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Articles 1 - 30 of 37
Full-Text Articles in Evidence
Restoring Causality In Attenuation: Establishing The Breadth Of A Fourth Amendment Violation, Bryan H. Ward
Restoring Causality In Attenuation: Establishing The Breadth Of A Fourth Amendment Violation, Bryan H. Ward
West Virginia Law Review
When the police violate a suspect’s Fourth Amendment rights, what often follows is the discovery of incriminating evidence. Sometimes the evidence is discovered directly after the Fourth Amendment violation. In other situations, the evidence comes by a more indirect route and may occur long after the original Fourth Amendment violation. Courts struggle when trying to decide if the discovery of this indirectly obtained evidence was caused by the police misconduct. This causal question is important because causality acts as a limiting principle when deciding when to apply the exclusionary rule. A basic view of the exclusionary rule suggests that evidence …
Rock And Hard Place Arguments, Jareb Gleckel, Grace Brosofsky
Rock And Hard Place Arguments, Jareb Gleckel, Grace Brosofsky
Seattle University Law Review
This Article explores what we coin “rock and hard place” (RHP) arguments in the law, and it aims to motivate mission-driven plaintiffs to seek out such arguments in their cases. The RHP argument structure helps plaintiffs win cases even when the court views that outcome as unfavorable.
We begin by dissecting RHP dilemmas that have long existed in the American legal system. As Part I reveals, prosecutors and law enforcement officials have often taken advantage of RHP dilemmas and used them as a tool to persuade criminal defendants to forfeit their constitutional rights, confess, or give up the chance to …
The Fourth Amendment Inventory As A Check On Digital Searches, Laurent Sacharoff
The Fourth Amendment Inventory As A Check On Digital Searches, Laurent Sacharoff
Sturm College of Law: Faculty Scholarship
Police and federal agents generally must obtain a warrant to search the tens of thousands of devices they seize each year. But once they have a warrant, courts afford these officers broad leeway to search the entire device, every file and folder, all metadata and deleted data, even if in search of only one incriminating file. Courts avow great reverence for the privacy of personal information under the Fourth Amendment but then claim there is no way to limit where an officer might find the target files, or know where the suspect may have hidden them.
These courts have a …
Restrictions On Law Enforcement Investigation And Prosecution Of Crime, Paul Marcus
Restrictions On Law Enforcement Investigation And Prosecution Of Crime, Paul Marcus
Paul Marcus
No abstract provided.
Utah V. Strieff: The Gratuitous Expansion Of The Attenuation Doctrine, Courtney Watkins
Utah V. Strieff: The Gratuitous Expansion Of The Attenuation Doctrine, Courtney Watkins
Maryland Law Review Online
No abstract provided.
Mass Suppression: Aggregation And The Fourth Amendment, Nirej Sekhon
Mass Suppression: Aggregation And The Fourth Amendment, Nirej Sekhon
Georgia Law Review
The FourthAmendment's exclusionary rule requires that
criminal courts suppress evidence obtained as a result of
an unconstitutionalsearch or seizure. The Supreme Court
has repeatedly stated that suppression is purely
regulatory, not remedial. Its only purpose is to deter
future police misconduct, not to remedy past privacy or
liberty harms suffered by the defendant. Exclusion, in
other words, is for the benefit of community members who
might, sometime in the future, be subject to police
misconduct like that endured by the defendant.
Exclusion's regulatory purpose would be greatly aided if
criminal courts could identify when a suppression motion
involved Fourth Amendment …
Notice And Standing In The Fourth Amendment: Searches Of Personal Data, Jennifer Daskal
Notice And Standing In The Fourth Amendment: Searches Of Personal Data, Jennifer Daskal
Articles in Law Reviews & Other Academic Journals
In at least two recent cases, courts have rejected service providers' capacity to raise Fourth Amendment claims on behalf of their customers. These holdings rely on longstanding Supreme Court doctrine establishing a general rule against third parties asserting the Fourth Amendment rights of others. However, there is a key difference between these two recent cases and those cases on which the doctrine rests. The relevant Supreme Court doctrine stems from situations in which someone could take action to raise the Fourth Amendment claim, even if the particular thirdparty litigant could not. In the situations presented by the recent cases, by …
Newsroom: Goldstein On Drug Databases 6-27-2016, Sheri Qualters, Roger Williams University School Of Law
Newsroom: Goldstein On Drug Databases 6-27-2016, Sheri Qualters, Roger Williams University School Of Law
Life of the Law School (1993- )
No abstract provided.
