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- National Labor Relations Act (6)
- Picketing (6)
- Freedom of speech (5)
- Union (4)
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- Clear and present danger (2)
- Fifth Amendment (2)
- Free speech (2)
- Garcetti v. Ceballos (2)
- Government employees (2)
- Labor disputes (2)
- National Labor Relations Board (2)
- Strike (2)
- Strikes (2)
- United States Supreme Court (2)
- Whistleblowers (2)
- American Steel Foundries v. Tri-City Central Trades Council (1)
- Anti-union literature (1)
- Bargaining rights (1)
- Beck v. Railway Teamsters' Protective Union (1)
- Bianco v. Lay (1)
- Book review (1)
- Boycotts (1)
- Building Service Employees International Union v. Gazzam (1)
- Burglar alarm systems (1)
- Cafeteria (1)
- Cafeteria Employees Union (1)
- Campaign (1)
- Captive audience speech (1)
- Cease and desist order (1)
Articles 1 - 23 of 23
Full-Text Articles in First Amendment
Pro-Whistleblower Reform In The Post-Garcetti Era, Julian W. Kleinbrodt
Pro-Whistleblower Reform In The Post-Garcetti Era, Julian W. Kleinbrodt
Michigan Law Review
Whistleblowers who expose government ineptitude, inefficiency, and corruption are valuable assets to a well-functioning democracy. Until recently, the Connick–Pickering test governed public employee speech law; it gave First Amendment protection to government employees who spoke on matters of public concern—-such as whistleblowers-—so long as the government’s administrative concerns did not outweigh the employees’ free speech interests. The Supreme Court significantly curtailed the protection of such speech in its recent case, Garcetti v. Ceballos. This case created a categorical threshold requirement that afforded no protection to speech made as an employee rather than as a citizen. Garcetti’s problematic rule has forced …
Policeman, Citizen, Or Both? A Civilian Analogue Exception To Garcetti V. Ceballos, Caroline A. Flynn
Policeman, Citizen, Or Both? A Civilian Analogue Exception To Garcetti V. Ceballos, Caroline A. Flynn
Michigan Law Review
The First Amendment prohibits the government from leveraging its employment relationship with a public employee in order to silence the employee's speech. But the Supreme Court dramatically curtailed this right in Garcetti v. Ceballos by installing a categorical bar: if the public employee spoke "pursuant to her official duties," her First Amendment retaliation claim cannot proceed. Garcetti requires the employee to show that she was speaking entirely "as a citizen" and not at all "as an employee." But this is a false dichotomy - especially because the value of the employee's speech to the public is no less if she …
Secondary Consumer Picketing, Statutory Interpretation And The First Amendment, Michigan Law Review
Secondary Consumer Picketing, Statutory Interpretation And The First Amendment, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
This Note examines both the statutory and constitutional implications of Safeco and Tree Fruits. It suggests that the confusion surrounding existing Board and court interpretations of section 8(b)(4)(ii)(B) stems from the Supreme Court's failure to assess realistically the impact that consumer picketing has on secondary businesses, as well as the Court's refusal to examine the objectives of unions that resort to secondary picketing.
Labor Law--Picketing--Constitutional Law--First Amendment Challenges By Federal Employees To The Broad Labor Picketing Proscription Of Executive Order 11491, Michigan Law Review
Labor Law--Picketing--Constitutional Law--First Amendment Challenges By Federal Employees To The Broad Labor Picketing Proscription Of Executive Order 11491, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
This Note will consider the constitutional validity of section 19(b)(4)'s broad prohibition against federal-employee labor picketing. However, before the first amendment questions are considered, two preliminary issues should be discussed.
