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Articles 1 - 30 of 60
Full-Text Articles in Intellectual Property Law
Extending Copyright Protection To Combat Free-Riding By Digital News Aggregators And Online Search Engines, Nancy Whitmore
Extending Copyright Protection To Combat Free-Riding By Digital News Aggregators And Online Search Engines, Nancy Whitmore
Nancy J. Whitmore
No abstract provided.
Fetishizing Copies, Jessica Litman
Fetishizing Copies, Jessica Litman
Jessica Litman
We have copyright laws to encourage authors to create new works and communicate them to the public, because we hope that people will read the books, listen to the music, see the art, watch the films, run the software, and build and inhabit the buildings. That is the way that copyright promotes the Progress of Science. Recently, that not-very-controversial principle has collided with copyright owners’ conviction that they should be able to control, or at least collect royalties from, all uses of their works. A particularly ill-considered manifestation of this conviction is what I have decided to call copy-fetish. This …
Campbell At 21/Sony At 31, Jessica Litman
Campbell At 21/Sony At 31, Jessica Litman
Jessica Litman
When copyright lawyers gather to discuss fair use, the most common refrain is its alarming expansion. Their distress about fair use’s enlarged footprint seems completely untethered from any appreciation of the remarkable increase in exclusive copyright rights. In the nearly 40 years since Congress enacted the 1976 copyright act, the rights of copyright owners have expanded markedly. Copyright owners’ demands for further expansion continue unabated. Meanwhile, they raise strident objections to proposals to add new privileges and exceptions to the statute to shelter non-infringing uses that might be implicated by their expanded rights. Copyright owners have used the resulting uncertainty …
Transformative Teaching And Educational Fair Use After Georgia State, Brandon C. Butler
Transformative Teaching And Educational Fair Use After Georgia State, Brandon C. Butler
Brandon C. Butler
The Supreme Court has said that copyright’s fair use doctrine is a “First Amendment safety valve” because it ensures that certain crucial cultural activities are not unduly burdened by copyright. While many such activities (criticism, commentary, parody) have benefited from the courts’ increased attention to first amendment values, one such activity, education, has been mired for years in a minimalist, market-based vision of fair use that is largely out of touch with mainstream fair use jurisprudence. The latest installment in the history of educational fair use, the 11th Circuit’s opinion in the Georgia State e-reserves case, may be the last …
Copyright Porn Trolls, Wasting Taxi Medallions, And The Propriety Of ‘Property’, Tom W. Bell
Copyright Porn Trolls, Wasting Taxi Medallions, And The Propriety Of ‘Property’, Tom W. Bell
Tom W. Bell
What happens when the government creates privileges that have powers rivaling those that the common law accords to property? Recent events in two seemingly unrelated areas suggest a troubling answer to that question. First, in copyright, porn trolls have sued thousands of John Does for allegedly participating in illegal file sharing. These suits evidently seek not judicial vindication but merely the defendants' identities, which the plaintiffs then use to reap settlement payments from guilty and innocent alike. Second, taxi drivers in cities across the world have launched legal, political, and physical attacks against Uber and other networked transportation services, accusing …
The Google Art Project: An Analysis From A Legal And Social Perspective On Copyright Implications, Katrina Wu
The Google Art Project: An Analysis From A Legal And Social Perspective On Copyright Implications, Katrina Wu
Katrina Wu
The Google Art Project is an ambitious attempt by Google to curate worldwide artwork online in the highest resolution possible. Google accomplishes this by partnering with museums where museums provide access to art collections and Google provides the technology to capture high quality images. Under this existing model, Google places the burden of copyright clearances on museums and removes images from online if requested by copyright owners. An endeavor like the Google Art Project is not unprecedented however, when Google attempted to put the world’s books online under the Google Books Project, scanning millions of titles and offering snippets for …
Reforming Copyright Interpretation, Zahr K. Said
Reforming Copyright Interpretation, Zahr K. Said
Zahr K Said
