in advertisements or sales pitches.
This regime is now precarious due to an onslaught of scholarly critiques, a series of Supreme Court decisions that enlarge the First Amendment, and a landmark court of appeals decision holding that the First Amendment precludes …
The Administrative Origins Of Modern Civil Liberties Law, Jeremy K. Kessler
The Administrative Origins Of Modern Civil Liberties Law, Jeremy K. Kessler
Faculty Scholarship
This Article offers a new explanation for the puzzling origin of modern civil liberties law. Legal scholars have long sought to explain how Progressive lawyers and intellectuals skeptical of individual rights and committed to a strong, activist state came to advocate for robust First Amendment protections after World War I. Most attempts to solve this puzzle focus on the executive branch's suppression of dissent during World War I and the Red Scare. Once Progressives realized that a powerful administrative state risked stifling debate and deliberation within civil society, the story goes, they turned to civil liberties law in order to …
Book Review, Matthew D. Adler
Book Review, Matthew D. Adler
Faculty Scholarship
Reviewing, N. Scott Arnold, Imposing Values: An Essay on Liberalism and Regulation (2009)
Why The Chinese Public Prefer Administrative Petitioning Over Litigation, Taisu Zhang
Why The Chinese Public Prefer Administrative Petitioning Over Litigation, Taisu Zhang
Faculty Scholarship
In recent years, the Chinese public, when facing disputes with government officials, have preferred a non-legal means of resolution, the Xinfang system, over litigation. Some scholars explain this by claiming that administrative litigation is less effective than Xinfang petitioning. Others argue that the Chinese have historically eschewed litigation and continue to do so habitually. This paper proposes a new explanation: Chinese have traditionally litigated administrative disputes, but only when legal procedure is not too adversarial and allows for the possibility of reconciliation through court-directed settlement. Since this possibility does not formally exist in modern Chinese administrative litigation, people tend to …
The Administrative State, Front And Center: Studying Law And Administration In Postwar America, Reuel E. Schiller
The Administrative State, Front And Center: Studying Law And Administration In Postwar America, Reuel E. Schiller
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
The Era Of Deference: Courts, Expertise, And The Emergence Of New Deal Administrative Law, Reuel E. Schiller
The Era Of Deference: Courts, Expertise, And The Emergence Of New Deal Administrative Law, Reuel E. Schiller
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Rulemaking's Promise: Administrative Law And Legal Culture In The 1960s And 1970s, Reuel E. Schiller
Rulemaking's Promise: Administrative Law And Legal Culture In The 1960s And 1970s, Reuel E. Schiller
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Enlarging The Administrative Polity: Administrative Law And The Changing Definition Of Pluralism, 1945-1970, Reuel E. Schiller
Enlarging The Administrative Polity: Administrative Law And The Changing Definition Of Pluralism, 1945-1970, Reuel E. Schiller
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Free Speech And Expertise: Administrative Censorship And The Birth Of The Modern First Amendment, Reuel E. Schiller
Free Speech And Expertise: Administrative Censorship And The Birth Of The Modern First Amendment, Reuel E. Schiller
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Sunstein, Statutes, And The Common Law – Reconciling Markets, The Communal Impulse, And The Mammoth State, Peter L. Strauss
Sunstein, Statutes, And The Common Law – Reconciling Markets, The Communal Impulse, And The Mammoth State, Peter L. Strauss
Faculty Scholarship
Professor Cass Sunstein's new book, After the Rights Revolution: Reconceiving the Regulatory State, builds upon, and in important ways seeks to integrate, much of Professor Sunstein's work over the past several years. He has been one of our most prolific and influential writers on issues of governmental structure, approaching the subject both from more or less conventional administrative law perspectives and from the constitutional perspectives of separation of powers. His work has dealt with a tension often addressed in the literature, that between the eighteenth-century Madisonian constitutional engine of limited, internally checked government and the realities of our sprawling …
Public Rights And The Federal Judicial Power: From Murray's Lessee Through Crowell To Schor, Gordon G. Young
Public Rights And The Federal Judicial Power: From Murray's Lessee Through Crowell To Schor, Gordon G. Young
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.