Labor Law-Nlrb Regulation Of Employer's Pre-Election Captive Audience Speeches, Michigan Law Review
Labor Law-Nlrb Regulation Of Employer's Pre-Election Captive Audience Speeches, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
One of the most effective weapons that an employer may utilize to dissuade his employees from accepting unionization is an antiunion speech delivered to the assembled employees on company time and property shortly before a scheduled representation election. Two recent National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) decisions have provided an opportunity for reopening the much debated question of a campaigning union's right to reply under equal opportunity conditions to such a captive audience speech. In McCulloch Corp., a union sought to have the unfavorable results of a representation election set aside on the ground that the employer's refusal to allow …
The Worker And Three Phases Of Unionism: Administrative And Judicial Control Of The Worker-Union Relationship, Alfred W. Blumrosen
The Worker And Three Phases Of Unionism: Administrative And Judicial Control Of The Worker-Union Relationship, Alfred W. Blumrosen
Michigan Law Review
This article will examine the extent to which, and the methods by which, individual rights are protected in each of these three phases of union activity. We will see that the employee is well protected in his right to oppose political action of the union and has considerable legal protection for his rights to engage in internal union political struggles, but the employee has received little protection for his economic interests in collective bargaining between unions and employers. A recent decision by the NLRB, which will be examined in some detail, suggests that additional protection for individual economic rights in …
Constitutional Law- Civil Rights - Union Use Of Dues For Political Action, Paul Hanke
Constitutional Law- Civil Rights - Union Use Of Dues For Political Action, Paul Hanke
Michigan Law Review
Defendant unions under the authority of section 2, Eleventh of the Railway Labor Act obtained union shop agreements from defendant railroads. Non-union employees sought to enjoin enforcement of the agreements because the unions used periodic dues, fees, and assessments to support political doctrines and candidates opposed by plaintiffs. The trial court dismissed for failure to state a cause of action, but the Supreme Court of Georgia overruled the dismissal and remanded. The lower court then ruled that petitioners were denied constitutional liberties and issued the injunction. On appeal, held, affirmed. Enforcement of union shop contracts requiring employees to pay …
Labor Law - Labor Management Relations Act - Linking "Employer Free Speech" To No-Solicitation Rule, Barbara Burger
Labor Law - Labor Management Relations Act - Linking "Employer Free Speech" To No-Solicitation Rule, Barbara Burger
Michigan Law Review
During an organizational campaign the employer prohibited any dissemination of literature on company property and soliciting or campaigning on company time by employees while itself distributing within the plant non-threatening, anti-union literature. General Counsel for the NLRB contended that by this conduct the employer "interfered with, restrained or coerced" employees in their exercise of the right to self-organization. This contention was rejected by the NLRB, but on appeal was accepted by the Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia. On certiorari to the United States Supreme Court, held, reversed, two justices dissenting. Even if an employer could commit …
Labor Law - Nlra - "Roving Situs" Picketing As Violation Of Section 8(B)(4)(A), William K. Muir Jr.
Labor Law - Nlra - "Roving Situs" Picketing As Violation Of Section 8(B)(4)(A), William K. Muir Jr.
Michigan Law Review
Respondent union sought to organize the crane and dragline operators of a manufacturer of ready-mixed cement and posted pickets about the local manufacturing plant. During the working day each of the employer's delivery trucks crossed the picket line at least twice. In addition, the union established a roving picket line which circulated about the manufacturer's trucks while they were making deliveries to customers at local construction sites. The roving picketing lasted only so long as the workers of the primary employer remained on the customer's premises. The pickets at all times stayed within six hundred feet of the trucks. The …
Problems In The Removal Of Federal Civil Servants, Ivor L. M. Richardson
Problems In The Removal Of Federal Civil Servants, Ivor L. M. Richardson
Michigan Law Review
The publicity given in the past few years to the loyalty and security program has brought the civil servant of the federal government increasingly before the public eye. At the same time little attention has been paid to the plight of a civil servant who is dismissed from his post for reasons other than those relating to loyalty and security. It is the purpose of this paper to consider different aspects of the removal of civil servants. We shall discuss (1) the government's power to remove civil servants both at common law and under statutes which deal with the exercise …
Labor Law - Organizational Picketing In Industries Not Affecting Interstate Commerce, Arne Hovdesven
Labor Law - Organizational Picketing In Industries Not Affecting Interstate Commerce, Arne Hovdesven
Michigan Law Review
Representatives of defendant union approached plaintiff, proprietor of a small liquor store, with information that they planned to initiate an organizational campaign to obtain the membership of the store's three clerks, none of whom were members of any union at that time. Subsequent to this meeting, a picket line of two men was established and was maintained without any acts of violence, for over nineteen months until halted by a permanent injunction issued by the New York Supreme Court, Appellate Division. The union did not make any demands upon plaintiff to sign a contract or to recognize it as bargaining …
Labor Law - Arbitration - Right Of Employer Of Discharge Employer Who Refuses To Testify Concerning His Communist Affiliation, Mary Lee Ryan
Labor Law - Arbitration - Right Of Employer Of Discharge Employer Who Refuses To Testify Concerning His Communist Affiliation, Mary Lee Ryan
Michigan Law Review
A member of the United Electrical Workers Union was discharged from the J. H. Day Company because of his refusal to testify concerning his communist affiliation before the Ohio Un-American Activities Committee and because of the unfavorable publicity which had resulted. Under grievance procedure, the union brought the matter before arbitration. Findings, there was no just cause for dismissal. The employee is entitled to back pay and to reinstatement subject to security clearance. J. H. Day Company,. 22 LAB. Aim. RBP. 751 (1954).
