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Articles 1 - 30 of 60
Full-Text Articles in Evidence
Authenticating Social Media Evidence In Chinese Criminal Procedure Law -- A Comparative Study, Yage Huang
Authenticating Social Media Evidence In Chinese Criminal Procedure Law -- A Comparative Study, Yage Huang
Maurer Theses and Dissertations
Authentication requires the proponent to provide sufficient proof that the proposed social media evidence is, indeed, what it is claimed to be. The rapid proliferation of social media evidence has posed significant challenges for its authentication. This dissertation explores the authentication challenges for social media evidence in a comprehensive manner.
This research employs a qualitative research methodology, including theoretical and analytical methods, to examine the theoretical approaches, statutory provisions, and recent judicial rulings related to the authentication of social media evidence within the legal frameworks of China and the United States. Through a comparative analysis, this study reveals significant commonalities …
Remarks On Manifesting Justice: Wrongly Convicted Women Reclaim Their Rights, Amber Baylor, Valena Beety, Susan Sturm
Remarks On Manifesting Justice: Wrongly Convicted Women Reclaim Their Rights, Amber Baylor, Valena Beety, Susan Sturm
Articles by Maurer Faculty
The following are remarks from a panel discussion co-hosted by the Columbia Journal of Gender and Law and the Center for Gender and Sexuality Law on the book Manifesting Justice: Wrongly Convicted Women Reclaim Their Rights.
The Incongruence Principle Of Evidence, Hillel Bavli
The Incongruence Principle Of Evidence, Hillel Bavli
Indiana Law Journal
Evidence law assumes that the meaning and value of information at trial is equal to the meaning and value of the same information in the real world. This premise underlies evidence policy, judicial applications of evidence law, and instructions to jurors for evaluating evidence. However, it is incorrect, and the law’s failure to recognize this hinders its aims of accuracy and equality.
In this article, I draw on fields outside of law—including Bayesian inference and cognitive psychology—to develop a model of evidence that describes how jurors combine new evidence with prior beliefs (or “priors”) to make inferences and judgments. I …
Can Speech Act Theory Save Notice Pleading?, Susan E. Provenzano
Can Speech Act Theory Save Notice Pleading?, Susan E. Provenzano
Indiana Law Journal
Countless scholars have debated—and lower courts have attempted to apply—the plausibility pleading regime that the Supreme Court introduced in Twombly and Iqbal. Iqbal took Twombly’s requirement that a complaint plead plausibly and turned it into a two-step test. Under that test, the life or death of a lawsuit rests on the distinction between “well-pleaded” and “conclusory” allegations. Only the former are assumed true on a motion to dismiss. Seven decades of pleading precedent had taken a sensible, if unstable, approach to the truth assumption, making a single cut between factual contentions (assumed true) and legal conclusions (ignored). But Iqbal redrew …
Evidence Struggles: Legality, Legitimacy, And Social Mobilizations In The Catalan Political Conflict, Susana Narotzky
Evidence Struggles: Legality, Legitimacy, And Social Mobilizations In The Catalan Political Conflict, Susana Narotzky
Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies
Different kinds of evidence are put forward to make an argument and justify political action by agents situated in diverse social, cultural, and power positions. The Catalan political conflict is a case in point. The central Spanish government's arguments are mostly of a juridical nature and rest on the anti-constitutionality of the Catalan government and other civil society organizations' actions. Instead, most arguments of Catalan supporters of independence are based on historical interpretations of grievances referring to national institutions and identity. Supporters of independence, under the politically inspired actions of major civil society associations, have mobilized hundreds of thousands of …
Evidence On Fire, Valena Beety, Jennifer Oliva
Evidence On Fire, Valena Beety, Jennifer Oliva
Articles by Maurer Faculty
Fire science, a field largely developed by lay “arson investigators,” police officers, or similar first responders untrained in chemistry and physics, has been historically dominated by unreliable methodology, demonstrably false conclusions, and concomitant miscarriages of justice. Fire investigators are neither subject to proficiency testing nor required to obtain more than a high school education. Perhaps surprisingly, courts have largely spared many of the now debunked tenets of fire investigation any serious scientific scrutiny in criminal arson cases. This Article contrasts the courts’ ongoing lax admissibility of unreliable fire-science evidence in criminal cases with their strict exclusion of the same flimsy …
Discovering Forensic Fraud, Jennifer Oliva, Valena Beety
Discovering Forensic Fraud, Jennifer Oliva, Valena Beety
Articles by Maurer Faculty
This Essay posits that certain structural dynamics, which dominate criminal proceedings, significantly contribute to the admissibility of faulty forensic science in criminal trials. The authors believe that these dynamics are more insidious than questionable individual prosecutorial or judicial behavior in this context. Not only are judges likely to be former prosecutors, prosecutors are “repeat players” in criminal litigation and, as such, routinely support reduced pretrial protections for defendants. Therefore, we argue that the significant discrepancies between the civil and criminal pretrial discovery and disclosure rules warrant additional scrutiny.
