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Articles 1 - 21 of 21
Full-Text Articles in Labor and Employment Law
Fashioning A General Common Law For Employment In An Age Of Statutes, Michael C. Harper
Fashioning A General Common Law For Employment In An Age Of Statutes, Michael C. Harper
Faculty Scholarship
In the current post-Erie age of statutes the Supreme Court continues to have potential influence over the development of a “general” common law used to decide recurring issues governed by state law. This influence, which has drawn little commentary, derives from the Court’s authority to consider analogous issues when filling gaps in federal statutes, sometimes through express reliance on general common law. The influence is through the power to persuade, like that of the federal judiciary in its general common lawmaking age of Swift, rather than through the power to command, like that of the federal judiciary in the formulation …
Incorporating Rights: Child Labor In African Agriculture And The Challenge Of Changing Practices In The Cocoa Industry, Erika George
Incorporating Rights: Child Labor In African Agriculture And The Challenge Of Changing Practices In The Cocoa Industry, Erika George
Faculty Scholarship
Millions of children around the world are working.1 Many youth are fortunate to enjoy age-appropriate employment and learn valuable skills through work. Unfortunately, too many children labor under abusive conditions-some are trafficked, others are enslaved . These unfortunate children are denied the opportunity to enjoy the fundamental human rights essential to their development and guaranteed under international law.
This essay offers an overview of the issues associated with child labor eradication, a review of the legal instruments regulating the work of children, and an assessment of recent initiatives to address the worst forms of child labor in the cocoa …
Abuse Of Rights: The Continental Drug And The Common Law, Anna Di Robilant
Abuse Of Rights: The Continental Drug And The Common Law, Anna Di Robilant
Faculty Scholarship
This article explores a crucial, though often neglected, episode in the history of modern private law: the nineteenth and early twentieth century debate over the concept of “abuse of rights”. In broad terms, the formula evokes the idea of an abusive, because malicious or unreasonable, exercise of an otherwise lawful right. The doctrine was applied in a variety of subfields of private law: property, contract, and labour law. It was conceived as a response to the urgent legal questions posed by the rise of modern industrial society: the limits of workers’ right to strike, the limits of industrial enterprises’ property …
The International Sugar Trade And Sustainable Development: Curtailing The Sugar Rush, Nadia B. Ahmad
The International Sugar Trade And Sustainable Development: Curtailing The Sugar Rush, Nadia B. Ahmad
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
In Defense Of Snooping Employers, Jessica Fink
In Defense Of Snooping Employers, Jessica Fink
Faculty Scholarship
The Article describes the means through which employers gather information about their employees, including through some recent, rather novel approaches to collecting such data. In addition, this Article discusses the financial, legal, and practical concerns that motivate employers to snoop in the first place, arguing that employers engage in this conduct for what frequently amount to very legitimate reasons. More significantly, this article places substantial responsibility for employer snooping with the courts themselves, highlighting particular decisions and doctrines that not only permit, but in fact encourage, employers to engage in these efforts to monitor employees.
The Many Lanes Out Of Court: Privatization Of Employment Discrimination Disputes, Theresa M. Beiner
The Many Lanes Out Of Court: Privatization Of Employment Discrimination Disputes, Theresa M. Beiner
Faculty Scholarship
Despite employment gains made by women, older Americans, and racial and religious minorities, employment discrimination remains a persistent problem in the American workplace. Scholars have lamented that employment discrimination laws have not proven effective in eliminating the many vestiges of discrimination that still linger. Many scholars blame the lackluster enforcement of employment discrimination laws on the federal courts' inability to understand or theorize about the lingering aspects of discrimination based on race and sex that still pervade the modern workplace as well as judicial hostility to employment discrimination claims. Recent data suggest that this has led some employment discrimination claimants …
The Trouble With Torgerson: The Latest Effort To Summarily Adjudicate Employment Discrimination Cases, Theresa M. Beiner
The Trouble With Torgerson: The Latest Effort To Summarily Adjudicate Employment Discrimination Cases, Theresa M. Beiner
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Theorizing Billable Hours, Theresa M. Beiner
Theorizing Billable Hours, Theresa M. Beiner
Faculty Scholarship
