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Full-Text Articles in Law
Europe's Role In Alternative Dispute Resolution: Off To A Good Start?, Maud Piers
Europe's Role In Alternative Dispute Resolution: Off To A Good Start?, Maud Piers
Journal of Dispute Resolution
ADR has become a topical issue in contemporary European procedural private law. Over the past fifteen years, European lawmakers have displayed particular interest in extra-judicial dispute resolution methods as part of a broader effort to promote better access to justice. For example, Directive 2008/52 sets out a framework for the use of mediation in cross-border disputes on civil and commercial matters. The European Commission's influential Recommendations 98/257 and 2001/310, which respectively deal with out-of-court dispute settlements and consensual dispute mechanisms, constitute a starting point for constructing a new approach to ADR. In March of 2013, the European Parliament and the …
Principles For Policymaking About Collaborative Law And Other Adr Processes, John M. Lande
Principles For Policymaking About Collaborative Law And Other Adr Processes, John M. Lande
Faculty Publications
This Article articulates a set of principles for policymaking about alternative dispute resolution (ADR) to promote values of process pluralism, choice in dispute resolution processes, and sound decision making. It argues that policymakers should use a dispute system design (DSD) framework in analyzing policy options. DSD involves systematically managing a series of disputes rather than handling individual disputes on an ad hoc basis. It generally includes assessing the needs of disputants and other stakeholders, planning to address those needs, providing necessary training and education for disputants and dispute resolution professionals, implementing the system, evaluating it, and making periodic modifications as …
Adr Clause By Any Other Name Might Smell As Sweet: England's High Court Of Justice Queens Bench Attempts And Fails To Define What Is Not An Enforceable Adr Clause - Cable 7 & (And) Wireless Plc V. Ibm United Kingdom Ltd, An, Alyson Carrel
Journal of Dispute Resolution
The High Court of Justice Queens Bench Division in England issued a ruling that provides sweeping support for the use of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) in private pre-dispute contract clauses.' While this support might seem to aid in developing the growing ADR movement in England, the judge may have put the cart before the horse by enforcing a non-descript and broad ADR contract clause that lacks the specificity needed to ensure a fair outcome. This decision could be detrimental for disputing parties and the future of the ADR movement itself.
Dancing With The One That Brung Us - Why The Texas Adr Community Has Declined To Embrace The Uma, Brian D. Shannon
Dancing With The One That Brung Us - Why The Texas Adr Community Has Declined To Embrace The Uma, Brian D. Shannon
Journal of Dispute Resolution
I readily acknowledge that the UMA is a bold and noble project, and it is certainly the result of substantial effort and compromise. Indeed, I largely concur with the sentiment of Philip Harter that "[tihe UMA is the product of heroic effort that brought together many interests and perspectives to thrash out a workable framework for mediation." That being said, however, much of the Texas mediation community, of which I am a part, has largely opposed enactment of the UMA's framework for our state. As I have written previously, the Alternative Dispute Resolution Section of the State Bar of Texas …
Adr: An Eclectic Array Of Processes, Rather Than One Eclectic Process, Lela P, Love
Adr: An Eclectic Array Of Processes, Rather Than One Eclectic Process, Lela P, Love
Journal of Dispute Resolution
The thesis of this essay is that when mediators try to resolve a controversy by providing their analysis fo the legal - or other- merits, they are providing the service that judges, arbitrators and neutral experts provide. In essence, such endeavors use the neutral's judgment, award or opinion to determine or jump-start a resolution. That add-on activity to mediation should be called by its proper name. This essay will not review the many reasons that a single neutral combining the roles of facilitator and evaluator is problematic, since that has been done extensively elsewhere.' Instead, in part one, we highlight …
Inevitability Of The Eclectic: Liberating Adr From Ideology, The, Jeffrey W. Stempel, Kimberlee K. Kovach
Inevitability Of The Eclectic: Liberating Adr From Ideology, The, Jeffrey W. Stempel, Kimberlee K. Kovach
Journal of Dispute Resolution
In this essay, I continue to argue against such rigid characterization of the mediation enterprise and in favor of what I term an "eclectic" approach to mediation. The eclectic style is one in which a mediator - while maintaining neutrality and impartiality at all times - attempts to both assist the disputants in finding acceptable solutions on their own and also remains free to provide necessary guidance as to the outcomes that might obtain in the legal regime that will govern their dispute should no agreement result from the mediation. In short, my view of good mediation practice is one …
Getting The Faith: Why Business Lawyers And Executives Believe In Mediation, John M. Lande
Getting The Faith: Why Business Lawyers And Executives Believe In Mediation, John M. Lande
Faculty Publications
Do you believe in mediation? That may seem like an odd question. Normally one thinks of ‘believing in‘ (or having faith in) things like magic, God, or the market. These are typically things that are beyond verifiable human knowledge (such as magic and God) and/or deeply held values (such as whether the market is a better mechanism than government for managing the flow of goods and services). At first blush, one might not think that mediation would fall into either category. There have been numerous empirical studies about many different aspects of mediation, so one can confidently say, for example, …
Toward More Sophisticated Mediation Theory, John M. Lande
Toward More Sophisticated Mediation Theory, John M. Lande
Faculty Publications
In the lead article in this symposium, Professor Jeffrey Stempel provides a very thoughtful analysis of the mediation field. He focuses on the debate over facilitative and evaluative mediation and he is critical of many of the arguments made by proponents of facilitative mediation. I have expressed some similar concerns, and I generally agree with his analysis (with a quibble here and there). I do think that the facilitation-evaluation debate has been productive (though admittedly wearisome), and that proponents of facilitative mediation deserve more credit than he gives them in his article.
