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Historia, Maendeleo Na Mabadiliko Ya Katiba Tanzania Tangu Uhuru Hadi Miaka Hamsini Ya Uhuru 9 Desemba 2011., Daudi Mwita Nyamaka Mr.

Daudi Mwita Nyamaka Mr.

Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania ni nchi iliyotokana na nchi mbili za Tanganyika na Zanzibari mwaka 1964, tangu uhuru wa Tanganyika 1961 na uhuru wa Zanzibari 1963 pamekuwapo na maendeleo ya kikatiba kwa upande wa Muungano na kwa Zanzibari ambayo hatuna budi kuyatazama kwa mapana yake hasa juu ya ushirikishwaji wa watu katika kuzipata katiba hizi.

La Voluntad En Los Contratos De Adhesión: Sociología Y Crítica Jurídica, Con Énfasis En El Análisis Económico Del Derecho / The Consent Theory Critique And Standard Form Contracts In Civil Law (With Special Reference To Law And Economics), Andres Palacios Lleras

Andrés Palacios Lleras

El presente artículo tiene como propósito sugerir los elementos básicos para (re)construir una doctrina diferente sobre la interpretación de los contratos de adhesión en Colombia, basada en las ideas de Josserand y en literatura contemporánea sobre análisis económico del derecho. La tesis que se argumenta sugiere que dichos contratos deben interpretarse teniendo en mente tanto las característias cognitivas de los adherentes, como el desequilirio de poder negocial que subyace su relación con los oferentes, y sugiere que las normas potestativas sólo puedan ser cambiadas a favor de la parte adherente.

The purpose of this paper is to explore the connections …

Electronic Contracts In Tanzania: An Appraisal Of The Legal Framework, Daudi Mwita Nyamaka Mr.

Daudi Mwita Nyamaka Mr.

The concern of our study was to examine the legal basis for electronic contracts in Tanzania. The major problems that were being examined are; the ascertainment of e-contract terms and the other party in the contract with the focus to consent i.e. consensus ad idem requirements and capacity to contract. With the first problem, e-commerce involves e-contracts and the business community in Tanzania enters into contractual arrangements with external world via websites or email in which case the electronic environment is not suitable in Tanzania in terms of the laws and the technology. Messages sent via internet may be garbled …

"Orabunt Causas Melius": El Lema Del Colegio De Abogados De Lima Y La Historia (Singular) De Una Infamia, Leysser L. Leon

Leysser L. León

El autor explica el particular y desconocido significado de la enseña del Colegio de Abogados de Lima: "Orabunt causas melius" (VIRGILIO, Eneida, canto VI, verso 849) y propone una relectura moderna conforme las exigencias actuales de la abogacía.

The Rubber Bands Are Broken; Opening The ‘Punctualized’ European Administration Of Justice, Paul Van Den Hoven

Paul van den Hoven

In this paper the speculative thesis is explored that in our era of digital connectivity, the remarkable capacity of a legal institution to absorb a huge amount of social dynamics as if it is a priori already present in a closed, ‘punctualized’ institution , leads to a serious loss of public legitimacy. The main argument is that such response to alternative, ‘rich’ narratives isolates the institution in an era in which digital technology creates actants that make such isolation untenable.

"The United Nations Judicial Tribunals As Tools For Managerial Accountability", Tamara A. Shockley

Tamara A. Shockley

The United Nations General Assembly reaffirmed its commitment to strengthening managerial accountability in the United Nations. One of the essential components of accountability was the importance of managerial compliance with the Charter of the United Nations, General Assembly resolutions, and the UN Staff Regulations and Rules. As the General Assembly and staff members of the UN demand greater transparency in organizational decision-making, a new managerial tool for accountability has emerged in the UN in the form of UN Judicial Tribunals. The emerging jurisprudence from the UN Judicial Tribunals affects how a United Nations manager will make decisions concerning the legal …

Unanswered Questions Of A Minority People In International Law: A Comparative Study Between Southern Cameroons & South Sudan, Bernard Sama Mr

Bernard Sama

The month July of 2011 marked the birth of another nation in the World. The distressful journey of a minority people under the watchful eyes of the international community finally paid off with a new nation called the South Sudan . As I watched the South Sudanese celebrate independence on 9 July 2011, I was filled with joy as though they have finally landed. On a promising note, I read the UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon saying “[t]ogether, we welcome the Republic of South Sudan to the community of nations. Together, we affirm our commitment to helping it meet its …

Direito Ao Aborto E Direito À Vida: As Perguntas E Repostas Que Importam, Rafael Mafei Rabelo Queiroz