This article looks at the ethical and diversity implications of high billable hour requirements. While corporate counsel have increasingly demanded a diverse legal workforce and emphasized the need to lower the costs of outside counsel, law firms have not responded to these concerns in a manner that is producing results. Instead, women continue to drop out of law firm practice at higher rates than their male counterparts and the costs of legal services remain high. High billable hour requirements exacerbate both these problems and have implications as well for ethical lawyering. Using data from a variety of disciplines, the article …
Beyond Title Vii: Rethinking Race, Ex-Offender Status, And Employment Discrimination In The Information Age, Kimani Paul-Emile
Beyond Title Vii: Rethinking Race, Ex-Offender Status, And Employment Discrimination In The Information Age, Kimani Paul-Emile
Faculty Scholarship
More than sixty-five million people in the United States—more than one in four adults—have had some involvement with the criminal justice system that will appear on a criminal history report. A rapidly expanding, for-profit industry has developed to collect these records and compile them into electronic databases, offering employers an inexpensive and readily accessible means of screening prospective employees. Nine out of ten employers now inquire into the criminal history of job candidates, systematically denying individuals with a criminal record any opportunity to gain work experience or build their job qualifications. This is so despite the fact that many individuals …
The Judiciary And Fiscal Crises: An Institutional Critique, Peter Conti-Brown, Ronald J. Gilson
The Judiciary And Fiscal Crises: An Institutional Critique, Peter Conti-Brown, Ronald J. Gilson
Faculty Scholarship
Scholars have long debated the role for courts with respect to governmental action that responds to crisis. Most of the crises analyzed, however, are exogenous to the political process; the courts’ role in response to politically endogenous crises has received less attention. We evaluate the role of the judiciary in a subset of those endogenous crises: the judicial treatment of governmental efforts to resolve the crisis facing underfunded public pensions. Assessing institutional competence schematically with reference to an institution’s democratic accountability and fact-finding ability, we argue that, where institutions function properly, judicial intervention in politically endogenous economic crises should be …
Comment On The Definition Of "Eligible Organization" For Purposes Of Coverage Of Certain Preventive Services Under The Affordable Care Act, Robert P. Bartlett, Richard M. Buxbaum, Stavros Gadinis, Justin Mccrary, Stephen Davidoff Solomon, Eric L. Talley
Comment On The Definition Of "Eligible Organization" For Purposes Of Coverage Of Certain Preventive Services Under The Affordable Care Act, Robert P. Bartlett, Richard M. Buxbaum, Stavros Gadinis, Justin Mccrary, Stephen Davidoff Solomon, Eric L. Talley
Faculty Scholarship
This comment letter was submitted by U.C. Berkeley corporate law professors in response to a request for comment by the Health and Human Services Department on the definition of "eligible organization" under the Affordable Care Act in light of the Supreme Court's decision in Burwell v. Hobby Lobby. "Eligible organizations" will be permitted under the Hobby Lobby decision to assert the religious principles of their shareholders to exempt themselves from the Affordable Care Act's contraceptive mandate for employees.
In Hobby Lobby, the Supreme Court held that the nexus of identity between several closely-held, for-profit corporations and their shareholders holding “a …
The Fair Labor Standards Act: A Tool For Those Who Represent Employees, Claimants, And Plaintiffs, Joseph A. Schremmer, Sean M. Mcgivern
The Fair Labor Standards Act: A Tool For Those Who Represent Employees, Claimants, And Plaintiffs, Joseph A. Schremmer, Sean M. Mcgivern
Faculty Scholarship
The Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) of 1938 is a comprehensive federal statute that regulates minimum wages, maximum hours, and child labor. This article is intended to provide background for the general practitioner in an effort to help advance the interests of Kansas Association for Justice clients and workers. The FLSA was created to hold disreputable employers to account for chiseling their workers. The tangle of rules and regulations that followed may have complicated the operation of a basically straightforward law. But as long as lawyers understand and can navigate these highly technical provisions, FDR’s grand vision for fair and …
It's Complicated: Age, Gender, And Lifetime Discrimination Against Working Women - The United States And The U.K. As Examples, Susan Bisom-Rapp, Malcolm Sargeant
It's Complicated: Age, Gender, And Lifetime Discrimination Against Working Women - The United States And The U.K. As Examples, Susan Bisom-Rapp, Malcolm Sargeant
Faculty Scholarship
This article considers the effect on women of a lifetime of discrimination using material from both the U.S. and the U.K. Government reports in both countries make clear that women workers suffer from multiple disadvantages during their working lives, which result in significantly poorer outcomes in old age when compared to men. Indeed, the numbers are stark. In the U.S., for example, the poverty rate of women 65 years old and up is nearly double that of their male counterparts. Older women of color are especially disadvantaged. The situation in the U.K. is comparable.