Future Of Adr - The Earl F. Nelson Memorial Lecture, The, Frank E. A. Sander
Future Of Adr - The Earl F. Nelson Memorial Lecture, The, Frank E. A. Sander
Journal of Dispute Resolution
Because I've been fortunate to observe the ADR scene for much of its recent development, I'm often asked my views of where we stand now. My somewhat flip answer is, "On Monday, Wednesday and Friday, I think we've made amazing progress. On Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday, ADR seems more like a grain of sand on the adversary system beach." So I think we have a way to go. Let me try to elaborate a little on those thoughts
Continuing The Conversation About The Current Status And The Future Of Adr: A View From The Courts, Wayne D. Brazil
Continuing The Conversation About The Current Status And The Future Of Adr: A View From The Courts, Wayne D. Brazil
Journal of Dispute Resolution
In this essay I would like to complement the picture that Professor Sander has presented by adding information about and commentary from the perspective of the courts. After offering some general observations about the current status of ADR in the courts, I will describe what I think the near-term future looks like. Then I will articulate values that we need to take special care to preserve in court-sponsored ADR programs. I also will identify dangers that we, as courts, must try to avoid on the road ahead. Along the way, I will respond specifically to three of the concerns that …
Some Reflections On Adr, James F. Henry
Some Reflections On Adr, James F. Henry
Journal of Dispute Resolution
It may be time for practitioners and theorists who have contributed quality and innovation to the ADR movement to declare victory. It also may be time to "cut and run," because ADR must address some difficult issues if it is to realize its full potential. So far, we have assembled an excellent state-of-the-art in a relatively short period, but we have paid relatively little attention to the ADR infrastructure required to fulfill the quality and promises of ADR. It is that delivery system of ADR which will determine the degree of economy, accessability, expedience, innovation and party control that are …
Adr Research At The Crossroads, Deborah R. Hensler
Adr Research At The Crossroads, Deborah R. Hensler
Journal of Dispute Resolution
One of the remarkable aspects of the ADR movement is the empirical research that it has engendered. The granddaddy of court-administered alternative dispute resolution--the pretrial settlement conference--was the occasion for the first experimental study of an innovative legal procedure.' Small claims courts--another early alternative to full-fledged litigation--were put under the microscope in the 1960s.' Over the years, a host of empirical studies on the adoption, implementation and consequences of court ADR programs has been published.'
Is Binding Arbitration A Form Of Adr: An Argument That The Term Adr Has Begun To Outlive Its Usefulness, Jean R. Sternlight
Is Binding Arbitration A Form Of Adr: An Argument That The Term Adr Has Begun To Outlive Its Usefulness, Jean R. Sternlight
Journal of Dispute Resolution
While the semantic question may be uninteresting, I suggest that it is useful to ask the normative question of how we should categorize binding arbitration.'7 Again, there may be no clear "right" answer. Nevertheless, addressing the question of the appropriate categorization of binding arbitration provides a good means for rethinking the nature of binding arbitration, what we mean by ADR, and how the variety of dispute resolution techniques typically grouped together as ADR relate to litigation. Artificially grouping these disparate processes together under the "ADR" umbrella is beginning to prove problematic. While we may continue to use the phrase in …
Turning The Ship Of State, Jeffrey M. Senger
Turning The Ship Of State, Jeffrey M. Senger
Journal of Dispute Resolution
In his thoughtful article on the future of ADR, Professor Frank Sander notes, "On Monday, Wednesday and Friday, I think we've made amazing progress. On Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday, ADR seems more like a grain of sand on the adversary system beach."' In the federal government, I believe things are somewhat better than that. Perhaps five days out of seven I am impressed with the progress of the government in implementing ADR, particularly in the last ten years, which I will describe below. The other two days, like Professor Sander, I become more discouraged as we run into one of …
Giving Meaning To The Second Generation Of Adr Education: Attorneys' Duty To Learn About Adr And What They Must Learn, Suzanne J. Schmitz
Giving Meaning To The Second Generation Of Adr Education: Attorneys' Duty To Learn About Adr And What They Must Learn, Suzanne J. Schmitz
Journal of Dispute Resolution
This article explores the need for attorneys to learn about ADR and sets out a basic primer for the second generation of ADR education. Part II of this article details why attorneys have a duty to be educated about ADR. Part IV sets out an ADR primer, with recommended readings, for litigation and transactional attorneys who desire to meet the expectations of the courts and of their clients.
