Insurance Law Commons^™

Studying Is Dangerous? Possible Federal Remedies For Study Abroad Liability, Robert J. Aalberts, Chad G. Marzen, Darren A. Prum

Chad G. Marzen

Every year, thousands of U.S. students study abroad for academic credit. Study abroad programs have traditionally garnered strong congressional support, and proponents of the programs emphasize the educational, cultural, and diplomatic benefits from study abroad experiences.

Despite the many benefits of study abroad programs, risks are incurred overseas. In the past several years, a number of incidents have resulted in which students studying abroad have not only incurred physical harm, but in some instances have died while enrolled in a study abroad program. The current liability standards governing study abroad programs are murky. This article not only discusses the various …

The Personal Liability Of Insurance Claims Adjusters For Insurance Bad Faith, Chad G. Marzen

Chad G. Marzen

One of the currents of change sweeping through the insurance industry is the rise of insurance bad faith liability. There is an emerging legal question today as to whether the individual employee adjusters of insurance companies can be subject to bad faith liability.This article examines the question of whether employee-adjusters of insurance companies can and should be held liable for insurance bad faith liability. Early reported cases involving personal liability for bad faith generally held that insurance company employee adjusters were immune from bad faith claims as they were not in privity of contract with insureds. However, three significant decisions …

La Cassazione Sull'equiparazione Delle Polizze Unit Linked A Strumenti Finanziari, Valerio Sangiovanni

Valerio Sangiovanni

No abstract provided.

Transparency, Independence And Diversity: Does The United States Have It Better?-A Comparative Analysis Of The Process Of Appointment Of Judges To The Supreme Court In The United States And India., Varun Vaish

Varun Vaish

The rise of legal realism has made it manifestly clear that the background and worldview of judges influence cases.This is evidenced in the United States where the appointment of judges to the higher judiciary is believed to be, at least in some measure, predicated upon the proximity of the political ideology of the judge with that of the appointing party. This influence is acknowledged, questioned and somewhat mitigated against by the process of appointment wherein the Senate ratifies the president’s choice. However the lack of acknowledgement of this influence and its consequent securitization, in the appointment of judges is where …

The Next Green Issue: Considering Property Insurance For The Green Building, Darren A. Prum

Darren A. Prum

As government policies across the country try to encourage more environmentally friendly buildings, the next green issue facing the owners of the completed structure is obtaining the proper insurance coverage to protect their investment. A typical property insurance policy covers the costs to reconstruct or replace property damaged as the result of a casualty, so the Insurance Service Organization and other carriers offer specific green building endorsements in an effort to augment the underlying property policy. However, these buildings maintain unique characteristics, which becomes relevant to the owner and policy underwriter as well as other stakeholders like the holder of …

Is There A Need To 'Substantially Modify' The Terms Of The Trips Agreement?, Varun Vaish

Varun Vaish

The TRIPS Agreement is no stranger to controversy and since its inception has been subject to harsh criticism and calls for modification. The task of defending the TRIPS Agreement, particularly from the point of view of an observer from a third world country is, therefore no mean feat. This article focuses on four major fields where a substantial modification of the TRIPS is being debated and suggests that in the light of the recent decisions of the TRIPS Council, the special and differential treatment incorporated, the intrinsic flexibilities available, and the initiatives undertaken at Doha, ‘substantial modification’ is avoidable. The …

La Transparencia En La Protección De Datos Personales, Bruno L. Costantini García

Bruno L. Costantini García

La Transparencia en la Protección de Datos Personales, ponencia elaborada dentro de los trabajos del VII Congreso Nacional de Organismos Públicos Autónomos (OPAM)

La Clausola C.D. “Di Delimitazione Del Rischio” Nel Contratto Di Assicurazione, Giuseppe Caristena

Giuseppe Caristena

No abstract provided.

Judicial Review Of Administrative Action/ Decision As The Primary Vehicle For Constitutionalism: Law And Procedures In Tanzania, Daudi Mwita Nyamaka Mr.

Daudi Mwita Nyamaka Mr.

This paper examines the discretionary powers of the High Court of Tanzania to review decisions and actions of other public bodies as a means to uphold the spirit of the Constitution on checks and balances between the three organs of the state. The writer examines the procedures for judicial review, the legal and procedural requirements and the remedies available under the laws of Tanzania, however, the writer further examines experiences from other countries particularly from case laws.

Aspectos Generales Dela Publicidad En México. "La Publicidad De Productos, Servicios, Y Actividades Reguladas Por La Ley General De Salud", Bruno L. Costantini García

Bruno L. Costantini García

Introducción a las generalidades de la regulación en materia de publicidad de insumos para el consumo humano (salud) en México.

