International Law Commons^™

International Fisheries Management: A Comparative Analysis Of Legal Approaches To Management In The Context Of Polar Fisheries Regimes, Stuart Bruce Kaye

PhD Dissertations

This thesis examines the management of marine living resources in international law. The thesis considers the development of the two principal approaches to fisheries management. The first approach is based upon maximising the yield of particular stocks, and is reflected in the content of the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. It has evolved out of fisheries management theory developed since the 1950s, and focuses upon extracting the maximum harvest of a particular stock while still permitting that stock's biological regeneration. The second approach uses the precautionary principle, and may include management directed at the entire …

Grenztiberschreitendes (Internationales) Insolvenzrecht Dervereinigten Staaten Von Amerika Und Der Bundesrepublik Deutschland (Cross-Border Bankruptcy Law Of The United States And Germany), By Edgar J. Habscheid, Hannah Buxbaum

Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies

No abstract provided.

Pinochet And International Human Rights Litigation, Curtis A. Bradley, Jack L. Goldsmith

Michigan Law Review

The British House of Lords recently considered whether Augusto Pinochet was subject to arrest and possible extradition to Spain for alleged acts of torture and other egregious conduct carried out during his reign as Chile's head of state. The Law Lords held that a large majority of the charges against Pinochet were not proper grounds for extradition under British law. They also held, however, that Pinochet could potentially be extradited for alleged acts of torture committed after Britain's 1988 ratifica· tion of the Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment. In reaching this latter conclusion, …

Closing The Un Decade Of International Law And Welcoming The Third Millennium, Sompong Sucharitkul

The Sompong Sucharitkul Center for Advanced International Legal Studies

A quick look at legal developments before the closing of the United Nations Decade in the four areas specified in the General Assembly Resolution 44/23 will provide a rough and ready reference reflecting a brief survey of progressive developments, challenges'and obstacles which have transpired from the beginning to nearly the end of the Decade of International Law.

2001: A Global Odyssey Prompted By The Merritt-Cihon Upper Level Curriculum Report Of The Aals, Kenneth M. Casebeer

University of Miami Inter-American Law Review

No abstract provided.

Case Update: German Compuserve Director Acquitted On Appeal, Lothar Determann

UC Law SF International Law Review

This update to an earlier article by Dr. Determann reviews the recent acquittal of Felix Somm. The article discusses the case against the backdrop of German internet law. This update also discusses a new European Community directive aimed at regulating electronic commerce.

Minority Protections And Bilateral Agreements: An Effective Mechanism, Elizabeth F. Defeis

UC Law SF International Law Review

Following the breakup of the former Soviet Union and Yugoslavia, attention focused on developing international norms, agreements and regimes for effective minority protection. Under the auspices of United Nations and regional organizations, multilateral and bilateral treaties and declarations have been adopted. These documents recognize that diverse initiatives are necessary to reduce ethnic conflict and encourage States to implement appropriate initiatives. Reliance upon bilateral agreements is particularly encouraged in those situations involving protection of minorities in a situation where ethnic minorities reside in States adjacent to or near their country of nationality as a result of change of boarders or the …

Noncompete Covenants In Japanese Employment Contracts: Recent Developments, Miwako Ogawa

UC Law SF International Law Review

Like employers in the United States, employers in Japan seek to prevent their former employees from competing with them by using noncompete covenants. As Japan's work force and employment system become more diverse, individualized and laterally mobile, noncompete provisions are appearing before the Japanese courts with increasing frequency.

The Japanese courts' approach to noncompete clauses is to scrutinize their "reasonableness" by balancing the competing interests of the employer in protecting its business goals and the employee in preserving his right to freedom of occupation. However, the notion of "reasonableness" has been elusive, causing the Japanese courts to struggle with application …

We've Only Just Begun: The Law Of Sexual Harassment In Japan, Ryuichi Yamakawa

UC Law SF International Law Review

Discussions about sexual harassment in Japan first began a decade ago. However, Japan's Equal Employment Opportunity Law did not directly address sexual harassment until it was amended in 1997. Instead, Japanese courts responded with a jurisprudence that has distinctive characteristics regarding the nature of liability for sexual harassment. First, Japanese courts created a doctrine that sexual harassment constitutes a tort because it infringes on women's "personal rights" or on her rights to the dignity of her personality regarding sexuality. Second, Japanese courts held employers liable for sexual harassment by supervisory employees of subordinates. The 1997 amendment to the Equal Employment …