To capture the phenomenon, the article …
Single And Childfree! Reassessing Parental And Marital Status Discrimination, Trina Jones
Single And Childfree! Reassessing Parental And Marital Status Discrimination, Trina Jones
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
The Diversity Feedback Loop, Patrick Shin, Devon Carbado, Mitu Gulati
The Diversity Feedback Loop, Patrick Shin, Devon Carbado, Mitu Gulati
Faculty Scholarship
At some point in the near future, the Supreme Court will weigh in on the permissible scope of affirmative action to increase workplace diversity. Undoubtedly, many scholars will argue that if affirmative action is good for colleges and universities, it is good for workplaces as well. One cannot assess whether this “transplant” argument is right without understanding the complex ways in which diversity initiatives at colleges and universities interact with diversity initiatives at work. The university and the workplace are not separate and distinct institutional settings in which diversity is or is not achieved. They are part of an interconnected …
Title Vii At 50: Contemporary Challenges For U.S. Employment Discrimination Law, Trina Jones
Title Vii At 50: Contemporary Challenges For U.S. Employment Discrimination Law, Trina Jones
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Amicus Brief Of Labor Relations And Research Center, U. Mass., Amherst In Browning-Ferris, Nlrb Rc-109684, Harris Freeman, George Gonos
Amicus Brief Of Labor Relations And Research Center, U. Mass., Amherst In Browning-Ferris, Nlrb Rc-109684, Harris Freeman, George Gonos
Faculty Scholarship
Amicus brief submitted by the Labor Relations and Research Center, University of Massachusetts, to the National Labor Relations Board in the representation case of Brown-Ferris Industries, Leadpoint Business Services and Local 350, Teamsters, RC-109684. The brief provides a socio-legal argument for the joint-employer status of the temporary staffing agency and its user clients under federal labor law and the duty of both employers to bargain with joint-employed temp workers who seek union representation and a collective bargaining agreement.
Amici Brief Of Labor Relations And Research Center, U. Mass., Amherst And Massachusetts Wage Campaign, In Meshna V. Scrivanos, Sjc 11618, Harris Freeman
Amici Brief Of Labor Relations And Research Center, U. Mass., Amherst And Massachusetts Wage Campaign, In Meshna V. Scrivanos, Sjc 11618, Harris Freeman
Faculty Scholarship
Amici brief submitted by the Labor Relations and Research Center, University of Massachusetts and the Massachusetts Wage Campaign, to the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court in the case of Meshna v. Scrivanos. The brief argues that the Massachusetts Tips Act prohibits no-tipping policies and that it does not sanction such no-tipping policies as a lawful business response to customer demand or preference. Furthermore, it argues that no-tipping policies contribute to the impoverishment of the low-wage workforce and foist the social and economic costs of tipping bans onto citizen-tax payers.
Clothes Don't Make The Man (Or Woman), But Gender Identity Might, Jennifer Levi
Clothes Don't Make The Man (Or Woman), But Gender Identity Might, Jennifer Levi
Faculty Scholarship
The Ninth Circuit's recent decision in Jespersen v. Harrah's Operating Co., Inc. reflects the blinders on many contemporary courts regarding the impact of sex-differentiated dress requirements on female employees. Although some courts have acknowledged the impermissibility of imposing sexually exploitive dress requirements, they have done so only at the extreme outer limits, ignoring the concrete harms experienced by women (and men) who are forced to conform to externally imposed gender norms. On the other hand, some transgender litigants have recently succeeded in challenging sex-differentiated dress requirements. This success is due in part to their incorporation of disability claims based on …
Federal Equal Protection, Taylor Flynn
Federal Equal Protection, Taylor Flynn
Faculty Scholarship
The Author explores the use of due process and equal protection guarantees from the U.S. Constitution as a means to challenge workplace discrimination faced by LGBT government employees. The Author also discusses how private employees must rely on Title VII of the Civil Rights Act to assert similar claims. Because sex discrimination is prohibited under both the Constitution and Title VII, federal courts have relied on reasoning in the former context when analyzing the latter, and vice versa. This means that a watershed case regarding one law can contain reasoning for the other. The Author goes on to the discuss …
A Reasonable Belief: In Support Of Lgbt Plaintiffs' Title Vii Retaliation Claims, Erin E. Buzuvis
A Reasonable Belief: In Support Of Lgbt Plaintiffs' Title Vii Retaliation Claims, Erin E. Buzuvis
Faculty Scholarship
When an LGBT employee is punished for complaining about discrimination in the workplace, he or she has two potential causes of action under Title VII: first, a challenge to the underlying discrimination, and second, a challenge to the resulting retaliation. The first claim is vulnerable to dismissal under courts’ narrow interpretation of Title VII’s prohibition of discrimination “because of sex” as applied to LGBT plaintiffs. But such an outcome need not determine the fate of the second claim. Faithful application of retaliation law’s “reasonable belief” standard, which protects a plaintiff from reprisal so long as she reasonably believed that she …