Rafael Mafei Rabelo Queiroz

O artigo traz uma apreciação filosófica organizada de alguns pontos centrais do debate relativo à ampliação do direito ao aborto. Ao organizar os principais argumentos sobre o tema, tendo por base trabalhos de filósofos da moral e do direito que nas últimas décadas dedicaram-se a ele, o artigo pretende não só ampliar a capacidade analítica sobre o assunto, como também refinar a capacidade de deliberação consistente a seu respeito. Nesse sentido, aproveita a todos aqueles que tenham de argumentar em torno de decisões práticas relativas ao aborto e os direitos a ele relacionados. A primeira parte do artigo cuida dos …

The Central American Constitutional Identity. A Study Of The Constitutional Imitation Phenomenon In The Integration Process Of The Region, Prof. Michele Carducci

Michele Carducci Prof.

No abstract provided.

Is “Transnational” Constitutional Law Possible?, Prof. Michele Carducci

Michele Carducci Prof.

No abstract provided.

A Theory Of The Perverse Verdict, Bethel G.A Erastus-Obilo

Bethel G.A Erastus-Obilo

The concept of a perverse verdict is one that pervades the Criminal justice system of nearly all common law jurisdictions. The English Criminal Justice system is no exception and the concept has become institutionalised as if it were a true occurrence. This paper challenges the idea and argues that it is, technically, a legal non-event given the system of trial by jury. The theory is that besides the jury, no one else is invested with the power and authority to declare a verdict and this position is supported both by legal custom and the mechanism of the criminal justice system. …

Curtains, Bethel G.A Erastus-Obilo

Bethel G.A Erastus-Obilo

This is the story of life in all its glory and eternal ramifications. This is the story of us.

I Wept, Bethel G.A Erastus-Obilo

Bethel G.A Erastus-Obilo

It is not always what we expect to find in love but sometimes, we look in the worng places. We fail to notice that what we always wanted and sought was always in front of us.

Vanity Of Vanities, Bethel G.A Erastus-Obilo

Bethel G.A Erastus-Obilo

All that we see and all that we do are emptied into the eternal abyss of nothingness and vain glory. All the we have and all own us are intertwined in the great deception of man. Vanity of vanities, says the preacher, all is vanity

A Criminal Moment In Time, Bethel G.A Erastus-Obilo

Bethel G.A Erastus-Obilo

Criminal law jurisprudence considers the concepts of motive, intent and the forbidden act integral to the justice process. Throughout the common law jurisdictions, this trio overshadows a central theme that is a precursor to all criminal acts – the idea of a social responsibility continuum or cognitive dependency. While motive is dispositional on a wider application, intent is situational and is a product of one’s socio-cultural experience. The forbidden act, though central to the process, constitutes ‘a faithful mirror of thought’ – the consummation of a deliberate and manipulated cognition. The nexus between the three subjects extends beyond the Cartesan …

Jury Deliberations – How Do Reasoning Skills Interplay With Decision-Making?, Bethel G.A Erastus-Obilo

Bethel G.A Erastus-Obilo

We may well wonder how the Casey Anthony reached its verdict in spite of what many of us thought was a raft of compelling evidence. In order to understand some of the nuances at play, it is important to understand some of the issues that confront a jury and how the criminal justice system ensures or attempts to ensure a fair outcome in our trial by jury system

Jury Continuum, Bethel G.A Erastus-Obilo

Bethel G.A Erastus-Obilo

Jury deliberations – how do reasoning skills interplay with decision-making?We may well wonder how the Casey Anthony jury reached its verdict in spite of what many of us thought was a raft of compelling evidence for conviction. In order to understand some of the nuances at play, it is important to understand some of the issues that confront a jury and how the criminal justice system ensures or attempts to ensure a fair outcome in our trial by jury system. At the risk of stating the obvious, one of the most enduring features of our criminal justice system is the …

Political And Legal Regulation Of Local Authorities’ Handling Of The Petitioners In Beijing(进京接访的政法调控), Meng Hou

Hou Meng

No abstract provided.

The Mentality And Expression Of The Petitioners In Supreme Court(最高法院访民的心态与表达), Meng Hou

Hou Meng

No abstract provided.

Social Contract Theory Of John Locke (1932-1704) In The Contemporary World, Daudi Mwita Nyamaka Mr.

Daudi Mwita Nyamaka Mr.

