Law Commons^™

Doj Adds Revisionist Dollop To '82 Merger Guidelines, Joe Sims, Robert H. Lande

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No abstract provided.

Involuntary Servitude: The Current Enforcement Of Employee Covenants Not To Compete – A Proposal For Reform, Phillip J. Closius, Henry M. Schaffer

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A covenant not to compete is a contractual restriction upon an individual's ability to compete with another person or entity following the termination of some transaction or relationship between the two. Because of the increasing emphasis in the American economy on technically skilled employees and service oriented businesses, the covenant not to compete has become a standard addition to employment contracts. Moreover, the number of litigated and reported cases may represent only a small percentage of the actual number of employment restrictions currently in force. Regardless of their validity and enforceability, covenants not to compete chill the free movement of …

Public Land Banking And Mount Laurel Ii — Can There Be A Symbiotic Relationship?, Cassandra Jones Havard

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The story behind the litigation that produced two decisions in Southern Burlington County NAACP v. Township of Mount Laurel may accurately be told in terms of plans having gone awry. The New Jersey Supreme Court invalidated the two attempts by Mount Laurel to regulate land through the implementation of fiscal zoning ordinances. In its most recent decision, Mount Laurel II, the court imposed upon communities a state constitutional obligation to provide adequate housing opportunities for low- and moderate-income families. Mount Laurel II thus defines the constitutional limitations on a municipality's power to regulate land. It also establishes a supporting corollary: …

State Adoption Of Federal Law - Legislative Abdication Or Reasoned Policymaking?, Arnold Rochvarg

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There is little doubt that in order to best fulfill public policy goals,

coordination between the federal and state governments is

desirable.' Coordination has been sought over the years, for example,

by federal grants-in-aid, and the enactment of federal laws which are

dependent upon state law. One technique which has been employed

by the states to further coordinate state and federal law is incorporation

of federal law into state law. Although it is beyond question that

there is no constitutional problem when a state legislature adopts

existing federal law or regulations: constitutional questions do arise

when a state attempts to …

Afterword: Could A Merger Lead To Both A Monopoly And A Lower Price?, Alan A. Fisher Ph.D., Robert H. Lande, Walter Vandaele

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This article demonstrates that significant net efficiencies from a merger could cause prices to decrease, even if the merger results in a monopoly. The article also shows that a price focus would require substantially more efficiencies to justify an otherwise anticompetitive merger than would an efficiency focus (in other words, it re-does the Williamsonian merger tradeoff, using price to consumers instead of net efficiencies as its focus). We demonstrate this by calculating how large the necessary efficiency gains would have to be to prevent price increases under different market conditions.

Efficiency Considerations In Merger Enforcement, Alan A. Fisher Ph.D., Robert H. Lande

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This is one of the first articles to demonstrate that the primary goal of antitrust is neither exclusively to enhance economic efficiency, nor to address any social or political factor. Rather, the overriding intent behind the merger laws was to prevent prices to purchasers from rising due to mergers (a wealth transfer concern). This is the first article to show how to analyze mergers with this goal in mind. Doing so challenges the fundamental underpinnings of Williamsonian merger analysis (which assumes mergers should be evaluated only in terms of net efficiency effects).

In this and three related articles we re-do …

Warrantless Investigative Searches And Seizures Of Automobiles And Their Contents, Steven A.G. Davison

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No abstract provided.

Not At The Behest Of Nonlabor Groups: A Revised Prognosis For A Maturing Sports Industry, Phillip J. Closius

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For most of its history, professional athletics was governed by the unilateral decisions of team owners acting in a league format. In the last twelve years, however, a variety of sporting groups, through access to the judicial system and a changed perception of the legal status of sports, have forced the owners to share the power and wealth derived from the games. Players, unions, agents and rival leagues all now participate, in some form, in the decisions which will shape the future of sports. In the course of this growth, the sports industry has matured into a national business possessed …

Digest Of (1982) Eugrz Parts 1-24, Harvey Morrell

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No abstract provided.

Fourth Amendment And Statutory Limitations On Entry And Inspection Of Commercial Property In Environmental Enforcement, Steven A.G. Davison

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No abstract provided.

Wealth Transfers As The Original And Primary Concern Of Antitrust: The Efficiency Interpretation Challenged, Robert H. Lande

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Chicago School antitrust policy rests upon the premise that the sole purpose of antitrust is to promote economic efficiency. This article shows that this foundation is flawed. The fundamental purpose of antitrust is to protect consumers. To protect purchasers from paying supracompetitive prices when they buy goods or services. This is the "wealth transfer," "theft", "consumer welfare" or "purchaser protection" explanation for antitrust.

The article shows that the efficiency view originated in a detailed analysis of the legislative history of the Sherman Act undertaken by Robert Bork. Bork purported to show that Congress only cared about enhancing economic efficiency.

To …

Commentary: Rummel V. Estelle: Mockingbirds Among The Brethren, Kenneth Lasson

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In this commentary Professor Lasson discusses the Supreme Court's decision in Rummel v. Estelle and reveals a poignant personal memorandum that reflects the analysis of human values necessarily performed by whichever Justice cast the deciding vote.

The First Amendment And The Cable Television Operator: An Unprotective Shield Against Public Access Requirements, Michael I. Meyerson

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This article focuses on the question of whether state-imposed public access requirements violate the First Amendment rights of the cable television operator. The author suggests that the appropriate analysis asks whether the law abridges expression the First Amendment was meant to protect. In other words, do cable access requirements abridge speech safeguarded by the First Amendment? The article demonstrates that such requirements do not hinder, but in fact further, fundamental First Amendment interests. Finally, the article shows that access requirements fulfill the standards of the constitutional tests for each classification into which they could be placed.