Is Alternative Dispute Resolution A Possibility In The Riverboat Gambling Quagmire - Akin V. Missouri Gaming Commission, Matthew Potter
Is Alternative Dispute Resolution A Possibility In The Riverboat Gambling Quagmire - Akin V. Missouri Gaming Commission, Matthew Potter
Journal of Dispute Resolution
During the 1990s, the emergence of riverboat gambling operations has led to an avalanche of social and political debates.' Since 1989, riverboat gaming has been electorally approved in several midwestern states, including Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Louisiana.4 However, this voter acceptance of a formerly stigmatized industry has not come without a significant backlash. In particular, religious groups have denounced riverboat gambling, claiming that such activity inevitably leads to, inter alia, dissipated savings, chronic addictions, and other ancillary societal vices, including prostitution, alcoholism, and drug abuse.'
Alternative Dispute Resolution In The Federal Tax Arena: The Internal Revenue Service Opens Its Doors To Mediation, Tonya M. Scherer
Alternative Dispute Resolution In The Federal Tax Arena: The Internal Revenue Service Opens Its Doors To Mediation, Tonya M. Scherer
Journal of Dispute Resolution
This Comment examines the development of the new tax mediation program, its procedures and application, and its current status. Part II reviews the Appeals process leading up to and including the choice of an avenue to resolution of taxpayer disputes other than litigation. Part III explores the new mediation program including the scope of the cases allowed, the requirements for initiating the process and the procedures for implementing the program. Part IV discusses the policy reasons behind the IRS' implementation of the specific procedures and criteria into the new tax mediation program. Finally, Part V is an update of the …
Escaping The Courthouse: Private Alternative Dispute Resolution In Los Angeles , Elizabeth Rolph, Erik Moller, Laura Petersen
Escaping The Courthouse: Private Alternative Dispute Resolution In Los Angeles , Elizabeth Rolph, Erik Moller, Laura Petersen
Journal of Dispute Resolution
Formal dispute resolution, long thought to be the province of the state, seems to have piqued the interest of the private sector in recent years as a possible sphere of activity. In settings where courts are clogged and criminal cases are forcing civil cases off the calendar, where public juries are perceived as "out of control," and where many individuals are disillusioned with incremental tort reform; a growing number of private individuals are selling their services as neutrals to facilitate dispute resolution. For-profit firms, both independent and national networks, are springing up and positioning themselves in major metropolitan areas. Nonprofit …
Standards Of Professional Conduct In Alternative Dispute Resolution, John Feerick, Carol Izumi, Kimberlee Kovach, Lela Love
Standards Of Professional Conduct In Alternative Dispute Resolution, John Feerick, Carol Izumi, Kimberlee Kovach, Lela Love
Journal of Dispute Resolution
The Alternative Dispute Resolution Section of the Association of American Law Schools presented a program, at a 1995 AALS Conference, on current ethical issues that arise in mediation and how these issues should be addressed by the standards of professional conduct. The panel for the program was composed of leading mediation scholars and practitioners from throughout the country. The program was organized by Professor Edward Sherman who also acted as the panel moderator and provided the following introduction
Reversal Arbitration Board: An Adr Model For Resolving Intra-Corporate Disputes, The, Rene Stemple Ellis, Geetha Ravindra, Neil Vidmar, Thomas Davis
Reversal Arbitration Board: An Adr Model For Resolving Intra-Corporate Disputes, The, Rene Stemple Ellis, Geetha Ravindra, Neil Vidmar, Thomas Davis
Journal of Dispute Resolution
In this article, we describe the development and implementation of an innovative Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) program that uses neutral adjudicators to minimize lawsuits between Toyota Motor Sales, USA and its automobile dealerships. The Toyota Reversal Arbitration Board [hereinafterRAB] has several distinguishing characteristics. First, while many forms of ADR seek to shift the focus of disputes away from formal rules, the Toyota RAB was specifically designed to convey and enforce organizational rules. Second, an aspect of organizational decision making is entrusted to neutral, outside adjudicators trained as specialists in the rules and the context out of which disputes arise. Third, …
Transforming At-Will Employment Disputes Into Wrongful Discharge Claims: Fertile Ground For Adr, Mary A. Bedikian
Transforming At-Will Employment Disputes Into Wrongful Discharge Claims: Fertile Ground For Adr, Mary A. Bedikian
Journal of Dispute Resolution