In the criminal system, the near absence of any pretrial discovery means …
A Trail To Modernity: Observations On The New Developments Of China's Evidence Legislation Movement In A Global Context, Jia Li, Zhuhao Wang
A Trail To Modernity: Observations On The New Developments Of China's Evidence Legislation Movement In A Global Context, Jia Li, Zhuhao Wang
Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies
China, like most other civil law countries, does not have a discrete evidence code. Rather, Chinese evidence rules are currently scattered among various procedural codes. Since the beginning of the twenty-first century, Chinese scholars and practitioners have advocated for specialized evidence legislation. As part of this movement, China issued numerous judicial interpretations of evidence law, amendments to existing procedural law, and experimental drafts of evidence statutes. For example, new amendments to the Civil Procedure Law and to the Criminal Procedure Law became effective on January 1, 2013. More recently, the Supreme People's Court led the efforts to create two experimental …
Friends, Gangbangers, Custody Disputants, Lend Me Your Passwords, Aviva Orenstein
Friends, Gangbangers, Custody Disputants, Lend Me Your Passwords, Aviva Orenstein
Articles by Maurer Faculty
Whenever parties seek to introduce out-of-court statements, evidentiary issues of hearsay and authentication will arise. As methods of communication expand, the Rules of Evidence must necessarily keep pace. The rules remain essentially the same, but their application vary with new modes of communication. Evidence law has been very adaptable in some ways, and notoriously conservative, even stodgy, in others. Although statements on Facebook and other social media raise some interesting questions concerning the hearsay rule and its exceptions, there has been little concern about applying the hearsay doctrine to such forms of communication. By contrast, such new media have triggered …
Sex, Threats, And Absent Victims: The Lessons Of Regina V. Bedingfield For Modern Confrontation And Domestic Violence Cases, Aviva A. Orenstein
Sex, Threats, And Absent Victims: The Lessons Of Regina V. Bedingfield For Modern Confrontation And Domestic Violence Cases, Aviva A. Orenstein
Articles by Maurer Faculty
In 2004, Crawford v. Washington, authored by Justice Antonin Scalia, revolutionized the law of confrontation by requiring that, aside from two discrete exceptions, all testimonial statements (those made with the expectation that they will serve to prosecute the accused) be subject to cross-examination. This new interpretation of the Sixth Amendment confrontation clause has profoundly affected domestic violence cases, making it much harder to prosecute them successfully.