This Article argues that copyright law needs to acknowledge and reform its interpretive choice regime. Even though judges face potentially outcome-determinative choices among competing sources of interpretive authority when they adjudicate copyrightable works, their selection of interpretive methods has been almost entirely overlooked by scholars and judges alike. This selection among competing interpretive methods demands that judges choose where to locate their own authority: in the work itself; in the context around the work, including its reception, or in the author’s intentions; in expert opinions; or in judicial intuition. Copyright’s interpretive choice regime controls questions of major importance for the …
The Next Great Youtube: Improving Content Id To Foster Creativity, Cooperation, And Fair Compensation, Benjamin Boroughf
The Next Great Youtube: Improving Content Id To Foster Creativity, Cooperation, And Fair Compensation, Benjamin Boroughf
Benjamin Boroughf
YouTube prides itself on its automatic copyright detection and filtering program known as Content ID because it goes beyond YouTube’s legal responsibilities under the Digital Millennium Copyright Act and because it allows copyright holders to control and profit from their content. However, Content ID is not the technological paragon YouTube and some scholars see it as. By relying on a system that automatically matches, blocks, and monetizes videos that allegedly contain any amount of infringing content, both YouTube and copyright holders have promoted a system that opposes the Copyright Act and YouTube’s goals of promoting creativity and protecting fair use. …
Ip Law Book Review: Configuring The Networked Self: Law, Code, And The Play Of Every Day Practice, Frank Pasquale
Ip Law Book Review: Configuring The Networked Self: Law, Code, And The Play Of Every Day Practice, Frank Pasquale
Frank A. Pasquale
Julie Cohen's Configuring the Networked Self is an extraordinarily insightful book. Cohen not only applies extant theory to law; she also distills it into her own distinctive social theory of the information age. Thus, even relatively short sections of chapters of her book often merit article-length close readings. I here offer a brief for the practical importance of Cohen’s theory, and ways it should influence intellectual property policy and scholarship.
Dissolving Innovation In Meltwater: A Misguided Paradigm For Online Search, Bill D. Herman
Dissolving Innovation In Meltwater: A Misguided Paradigm For Online Search, Bill D. Herman
Bill D. Herman
With the exponential increases in online information, internet search engines have helped fill a substantial and growing need for the capacity to sort through and manage data. News outlets in general and newspapers in particular are among the most socially important sources of online content being indexed, and these outlets are faring rather poorly in the internet economy. Both of these sectors are thus in a precarious, potentially conflicted relationship, with copyright law serving as the primary legal basis for mediating the relationship. A 2013 decision, Associated Press v. Meltwater, is one recent attempt to mediate this relationship. In …
Reconciling Original With Secondary Creation: The Subtle Incentive Theory Of Copyright Licensing, Yafit Lev-Aretz
Reconciling Original With Secondary Creation: The Subtle Incentive Theory Of Copyright Licensing, Yafit Lev-Aretz
Yafit Lev-Aretz
Copyright literature has been long familiar with the lack of licensing choices in various creative markets. In the absence of a lawful licensing alternatives, consumers of works as well as secondary creators wishing to use protected elements of preexisting works are often left with no choice but to either infringe on the copyright of the rightholder or refrain from the use. As further creation is regularly impeded, the dearth of licensing greatly conflicts with the utilitarian foundation of copyright and its constitutional goal to promote creative progress. Legal scholarship has submitted various recommendations in response to the licensing failure, homing …
Copyright And Inequality, Lea Shaver
Copyright And Inequality, Lea Shaver
Lea Shaver
The prevailing theory of copyright law imagines a marketplace efficiently serving up new works to an undifferentiated world of consumers. Yet the reality is that all consumers are not equal. The majority of the world’s people experience copyright law not as a boon to consumer choice, but as a barrier to acquiring knowledge and taking part in cultural life. The resulting patterns of privilege and disadvantage, moreover, reinforce and perpetuate preexisting social divides. Class and culture combine to explain who wins, and who loses, from copyright protection. Along the dimension of class, the insight is that just because new works …
Aereo's Errors, Ira Steven Nathenson