Evidence Laundering In A Post-Herring World, Kay L. Levine, Jenia I. Turner, Ronald F. Wright
Evidence Laundering In A Post-Herring World, Kay L. Levine, Jenia I. Turner, Ronald F. Wright
Faculty Journal Articles and Book Chapters
The Supreme Court’s decision in Herring v. United States authorizes police to defeat the Fourth Amendment’s protections through a process we call evidence laundering. Evidence laundering occurs when one police officer makes a constitutional mistake when gathering evidence and then passes that evidence along to a second officer, who develops it further and then delivers it to prosecutors for use in a criminal case. When courts admit the evidence based on the good faith of the second officer, the original constitutional taint disappears in the wash.
In the years since Herring was decided, courts have allowed evidence laundering in a …
Dna Storage Banks: The Importance Of Preserving Dna Evidence To Allow For Transparency And The Preservation Of Justice, Cristina Martin
Dna Storage Banks: The Importance Of Preserving Dna Evidence To Allow For Transparency And The Preservation Of Justice, Cristina Martin
Chicago-Kent Law Review
What is the duty to preserve information in today’s society? In order for humanity to evolve, change and flourish in the future, society needs to preserve its information from the past. In the criminal justice field, preservation of evidence has special significance. DNA evidence in particular has become a helpful aid for innocent defendants who have been improperly imprisoned. Over the past twenty years, the number of exonerations of imprisoned criminal defendants has increased dramatically. With the advancement of technology, old, previously untestable or improperly tested DNA evidence will need to be retested. However, most states do not have proper …
Storming The Castle: Fernandez V. California And The Waning Warrant Requirement, Joshua Bornstein
Storming The Castle: Fernandez V. California And The Waning Warrant Requirement, Joshua Bornstein
Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review
No abstract provided.
Using The Dna Testing Of Arrestees To Reevaluate Fourth Amendment Doctrine, Steven P. Grossman
Using The Dna Testing Of Arrestees To Reevaluate Fourth Amendment Doctrine, Steven P. Grossman
All Faculty Scholarship
With the advent of DNA testing, numerous issues have arisen with regard to obtaining and using evidence developed from such testing. As courts have come to regard DNA testing as a reliable method for linking some people to crimes and for exonerating others, these issues are especially significant. The federal government and most states have enacted statutes that permit or direct the testing of those convicted of at least certain crimes. Courts have almost universally approved such testing, rejecting arguments that obtaining and using such evidence violates the Fourth Amendment.
More recently governments have enacted laws permitting or directing the …
Section 6: Criminal, Institute Of Bill Of Rights Law, William & Mary Law School
Section 6: Criminal, Institute Of Bill Of Rights Law, William & Mary Law School
Supreme Court Preview
No abstract provided.
The Exclusionary Rule As A Symbol Of The Rule Of Law, Jenia I. Turner
The Exclusionary Rule As A Symbol Of The Rule Of Law, Jenia I. Turner
SMU Law Review
Throughout South America, Southern and Eastern Europe, and East Asia, more than two dozen countries have transitioned to democracy since the 1980s. A remarkable number of these have adopted an exclusionary rule (mandating that evidence obtained unlawfully by the government is generally inadmissible in criminal trials) as part of broader legal reforms. Democratizing countries have adopted exclusionary rules even though they are not required to do so by any international treaty and there is no indication that there is widespread popular demand for such rules. This has occurred at a time when the rule has been weakened in the United …
Eavesdropping Under New York And Federal Law: How New York Is Departing From Long-Standing Interpretations Mirroring Federal Law - People V. Rabb, Bailey Ince
Touro Law Review
No abstract provided.
Do Automobile Passengers Have A Legitimate Expectation Of Privacy? An Analysis Of Reasonable Expectation Under The Fourth Amendment - People V. Howard, Lisa Belrose
Touro Law Review
No abstract provided.