Although Justice Scalia’s approach to confrontation is new, it is strikingly similar to the analysis in Regina v. Bedingfield, a notorious English murder case, which excluded from the evidence an alleged statement by the …
The Unabomber Revisited: Reexamining The Use Of Mental Disorder Diagnoses As Evidence Of The Mental Condition Of Criminal Defendants, Adam K. Magid
The Unabomber Revisited: Reexamining The Use Of Mental Disorder Diagnoses As Evidence Of The Mental Condition Of Criminal Defendants, Adam K. Magid
Indiana Law Journal
This Article revisits a longstanding debate concerning the appropriateness of diagnostic evidence in criminal cases in which a defendant’s mental condition is at issue. As illustrated through a case study of Theodore Kaczynski, more widely known as the “Unabomber,” a diagnosis of paranoid schizophrenia poses a risk of confounding a judge or jury attempting to ascertain an accurate picture of the mental state of a criminal defendant, specifically by (i) suggesting symptoms not actually present, (ii) creating a distorted picture of symptoms that are present, and (iii) suggesting organic, determinative factors as the mechanism behind a defendant’s actions, even where …
Propensity Or Stereotype?: A Bad Evidence Experiment In Indian Country, Aviva Orenstein
Propensity Or Stereotype?: A Bad Evidence Experiment In Indian Country, Aviva Orenstein
Articles by Maurer Faculty
In a significant break with traditional evidence rules and policies, the Federal Rules of Evidence concerning rape and child abuse, Rules 413 and 414, permit the government to admit the accused’s prior sexual misconduct as evidence of character and propensity. Although these rules have been roundly criticized, insufficient attention has been paid to the fact that in allowing propensity evidence for federal sex offenses (as opposed to offenses under state law), these rules disproportionately affect one distinct civilian population: Indians.
The de facto concentration of Rules 413-414 cases in Indian Country raises troubling questions regarding what it means to have …
Comments On Child Abuse Litigation In A "Testimonial" World: The Intersection Of Competency, Hearsay, And Confrontation, Myrna S. Raeder
Comments On Child Abuse Litigation In A "Testimonial" World: The Intersection Of Competency, Hearsay, And Confrontation, Myrna S. Raeder
Indiana Law Journal
The papers in this symposium were originally prepared for the Section on Evidence of the 2007 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Law Schools.
The History Of Children's Hearsay: From Old Bailey To Post-Davis, Thomas D. Lyon, Raymond Lamagna
The History Of Children's Hearsay: From Old Bailey To Post-Davis, Thomas D. Lyon, Raymond Lamagna
Indiana Law Journal
The papers in this symposium were originally prepared for the Section on Evidence of the 2007 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Law Schools.
When Mohammed Goes To The Mountain: The Evidentiary Value Of A View, Layne S. Keele
When Mohammed Goes To The Mountain: The Evidentiary Value Of A View, Layne S. Keele
Indiana Law Journal
No abstract provided.
Deviance, Due Process, And The False Promise Of Federal Rule Of Evidence 403, Aviva A. Orenstein
Deviance, Due Process, And The False Promise Of Federal Rule Of Evidence 403, Aviva A. Orenstein
Articles by Maurer Faculty
In a significant break with traditional evidence rules and policies, Federal Rules of Evidence 413 and 414 (concerning rape and child abuse, respectively) allow jurors to use the accused's prior sexual misconduct as evidence of character and propensity. Courts have rejected due process challenges to the new rules, holding that Federal Rule of Evidence 403 serves as a check on any fairness concerns. However, courts' application of Rule 403 in cases involving these sexual propensity rules is troubling. Relying on the legislative history of the new rules and announcing a presumption of admissibility, courts have forsaken the traditional operation of …
The Ethics Of Evidence, J. Alexander Tanford
The Ethics Of Evidence, J. Alexander Tanford
Articles by Maurer Faculty
Professor J. Alexander Tanford offers a unique perspective on the ethics of evidence, illustrated by examples of his own personal experiences as well as excerpts from film and literature. This Article is a must read for any litigator as it addresses the issue of where the line is to be drawn regarding evidence in the courtroom.