Regulation Not Prohibition: The Comparative Case Against The Insurable Interest Doctrine, Sharo Michael Atmeh

Sharo M Atmeh

American law requires an insurable interest—a pecuniary or affective stake in the subject of an insurance policy—as a predi-cate to properly obtaining insurance. In theory, the rule prevents both wagering on individual lives and moral hazard. In practice, the doctrine is avoided by complex insurance transaction structuring to effectuate both origination and transfers of insurance by individuals without an insurable interest. This paper argues that it is time to ab-andon the insurable interest doctrine. As both the English and Aus-tralian experiences indicate, elimination of the insurable interest doctrine will have little detrimental pecuniary effect on the insurance industry, while freeing …

The Bonds That Tie: Will A Performance Bond Require That A Surety Deliver A Certified Green Building?, Darren Prum, Lorilee Medders

Darren A. Prum

In 2006, the city of Washington, D. C. passed landmark legislation that introduced green building requirements for various types of structures into the jurisdiction over a five-year period. A noteworthy aspect of the legislation directed construction projects within the district to purchase green performance bonds up to $3 million to guard against a privately owned project’s failure to meet its green building aspirations. In essence, this law placed the burden of guaranteeing compliance with the government’s policy upon the contractors and sureties of a green building project.

Following the passage of this act, confusion amongst the construction industry and sureties …

Historia, Maendeleo Na Mabadiliko Ya Katiba Tanzania Tangu Uhuru Hadi Miaka Hamsini Ya Uhuru 9 Desemba 2011., Daudi Mwita Nyamaka Mr.

Daudi Mwita Nyamaka Mr.

Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania ni nchi iliyotokana na nchi mbili za Tanganyika na Zanzibari mwaka 1964, tangu uhuru wa Tanganyika 1961 na uhuru wa Zanzibari 1963 pamekuwapo na maendeleo ya kikatiba kwa upande wa Muungano na kwa Zanzibari ambayo hatuna budi kuyatazama kwa mapana yake hasa juu ya ushirikishwaji wa watu katika kuzipata katiba hizi.

Electronic Contracts In Tanzania: An Appraisal Of The Legal Framework, Daudi Mwita Nyamaka Mr.

Daudi Mwita Nyamaka Mr.

The concern of our study was to examine the legal basis for electronic contracts in Tanzania. The major problems that were being examined are; the ascertainment of e-contract terms and the other party in the contract with the focus to consent i.e. consensus ad idem requirements and capacity to contract. With the first problem, e-commerce involves e-contracts and the business community in Tanzania enters into contractual arrangements with external world via websites or email in which case the electronic environment is not suitable in Tanzania in terms of the laws and the technology. Messages sent via internet may be garbled …

Noción Y Elementos Existenciales Del Título De Crédito, Bruno L. Costantini García

Bruno L. Costantini García

Discernir la noción y elementos de existencia de los títulos de crédito, considerando la doctrina y la denominación expresada en nuestra Ley General de Títulos y Operaciones de Crédito, conceptualizando el término de los documentos que consignan un derecho crediticio propio de su naturaleza y deslindando de manera dogmatica y exegética los elementos que lo forman y le dan su funcionamiento, mediante una visión de las instituciones jurídicas que les dan su existencia y aplicación dentro del devenir de los actos de comercio.

Generalidades De La Propiedad Intelectual En México, Bruno L. Costantini García

Bruno L. Costantini García

Presentación de las Generalidades de la Propiedad Intelectual en México (Propiedad Industrial y Derechos de Autor), legislación que la rige, aplicación y modalidades

Negotiating The India-Pakistan Conflict In Relation To Kashmir., Varun Vaish

Varun Vaish

Any academic discussion centered on a particular conflict is incomplete without first attempting to garner a better understanding of the genesis and subsequent alteration of the underlying factors that contribute to a dispute through an integrative approach. Such an approach has been termed as “Transformation Studies,” wherein an attempt is made to first study the experiences which lead to grievances and ultimately to disputes. In this approach the emergence and transformation of a dispute is analogous to studying a social process as it occurs.Only when a particular experience is perceived to be injurious, does one feel the need to attribute …

La Jurisprudencia En México, Bruno L. Costantini García

Bruno L. Costantini García

Breve presentación de la jurisprudencia en México, su aplicación, objetivos y fines para el Derecho Mexicano. ¿Por qué es util para el derecho? ¿Quién la emite?

Notariado Y Correduria Y Su Registro En México, Bruno L. Costantini García

Bruno L. Costantini García

Introducción al Derecho Notarial y Registral en México, cuyo objeto es conocer los elementos de las figuras del notario y del corredor público, la formalización de sus actos y su registro.

