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Civil Rights and Discrimination Commons™
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Articles 1 - 24 of 24
Full-Text Articles in Civil Rights and Discrimination
Freedom For Ramsey Muniz, Chicano Political Prisoner, Ruben B. Botello Jd
Freedom For Ramsey Muniz, Chicano Political Prisoner, Ruben B. Botello Jd
Ruben B Botello JD
SUBJECT: Ramsey Muniz, Prisoner #40288-115 Mr. President: We pray you and your loved ones are doing well. The 1994 Three Strikes law used, to sentence Mr. Ramsey Muniz (Federal Prisoner #40288-115) should never have been applied to his case according to U.S. Assistant Attorney General Jo Ann Harris. (see her below 1995 Memo to all U.S. lawyers) Furthermore, this federal Three Strikes law now held unconstitutional by the U.S. Supreme Court, in Johnson vs. United States, June 26, 2015 (see http://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/14pdf/13-7120_p86b.pdf). It was enacted, to put serious violent felons behind bars for life, not defendants like Mr. Muniz who was …
Deported To Die? Applying The Categorical Approach To The "Particularly Serious Crime" Bar, Fatma E. Marouf
Deported To Die? Applying The Categorical Approach To The "Particularly Serious Crime" Bar, Fatma E. Marouf
Fatma E Marouf
A noncitizen who has been convicted of a “particularly serious crime” can be deported to a country where there is a greater than fifty percent chance of persecution or death. Yet the Board of Immigration Appeals (BIA) has not provided a clear test for determining what is a “particularly serious crime.” The current test, which combines an examining of the elements of the crime with a fact-specific inquiry, has led to arbitrary and unpredictable decisions about what types of offense are “particularly serious.” This Article argues that the categorical approach for analyzing convictions should be applied to the particularly serious …
Hegelian Dialectical Analysis Of United States Election Laws, Charles E. A. Lincoln Iv
Hegelian Dialectical Analysis Of United States Election Laws, Charles E. A. Lincoln Iv
Charles E. A. Lincoln IV
This Article uses the dialectical ideas of German philosopher Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770-1833) in application to the progression of United States voting laws since the founding. This analysis can be used to interpret past progression of voting rights in the US as well as a provoking way to predict the future trends in US voting rights. First, Hegel’s dialectical method is established as a major premise. Second, the general accepted history of United States voting laws from the 1770s to the current day is laid out as a minor premise. Third, the major premise of Hegel’s dialectical method weaves …
The High Price Of Poverty: A Study Of How The Majority Of Current Court System Procedures For Collecting Court Costs And Fees, As Well As Fines, Have Failed To Adhere To Established Precedent And The Constitutional Guarantees They Advocate., Trevor J. Calligan
Trevor J Calligan
No abstract provided.
Beyond The Written Constitution: A Short Analysis Of Warren Court, Thiago Luis Sombra
Beyond The Written Constitution: A Short Analysis Of Warren Court, Thiago Luis Sombra
Thiago Luís Santos Sombra
This essay propose an analysis about how Warren Court became one of the most particular in American History by confronting Jim Crow law, especially by applying the Bill of Rights. In this essay, we propose an analysis of how complex the unwritten Constitution is. Cases like Brown vs. Board of Education will be analyzed from a different point of view to understand the methods of the Court.
Beyond The Written Constitution: A Short Analysis Of Warren Court, Thiago Luis Santos Sombra
Beyond The Written Constitution: A Short Analysis Of Warren Court, Thiago Luis Santos Sombra
Thiago Luís Santos Sombra
This essay propose an analysis about how Warren Court became one of the most particular in American History by confronting Jim Crow law, especially by applying the Bill of Rights. In this essay, we propose an analysis of how complex the unwritten Constitution is. Cases like Brown vs. Board of Education will be analyzed from a different point of view to understand the methods of the Court.
"You Miss 100% Of The Shots You Never Take": Virginia High School League's Policy Violates Title Ix By Preventing Transgender Student Athletes From Taking A Shot At Participating In Athletics, Sarah M. Jacques
Sarah M Jacques
No abstract provided.
