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Articles 1 - 30 of 56
Full-Text Articles in Law
Year In Review: 2007'S Most Significant Land Use Cases, John R. Nolon, Jessica A. Bacher
Year In Review: 2007'S Most Significant Land Use Cases, John R. Nolon, Jessica A. Bacher
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
New York courts busily decided a multitude of land use cases due to the increased growth in magnitude and complexity of land use issues. This year, as in the past, the authors provide a summary describing some of the most crucial New York land use cases. This year’s cases include the following topics: review of local board action, takings law, eminent domain, enforcement, jurisdiction, religious land uses, standing, moratoria, and New York’s State Environmental Quality Review Act (SEQRA).
Municipal Lobbying: Regulations May Affect Land Use Practitioners, John R. Nolon
Municipal Lobbying: Regulations May Affect Land Use Practitioners, John R. Nolon
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
Land use and real estate attorneys may find their practice areas impacted by recently passed lobbying legislation in both New York state, and New York City that require burdensome requirements for lawyers whose clients are seeking legislative action. This article explores the history of New York lobbying legislation, recent amendments to the lobbying laws, and the impact that lobbying legislation has on the practice of law. Notably, this review explores Article 1-A of the Legislative Law (known as the “Lobbying Act”) and the Public Employee Ethics Reform Act, both of which expanded the definition of lobbying, and significantly changed the …
Regulating The Poor And Encouraging Charity In Times Of Crisis: The Poor Laws And The Statute Of Charitable Uses, James J. Fishman
Regulating The Poor And Encouraging Charity In Times Of Crisis: The Poor Laws And The Statute Of Charitable Uses, James J. Fishman
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
National crises such as September 11th and Hurricane Katrina resulted in an unprecedented outpouring of charitable generosity by Americans, which was encouraged by the government through tax incentives. This paper examines an earlier period of crisis, Tudor England (1485-1603), where the state encouraged philanthropy as a tool of social and political policy. Certain charitable activities were favored and others disadvantaged to spur private sector resources to resolve public problems.
The article discusses the evolution of the laws regulating the poor, which culminated in the Poor Law Legislation of 1601, a process that developed attitudes toward the poor and concepts of …
Outsiders Looking In: The American Legal Discourse Of Exclusion, Luis E. Chiesa
Outsiders Looking In: The American Legal Discourse Of Exclusion, Luis E. Chiesa
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
In the first part of the article it is pointed out that during the last two hundred years our government has frequently enacted measures that unfairly burden certain social groups during times of crisis. The historical analysis set forth in Part II of this article reveals that adoption of such measures is usually justified by an appeal to national security. Thus, we have been told that we need to exclude some groups from the full protection of our laws in order to guarantee the safety of the rest of the populace. The rest of the article is dedicated to explaining …
The Glass Half Full: Envisioning The Future Of Race Preference Policies, Leslie Yalof Garfield
The Glass Half Full: Envisioning The Future Of Race Preference Policies, Leslie Yalof Garfield
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
Justice Breyer's concern that the Court's June 2007 ruling in Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District. No. 1 "is a decision the Court and nation will come to regret" is not well founded. Far from limiting the constitutionally permissible use of race in education from its present restriction to higher education, the case may allow governmental entities to consider race as a factor to achieve diversity in grades K-12. In Parents Involved, which the Court decided with its companion case, McFarland v. Jefferson County Public Schools four justices concluded that school boards may never consider race when …
Can You Have Your Cake And Eat It Too? Achieving Capital Gain Treatment While Keeping The Property, Ronald H. Jensen
Can You Have Your Cake And Eat It Too? Achieving Capital Gain Treatment While Keeping The Property, Ronald H. Jensen
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
I will attempt to show in this article that the cases and rulings dispensing with the need for a sale or exchange are unjustified under the statutory scheme and prevailing capital gain jurisprudence, and further that such holdings constitute bad policy. Part II will set forth a number of examples, based largely on decided cases, where it has been held or contended that recoveries in excess of basis qualify for capital gain treatment even though the taxpayer did not sell or exchange the property. These cases will illustrate the contexts in which this issue arises and will provide a basis …
Why Practice Management?, Gary A. Munneke
Why Practice Management?, Gary A. Munneke
