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Articles 1 - 15 of 15
Full-Text Articles in Commercial Law
Coordination Of The Uniform Commercial Code And Common Law, Kenneth C. Kettering
Coordination Of The Uniform Commercial Code And Common Law, Kenneth C. Kettering
University of Cincinnati Law Review
Deciding whether an issue that is in the ambit of a statute should be resolved by reference to the statute alone, or whether other sources of law should be applied, is a common interpretative task. The Uniform Commercial Code ("UCC") contains rules of interpretation that address the subject, and those rules have not been altered since the UCC was first generally enacted. Nevertheless, questions often arise on the subject under the UCC. This paper examines the UCC rules on point. The analysis is germane to the interpretation and drafting of other statutes that codify rules of private law.
Bringing Continuity To Cryptocurrency: Commercial Law As A Guide To The Asset Categorization Of Bitcoin, Evan Hewitt
Bringing Continuity To Cryptocurrency: Commercial Law As A Guide To The Asset Categorization Of Bitcoin, Evan Hewitt
Seattle University Law Review
This Note will undertake to analyze bitcoin under the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) and the Internal Revenue Code (IRC)—two important sources of commercial law—to see whether any existing asset categories adequately protect bitcoin’s commercial viability. This Note will demonstrate that although commercial law dictates that bitcoin should—nay must—be regulated as a currency in order to sustain its existence, the very definition of currency seems to preclude that from happening. Therefore, this Note will recommend that we experiment with a new type of asset that receives currency-like treatment, specifically designed for cryptocurrencies, under which bitcoin can be categorized in order to …
Section 542(C) Of The Bankruptcy Reform Act Of 1978 And Section 4-303 Of The Ucc: A Less Than Perfect Fit?, John P. Finan
Section 542(C) Of The Bankruptcy Reform Act Of 1978 And Section 4-303 Of The Ucc: A Less Than Perfect Fit?, John P. Finan
Akron Law Review
The Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) 4-303 addresses two areas where the UCC and the Bankruptcy Code intersect. The first relates to the vulnerability of drawee banks that honor checks after their customer has taken bankruptcy (has filed a voluntary petition or is the defendant in an involuntary case); the second relates to the timing of transfers made by check under 547 of the Bankruptcy Code (the preference section). In both areas there is a less than perfect fit between the Bankruptcy Code and UCC 4-303. The first area poses problems for practitioners whose clients have received notice of bankruptcy in …
Debtor's Defense To A Deficiency Judgment Under Ucc , Gail Clifford Hutton
Debtor's Defense To A Deficiency Judgment Under Ucc , Gail Clifford Hutton
Pepperdine Law Review
No abstract provided.
Ucc And Me In Process, Ingrid Michelsen Hillinger
Ucc And Me In Process, Ingrid Michelsen Hillinger
Ingrid Michelsen Hillinger
No abstract provided.
Rights Of Subrogation In Letters Of Credit Transactions, James J. White
Rights Of Subrogation In Letters Of Credit Transactions, James J. White
Articles
The past twenty years have seen more than a dozen cases, in which parties to letter of credit transactions have sought subrogation to the rights of the person they have paid or to the rights of the persons on behalf of whom, they have acted.' The most obvious case arises when the issuer of a standby letter of credit pays a beneficiary on a debt that is owed to the beneficiary by a bankrupt applicant. Having failed to take 'collateral from the applicant, the issuer seeks to be subrogated to the security interest of the beneficiary. Failing subrogation, the issuer …
Revising Article 9 To Reduce Wasteful Litigation, James J. White
Revising Article 9 To Reduce Wasteful Litigation, James J. White
Articles
For reasons that are unclear to me, the committees reviewing the articles of the Uniform Commercial Code and drafting revisions are congenitally conservative. Perhaps these committees take their charge too seriously, namely, to revise, not to revolutionize. Perhaps their intimate knowledge of the subject matter exaggerates the importance of each section and consequently magnifies the apparent size of every change. In any case, my own experience with two such committees tells me that the members quickly become focused on revisions and amendments that any outsider would describe as modest. To the extent that the revision of any of the articles …
The Malformed Mouse Meets The Libr: Secured And Restitutionary Claims To Commingled Funds, Harold R. Weinberg
The Malformed Mouse Meets The Libr: Secured And Restitutionary Claims To Commingled Funds, Harold R. Weinberg
Law Faculty Scholarly Articles
The "malformed mouse" is section 9-306(4)(d) of the Uniform Commercial Code. It provides a formula that determines the extent to which an insolvent debtor's commingled bank account contains funds subject to a security interest. A special entitlement is necessary because it is impossible to physically distinguish this collateral after commingling. The label malformed mouse is appropriate if one agrees with critics who have questioned the mouse's statutory architecture and underlying rationale. The image of an elusive creature is also apt. The mouse continues to elude understanding, although it has been part of the Code for many years and the subject …
Efficiency Justifications For Personal Property Security, James J. White
Efficiency Justifications For Personal Property Security, James J. White