Federal Programs And The Real Costs Of Policing, Rachel A. Harmon
Federal Programs And The Real Costs Of Policing, Rachel A. Harmon
Rachel A. Harmon
Dozens of federal statutes authorize federal agencies to give money and power to local police departments and municipalities in order to improve public safety. While these federal programs encourage better coordination of police efforts and make pursuing public safety less financially costly for local communities, they also encourage harmful policing. Of course, policing often interferes with our interests in autonomy, privacy, and property, and those harms are often worthwhile in exchange for security and order. Federal public safety programs, however, are designed, implemented, and evaluated without reference to the nonbudgetary costs of policing. When those costs are high, federal programs …
Free Exercise For Whom? -- Could The Religious Liberty Principle That Catholics Established In Perez V. Sharp Also Protect Same-Sex Couples' Right To Marry?, Eric Alan Isaacson
Free Exercise For Whom? -- Could The Religious Liberty Principle That Catholics Established In Perez V. Sharp Also Protect Same-Sex Couples' Right To Marry?, Eric Alan Isaacson
Eric Alan Isaacson
Recent discussions about the threat that same-sex couples hypothetically pose to the religious freedom of Americans whose religions traditions frown upon same-sex unions have largely overlooked the possibility that same-sex couples might have their own religious-liberty interest in being able to marry. The General Synod of the United Church of Christ brought the issue to the fore with an April 2014 lawsuit challenging North Carolina laws barring same-sex marriages. Authored by a lawyer who represented the California Council of Churches and other religions organizations as amici curiae in recent marriage-equality litigation, this article argues that although marriage is a secular …
Scarce Medical Resources – Parenthood At Every Age, In Every Case And Subsidized By The State?, Yehezkel Margalit
Scarce Medical Resources – Parenthood At Every Age, In Every Case And Subsidized By The State?, Yehezkel Margalit
Hezi Margalit
The dilemma of scarce medical resources is deeply rooted in the ancient mankind history, but it has been accelerated in the modern era with the appearance of the bio-medical innovations. This acute dilemma is relevant to all the western developed states, include Israel. Nevertheless, in one field there is the notion that Israel has unlimited medical resources – the fulfillment of its citizen's procreation and parenthood rights. Thus, for sociological, demographical, religious and security reasons the State of Israel invests a vast amount of money to develop and use the various fertility treatments. Israel, today, has the highest per capita …
Ambedkar And Constituent Assembly, Vivek Kumar Srivastava Dr.
Ambedkar And Constituent Assembly, Vivek Kumar Srivastava Dr.
Vivek Kumar Srivastava Dr.
Ambedkar was instrumental in drafting of India constitution but he had his own vision for the constitution.
The Hypocrisy Of "Equal But Separate" In The Courtroom: A Lens For The Civil Rights Era, Jaimie K. Mcfarlin
The Hypocrisy Of "Equal But Separate" In The Courtroom: A Lens For The Civil Rights Era, Jaimie K. Mcfarlin
Jaimie K. McFarlin
This article serves to examine the role of the courthouse during the Jim Crow Era and the early stages of the Civil Rights Movement, as courthouses fulfilled their dual function of minstreling Plessy’s call for “equality under the law” and orchestrating overt segregation.
Semantic Reversal: Individual, Person, Individualism, Individualization And Subject Of Fundamental Right, Brunela V. Vincenzi
Semantic Reversal: Individual, Person, Individualism, Individualization And Subject Of Fundamental Right, Brunela V. Vincenzi
Brunela V Vincenzi
Based upon the theory of justice, founded on reciprocal and cooperative recognition, this study seeks to demonstrate that there are alternative means of dispute resolution within the spheres of family and work, which produce binding decisions that are accepted by the parties to the conflict as fair. At the same time, it also seeks to demonstrate that certain conflicts cannot be withdrawn from the purview and judgment of the State Judiciary System, with the goal of reestablishing the confidence that individuals have in the decision-making system of the state legal system.
Discouraging Police Use Of Choke-Holds In California, Catherine L. Rucker
Discouraging Police Use Of Choke-Holds In California, Catherine L. Rucker
Catherine L Rucker
This resolution would discourage police use of choke-holds by eliminating the training and testing modules for choke holds from the California Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training (POST) curriculum. Video of the fatal choke-hold: http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/video/2014/dec/04/i-cant-breathe-eric-garner-chokehold-death-video. See 1:20 min to 1:40 min. In April, 2015, the CCBA posted this resolution as series 8, number 10 at: http://calconference.org/html/wp-content/Resolutions/2015/Series%2008%20-%20Criminal%20II.pdf For more information about the Conference of California Bar Associations, visit www.calconference.org
All Divergence Is Local: A Historical Reconceptualization Of Interest Convergence As A National Phenomenon Tempered By The Realities Of Local Racial Politics, Robert Parrish
Robert Parrish
No abstract provided.
The Future Of Voting Rights In Indian Country Following Shelby County And Inter Tribal Council Of Arizona, Jeanette Wolfley
The Future Of Voting Rights In Indian Country Following Shelby County And Inter Tribal Council Of Arizona, Jeanette Wolfley
Jeanette Wolfley
No abstract provided.