The 17th century period was marked by an attempt to erect effective safeguard against violations of natural law by governments. Law in this period was conceptualized as an instrument for the prevention of autocracy and despotism. Absolutism in Europe that was associated with governmental encroachments necessitated a strong shield of individual liberty. In this period legal theory placed the main emphasis on liberty, thus the law was to render governments capable of functioning as a guarantor of individual rights. This paper aims at examining the social contract theory of the 17th-century English philosopher, John Locke, its parameters, limitations and its …

The Books And The Gavel: Law's Image And The Theory Of American Sublime, Pier Giuseppe Monateri

Pier Giuseppe Monateri

No abstract provided.

El Derecho De Sucesiones Se Debe Atemperar A Los Cambios De La Sociedad Del Siglo Xxi, Edward Ivan Cueva

Edward Ivan Cueva

No abstract provided.

Democratic Centralism Under Tradition Of Politics And Law(政法传统中的民主集中制), Meng Hou

Hou Meng

No abstract provided.

Disasters, Relief, And Neglect: The Duty To Accept Humanitarian Assistance And The Work Of The International Law Commission, J.Benton Heath

J.Benton Heath

In the wake of several large-scale natural disasters, such as the 2008 cyclone in Myanmar, some scholars and diplomats have argued that states should be under a duty to accept humanitarian assistance. This paper discusses the circumstances under which states should be required to admit foreign or international aid. I first develop a principled framework based in existing human rights law, while arguing against efforts to expand the "responsibility to protect" to cover natural and technological disasters. Then the paper surveys previous efforts to articulate the duty of states to accept humanitarian aid, and analyzes these provisions in terms of …

Beyond Common Sense: A Social Psychological Study Of Iqbal's Effect On Claims Of Race Discrimination, Victor D. Quintanilla

Victor D. Quintanilla

This article examines the U.S. Supreme Court’s decision Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 129 S. Ct. 1937 (2009) from a social psychological perspective, and empirically studies Iqbal’s effect on claims of race discrimination.

In Twombly and then Iqbal, the Court recast Rule 8 from a notice-based rule into a plausibility standard. Under Iqbal, federal judges must evaluate whether each complaint contains sufficient factual matter “to state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face.” When doing so, Iqbal requires judges to draw on their “judicial experience and common sense.” Courts apply Iqbal at the pleading stage, before evidence has been …

Understanding California Nonclaim Statutes And Statutes Of Limitations, Steven J. Andre

Steven J. Andre

Article explores problems involving limitations upon when suits may be brought to pursue claims against estates in California.

Paul And The Origins Of Christianity, Steven J. Andre

Steven J. Andre

The article studies the tremendously influential effect of one individual upon the origins of the Christian religion. It is an exploration of the origins of Paul’s thinking and his role in the development of the early church. It considers Paul’s unique background and why that provided him special access to audiences and means to spread his message. It traces Paul’s interactions with the Nazorean sect and the philosophical and political sources that served to produce a new religion premised upon Judaic and mystical concepts made palatable to a Gentile audience by Paul’s special innovations. In addition, it discusses the scholarly …

Heidegger And The Essence Of Adjudication, George Souri

George Souri

This paper presents an account of adjudication based on the philosophy of Martin Heidegger. As this paper argues, we can only hope to better understand adjudication if we recognize that adjudication is a socio-temporally situated activity, and not a theoretical object. Heidegger’s philosophical insights are especially salient to such a project for several reasons. First, Heidegger’s re-conception of ontology, and his notion of being-in-the-world, provide a truer-to-observation account of how human beings come to understand their world and take in the content of experience towards completing projects. Second, Heidegger’s account of context, inter-subjectivity, and common understanding provide a basis upon …

Collective Choice, Justin Schwartz

Justin Schwartz

This short nontechnical article reviews the Arrow Impossibility Theorem and its implications for rational democratic decisionmaking. In the 1950s, economist Kenneth J. Arrow proved that no method for producing a unique social choice involving at least three choices and three actors could satisfy four seemingly obvious constraints that are practically constitutive of democratic decisionmaking. Any such method must violate such a constraint and risks leading to disturbingly irrational results such and Condorcet cycling. I explain the theorem in plain, nonmathematical language, and discuss the history, range, and prospects of avoiding what seems like a fundamental theoretical challenge to the possibility …

The Rule Of Law In Global Governance: Its Normative Construction, Function And Import, Gianluigi Palombella

Gianluigi Palombella

What does the Rule of law contribute in the frame of global governance? While addressing metamorphoses of law and the multiple legalities in the global context, this paper shows that the rule of law can consistently be extended externally being cherished internally. It takes seriously the concurrence of different legalities in their diverse ‘formats’, and the challenge of the “global administrative law” theoretical and empirical model. At the meta-level of the relations among legalities, the Rule of law has an essential role to play: it affects interactions and interdependence,and can cause content-dependent assessments to develop, without supporting self-closure or monistic …