Aereo's Errors, Ira Steven Nathenson
Ira Steven Nathenson
This article scrutinizes the many troubling errors made by the United States Supreme Court in its decision in American Broadcasting Companies, Inc. v. Aereo, Inc. Aereo’s streaming television service allowed subscribers to watch broadcast television on a computer, tablet, or smartphone without requiring them to be directly connected to cable, satellite, or a local antenna. Aereo’s system was designed to comply with existing copyright law by using thousands of antennas, each of which was designated for only one subscriber at a time. Aereo was sued for copyright infringement by a number of leading television broadcasters. The United States Supreme Court, …
Defending Cyberproperty, Patricia L. Bellia
Defending Cyberproperty, Patricia L. Bellia
Patricia L. Bellia
This Article explores how the law should treat legal claims by owners of Internet-connected computer systems to enjoin unwanted uses of their systems. Over the last few years, this question has become increasingly urgent and controversial, as system owners have sought protection from unsolicited commercial e-mail and from robots that extract data from Web servers for competitive purposes. In the late 1990s and early 2000s, courts utilizing a wide range of legal doctrines upheld claims by network resource owners to prevent unwanted access to their computer networks. The vast weight of legal scholarship has voiced strong opposition to these cyberproperty …
Migración A La Nube: ¿Está Segura Nuestra Información?, Rodolfo C. Rivas Rea Esq., Marco A. Vargas Iñiguez Esq.
Migración A La Nube: ¿Está Segura Nuestra Información?, Rodolfo C. Rivas Rea Esq., Marco A. Vargas Iñiguez Esq.
Rodolfo C. Rivas
The authors discuss the benefits and risks of moving your business data to the cloud through case studies and offer practical tips to protect business confidential information stored in the cloud. //////////////////////// Los autores estudian los beneficios y los riesgos de almacenar datos e información en la nube a través de casos de estudio y ofrecen consejos prácticos para proteger la información comercial confidencial almacenada en la nube.
Rediscovering Cumulative Creativity From The Oral Formulaic Tradition To Digital Remix: Can I Get A Witness?, Giancarlo Francesco Frosio
Rediscovering Cumulative Creativity From The Oral Formulaic Tradition To Digital Remix: Can I Get A Witness?, Giancarlo Francesco Frosio
Giancarlo Francesco Frosio
For most of human history the essential nature of creativity was understood to be cumulative and collective. This notion has been largely forgotten by modern policies regulating creativity and speech. As hard as it may be to believe, the most valuable components of our immortal culture were created under a fully open regime with regard to access to pre-existing expressions and reuse. From the Platonic mimēsis to the Roman imitatio, from Macrobius’ Saturnalia to the imitatio Vergili, from medieval auctoritas and Chaucer the compilator to Anon the singer and social textuality, from Chrétien’s art of rewriting to Shakespeare’s “borrowed feathers,” …
Digital Piracy Debunked: A Short Note, Giancarlo Francesco Frosio
Digital Piracy Debunked: A Short Note, Giancarlo Francesco Frosio
Giancarlo Francesco Frosio
In the last two decades, the industry has endlessly deployed the rhetoric of the “digital threat” in order to demand harsher measures against digital piracy, peer-to-peer file sharing and the like. In fact, the uneasiness in sharing the view that harsher measures are an adequate response to copyright infringement in the digital environment comes from the uncertain grounds on which the heavy-handed reaction against digital piracy has been based. Two related arguments might run against this heavy-handed approach. First, market conditions might incentivize piracy. Additionally, there are raising doubts over the argument that piracy is a threat to creativity, especially …
Copyright Futures In The Digital Humanities, Laura Quilter
Copyright Futures In The Digital Humanities, Laura Quilter
Laura Quilter
Digital humanities work raises questions around digitization, search, and non-consumptive uses of texts, as well as distribution and access. But traditional humanities work is also confronting copyright questions, simply in terms of publishing, using, and accessing humanities research. This discussion, facilitated by Laura Quilter, UMass Copyright and Information Policy Librarian, will address the issues raised in copyright litigation, particularly the Authors Guild v. HathiTrust case and the "digital humanities" amicus brief, and consider the possible Open Access future presented by the Open Library of Humanities and other initiatives.
