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Full-Text Articles in Criminal Law

Historia, Maendeleo Na Mabadiliko Ya Katiba Tanzania Tangu Uhuru Hadi Miaka Hamsini Ya Uhuru 9 Desemba 2011., Daudi Mwita Nyamaka Mr. Dec 2011

Historia, Maendeleo Na Mabadiliko Ya Katiba Tanzania Tangu Uhuru Hadi Miaka Hamsini Ya Uhuru 9 Desemba 2011., Daudi Mwita Nyamaka Mr.

Daudi Mwita Nyamaka Mr.

Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania ni nchi iliyotokana na nchi mbili za Tanganyika na Zanzibari mwaka 1964, tangu uhuru wa Tanganyika 1961 na uhuru wa Zanzibari 1963 pamekuwapo na maendeleo ya kikatiba kwa upande wa Muungano na kwa Zanzibari ambayo hatuna budi kuyatazama kwa mapana yake hasa juu ya ushirikishwaji wa watu katika kuzipata katiba hizi.


Electronic Contracts In Tanzania: An Appraisal Of The Legal Framework, Daudi Mwita Nyamaka Mr. Nov 2011

Electronic Contracts In Tanzania: An Appraisal Of The Legal Framework, Daudi Mwita Nyamaka Mr.

Daudi Mwita Nyamaka Mr.

The concern of our study was to examine the legal basis for electronic contracts in Tanzania. The major problems that were being examined are; the ascertainment of e-contract terms and the other party in the contract with the focus to consent i.e. consensus ad idem requirements and capacity to contract. With the first problem, e-commerce involves e-contracts and the business community in Tanzania enters into contractual arrangements with external world via websites or email in which case the electronic environment is not suitable in Tanzania in terms of the laws and the technology. Messages sent via internet may be garbled …


Unanswered Questions Of A Minority People In International Law: A Comparative Study Between Southern Cameroons & South Sudan, Bernard Sama Mr Oct 2011

Unanswered Questions Of A Minority People In International Law: A Comparative Study Between Southern Cameroons & South Sudan, Bernard Sama Mr

Bernard Sama

The month July of 2011 marked the birth of another nation in the World. The distressful journey of a minority people under the watchful eyes of the international community finally paid off with a new nation called the South Sudan . As I watched the South Sudanese celebrate independence on 9 July 2011, I was filled with joy as though they have finally landed. On a promising note, I read the UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon saying “[t]ogether, we welcome the Republic of South Sudan to the community of nations. Together, we affirm our commitment to helping it meet its …


Ownership Unbundling In European Energy Market & Legal Problems Under Eu Law, Michael Diathesopoulos Sep 2011

Ownership Unbundling In European Energy Market & Legal Problems Under Eu Law, Michael Diathesopoulos

Michael Diathesopoulos

In this paper we will examine the issue of ownership unbundling and forced divestiture remedies imposed in a series of recent competition law cases of the energy market - examined in other papers - in relation to the possible existence of a series of legal obstacles. These energy market decisions belong to a group of antitrust cases in which a structural divestiture remedy has been imposed under the provisions of Article 9 of Regulation 1/2003. This divestiture refers to transmission networks and to generation capacity and is meant to lead to severe structural changes, which are compatible with the findings …


Social Contract Theory Of John Locke (1932-1704) In The Contemporary World, Daudi Mwita Nyamaka Mr. Jun 2011

Social Contract Theory Of John Locke (1932-1704) In The Contemporary World, Daudi Mwita Nyamaka Mr.

Daudi Mwita Nyamaka Mr.

The 17th century period was marked by an attempt to erect effective safeguard against violations of natural law by governments. Law in this period was conceptualized as an instrument for the prevention of autocracy and despotism. Absolutism in Europe that was associated with governmental encroachments necessitated a strong shield of individual liberty. In this period legal theory placed the main emphasis on liberty, thus the law was to render governments capable of functioning as a guarantor of individual rights. This paper aims at examining the social contract theory of the 17th-century English philosopher, John Locke, its parameters, limitations and its …


From Here To There: U.S. Export Reform, William Alan Nelson Ii, Correen Wood Jun 2011

From Here To There: U.S. Export Reform, William Alan Nelson Ii, Correen Wood

William Alan Nelson II

No abstract provided.


Competition Law And Sector Regulation In The European Energy Market After The Third Energy Package: Hierarchy And Efficiency, Michael Diathesopoulos Apr 2011

Competition Law And Sector Regulation In The European Energy Market After The Third Energy Package: Hierarchy And Efficiency, Michael Diathesopoulos

Michael Diathesopoulos

The aim of this research is to provide the basic parameters for a model for the definition of the relation between the general competition and sector specific frameworks and rules regarding the regulation of the Internal Energy Market, especially after the Third Energy Package. The research considers the recent sector specific framework in relation to a series of recent competition law cases of the Energy Market where structural remedies were applied under the commitments procedure. Essential facilities doctrine and generally competition law tools do not seem to provide a suitable framework for effectively addressing the dynamic competition concept, treating the …


Legal Outlier, Again? U.S. Felon Suffrage: Comparative And International Human Rights Perspectives, Reuven (Ruvi) Ziegler Apr 2011

Legal Outlier, Again? U.S. Felon Suffrage: Comparative And International Human Rights Perspectives, Reuven (Ruvi) Ziegler