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
Today, lawyers must regard the practice of law as a business, inasmuch as they earn their livelihood from the practice of law. The marketplace for legal services is a competitive one; not only has the size of the profession more than quadrupled in the past 50 years, but other professions and businesses have also begun to perform services traditionally restricted to lawyers. For example, accounting firms have encroached on tax litigation, banks in the trusts and estates area, and financial planners in estate planning. In a series of cases, the United States Supreme Court has made it clear that lawyers …
Advancing Environmental Law At Pace: A Personal Memoir, A Continuing Challenge, Nicholas A. Robinson
Advancing Environmental Law At Pace: A Personal Memoir, A Continuing Challenge, Nicholas A. Robinson
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
How did an unaccredited law school, admitting its first students in 1976, become renowned as a national and international leader in environmental education in less than three decades? What did Pace have to attract some of America’s brightest and best college graduates to pursue their careers in environmental law in White Plains? Why did Yale Law School’s Dean Anthony Kronman, in 1999, call Pace’s program one to which “other law schools look with admiration and envy…one of the best in the country, indeed the world…”
Each generation of alumni intimately knows the answer to these questions, but through the lenses …
Farming The Ocean, Ann Powers
Farming The Ocean, Ann Powers
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
Was that salmon you ate for lunch caught in the wild, chill waters of the North Atlantic? What about the mussels you had last night? Did they arrive on your table through traditional capture techniques, or were they a product of the fish-farming industry? And if so, does it matter? What else in your daily life might be a result of deliberate culture of once wild species? Protein in your pet's food, gel in your toothpaste and cosmetics, thickener in your pasta sauce, the seaweed in your sushi? For the most part we pay little attention to where our foods …
Estate Planning For Persons With Less Than $5 Million, Bridget J. Crawford
Estate Planning For Persons With Less Than $5 Million, Bridget J. Crawford
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
Individuals of modest wealth may face significant estate taxes but do not have such a large base of wealth that they can 'afford' to make major lifetime gifts or other transfers to reduce estate taxes. But there are planning techniques that can help. Individuals in the ‘modest‘ wealth category face special hurdles in estate planning. This article will assume that the ‘modest‘ wealth category includes individuals whose net worth exceeds the amount of taxable gifts that may be protected by the unified credit (the equivalent of $1 million and herein referred to as the ‘gift tax exemption‘), but does not …
Disaster Mitigation Through Land Use Strategies, John R. Nolon
Disaster Mitigation Through Land Use Strategies, John R. Nolon
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
The devastation wrought by Hurricane Katrina brought to public attention the role of land use planning in mitigating natural disasters and which level or levels of government should decide whether and how to undertake this planning. In the Upper Mississippi River Basin, 6 federal agencies, 23 state agencies in 5 states, and 233 local governments share jurisdiction over various areas of activity on the river; the complexity and disorganization of this legal framework stifles effective action. In this Article, John R. Nolon calls for cooperative federalism and a clarification of agency roles as a remedy for this complexity. Through case …
Zoning, Transportation, And Climate Change, John R. Nolon
Zoning, Transportation, And Climate Change, John R. Nolon
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
On February 2, 2006, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) expressed the consensus of the scientific community that global warming is unequivocal and that its main driver is human activity. On April 7, 2007, the IPCC issued a second report detailing the likely consequences of climate change: widening droughts, more severe storm events, increased inland flooding, sea level rise, and consequent inundation of low lying lands. The Center for Climate Systems Research at Columbia University estimates that sea levels around New York City’s boroughs will increase by five inches by 2030, with some estimates predicting up to 12 inches …
Clustered Zoning Approaches Reduce Congestion, John R. Nolon
Clustered Zoning Approaches Reduce Congestion, John R. Nolon
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
The effect of local zoning on our lives usually goes unnoticed despite its profound influence on human behavior. Zoning controls where we live and work, how we get from point A to point B, and what sort of homes we live in. This article provides examples of successful transit-oriented development projects at the local level as well as how state and federal government can contribute to the clustering effort via financing and research programs as well as providing appropriate infrastructure.