Prospects For Local Competition In Telecommunications: A Comparison Of The Chilean And American Approaches To Regulatory Reform, Melissa Sampson Mcmorrow

UC Law SF International Law Review

For decades, most nations provided telecommunications services through regulated monopolies or by stale-owned entities. Many nations, including Latin American countries, provided such services through state-owned industries for various reasons. Technological advancements and regulatory reform have dismantled the old guard systems and have ushered in a new era in telecommunications. Latin American countries are going through a dual process of privatization and liberalization. Chile led the region in this effort in the late 1970s. Chile also led the world in creating a competitive market for telecommunications. Its legal framework has opened all markets-long distance, advanced, and local-to competition to varying extents. …

Global Trade And The New Millennium: Defining The Scope Of Intellectual Property Protection Of Plant Genetic Resources And Traditional Knowledge In India, Meetali Jain

UC Law SF International Law Review

As a signatory to the global Trade-Related Intellectual Property Rights treaty (TRIPS), India is obligated to develop national legislation that conforms to the international standards of intellectual property rights protection by January 1, 2000. India now faces the option of either acceding to the requirements of TRIPS or accepting various penalties, including sanctions, from the international community.

This Note focuses on the protection of one type of property, namely plant genetic resources. The case of India provides fertile ground for an examination of the clash between notions of global intellectual property rights and notions of national and local sovereignty over …

The Extraterritorial Reach Of The U.S. Government's Campaign Against International Bribery, H. Lowell Brown

UC Law SF International Law Review

Recent initiatives by the Securities Exchange Commission, acting under the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA), and by the Organization of American States and the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development have highlighted efforts to "level the playing field" of international commerce through the prohibition of government bribery. For U.S. companies, these developments are generally positive. However, foreign entities in which U.S. companies have an interest may now find themselves subject to criminal and civil liability for commercial practices which were formerly beyond the reach of the FCPA and tolerated in their own countries. Accordingly, for U.S. companies doing business internationally …

The Common Law In South Africa: Pro Apartheid Or Pro Democracy, Jeremy Sarkin

UC Law SF International Law Review

The role of the common law in South Africa has been controversial. Some argue that South Africa's common law, inherited from Roman-Dutch and English law, has a problematic colonial tradition that has done little to protect justice and equality. Others argue that if not for parliamentary security legislation, South Africa's common law could have protected rights and freedoms.

This article examines several apartheid-era cases in which the common law protection of individual rights was at stake to determine whether the common law was human rights friendly, or if it was compatible with the constitutional dispensation of human rights abuses. It …

The Joint-Stock Cooperative Enterprise: A New Independent Legal Entity In China, Minkang Gu

UC Law SF International Law Review

The joint stock cooperative enterprise (JSCE) is a new form of enterprise organization in China that is particularly well suited to Chinese ideological and economic characteristics. The JSCE utilizes certain features of a shareholding system, which can be independent from the government and have clearly defined property and ownership rights-basic elements routinely assumed in the corporate law of western countries, but still new in a country constitutionally committed to Marxist-Leninist principles.

This article introduces the concept and legal nature of the JSCE. It analyzes the concept of a legal person and the distinctions between the JSCE and other business forms, …

Disabled Meanings: A Comparison Of The Definitions Of Disability In The British Disability Discrimination Act Of 1995 And The Americans With Disabilities Act Of 1990, Nick Wenbourne

UC Law SF International Law Review

The British Disability Discrimination Act (DDA) marks an important turning point in the history of disability civil rights in Great Britain. The DDA was the first legislation in Europe to specifically acknowledge that disabled people suffer from discrimination in a number of fields and public services including employment, education and transportation. However, people across the political spectrum have criticized the DDA.

This note compares the DDA with its United States counterpart, the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), which is widely regarded as the most comprehensive and radical legislation of its kind in the world. This note pays particular attention to …

The Quest For Justice And Reconciliation: The International Criminal Tribunal For Rwanda And The Ethiopian High Court, Yacob Haile-Mariam

UC Law SF International Law Review

About fifty years have gone by since international humanitarian law was first applied to the proseculion and punishment of war criminals. Just a few years ago, the international humanitarian law most law students learned about was couched within public international law, often studied without any serious intention of ever applying it. Recent prosecutions of war criminals in former Yugoslavia, the presence of genocide suspects in Rwanda and the impending establishment of the Permanent International Criminal Tribunal by the United Nations have revived interest in international humanitarian law, with particular interest in genocide and crimes against humanity.

