Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, …
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, …
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, …
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, …
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, …
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, …
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, …
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, …
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, …
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, …
Environmental Racism, Amerian Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, Amerian Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, the U.S. has …
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, …
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, …
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, …
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, …
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, …
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, …
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, …
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, …
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, …
The North-South Divide In International Environmental Law: Framing The Issues, Carmen G. Gonzalez, Sumudu Atapattu
Aug 2015
The North-South Divide In International Environmental Law: Framing The Issues, Carmen G. Gonzalez, Sumudu Atapattu
Carmen G. Gonzalez
The unprecedented degradation of the planet’s vital ecosystems is among the most pressing issues confronting the international community. Despite the proliferation of legal instruments to combat environmental problems, conflicts between rich and poor nations (the North-South divide) have compromised the effectiveness of international environmental law, leading to deadlocks in environmental treaty negotiations and non-compliance with existing agreements. Through contributions from scholars based in five continents, International Environmental Law and the Global South examines both the historical origins of the North-South divide in European colonialism as well as its contemporary manifestations in a range of issues, including food justice, energy justice, …
International Environmental Law And The Global South, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Aug 2015
International Environmental Law And The Global South, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
The unprecedented degradation of the planet’s vital ecosystems is among the most pressing issues confronting the international community. Despite the proliferation of legal instruments to combat environmental problems, conflicts between rich and poor nations (the North-South divide) have compromised the effectiveness of international environmental law, leading to deadlocks in environmental treaty negotiations and non-compliance with existing agreements. Through contributions from scholars based in five continents, International Environmental Law and the Global South examines both the historical origins of the North-South divide in European colonialism as well as its contemporary manifestations in a range of issues, including food justice, energy justice, …
Human Rights, Environmental Justice, And The North-South Divide, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2014
Human Rights, Environmental Justice, And The North-South Divide, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
From the Ogoni people devastated by oil drilling in Nigeria to the Inuit and other indigenous populations threatened by climate change, communities disparately burdened by environmental degradation are increasingly framing their demands for environmental justice in the language of environmental human rights. However, some scholars have expressed skepticism about the environmental human rights project. First, they remind us that the human rights governance capacity of many states in the global South has been compromised by the neoliberal economic reforms imposed by the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank as well as by trade and investment agreements. Second, they question …
Environmental Justice, Human Rights, And The Global South, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2014
Environmental Justice, Human Rights, And The Global South, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
From the Ogoni people devastated by oil drilling in Nigeria to the Inuit and other indigenous populations threatened by climate change, communities disparately burdened by environmental degradation are increasingly framing their demands for environmental justice in the language of environmental human rights. Domestic and international tribunals have concluded that failure to protect the environment violates a variety of human rights (including the rights to life, health, food, water, property, and privacy; the collective rights of indigenous peoples to their ancestral lands and resources; and the right to a healthy environment).
Some scholars have questioned the utility of the human rights …
Environmental Justice And International Environmental Law, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2012
Environmental Justice And International Environmental Law, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice lies at the heart of many environmental disputes between the global North and the global South as well as grassroots environmental struggles within nations. However, the discourse of international environmental law is often ahistorical and technocratic. It neither educates the North about its inordinate contribution to global environmental problems nor provides an adequate response to the concerns of nations and communities disproportionately burdened by poverty and environmental degradation. This article examines some of the root causes of environmental injustice among and within nations from the colonial period to the present, and discusses several strategies that can be used …
Arctic Justice: Addressing Persistent Organic Pollutants, Prof. Elizabeth Burleson
Jan 2012
Arctic Justice: Addressing Persistent Organic Pollutants, Prof. Elizabeth Burleson
Prof. Elizabeth Burleson
This article recommends enhanced governance of persistent organic pollutants through incentives to develop environmentally sound, climate friendly technologies as well as caution in developing the Arctic. It highlights the toxicity challenges presented by POPs to Arctic people and ecosystems.
Energy Revolution And Disaster Response In The Face Of Climate Change, Prof. Elizabeth Burleson
Jan 2011
Energy Revolution And Disaster Response In The Face Of Climate Change, Prof. Elizabeth Burleson
Prof. Elizabeth Burleson
Nuclear meltdown in Japan and civil society strife across the Middle East highlight the degree to which resilience is core to international peace and security. This article considers the means by which communities can become increasingly resilient through shared best practices across a range of climate change measures.
Collaborative Community-Based Natural Resource Management, Prof. Elizabeth Burleson
Jan 2010
Collaborative Community-Based Natural Resource Management, Prof. Elizabeth Burleson
Prof. Elizabeth Burleson
This article analyzes the importance of increasing civil society actor access to and influence in international legal and policy negotiations, drawing from academic scholarship on governance, conservation and environmental sustainability, natural resource management, observations of civil society actors, and the authors’ experiences as participants in international environmental negotiations.
