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Full-Text Articles in International Trade Law
Treaty Of Amity, Commerce, And Navigation Between Brazil And The U.S., Prof. Dr. Attila S.L. Andrade Jr.
Treaty Of Amity, Commerce, And Navigation Between Brazil And The U.S., Prof. Dr. Attila S.L. Andrade Jr.
University of Miami Inter-American Law Review
This Article deals with the analytical history of the Treaty of Amity, Commerce and Navigation between the U.S. and Brazil. In the first part of the Article, the author analyzed all the provisions of the Treaty entered into between the two countries on December 12, 1828. The second part examined the historical causes for the early termination of the Treaty, 13 years after its execution. It suggests and evidences that the historical cause lies in a political factor, that is, the conflicts between a Republican form of government and the Brazilian Imperial political system. The third and final part of …
A Quest For Consistency: The Meaning Of 'Direct' In The Foreign Trade Antitrust Improvements Act, Richard Lobas
A Quest For Consistency: The Meaning Of 'Direct' In The Foreign Trade Antitrust Improvements Act, Richard Lobas
Global Business Law Review
This note argues that the United States courts need to apply a more consistent interpretation of the meaning of "direct" within the context of the Foreign Trade Antitrust Improvements Act (FTAIA). The FTAIA serves to apply U.S. antitrust law, specifically the Sherman Act, to trade or commerce with foreign nations. One scenario in which this law may be applied is when trade or commerce with a foreign nation has a "direct, substantial, and reasonably foreseeable" effect on domestic commerce. However, courts purport to apply different standards to determine whether an effect is direct, leading to confusion and inconsistency. Contributing to …