Copyright And Fair Use In Higher Education, Laura Quilter
Copyright And Fair Use In Higher Education, Laura Quilter
Laura Quilter
No abstract provided.
Copyright And Fair Use In Higher Education, Laura Quilter
Copyright And Fair Use In Higher Education, Laura Quilter
Laura Quilter
No abstract provided.
Super-Intermediaries, Code, Human Rights, Ira Nathenson
Super-Intermediaries, Code, Human Rights, Ira Nathenson
Ira Steven Nathenson
We live in an age of intermediated network communications. Although the internet includes many intermediaries, some stand heads and shoulders above the rest. This article examines some of the responsibilities of “Super-Intermediaries” such as YouTube, Twitter, and Facebook, intermediaries that have tremendous power over their users’ human rights. After considering the controversy arising from the incendiary YouTube video Innocence of Muslims, the article suggests that Super-Intermediaries face a difficult and likely impossible mission of fully servicing the broad tapestry of human rights contained in the International Bill of Human Rights. The article further considers how intermediary content-control procedures focus too …
La Industria Del Libro 3.0 Y J.K. Rowling, Rodolfo C. Rivas Rea Esq., Maria Alejandra Lopez Garcia Esq.
La Industria Del Libro 3.0 Y J.K. Rowling, Rodolfo C. Rivas Rea Esq., Maria Alejandra Lopez Garcia Esq.
Rodolfo C. Rivas
The authors provide a brief overview of what could be called the 3.0 version of the book industry. Under the 3.0 book industry, the author’s role in exploiting their creations has to embrace new and creative business models, which may often come into conflict with publisher’s old business models. In the article, the authors take a look at the innovative business models implemented by J.K. Rowling, Stephen King, Radiohead and Frank Ocean amongst others. ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// Los autores proporcionan una breve descripción de lo que podría llamarse la versión 3.0 de la industria del libro. En la industria del libro 3.0, …
Cambio De Perspectiva: El Nuevo Papel De Los Creadores En El Entorno Digital, Rodolfo C. Rivas Rea Esq., Maria Alejandra Lopez Garcia Esq.
Cambio De Perspectiva: El Nuevo Papel De Los Creadores En El Entorno Digital, Rodolfo C. Rivas Rea Esq., Maria Alejandra Lopez Garcia Esq.
Rodolfo C. Rivas
The authors provide a brief overview of the author’s role in exploiting their creations and how new technologies have made authors and publishers explore new business models. In the article, the authors take a look at the innovative business models implemented by J.K. Rowling, Stephen King, Radiohead and Frank Ocean amongst others./////////////////////////////////////////////////// Los autores proporcionan una breve descripción de la función del autor en la explotación de sus creaciones y cómo las nuevas tecnologías han obligado a los autores y editores explorar nuevos modelos de negocio. En el artículo, los autores echan un vistazo a los modelos de negocio innovadores …
Changing Places: A New Role For Creators In The Digital World, Rodolfo C. Rivas Rea Esq., Maria Alejandra Lopez Garcia Esq.
Changing Places: A New Role For Creators In The Digital World, Rodolfo C. Rivas Rea Esq., Maria Alejandra Lopez Garcia Esq.