Does The Right To Elective Abortion Include The Right To Ensure The Death Of The Fetus?, Stephen G. Gilles
Does The Right To Elective Abortion Include The Right To Ensure The Death Of The Fetus?, Stephen G. Gilles
Stephen G Gilles
Is the right to an elective abortion limited to terminating the woman’s pregnancy, or does it also include the right to ensure the death of the fetus? Important as this question is in principle, in today’s world the conduct that would squarely raise it cannot occur in practice. The right to elective abortion applies only to fetuses that are not viable, which by definition means that they have been determined to have no realistic chance of surviving outside the uterus. Even if abortion providers used fetus-sparing methods rather than the fetus-killing methods they currently prefer, pre-viable fetuses would die within …
Note: Unpaid Interns & The Practice Of Unprotected Working: Building From A History Of Learning On The Job, Troy D. Warner
Note: Unpaid Interns & The Practice Of Unprotected Working: Building From A History Of Learning On The Job, Troy D. Warner
Troy D Warner
Student interns are provided protection from gender discrimination and sexual harassment in their student capacity by Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (CRA), and as employees by Title IX of the CRA. However unpaid student interns are neither considered students nor employees, and thus slip through the cracks of coverage provided by Titles VII & IX. They are working unprotected by the law from sexual harassment and sexual discrimination. The Department of Labor has two classifications created by regulations, which provide protections to workers not legally employees, just as unpaid interns are not employees.
The Department of …
The Ncaa's Transgender Student-Athlete Policy: How Attempting To Be More Inclusive Has Led To Gender And Gender Identity Discrimination, Elliot S. Rozenberg
The Ncaa's Transgender Student-Athlete Policy: How Attempting To Be More Inclusive Has Led To Gender And Gender Identity Discrimination, Elliot S. Rozenberg
Elliot S Rozenberg
No abstract provided.
Theory Of Transparency: The Right To Know, Amartya Shrivastava Mr.
Theory Of Transparency: The Right To Know, Amartya Shrivastava Mr.
Amartya Shrivastava
Any governments functioning and merit is determined by the extent of faith and trust imposed by the governed citizens. This can be achieved by having maximum transparency a\of government working and functions. This can be acquired using various tools one which is the information legislation passed in the various countries. These legislations are a cause of mutual development, as it enables and empowers people. The true essence of democracy lies in empowering people as it is people’s rule. Thus, if we to understand democracy, we need to understand the government. Transparency is a decisive factor when it comes to accountability …
Rights, Privileges, And The Future Of Marriage, Adam Macleod
Rights, Privileges, And The Future Of Marriage, Adam Macleod
Adam MacLeod
On the eve of its final triumph, has the cause of marriage equality fallen short? This essay discusses persistent differences in the incidents that attach to same-sex marriages versus man-woman marriages. It examines these in light of the distinction between fundamental rights and concessions of privilege in marriage law, and in common law constitutionalism generally. The Obergefell majority's premise that the marriage right is created and conferred by positive law renders the rights and duties of same-sex marriage unstable. By contrast, the rights and duties of the natural family have proven surprisingly resilient, despite their incompatibility with full marriage equality, …
Searching For Equity Amid A System Of Schools: The View From New Orleans, Robert A. Garda Jr.
Searching For Equity Amid A System Of Schools: The View From New Orleans, Robert A. Garda Jr.
Robert A. Garda
Hurricane Katrina leveled both the buildings and governance structure of the New Orleans school system. The system was transformed from one elected school board controlling nearly all the schools to a system of schools with sixty-three school districts operating within the city’s geographic boundaries that are run by forty-four independent school boards. There is not a more decentralized school governance structure in the United States. This article discusses how this new system of schools is attempting to achieve equal educational opportunities for its most vulnerable and at-risk student populations: the poor, minorities, students with disabilities, and English Language Learners.
For …
La Discriminación Por Edad: Cuando El Paso Del Tiempo Afecta Tener Un Empleo, Silvia Roxana Sotomarino
La Discriminación Por Edad: Cuando El Paso Del Tiempo Afecta Tener Un Empleo, Silvia Roxana Sotomarino
Silvia Roxana Sotomarino
Discrimination is due to human conduct individual and social groups (and even the States) that is nothing new. What is new is the awareness of its existence, regulation and mechanisms of protection against it. History and our own experience shows the qualitative changes in the way of dealing with others due to certain circumstances
Studying Is Dangerous? Possible Federal Remedies For Study Abroad Liability, Robert J. Aalberts, Chad G. Marzen, Darren A. Prum
Studying Is Dangerous? Possible Federal Remedies For Study Abroad Liability, Robert J. Aalberts, Chad G. Marzen, Darren A. Prum
Chad G. Marzen
Every year, thousands of U.S. students study abroad for academic credit. Study abroad programs have traditionally garnered strong congressional support, and proponents of the programs emphasize the educational, cultural, and diplomatic benefits from study abroad experiences.
Despite the many benefits of study abroad programs, risks are incurred overseas. In the past several years, a number of incidents have resulted in which students studying abroad have not only incurred physical harm, but in some instances have died while enrolled in a study abroad program. The current liability standards governing study abroad programs are murky. This article not only discusses the various …