A Parent's "Apparent" Authority: Why Intergenerational Coresidence Requires A Reassessment Of Parental Consent To Search Adult Children's Bedrooms, Hillary B. Farber
A Parent's "Apparent" Authority: Why Intergenerational Coresidence Requires A Reassessment Of Parental Consent To Search Adult Children's Bedrooms, Hillary B. Farber
Faculty Publications
The proliferation of multigenerational U.S. households provides a new perspective on the social customs and practices concerning coresidence in the United States. Rather than relying outdated presumptions of parental control, this Article argues that police should be compelled to conduct a more thorough inquiry before searching areas occupied exclusively by the adult child. Police should differentiate between "common" and private areas, and inquire into any agreements - formal or informal - that the parent and child may have regarding access and control over such areas. By fully recognizing the changing nature of the American household and rejecting a bare reliance …
How Accountability-Based Policing Can Reinforce - Or Replace - The Fourth Amendment Exclusionary Rule, David A. Harris
How Accountability-Based Policing Can Reinforce - Or Replace - The Fourth Amendment Exclusionary Rule, David A. Harris
Articles
In Hudson v. Michigan, a knock-and-announce case, Justice Scalia's majority opinion came close to jettisoning the Fourth Amendment exclusionary rule. The immense costs of the rule, Scalia said, outweigh whatever benefits might come from it. Moreover, police officers and police departments now generally follow the dictates of the Fourth Amendment, so the exclusionary rule has outlived the reasons that the Court adopted it in the first place. This viewpoint did not become the law because Justice Kennedy, one member of the five-vote majority, withheld his support from this section of the opinion. But the closeness of the vote on …
The Constable Blunders But Isnt Punished Does Hudson V Michigans Abolition Of The Exclusionary Rule Extend Beyond Knockandannounce Violations, Mark A. Summers
The Constable Blunders But Isnt Punished Does Hudson V Michigans Abolition Of The Exclusionary Rule Extend Beyond Knockandannounce Violations, Mark A. Summers
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Using Suppression Hearing Testimony To Prove Good Faith Under United States V. Leon, John E. Taylor
Using Suppression Hearing Testimony To Prove Good Faith Under United States V. Leon, John E. Taylor
Law Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Criminal Law, Marla Graff Decker, Stephen R. Mccullough
Criminal Law, Marla Graff Decker, Stephen R. Mccullough
University of Richmond Law Review
No abstract provided.
Criminal Law And Procedure, Julie E. Mcconnell, Gregory Franklin, Craig Winston Stallard
Criminal Law And Procedure, Julie E. Mcconnell, Gregory Franklin, Craig Winston Stallard
University of Richmond Law Review
No abstract provided.
Restrictions On Law Enforcement Investigation And Prosecution Of Crime, Paul Marcus
Restrictions On Law Enforcement Investigation And Prosecution Of Crime, Paul Marcus
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Prior Restraint Of Expression Through The Private Search Doctrine, Edward J. Eberle
Prior Restraint Of Expression Through The Private Search Doctrine, Edward J. Eberle
Law Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Capacity To Contest A Search And Seizure: The Passing Of Old Rules And Some Suggestions For New Ones, Christopher Slobogin
Capacity To Contest A Search And Seizure: The Passing Of Old Rules And Some Suggestions For New Ones, Christopher Slobogin
Vanderbilt Law School Faculty Publications
Professor Slobogin examines recent Supreme Court decisions involving standing to challenge search and seizure violations, and argues that the Court's commitment to a "totality of the circumstances" approach has permitted erosion of fourth amendment protections. After concluding that these decisions provide little guidance to lower courts, Professor Slobogin offers a set of principles which will aid in analyzing the Court's direction.
Constitutional Protection For Private Papers, Craig M. Bradley
Constitutional Protection For Private Papers, Craig M. Bradley
Articles by Maurer Faculty
No abstract provided.
United States V. Payner, Lewis F. Powell Jr.
United States V. Payner, Lewis F. Powell Jr.
Supreme Court Case Files
No abstract provided.
Commonwealth Of Massachusetts V. White, Lewis F. Powell Jr.
Commonwealth Of Massachusetts V. White, Lewis F. Powell Jr.
Supreme Court Case Files
No abstract provided.
An Examination Of The Naming Requirement Of Tittle Iii In Light Of United States V. Donovan - A Case For Suppression, William D. Goldberg
An Examination Of The Naming Requirement Of Tittle Iii In Light Of United States V. Donovan - A Case For Suppression, William D. Goldberg
Villanova Law Review
No abstract provided.