Rodolfo C. Rivas
The authors provide a brief overview of the author’s role in exploiting their creations and how new technologies have made authors and publishers explore new business models. In the article, the authors take a look at the innovative business models implemented by J.K. Rowling, Stephen King, Radiohead and Frank Ocean amongst others./////////////////////////////////////////////////// Los autores proporcionan una breve descripción de la función del autor en la explotación de sus creaciones y cómo las nuevas tecnologías han obligado a los autores y editores explorar nuevos modelos de negocio. En el artículo, los autores echan un vistazo a los modelos de negocio innovadores …
Copyright Developments In 2012 (Version 1.1), Laura Quilter
Copyright Developments In 2012 (Version 1.1), Laura Quilter
Laura Quilter
No abstract provided.
Time Shifting In A Networked Digital World: Optus Tv Now And Copyright In The Cloud, Sampsung Xiaoxiang Shi
Time Shifting In A Networked Digital World: Optus Tv Now And Copyright In The Cloud, Sampsung Xiaoxiang Shi
xiaoxiang shi
This article examines copyright principles applied in a recent Australian case concerning the legality of a consumer cloud computing service - “TV Now” - a free to air TV recording service based on the Internet. It enabled a subscriber to record a TV broadcast and then watch the broadcast later at a more convenient time. Similar decisions made by the courts in Singapore and the United States have also been considered. The ultimate purpose of this article is to explore how copyright law has been struggling to adapte to cope with the advent of new technologies for time shifting of …
El Proyecto De Ley Sopa En Contexto, Rodolfo C. Rivas Rea Esq., Claudia Macmaster Tamarit Esq.
El Proyecto De Ley Sopa En Contexto, Rodolfo C. Rivas Rea Esq., Claudia Macmaster Tamarit Esq.
Rodolfo C. Rivas
The authors discuss the relationship between IP and technology throughout history, before delving into the current regulation trends and perspectives in IP. The article then explores recent US efforts to protect IP and concludes with a brief analysis of the Stop Online Piracy Act bill./////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////Los autores analizan la relación entre la propiedad intelectual y la tecnología a lo largo de la historia. Posteriormente exploran las tendencias actuales en su regulación y las perspectivas hacia el futuro. Finalmente, el artículo explora los recientes esfuerzos en los Estados Unidos para proteger la propiedad intelectual y concluye con un breve análisis del Proyecto …
Minecraft As Web 2.0: Amateur Creativity In Digital Games, Greg Lastowka
Minecraft As Web 2.0: Amateur Creativity In Digital Games, Greg Lastowka
Greg Lastowka
This book chapter considers how the digital game Minecraft has both enabled and benefited from various Web 2.0 practices. I begin with an explanation of the concept of Web 2.0 and then consider how that concept applies to the space of digital games.
Copyright Exhaustion And The Personal Use Dilemma, Aaron K. Perzanowski, Jason M. Schultz
Copyright Exhaustion And The Personal Use Dilemma, Aaron K. Perzanowski, Jason M. Schultz
Aaron K. Perzanowski
Copyright law struggles to provide a coherent framework for analyzing personal uses. Although there is widespread agreement that at least some such uses are non-infringing, the doctrinal basis for that conclusion remains unclear. In particular, the prevailing explanations of fair use and implied license are both flawed in important respects. This Article proposes a new explanation for the favored status of certain personal uses. Drawing on the principle of copyright exhaustion - the notion that once the copyright holder parts with a particular copy of a work, its power to control the use and disposition of that copy is constrained …
Drm At The Intersection Of Copyright Law And Technology : A Case Study For Regulation, Severine Dusollier
Drm At The Intersection Of Copyright Law And Technology : A Case Study For Regulation, Severine Dusollier
Severine Dusollier
Digital Rights Management, that have been deployed to enforce copyright, present an interesting case study for regulation. DRM, as a technology, has significant effects on copyright regulation. When applied to limiting access or controlling the use of some works, and reinforced by anti-circumvention provisions, a DRM system acts as a technical norm regulating the very use of a copyrighted work, as copyright regulation does. But the normative effect of DRM technologies is rather different in terms of content and in terms of nature. Mere access to and use of works are now under control, whereas copyright is traditionally limited to …