The Influence Of Mr. Justice Murphy On Labor Law, Archibald Cox
The Influence Of Mr. Justice Murphy On Labor Law, Archibald Cox
Michigan Law Review
When Mr. Justice Murphy took his place on the Supreme Court in 1940, a period of major development in labor law was beginning. In 1935 Congress had laid one of the two principal foundation stones by enacting the Wagner Act. But the NLRA did not become effective in any practical sense until after its constitutionality was upheld in 1937, and it was in the next decade that the farthest reaching questions of interpretation and application were to be decided. The second stone was laid in 1938 when passage of the Fair Labor Standards Act committed the nation to the policy …
Constitutional Law--Statutory Interpretation Under Labor-Management Relations Act--Prohibition Of Union Political Expenditures, Roland E. Ginsburg
Constitutional Law--Statutory Interpretation Under Labor-Management Relations Act--Prohibition Of Union Political Expenditures, Roland E. Ginsburg
Michigan Law Review
The C.I.O., with the consent of its president, Philip Murray, made expenditures from the funds of the organization for the publication of an editorial in the "C.I.O. News," a regularly issued periodical, urging the members of the C.I.O. to vote for a particular candidate in a special Congressional election in Maryland. Additional funds were expended for the publication and transportation of one thousand extra copies. Both the C.I.O. and Mr. Murray were charged with violation of section 304 of the Labor-Management Relations Act in the district court. Defendants moved to dismiss the indictment, alleging that the statute abridged rights guaranteed …
Labor Law-Compulsory Arbitration Of Labor Disputes, James A. Sprunk S.Ed.
Labor Law-Compulsory Arbitration Of Labor Disputes, James A. Sprunk S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
In 1947, seven states adopted legislation for compulsory arbitration of labor disputes in public utilities. Four more provide for seizure of such industries in cases of strikes or lockouts, and one prohibits picketing or interference with the service of a public utility. In addition, procedures for conciliation, mediation, or voluntary arbitration with suspension of the right to strike or lockout during such procedures, are provided by still others. Such legislative activity reflects the growing public concern regarding labor disputes and indicates that many state legislators are convinced that to secure industrial peace more is required than the mere imposition of …
Killingsworth: State Labor Relations Acts, Michigan Law Review
Killingsworth: State Labor Relations Acts, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
A Review of STATE LABOR RELATIONS ACTS. By Charles C. Killingsworth.
Labor Law--Constitutionality Of Affidavit And Filing Provisions Of Taft-Hartley Act, Jerry S. Mccroskey S.Ed.
