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Articles 1 - 27 of 27
Full-Text Articles in Criminal Law
Responses To The Ten Questions, Mary Ellen O'Connell
Responses To The Ten Questions, Mary Ellen O'Connell
Mary Ellen O'Connell
No abstract provided.
Enhancing The Status Of Non-State Actors Through A Global War On Terror?, Mary Ellen O'Connell
Enhancing The Status Of Non-State Actors Through A Global War On Terror?, Mary Ellen O'Connell
Mary Ellen O'Connell
Soon after September 11, President Bush declared a global war on terrorism and members of terrorist groups "combatants." These declarations are not only generally inconsistent with international law; they also reverse the trend regarding the legal status of international non-state actors. For decades, law-abiding non-state actors, such as international humanitarian aid organizations, enjoyed ever-expanding rights on the international plane. Professor Schachter observed how this trend came at the expense of the nation-state. He also predicted, however, that the nation-state would not fade away any time soon. And, by the late Twentieth Century, the trend toward enhanced status was noticeably slowing. …
Unfunding Terror - Perspectives On Unfunding Terror (Panel One), Jimmy Gurule
Unfunding Terror - Perspectives On Unfunding Terror (Panel One), Jimmy Gurule
Jimmy Gurule
According to the FBI, the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks against the World Trade Center and the Pentagon that claimed the lives of 2,973 innocent civilians required as much as $500,000 to stage. At the time, al Qaeda, the jihadi terrorist organization responsible for the mass killings, was operating on an annual budget between $30 and $50 million. However, despite the obvious fact that terrorists need money to support their terrorist operations and organizational infrastructure, prior to 9/11, preventing the financing of terrorism was not a priority for the United States or international community. Moreover, a comprehensive legal framework to …
Pretrial And Preventive Detention Of Suspected Terrorists: Options And Constraints Under International Law, Douglass Cassel
Pretrial And Preventive Detention Of Suspected Terrorists: Options And Constraints Under International Law, Douglass Cassel
Douglass Cassel
No abstract provided.
Chasing Bits Across Borders, Patricia L. Bellia
Chasing Bits Across Borders, Patricia L. Bellia
Patricia L. Bellia
As computer crime becomes more widespread, countries increasingly confront difficulties in securing evidence stored in electronic form outside of their borders. These difficulties have prompted two related responses. Some states have asserted a broad power to conduct remote cross-border searches - that is, to use computers within their territory to access and examine data physically stored outside of their territory. Other states have pressed for recognition of a remote cross-border search power in international fora, arguing that such a power is an essential weapon in efforts to combat computer crime. This Article explores these state responses and develops a framework …
Border Searches In The Age Of Terrorism, Robert M. Bloom
Border Searches In The Age Of Terrorism, Robert M. Bloom
Robert Bloom
This article will first explore the history of border searches. It will look to the reorganization of the border enforcement apparatus resulting from 9/11 as well as the intersection of the Fourth Amendment and border searches generally. Then, it will analyze the Supreme Court's last statement on border searches in the Flores-Montano27 decision, including what impact this decision has had on the lower courts. Finally, the article will focus on Fourth Amendment cases involving terrorism concerns after 9/11, as a means of drawing some conclusions about the effect the emerging emphasis on terrorism and national security concerns will likely have …
Rights, Culture, And Crime: The Role Of Rule Of Law For The Women Of Afghanistan, Mark A. Drumbl
Rights, Culture, And Crime: The Role Of Rule Of Law For The Women Of Afghanistan, Mark A. Drumbl
Mark A. Drumbl
This Article explores the role of rule of law in redressing crimes and human rights abuses committed against the women of Afghanistan. Mainstream discourse approaches the situation binarily, obliging women to choose between international and often distant human rights, on the one hand, or proximate cultural/religious norms, on the other, in order to adjudicate gender crimes. This can lead either to externalized justice or, in the case of the implementation of Afghan local law, to renewed victimization of women in the name of redressing abuses suffered by other women. Local law in Afghanistan is reflected in codes such as the …
A Spectrum Of International Criminal Procedure: Shifting Patterns Of Power Distribution, Jessica S. Peake
A Spectrum Of International Criminal Procedure: Shifting Patterns Of Power Distribution, Jessica S. Peake
Jessica S Peake
International criminal procedure is characterized by a fundamental structural shift in the allocation of power between the actors in a criminal trial – the judges, Prosecution and defense - away from that traditionally ascribed under an adversarial system and towards the power distribution structure more common to the inquisitorial system. By looking at the Statutes and RPEs of the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY), the International Criminal Court (ICC) and the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC), it is possible to identify varying degrees of power shifts in each court: across each we see a …