Climate Change As A Global Challenge, Nicholas A. Robinson
Climate Change As A Global Challenge, Nicholas A. Robinson
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Transit Orientation Reduces Car Dependency, John R. Nolon, Jessica A. Bacher
Transit Orientation Reduces Car Dependency, John R. Nolon, Jessica A. Bacher
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
Urban dwellers emit less greenhouse gases per capita than their suburban or rural counterparts because urban environments are conducive to less automobile travel and require less energy to heat or cool their smaller urban living quarters. This article addresses the need for a more comprehensive transit oriented land use paradigm by taking the reader through a step-by-step approach to accomplishing this goal. The suggested model exemplifies the complexity of amending community planning and the importance of incorporating several different groups of people into the planning process. These groups include municipal, state, and federal governments, research groups, developers, and regional transportation …
Integrating The Complexity Of Mental Disability Into The Criminal Law Course, Linda C. Fentiman
Integrating The Complexity Of Mental Disability Into The Criminal Law Course, Linda C. Fentiman
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Green Light For Green Infrastructure, Alexandra Dapolito Dunn
Green Light For Green Infrastructure, Alexandra Dapolito Dunn
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
The International Human Rights Committee: The Global Influence Of The City Bar, Mark R. Shulman
The International Human Rights Committee: The Global Influence Of The City Bar, Mark R. Shulman
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Local Inclusionary Housing Programs: Meeting Housing Needs, John R. Nolon, Jessica A. Bacher
Local Inclusionary Housing Programs: Meeting Housing Needs, John R. Nolon, Jessica A. Bacher
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
This article explores the expansive legal authority that local governments in many states have to meet housing needs directly by providing for the production of new affordable homes. There is not a great deal of scholarship on the subject as we approach it. The emphasis in the academic literature in the field of affordable housing is on top-down, systemic, or theoretical solutions: urging reforms in federal and state finance programs, imploring courts to penalize localities that engage in exclusionary zoning, describing in detail a variety of inclusionary zoning techniques, or explaining relevant theories or the economics of the issue of …
Global Warming: Zoning May Be An Antidote To Climate Change, John R. Nolon, Jessica A. Bacher
Global Warming: Zoning May Be An Antidote To Climate Change, John R. Nolon, Jessica A. Bacher
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
Through the use of transit oriented development (TOD) several New York municipalities have transformed into more sustainable communities by reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Contrary to popular belief, these municipalities proved that reduction of emissions is possible while still expanding economic growth. This article highlights several success stories in a variety of community landscapes beginning with a look at urban redevelopment in Yonkers, White Plains, and New Rochelle, New York, and then transitions to suburban success stories in Orangetown, and several municipalities along the Bear Mountain Parkway.
Adding Colors To The Chameleon: Why The Supreme Court Should Adopt A New Compelling Governmental Interest Test For Race-Preference Student Assignment Plans, Leslie Yalof Garfield
Adding Colors To The Chameleon: Why The Supreme Court Should Adopt A New Compelling Governmental Interest Test For Race-Preference Student Assignment Plans, Leslie Yalof Garfield
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
When the Supreme Court ordered the City of Birmingham to desegregate its schools in 1954, it failed to consider the long range implications of its mandate. School districts across the country responded to the Court’s order by adopting race-preference school assignment plans, created to designate the particular public elementary or secondary school a student should attend. Now that these plans have successfully achieved their goals of desegregating classrooms, the question has become whether the continuation of the very programs that helped achieve those goals remain legal? In other words, as Justice Ginsburg recently said in arguments before the Supreme Court, …
Moot Court In Global Language Of Trade, Mark R. Shulman
Moot Court In Global Language Of Trade, Mark R. Shulman
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
A Warning To States — Accepting This Invitation May Be Hazardous To Your Health (Safety, And Public Welfare): An Analysis Of Post-Kelo, Joshua Ulan Galperin
A Warning To States — Accepting This Invitation May Be Hazardous To Your Health (Safety, And Public Welfare): An Analysis Of Post-Kelo, Joshua Ulan Galperin
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
Focusing on Delaware, this article will argue that the United States Supreme Court's decision in Kelo v. New London gave state legislatures an open invitation to shape their public use frameworks, but their responses must be measured and well-reasoned because the consequences of reactionary legislation may put a stranglehold on state and local governments trying to exercise eminent domain for unanimously accepted public uses. Part I will trace the most pertinent federal jurisprudence through Kelo. Part II will survey Delaware’s public use jurisprudence. Part III will introduce the Delaware General Assembly’s legislative response to Kelo. Part IV will serve as …
The Mighty Myths Of Kelo, John R. Nolon
The Mighty Myths Of Kelo, John R. Nolon
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
The press releases of property rights activists and the media’s rapid embrace of their views have perpetuated several myths about the U.S. Supreme Court’s decision in Kelo v. New London. In the immediate aftermath of this myth making, the legislatures of several states have adopted restrictions on the use of eminent domain with uncharacteristic speed. Wisely, the New York State Legislature has been more cautious in its reaction.