Labor Law--Constitutionality Of Affidavit And Filing Provisions Of Taft-Hartley Act, Jerry S. Mccroskey S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff union, its president, and two union members sought to enjoin the National Labor Relations Board and its members individually from disqualifying plaintiff union from participation in union representation elections held by the board among the employees of two Great Lakes shipping companies. The exclusion of the plaintiff union was based on its failure to file affidavits and reports under sections 9 (f), 9 (g), and 9 (h) of the Taft-Hartley Act, which failure by the terms of the act served to disqualify the non-complying union from participation in board procedures. The plaintiff union attacked the requirements as unconstitutional. Held …
Constitutional Law-Freedom Of Speech For Labor Organizers-Registration Requirement Invalid, Francis Powers
Constitutional Law-Freedom Of Speech For Labor Organizers-Registration Requirement Invalid, Francis Powers
Michigan Law Review
Collins v. Thomas decided by the Supreme Court in January is a decision of great practical importance in that it falls at a point where three recently developed constitutional doctrines enmesh or intersect with one another. The case makes it necessary that the Court integrate these doctrines and distinguish the areas in which they are respectively applicable.
Constltutional Law - Labor Unions - Injunction
Constltutional Law - Labor Unions - Injunction
Michigan Law Review
Complainants owned and operated a small cafeteria conducting the business without the aid of any employees. Defendants, a labor union and its president, picketed the cafeteria in an attempt "to organize it." The picketing was carried on by parade of one person at a time in front of the premises, at all times in an "orderly and peaceful" manner. Signs were carried which tended to give the impression that the complainants were "unfair" to organized labor and that the pickets "had been previously employed in the cafeteria." These representations were knowingly false in that there had been no employees in …
In Defense Of The Supreme Court's Picketing Doctrine, Louis L. Jaffe
In Defense Of The Supreme Court's Picketing Doctrine, Louis L. Jaffe
Michigan Law Review
Picketing, pursued by state prohibition, has now found sanctuary in the Constitution. The Fourteenth Amendment recognizes it as free speech. But not always, says the majority of the Court. There has been sharp fire from both the Right and the Left. The criticism runs much as it did against the Duke of York's generalship of his men. "When they were half-way up they were neither up nor down." In a recent article Mr. Teller argues that picketing is not an exercise of free speech and should never have been constitutionally guaranteed as such. It was the first mistake of the …
Labor Law - Secondary Picketing - Unity Of Interest Between Manufacturer And Retailer, Michigan Law Review
Labor Law - Secondary Picketing - Unity Of Interest Between Manufacturer And Retailer, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
A manufacturer of burglar alarm systems installed one in complainant's retail haberdashery store, and entered into an agreement, renewable annually, for maintenance of the apparatus. In furtherance of a strike against the manufacturer of the alarm, defendant union representatives picketed complainant's store in a peaceful and orderly manner, carrying signs which read, "Maintenance of Burglar Alarm in this store unfair to Local No. 3." Defendants were convicted of disorderly conduct tending to a breach of the peace under the New York Penal Code. Held, on appeal from reversal of such convictions by the court of special sessions, reversal affirmed. …
Labor Law - Constitutional Law - National Labor Relations Act- Right Of Employer To Disparage Labor Unions And To Advise His Employees Against Joining Them, William C. Wetherbee
Labor Law - Constitutional Law - National Labor Relations Act- Right Of Employer To Disparage Labor Unions And To Advise His Employees Against Joining Them, William C. Wetherbee
Michigan Law Review
In the spring of 1937 the respondent distributed anti-union literature to its employees. Some of the material specifically denied any design on the part of the employer to prevent the employees from joining a union, and none of the literature pretended to be more than the advice and opinions of the employer. Nevertheless, the unions were thoroughly condemned as rackets, controlled by Communists, which deprive the workingman of his economic freedom and force him to pay for the privilege of working. The National Labor Relations Board found that the distribution of this literature interfered with, restrained, and coerced the employees …
The Fiction Of Peaceful Picketing, Frank E. Cooper
The Fiction Of Peaceful Picketing, Frank E. Cooper
Michigan Law Review
Efforts of labor organizations during the past decade to secure the enactment of legislation guaranteeing strikers the privilege of peaceably picketing their employers' places of business, appear to have gained for union members no more than a Pyrrhic victory. Although at least nineteen states now have statutes intended to prohibit judicial interference with peaceful picketing, a review of recent cases in this ever timely field indicates that in general such laws have been construed to limit the privileges of pickets to activities so pusillanimous as to be of little aid to the strikers and of little annoyance to employers. In …