The Crisis Of A Legal Framework: Protection Of Victims Of Human Trafficking In The Bulgarian Legislation, Vladislava Stoyanova
The Crisis Of A Legal Framework: Protection Of Victims Of Human Trafficking In The Bulgarian Legislation, Vladislava Stoyanova
Vladislava Stoyanova
The Council of Europe Group of Experts on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings reported that in Bulgaria no adult victim of human trafficking received any assistance and that no adult victim was granted a reflection period. A close examination of the Bulgarian legislative framework could explain this unpromising picture. In this article, I develop three arguments in relation to the Bulgarian legislation on protection of trafficked persons. First, in some respects, Bulgaria has failed to fulfil its international obligations. Second, the national legal framework regulating the conditions under which trafficked person are assisted and protected is surrounded by legal …
The New Moral Turpitude Test: Failing Chevron Step Zero, Mary Holper
The New Moral Turpitude Test: Failing Chevron Step Zero, Mary Holper
Mary Holper
In the waning days of the Bush administration, Attorney General Michael Mukasey decided In re Silva-Trevino, in which he reversed over a century of immigration law precedent by creating a new moral turpitude test. He abandoned the well-entrenched "categorical approach," the mechanism by which immigration judges decide whether a noncitizen is removable for a criminal conviction, and allowed judges to engage in a factual inquiry of whether an offense involves moral turpitude. The Attorney General made such a broad, sweeping change through a process that allowed no input from affected parties, including the individual whose case became the new precedent. …
Power-Sharing, Post-Electoral Contestations, And The Dismemberment Of The Right To Democracy In Africa, Rowland Cole
Power-Sharing, Post-Electoral Contestations, And The Dismemberment Of The Right To Democracy In Africa, Rowland Cole
rowland cole
While Africa has made recent significant democratic gains, the problem of rigged elections tends to persist. Elections in Africa mostly tend to lack transparency and are often skewed in favour of the incumbent. Recent events on the continent have shown the tendency of incumbents to manipulate electoral processes so as to remain in power. This often leads to violent backlash from those who believe that they have been robbed of electoral victory. In some instances, the violence has spiralled out of control, requiring regional intervention. The African Union (AU) tends to resolve these disputes by resorting to power-sharing. However, power-sharing …
Accountability For System Criminality, Mark A. Drumbl
'Lesser Evils' In The War On Terrorism, Mark A. Drumbl
'Lesser Evils' In The War On Terrorism, Mark A. Drumbl
Mark A. Drumbl
No abstract provided.
The Expressive Value Of Prosecuting And Punishing Terrorists: Hamdan, The Geneva Conventions, And International Criminal Law, Mark A. Drumbl
The Expressive Value Of Prosecuting And Punishing Terrorists: Hamdan, The Geneva Conventions, And International Criminal Law, Mark A. Drumbl
Mark A. Drumbl
In Hamdan v. Rumsfeld, the United States Supreme Court ruled that the military commissions that had been proposed by the Executive to prosecute a small number of detainees captured in the 'war on terror' could not proceed. In response to the Hamdan decision, Congress enacted a new military commission structure in the 2006 Military Commissions Act (MCA), which President Bush signed on October 17, 2006. The MCA establishes military commissions for aliens classified as unlawful enemy combatants. It lists the crimes chargeable by such commissions. The MCA also amends domestic legislation - for example, the War Crimes Act - initially …
Looking Up, Down And Across: The Icty's Place In The International Legal Order, Mark A. Drumbl
Looking Up, Down And Across: The Icty's Place In The International Legal Order, Mark A. Drumbl
Mark A. Drumbl
Not available.
Victimhood In Our Neighborhood: Terrorist Crime, Taliban Guilt, And The Asymmetries Of The International Legal Order, Mark A. Drumbl
Victimhood In Our Neighborhood: Terrorist Crime, Taliban Guilt, And The Asymmetries Of The International Legal Order, Mark A. Drumbl
Mark A. Drumbl
This Article posits that the September 11 attacks constitute nonisolated warlike attacks undertaken against a sovereign state by individuals from other states operating through a non-state actor with some command and political structure. This means that the attacks contain elements common to both armed attacks and criminal attacks. The international community largely has characterized the attacks as armed attacks. This characterization evokes a legal basis for the use of force initiated by the United States and United Kingdom against Afghanistan on October 7, 2001. Notwithstanding the successes of the military campaign and the need for containment of terrorist activity, this …
Pluralizing International Criminal Justice, Mark A. Drumbl
Pluralizing International Criminal Justice, Mark A. Drumbl
Mark A. Drumbl
This Review Essay of Philippe Sands' (ed.) From Nuremberg to the Hague (2003) explores a number of controversial aspects of the theory and praxis of international criminal law. The Review Essay traces the extant heuristic of international criminal justice institutions to Nuremberg and posits that the Nuremberg experience suggests the need for modesty about what criminal justice actually can accomplish in the wake of mass atrocity. It also explores the place of one person's guilt among organic crime, the reality that international criminal law may gloss over criminogenic conditions in its pursuit of individualized accountability, the possibility of group sanction …