Dr. Reuven (Ruvi) Ziegler

The judiciousness of American felon suffrage policies has long been the subject of scholarly debate, not least due to the large number of affected Americans: an estimated 5.3 million citizens are ineligible to vote as a result of a criminal conviction. This article offers comparative law and international human rights perspectives and aims to make two main contributions to the American and global discourse. After an introduction in Part I, Part II offers comparative law perspectives on challenges to disenfranchisement legislation, juxtaposing U.S. case law against recent judgments rendered by courts in Canada, South Africa, Australia, and by the European …


Corporate Obligations Under The Human Right To Water, Jernej Letnar Cernic Mar 2011

Corporate Obligations Under The Human Right To Water, Jernej Letnar Cernic

Jernej Letnar Černič

Almost a billion people do not have access to clean and safe water. Access to safe drinking water and sanitation is increasingly being considered a fundamental human right. Corporations play an important role in the realization of the right to water. For example, they can become violators of the right to water where their activities deny access to clean and safe water or where water prices increase without warning. Corporations can have a positive or negative impact on the human rights of individuals, wider communities and indigenous peoples. This paper argues that corporations bear a certain responsibility for the realization …


Appellate Jurisdiction Of The Supreme Court Of India, Mubashshir Sarshar Jan 2011

Appellate Jurisdiction Of The Supreme Court Of India, Mubashshir Sarshar

Mubashshir Sarshar

No abstract provided.


Islamic Banking In India, Mubashshir Sarshar Jan 2011

Islamic Banking In India, Mubashshir Sarshar

Mubashshir Sarshar

No abstract provided.


Child Labour In India, Mubashshir Sarshar Jan 2011

Child Labour In India, Mubashshir Sarshar

Mubashshir Sarshar

No abstract provided.


Escrow Mechanism Under Foreign Direct Investment, Mubashshir Sarshar Jan 2011

Escrow Mechanism Under Foreign Direct Investment, Mubashshir Sarshar

Mubashshir Sarshar

No abstract provided.


Environmental Refugees, Mubashshir Sarshar Jan 2011

Environmental Refugees, Mubashshir Sarshar

Mubashshir Sarshar

No abstract provided.


Laws Relating To Data Protection In India, Mubashshir Sarshar Jan 2011

Laws Relating To Data Protection In India, Mubashshir Sarshar

Mubashshir Sarshar

No abstract provided.


The Right To Legal Representation And Equality Before The Law In Criminal Proceedings In Botswana, Rowland Cole Jan 2011

The Right To Legal Representation And Equality Before The Law In Criminal Proceedings In Botswana, Rowland Cole

rowland cole

Undeniably, the right to legal representation is crucial to the maintenance of balance and equality during criminal trials. An unrepresented accused is put at significant disadvantage vis-à-vis the state, which has trained prosecutors to prosecute crime. Under such circumstances, miscarriages of justice are bound to occur and the prospect of conviction is more likely than not. The central purpose of criminal proceedings, the desire of convicting the guilty and setting the innocent free, becomes a farce. However, this article cites the constitutional provision relating to the right to legal protection in Botswana as an obstacle to the right to meaningful …


Submission Fiona David And Anne Gallagher Regarding Law Reform Australian Trafficking In Persons Law, Fiona M. David Ms, Anne T. Gallagher Dr Jan 2011

Submission Fiona David And Anne Gallagher Regarding Law Reform Australian Trafficking In Persons Law, Fiona M. David Ms, Anne T. Gallagher Dr

Fiona David

This is a submission made in response to a discussion paper issued by the Australian Government, "The Criminal Justice Response to Slavery and People Trafficking; Reparation; and Vulnerable Witness Protections". This submission comments on the compliance of Australian law with the UN Protocol against Trafficking in Persons, supplementing the UN Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, notes gaps in the legal framework and provides recommendations for reform.


Progress Report On Criminal Justice Responses To Trafficking In Persons In The Asean Region, Fiona M. David Ms, Anne T. Gallagher Dr, Albert Moskowitz, Paul Holmes Jan 2011

Progress Report On Criminal Justice Responses To Trafficking In Persons In The Asean Region, Fiona M. David Ms, Anne T. Gallagher Dr, Albert Moskowitz, Paul Holmes

Fiona David

This Report examines the criminal justice response to trafficking in the ASEAN / South East Asian Region, with a specific focus on: - legal frameworks - specialist investigative capacity - front line capacity to identify and respond to trafficking - prosecutorial and judicial capacity - victim identification and support - special support to victim's as witnesses - international legal cooperation. For each chapter, the authors have provided a detailed overview of the relevant standards that have emerged through a combination of international, regional and national law and policy as well as accepted good practices within and beyond the ASEAN region. …


Can We Find And Stop The "Jihad Janes"?, Diane Webber Jan 2011

Can We Find And Stop The "Jihad Janes"?, Diane Webber

Diane Webber

Two female American citizens, Colleen LaRose, a.k.a. “Jihad Jane” and Jamie Paulin-Ramirez, whose appearance and passports allow them to blend into Western society, currently represent “one of the worst fears” of intelligence and FBI analysts who work to identify terrorist threats. On both sides of the Atlantic, similar problems exist of homegrown terrorism and radicalization, and the internet has a huge impact on these issues. This paper examines the tools available to the U.S. and the U.K. to find and stop potential homegrown terrorists from perpetrating catastrophic acts of terror. After assessing the differences between U.S. and U.K. law, I …