Didden V. Port Chester: Placing Eminent Domain Debate In Proper Perspective, John R. Nolon, Jessica A. Bacher
Didden V. Port Chester: Placing Eminent Domain Debate In Proper Perspective, John R. Nolon, Jessica A. Bacher
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
Controversy often arises when landowners in blighted areas resist government driven urban-renewal condemnation of their property. Often, these urban-renewal areas, the scope of which is determined after extensive study, are condemned and transferred to a private developer who has an overall plan for the entire designated area. This article discusses the issues that arise when private property interests are overridden by public interests and how urban renewal will help revitalize the economies of troubled inner-city regions.
"Forever Wild": New York's Constitutional Mandates To Enhance The Forest Preserve, Nicholas A. Robinson
"Forever Wild": New York's Constitutional Mandates To Enhance The Forest Preserve, Nicholas A. Robinson
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
Professor Robinson explores some of the evident, and also some of the less apparent legal implications that can be drawn from recognizing the implicit “land ethic” that resides within the “forever wild” conception of the Forest Preserve in New York’s Constitution. It is his thesis that the executive branch of State government, our Governors and most of our other State and local authorities, have observed the mandates of Article XIV most shallowly. They have ignored their stewardship duties to promote “forever wild forest lands.” Civic groups, and courts should not only concern themselves with the task of keeping government from …
Trademarks Of Privilege: Naming Rights And The Physical Public Domain, Ann Bartow
Trademarks Of Privilege: Naming Rights And The Physical Public Domain, Ann Bartow
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
This Article critiques the branding and labeling of the physical public domain with the names of corporations, commercial products, and individuals. It suggests that under-recognized public policy conflicts exist between the naming policies and practices of political subdivisions, trademark law, and right of publicity doctrines. It further argues that naming acts are often undemocratic and unfair, illegitimately appropriate public assets for private use, and constitute a limited form of compelled speech. It concludes by considering alternative mechanisms by which the names of public facilities could be chosen.
Environmentalism And The Wisconsin Constitution, Jason J. Czarnezki
Environmentalism And The Wisconsin Constitution, Jason J. Czarnezki
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
With its abundance of natural resources and due to the state's strong environmental policies, Wisconsin has “enjoyed a reputation as a state rich in natural beauty and recreational opportunities.” Yet, despite the state's strong environmental protections, some based upon constitutional principles, this Article addresses whether Wisconsin's environmental constitutional provisions can be improved upon. This Article attempts to evaluate the existing environmental provisions in the Wisconsin Constitution, and considers, looking at a variety of options and sources, whether the state should proceed forward with any changes, minor or major, to environmental law in the Wisconsin Constitution. This Article considers expansion of …
Real Estate Law Review: Creating A Local Environmental Law Program, John R. Nolon
Real Estate Law Review: Creating A Local Environmental Law Program, John R. Nolon
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
Local governments are adopting with increasing frequency local laws to facilitate low-impact development, ensure the construction of green buildings, and coordinate land use and transportation planning to lower greenhouse gas emissions. This builds on their progress over the past two decades in adopting an impressive number of local laws to protect natural resources. These include ordinances designed to protect trees, stands of timber, hillsides, viewsheds, ridgelines, stream beds, wetlands, watersheds, aquifers and water bodies, and wildlife habitat. At the same time, provisions designed to protect environmental features from the adverse impacts of development have been added to basic land use …
A Law Guardian By The Same Name: A Response To Professor Guggenheim's Matrimonial Commission Critique, Merril Sobie
A Law Guardian By The Same Name: A Response To Professor Guggenheim's Matrimonial Commission Critique, Merril Sobie
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
I commence this article with a discussion of the statutory provisions governing the appointment and responsibilities of attorneys who represent children in New York. Part II briefly outlines the chronological implementation from initial enactment through the Matrimonial Commission Report, a period spanning forty-five years. Parts III and IV explore the specific nature of child custody representation and the relationship between the attorney and the child client during the course of a frequently lengthy proceeding. Last, the Commission's conclusions and recommendations are critiqued in Parts V and VI.