Collective Violence And Individual Punishment: The Criminality Of Mass Atrocity, Mark A. Drumbl
Collective Violence And Individual Punishment: The Criminality Of Mass Atrocity, Mark A. Drumbl
Mark A. Drumbl
There is a recent proliferation of courts and tribunals to prosecute perpetrators of genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity. The zenith of this institution-building is the permanent International Criminal Court, which came into force in 2002. Each of these new institutions rests on the foundational premise that it is appropriate to treat the perpetrator of mass atrocity in the same manner that domestic criminal law treats the common criminal. The modalities and rationales of international criminal law are directly borrowed from the domestic criminal law of those states that dominate the international order. In this Article, I challenge this …
Por Um Law No Mundo: Fundamentos Jusfilosóficos Do Instituto Da Adoção Como Direito Humano, Paulo Barrozo
Por Um Law No Mundo: Fundamentos Jusfilosóficos Do Instituto Da Adoção Como Direito Humano, Paulo Barrozo
Paulo Barrozo
Este ensaio articula os fundamentos jusfilosóficos do direito humano e cosmopolita dos jovens privados de autêntica relação pais-filhos de serem adotados, tendo assim acesso à experiência de crescer como fihas ou filhos. Esta visão jusfilosófica da adoção como direito humano é contraposta à abordagem, até então predominante, consequencialista-filantrópica da adoção. Uma vez apresentados os fundamentos jusfilosóficos em questão, cinco principais distinções emergem entre a adoção como direito humano e a visão tradicional da adoção. Primeiro, a perspectiva da adoção como direito humano reconhece o fato de que negligência e abuso de jovens é proporcionalmente e em termos absolutos mais frequente …
“Germans Are The Lords And Poles Are The Servants”: The Trial Of Arthur Greiser In Poland, 1946, Mark Drumbl
“Germans Are The Lords And Poles Are The Servants”: The Trial Of Arthur Greiser In Poland, 1946, Mark Drumbl
Mark A. Drumbl
No abstract provided.
The Innocent Defendant’S Dilemma: An Innovative Empirical Study Of Plea Bargaining’S Innocence Problem, Lucian Dervan, Vanessa Edkins
The Innocent Defendant’S Dilemma: An Innovative Empirical Study Of Plea Bargaining’S Innocence Problem, Lucian Dervan, Vanessa Edkins
Lucian E Dervan
In 1989, Ada JoAnn Taylor was accused of murder and presented with stark options. If she pleaded guilty, she would be rewarded with a sentence of ten to forty years in prison. If, however, she proceeded to trial and was convicted, she would likely spend the rest of her life behind bars. Over a thousand miles away in Florida and more than twenty years later, a college student was accused of cheating and presented with her own incentives to admit wrongdoing and save the university the time and expense of proceeding before a disciplinary review board. Both women decided the …
What May Be The Possible Reservations Of Turkey To Access The Icc Rome Statute, Devrim Aydin
What May Be The Possible Reservations Of Turkey To Access The Icc Rome Statute, Devrim Aydin
devrim aydin
No abstract provided.
Impunity Writ Large: A Study Of Crimes Committed During Anti-Veerappan Operations, Saumya Uma
Impunity Writ Large: A Study Of Crimes Committed During Anti-Veerappan Operations, Saumya Uma
Dr. Saumya Uma
Integrating Victims' Rights In The Indian Legal Framework, Saumya Uma
Integrating Victims' Rights In The Indian Legal Framework, Saumya Uma
Dr. Saumya Uma
Enforcement Of Foreign Restraining Orders, Stefan D. Cassella
Enforcement Of Foreign Restraining Orders, Stefan D. Cassella
Stefan D Cassella
Legislation in the United States now permits the federal courts to register and enforce orders issued by foreign courts for the purpose of preserving assets that are subject to forfeiture under foreign law.
This article discusses the problems the United States encountered when it first attempted to enact and apply legisation designed to facilitate the enforcement of foreign asset-preservation orders, the remedial legislation enacted to address those problems, and the recent success the U.S. government has had under the new legislation in restraining assets at the request of foreign courts so that they may be forfeited under foreign law.
Perspectives On Crimes Of Sexual Violence In International Law.Pdf, Susana L. Sacouto
Perspectives On Crimes Of Sexual Violence In International Law.Pdf, Susana L. Sacouto
Susana L. SáCouto
The Crisis Of A Definition: Human Trafficking In Bulgarian Law, Vladislava Stoyanova
The Crisis Of A Definition: Human Trafficking In Bulgarian Law, Vladislava Stoyanova
Vladislava Stoyanova
This article develops two arguments. First, at a national level in Bulgaria, the human trafficking framework is inoperable for identifying abuses worthy of consideration. By comparing the Bulgarian criminal law definition of human trafficking with the international law definition, I argue that the national criminal law definition is overly inclusive. This state of the Bulgarian criminal law makes it difficult to undertake a realistic assessment of the problem. Second, I submit that because the focus in Bulgaria has been exclusively directed towards the crime of human trafficking, the fact that the abuses of slavery, servitude and forced labour as such …