This article compares the …

Population. Environment. And Development: The Changing Paradigm Of The 1990s, Sharmini Abbasi

LLM Theses and Essays

Among the vast web of challenges before us in the wake of the new millennium population growth is one of the most worrying aspects of human existence. The consequences of the world's rapid population growth on human well-being and on the environment have been the subject of intense controversy for many years and got even more accentuated as the 1990s progress. However, the framework of international environmental law and agreement has for long failed to consider adequately the clear linkages between rapid population growth and environmental degradation. Thus, the study attempts to discuss and analyze competing for international perspectives, theories, …

Prosecution Of Corporations For Manslaughter: Towards A New Offense Of "Corporate Killing" In The United Kingdom, Mark Franklin

University of Miami International and Comparative Law Review

No abstract provided.

A Review Of Basic Concepts Of Criminal Law By George P. Fletcher, Stephen M. Zaloom

University of Miami International and Comparative Law Review

No abstract provided.

As I Was Saying....A Selection Of Lectures And Informal Talks On Law And Universities And The Communities That Usually Tolerate And Sometimes Support Them, William Burnett Harvey

Historic Documents

A 349 page collection of talks and recollections compiled by former Indiana University School of Law Dean, William Burnett Harvey. The collection is broken down into four parts: Reflections on the Rule of Law, The African Experience, Reflections on Education, Universities and Law, and Miscellaneous Musings.

Two appendixes are included. The first is a bibliography, and the second is two narrative accounts of Harvey's time in Ghana and his final years at Indiana University during the turbulent 1960s.

Fifty Years Of Disability Law: The Relevance Of The Universal Declaration, Charles D. Siegal

ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law

This discussion is about the relevance of the Universal Declaration to disability rights law. There has been a good deal of discussion historically about the status of the Declaration.

The Importance Of The Universal Declaration Of Human Rights In The Past And Future Of The United Nation's Human Rights Efforts, Elsa Stamatopoulou

ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law

After fifty years since the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights [hereinafter UDHR] it is legitimate to ask whether the UDHR is at the root of all the positive international action in the last five decades.

The Legacy Of The Universal Declaration Of Human Rights, Anne F. Bayefsky

ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights embodies three essential features: (1) it articulated shared, universal values; (2) it identified and strengthened the significance of the individual as a subject of international law, and (3) it declared and emphasized the responsibilities of states to- wards individuals.

Administered Versus Non-Administered Arbitration, Peter H. Kaskell

ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law

CPR is a Not-For-Profit membership organization with a staff of modest size and panels of arbitrators and mediators second to none.

So Your Client Wants To Engage In Deep Seabed Mining, Houston Putnam Lowry

ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law

An excited client calls their corporate attorney, claiming to have solved the technical problems associated with the mining of manganese nodules on the seabed beyond national boundaries, commonly called the "area."

From Seneca Falls To The Fiftieth Anniversary Of The Universal Declaration Of Human Rights-Gauging The Campaign For The Human Rights Of Women, Jessica Neuwirth

ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law

This year marks the 150th anniversary of the Declaration of Sentiments, a declaration of women's rights adopted in Seneca Falls at a meeting which inaugurated the women's suffrage movement in the United States.

Women And The International Monetary Fund, Jane Lee Saber

ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law

Madam chair, distinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen: It is my privilege to be here today, to discuss the progress that the world has made in ensuring the rectification of facts presented at Seneca, some 150 years ago.

Lessons From The Akayesu Judgement, Jose E. Alvarez

ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law

The judgment issued on September 2, 1998 by the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (hereinafter ICTR) finding Jean-Paul Akayesu guilty on various charges of genocide and crimes against humanity is likely to please those who have long struggled for the progressive development and effective enforcement of international criminal law.

The Future Of World Peace And Outer Space, Edward R. Finch

ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law

Space debris is both natural and man made

Teaching International Law: Views From An International Relations Political Scientist, Christopher C. Joyner

ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law

Contrary to common belief, international law is real and relevant to many professors of political science.'