Copyright In Its Global Contextcanada's Approach To Bill C-32: India’S Lesson In 'What Not To Do'., Varun Vaish

Varun Vaish

Every once in a while, one has the luxury to benefit from the experience of another. When those experiences originate from a comparable state of affairs, one would be unwise not to learn from them. Such an opportunity presents itself before India as both Copyright Modernization Act, 2010 of Canada and the Copyright (Amendment) Bill, 2010 of India are tabled before their respective legislative houses. Through this note the author seeks to reflect upon Canada’s Bill C-32 vis-à-vis the other proposed or prevailing copyright laws of countries, in order to expediently inform the Indian position on Copyright law. The author …

Social Contract Theory Of John Locke (1932-1704) In The Contemporary World, Daudi Mwita Nyamaka Mr.

Daudi Mwita Nyamaka Mr.

The 17th century period was marked by an attempt to erect effective safeguard against violations of natural law by governments. Law in this period was conceptualized as an instrument for the prevention of autocracy and despotism. Absolutism in Europe that was associated with governmental encroachments necessitated a strong shield of individual liberty. In this period legal theory placed the main emphasis on liberty, thus the law was to render governments capable of functioning as a guarantor of individual rights. This paper aims at examining the social contract theory of the 17th-century English philosopher, John Locke, its parameters, limitations and its …

El Derecho De Sucesiones Se Debe Atemperar A Los Cambios De La Sociedad Del Siglo Xxi, Edward Ivan Cueva

Edward Ivan Cueva

No abstract provided.

Special Economic Zones In India: Labor Issues And Key Considerations., Varun Vaish

Varun Vaish

Michel Chossaovsky recognizes that this era of globalization, is marked by a relocation of the Industrial base of advanced countries to cheap labour locations in developing countries. The obvious requirement is that of a cheap, stable and disciplined industrial labour force in a “secure political environment”. In tune with Global adjustment requirements various measures are being adopted to promote export competitiveness by the governments in these countries. These measures attempt to fulfill the hidden agenda of structural adjustment programmes, which endorse the development of a cheap-labour export economy, and drive down world commodity prices. Post 1991 in line with the …

Some Misleading Influences On The Reading Of Reinsurance Contracts: A Plea For Express Intent, Graydon S. Staring

Graydon S. Staring

Reinsurance is a business of transactions that cross national and state boundaries in great numbers and great values measured by premiums, risks and recoveries. It has very old roots as an innovative market free of control by any single nation, responsive to the intentions of parties and governed by the usages and ethical understandings of its principals inherited as part of international commercial practice. It is important that the intentions represented in its contracts be understood in whatever venue they are questioned to the same effect as they were to those who negotiated them. Although this laudable aim will occasionally …

Uso Social Del Suelo Ejidal Y Comunal Para El Desarrollo Equilibrado De Las Áreas Urbanas Del Estado De Puebla, Bruno L. Costantini García

Bruno L. Costantini García

De origen, difundir los diversos esquemas permitidos por la Ley para posibilitar la realización de proyectos con fines inmobiliarios, a efecto de que los núcleos agrarios y sus integrantes se beneficien equitativamente de la urbanización de sus tierras, coadyuvando con ello al desarrollo urbano planificado y ordenado de los centros de población del Estado de Puebla; como consecuencia, impulsar el desarrollo habitacional equilibrado de éste. Eliminar el circulo.- “necesidad de tierra – asentamiento irregular – solución de conflicto”, mediante la planeación socioeconómico de los núcleos agrarios ejidales y comunales, a fin de diseñar un mecanismo eficaz que satisfaga las necesidades …

Delimitación Téorica Del Delito Penal Fiscal, Bruno L. Costantini García

Bruno L. Costantini García

Anális de los elementos constitutivos del delito fiscal, la acción delictiva, los grados de ejecución, la consumación y los responsables.

Pretende distinguir el delito penal común del delito penal fiscal con base en sus elementos y pretende aportar una reflexión de la criminalización del delito fiscal en nuestros tiempos, usado por la Autoridad Hacendaria como un medio de represíón y de opresión de los derechos del contribuyente.

La Globalización De La Legislación Cambiaria, Bruno L. Costantini García

Bruno L. Costantini García

No abstract provided.

Protección De Datos Personales, Bruno L. Costantini García, Norma E. Pimentel Méndez

Bruno L. Costantini García

Introducción a la regulación de la protección de datos personales en México.

Derecho De La Seguridad Social En México, Bruno L. Costantini García

Bruno L. Costantini García

Breve presentación del Derecho de la Segurida Social en México.

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The Legal And Practical Aspects Of Atm's In Tanzania, Daudi Mwita Nyamaka Mr.

Daudi Mwita Nyamaka Mr.

The concern of our study was to examine the legal and practical aspects of ATMs in Tanzania. The major problems that were being examined are; the 24 hours operation on ATMs vis-à-vis system failure or error and the system of one bank allowing cardholders of another bank to use its ATMs. With the first problem, all banks in Tanzania with ATMs have attractive advertisements to customers that affirm sufficient services in any time of the day but in reality, the machines usually fail to respond the instructions of the cardholder regardless the fact that the cardholder inserts the card and …