Mapp Goes Abroad, Craig M. Bradley
Insurance-Weight Of Evidence-Construction Of Policy-Proximate Cause
Insurance-Weight Of Evidence-Construction Of Policy-Proximate Cause
Indiana Law Journal
No abstract provided.
The In/Into Controversy: Lubet Misses The Point, J. Alexander Tanford
The In/Into Controversy: Lubet Misses The Point, J. Alexander Tanford
Articles by Maurer Faculty
No abstract provided.
Experts, Liars, And Guns For Hire: A Different Perspective On The Qualification Of Technical Expert Witnesses, Christopher P. Murphy
Experts, Liars, And Guns For Hire: A Different Perspective On The Qualification Of Technical Expert Witnesses, Christopher P. Murphy
Indiana Law Journal
No abstract provided.
Novel Scientific Evidence Of Intoxication: Acoustic Analysis Of Voice Recordings From The Exxon Valdez, J. Alexander Tanford, David B. Pisoni, Keith Johnson
Novel Scientific Evidence Of Intoxication: Acoustic Analysis Of Voice Recordings From The Exxon Valdez, J. Alexander Tanford, David B. Pisoni, Keith Johnson
Articles by Maurer Faculty
Part of this article reports original research conducted under the direction of the second and third authors. The initial re search was supported by a contract to Indiana University from General Motors Research Laboratories. The specific analyses of voice recordings of Captain Joseph Hazelwood were conducted by them at the re quest of the National Transportation Safety Board, and are based on tapes and data supplied by the NTSB. The second author may be called as a witness in some of the lawsuits pending against the Exxon Corporation. The opinions expressed in this article concerning whether this evidence meets the …
Don't Be Cowed By Scientific Evidence: A Pretrial Primer For Prosecutors And Defense Attorneys, F. Thomas Schornhorst
Don't Be Cowed By Scientific Evidence: A Pretrial Primer For Prosecutors And Defense Attorneys, F. Thomas Schornhorst
Articles by Maurer Faculty
No abstract provided.
An Introduction To Trial Law, J. Alexander Tanford
An Introduction To Trial Law, J. Alexander Tanford
Articles by Maurer Faculty
No abstract provided.
Evidence: Survey Of Recent Developments In Indiana Law, J. Alexander Tanford
Evidence: Survey Of Recent Developments In Indiana Law, J. Alexander Tanford
Articles by Maurer Faculty
With rare exceptions, Indiana evidence law progresses slowly and holds closely to the traditional concepts of the common law. This Survey Article collects the several important cases decided during the past year that continue this development of Indiana's common law of evidence. A general word of caution is in order concerning the Indiana appellate courts' evidence cases. Most evidence issues arise in criminal cases, in which convicted defendants allege error in the admission of evidence against them or in the exclusion of evidence offered in their defense. A ruling in favor of the defendant could result in the reversal of …
The Business Papers Rule: Personal Privacy And White Collar Crime, John S. Applegate
The Business Papers Rule: Personal Privacy And White Collar Crime, John S. Applegate
Articles by Maurer Faculty
No abstract provided.
Constitutional Protection For Private Papers, Craig M. Bradley
Constitutional Protection For Private Papers, Craig M. Bradley
Articles by Maurer Faculty
No abstract provided.
Admissibility Of Evidence Under Indiana's "Common Scheme Or Plan" Exception, Thomas Quigley
Admissibility Of Evidence Under Indiana's "Common Scheme Or Plan" Exception, Thomas Quigley
Indiana Law Journal
No abstract provided.
Hardin And Medvid: A Change In Indiana's Entrapment Law, Michael Hyatte
Hardin And Medvid: A Change In Indiana's Entrapment Law, Michael Hyatte
Indiana Law Journal
No abstract provided.
Easy Cases, Bad Law, And Burdens Of Proof, Roger B. Dworkin
Easy Cases, Bad Law, And Burdens Of Proof, Roger B. Dworkin
Articles by Maurer Faculty
No abstract provided.