Articles
In February of 1983 Pan American World Airways issued 100 million dollars of convertible secured notes. As security for these notes it put up three Boeing 747 SP aircraft, two 747-100 aircraft, and one McDonnell Douglas DC10-30. The appraised value of these aircraft was 157 million dollars. To the extent possible under the law, Pan American made these aircraft subject to the claims of the owners of the new notes. On default, the note holders would have the first claim on these aircraft, would have the right to repossess them outside of bankruptcy, and would have the right to the …
The Efficacy Of Guaranty Contracts In Sophisticated Commercial Transactions, Peter A. Alces
The Efficacy Of Guaranty Contracts In Sophisticated Commercial Transactions, Peter A. Alces
Faculty Publications
Even though contracts of guaranty are not subject to uniform standards of interpretation throughout the states, both case law and statutory development have tended to evidence a strong sympathy for the guarantor. In spite of this trend, Professor Alces suggests that creditors' counsel can, through careful drafting, do much to assure the enforceability of the guaranty contract. A scrupulously structured guaranty contract, one that anticipates possible defenses to liability in explicit terms, may well be upheld, even in cases in which guarantors occupied weak negotiating positions vis-a-vis creditors. Moreover, the attack on the guaranty as a fraudulent conveyance under section …
The Recent Erosion Of The Secured Creditor's Rights Through Cases, Rules And Statutory Changes In Bankruptcy Law, James J. White
The Recent Erosion Of The Secured Creditor's Rights Through Cases, Rules And Statutory Changes In Bankruptcy Law, James J. White
Articles
One can view the law of creditors' rights as a series of cyclesin which alternatively the rights of the creditor and then those of the debtor are in ascendancy. Looking back through Americanlegislative history, one sees both the state legislatures and the Congress intervening on behalf of debtors in a variety of ways onmany occasions. An early example of such intervention was the enactment, particularly in the Midwest and West, of generous exemption laws that removed a variety of property beyond the reach of general creditors. A second example is the enactment of usury laws, which continue to be a …
The Priority Conflict Between A Purchase Money Security Interest And A Prior Security Interest In Future Accounts Receivable, Howell J. Reeves
The Priority Conflict Between A Purchase Money Security Interest And A Prior Security Interest In Future Accounts Receivable, Howell J. Reeves
Vanderbilt Law Review
Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code established an exhaustive scheme for the determination and control of security interest in personal property and fixtures' which is now the law of all but one of the states and the District of Columbia Not the least momentous of the provisions in Article 9 are those that govern priorities among conflicting security interests in the same collateral. The purpose of this inquiry is to examine the rules of priority that the U.C.C. provides for a conflict between the holder of a purchase money security interest in inventory and proceeds and a holder of …
Bankruptcy Preferences-Secured Transactions-Security Interest In After-Acquired Property Is Voidable Preference If Received Within Four Months Of Bankruptcy-In Re Portland Newspaper Publishing Co., Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
In an effort to provide employment for several hundred workers who had lost their jobs in an unsuccessful strike against Portland's two largest newspapers, the local printers' unions and several civic leaders organized the Portland Reporter Publishing Co. (Reporter) to publish a rival newspaper. The unions also formed the Rose City Development Co. (Rose City), which leased facilities and equipment to Reporter and subsequently made several emergency operating loans to it. These loans were secured by an agreement designating as collateral all of Reporter's previously unsecured accounts receivable, both present and after-accruing. This type of agreement -securing after-acquired property of …
Reclamation Of Goods From A Fradulent Buyer, Robert Braucher
Reclamation Of Goods From A Fradulent Buyer, Robert Braucher
Michigan Law Review
Sections 2-702(2) and (3) of the Uniform Commercial Code (Code), defining the right of a seller to reclaim goods from an insolvent buyer, have for years been the subject of controversy. The sponsors of the Code have stood firm on the basic policy of these sections for more than twenty-five years, but, in its 1966 Official Recommendations for Amendment of the Uniform Commercial Code, the Permanent Editorial Board includes an amendment striking the words "or lien creditor" from section 2-702(3). That change has already been made in six states: California, Illinois, Maine, New Jersey, New Mexico, and New York. In …
The Trustee In Bankruptcy As A Secured Creditor Under The Uniform Commercial Code, Frank R. Kennedy
The Trustee In Bankruptcy As A Secured Creditor Under The Uniform Commercial Code, Frank R. Kennedy
Michigan Law Review
The thesis of this article is that a trustee cannot exploit the advantage of the lien or security of any creditor unless he can avoid it and displace a creditor. Moreover, when he can and does avoid a lien and displace a creditor, he can enforce the rights of that creditor as against any lien or interest otherwise indefeasible in bankruptcy only to the extent of the lien or security of the creditor he displaces.