Commentary: Rummel V. Estelle: Mockingbirds Among The Brethren, Kenneth Lasson

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In this commentary Professor Lasson discusses the Supreme Court's decision in Rummel v. Estelle and reveals a poignant personal memorandum that reflects the analysis of human values necessarily performed by whichever Justice cast the deciding vote.

The Uncertain Search For A Design Defect Standard, Steven A.G. Davison

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No abstract provided.

Constitutionalizing Forfeiture Law—The German Example, James Maxeiner

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This article demonstrates how German criminal law has made forfeiture of objects used in crime consistent with constitutional guarantees.

Bane Of American Forfeiture Law—Banished At Last?, James Maxeiner

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This article refutes the claimed historical bases for criminal law in rem forfeiture.

Survey Of Criminal Procedure — Alternative Dispositions Of Defendants, Charles Shafer

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The criminal justice system provides various alternatives for the disposition of criminal defendants. Three of these alternatives, pretrial intervention, drug treatment, and probation, were dealt with in recent New Jersey Supreme Court decisions. The court examined the substantive criteria and procedures used in assigning each disposition and focused primarily on the desire to provide rehabilitative opportunities for each defendant. This note will examine those decisions and the implications of the court's concentration on the goal of rehabilitation.

A History Of Appalachian Coal Mines, Kenneth Lasson

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This portion of the study discusses the social and economic antecedents of today's Appalachian coal industry. The time covered includes from pre-history up to the date of the study (1972).

The Legal Control Of Population Growth And Distribution In A Quality Environment: The Land Use Alternatives, Richard D. Lamm, Steven A.G. Davison

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No abstract provided.

The Asphalting Of America: How The Government Subsidizes Highway Pollution In The Boswash Smog Bank, James Sullivan, Kenneth Lasson

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This article discusses the problem of air and noise pollution caused by motor vehicles circa the time of the article's writing (1972), and the public interest in dealing with these problems, in the light of federal government's conflicting interest in creating more roads. Mentioned is the fact that construction of more highways seems to be the federal government's answer to traffic congestion, while another point of view is that more highways encourages a rise in the number of motor vehicles on those roads. The article ends with some suggestions for how to deal with these problems.

Two Workers, Kenneth Lasson

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This article profiles two individuals who were workers in two distinct industries. The first profile is of Dotty Neal, who at the time of this article's writing, worked for the Chesapeake & Potomac Telephone Company, in Maryland. The nature of her job and work are described, often in her own words. The second profile is of Ray Murdock, who worked as a sanitary worker, or "garbageman," in Boston, MA. Again, the nature of this kind of work is described, often in Murdock's own words. The article shows how much technology has changed in the telecommunications industry, and perhaps how much …

Abortion Reform, Richard D. Lamm, Steven A.G. Davison

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No abstract provided.

Environmental Class Actions Seeking Damages: The Need For Environmental Class Action Suits, Richard D. Lamm, Steven A.G. Davison

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No abstract provided.

Part One: Historical Perspective (Of The Chesapeake Bay), Kenneth Lasson

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This study analyzes the legal problems in the development and management of Chesapeake Bay resources. There are threshold problems of definition - What is Chesapeake Bay? What are its resources? What role does law play in their development and management?

The "Historical Perspective" traces the political controversies that have involved the Bay since the colonies of Maryland and Virginia were first founded. In a rough sense, it defines the traditional resources of the Bay by isolating occasions when individuals, businesses and governmental bodies found themselves at cross-purposes as to how the Bay was to be used and shared.

Religious Freedom And The Church-State Relationship In Maryland, Kenneth Lasson

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Maryland holds the unique and admirable distinction of having been the State whose early history most directly ensured, and whose citizenry was most directly affected by, the first amendment's grant of religious liberty. The Supreme Court's docket is still liberally sprinkled with petitions calling for renewed interpretation of the establishment clause, and Marylanders will soon vote upon a proposed new state constitution with a similar provision - hence, the opportuneness for tracing Maryland's contribution to the cause of toleration and to the principle of church-state separation.

The scope of this article will not extend beyond a sketch of the important …

Comments And Casenotes: To Kill A Mockingbird - Star Decisis And M'Naghten In Maryland, Kenneth Lasson

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There are certain pillars of jurisprudence which, despite the erosive elements of time and progress, remain sacred. After more than a century of judicial dialogue the venerable M'Naghten Rule survives as the prevailing test to determine criminal responsibility. The rule states: "To establish a defense on the ground of insanity, it must be clearly proved that, at the time of the committing of the act, the party accused was labouring under such a defect of reason, from disease of the mind, as not to know the nature and quality of the act he was doing; or if he did know …

Punitive Damages: Punishment Of An Insured Defendant?, Carroway V. Johnson, Kenneth Lasson

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The plaintiff sued the defendant for injuries sustained in an automobile collision and was awarded a judgment in the amount of $5,000 actual damages and $1,500 punitive damages. The defendant's insurance company had refused to defend her in that action or to pay the judgment obtained, relying upon an employee exclusion clause in the policy. The plaintiff thereupon sued the defendant on the judgment, this time joining the insurer as a co-defendant, and won a verdict to recover against the insurer the aforesaid amount. The insurance company appealed, questioning its liability for punitive damages.