This Article begins by reviewing the historical evolution of the at-will rule and examining the common law wrongful dismissal theories. Next, it describes the recent trend of arbitrating wrongful discharge disputes, a trend which the author suggests provides a practical, sound forum for the resolution of employment claims.' 3 Finally, since arbitration is in derogation of the common law, this Article discusses the constitutional and pragmatic barriers to full-scale reform and use of arbitration. The author concludes that fragmentation of interests, political motivations, and the reluctance of the United States Supreme Court to confront an indispensable provision of the Federal …
Compulsory Alternative Dispute Resolution And Voluntarism: Two-Headed Monster Or Two Sides Of The Coin , Lucy V. Katz
Compulsory Alternative Dispute Resolution And Voluntarism: Two-Headed Monster Or Two Sides Of The Coin , Lucy V. Katz
Journal of Dispute Resolution
This Article broadly defines compulsory ADR3 to include any process in which the parties experience a lack of free choice about their participation, other than a civil or criminal trial with full due process protections. Thus, it includes not only court-ordered ADR4 (or alternatives mandated by statute), but also judicial mediation, settlement conferences, non-mandatory summary jury trials, and other techniques5 in which there is pressure on litigants to forgo trials, at least temporarily, and to utilize alternatives to bring about settlement.6
Just, Speedy, And Inexpensive Or Just Speedy And Inexpensive - Mandatory Alternative Dispute Resolution In The Western District Of Missouri, April A. Fredlund
Just, Speedy, And Inexpensive Or Just Speedy And Inexpensive - Mandatory Alternative Dispute Resolution In The Western District Of Missouri, April A. Fredlund
Journal of Dispute Resolution
This Comment will address five questions which may arise as challenges to the Western District of Missouri's implementation of its ADR program. First, is the experimental program designed by the court likely to be predictive? That is, will the program be able to tell us whether cost and delay are being reduced by the ADR program? Second, is the program as implemented likely to reduce cost and delay? Third, does the Western District of Missouri have authority to impose mandatory ADR on litigants? Fourth, is the provision for mandatory ADR constitutionally sound? And fifth, assuming affirmative answers to these questions, …
Before The First Shot Is Fired: Hypothetical Use Of Alternative Dispute Resolution To Avoid A Re-Enactment Of The Hatfields And The Mccoys - Kirkham V. Wright, Christian C. Doherty, Christopher J. Moeller
Before The First Shot Is Fired: Hypothetical Use Of Alternative Dispute Resolution To Avoid A Re-Enactment Of The Hatfields And The Mccoys - Kirkham V. Wright, Christian C. Doherty, Christopher J. Moeller
Journal of Dispute Resolution
Kirkham v. Wright was chosen as the subject case because it represents the type of dispute that is extremely well suited to resolution through the ADR process. While some argument exists about the law in Kirkham,2 the bulk of the dispute revolves around the application of the law to the facts.' Furthermore, this case was eventually settled after remand,4 which leads to the conclusion that a settlement may have been possible earlier. Additionally, while the attorneys involved would not disclose the legal costs, it is a safe estimate that they ran into the tens of thousands of dollars.'
Dispute Resolution: A Matrix Of Mechanisms, Nancy Neslund
Dispute Resolution: A Matrix Of Mechanisms, Nancy Neslund
Journal of Dispute Resolution
The purpose of this Article is to respond to the oft-repeated comment that, in spite of the massive attention various dispute resolution mechanisms have received in the last decade, theoretical research in the area has been woefully lacking.' This Article is not intended as a culmination of dispute resolution knowledge, but as a necessary first step, fabricating a structure of dispute resolution mechanisms on which later research, theoretical and empirical, can hang. The output of the Article is a suggested organization of the body of knowledge known as dispute resolution, or popularly-alternative dispute resolution or ADR, 2 into its three …
Litigation Management Proposals: Storm Clouds For Voluntary Adr, Leo Dreyer
Litigation Management Proposals: Storm Clouds For Voluntary Adr, Leo Dreyer
Journal of Dispute Resolution
This Article will examine in detail some of the current reform proposals relating to case management of civil litigation and court-annexed alternative dispute resolution. These projects or proposals, discussed in more detail in ensuing sections, include the Final Report and Recommendations of the ABA Special Commission on Mass Torts,' the ALI Complex Litigation Project,' the Report of the Federal Courts Study Committee, 3 the Multiparty, Multiforum Jurisdiction Bill of 1989, 4 and the Civil Justice Reform Act of 1990 along with the underlying Report of the Civil Litigation Project.5
Consumer Problems And Adr: An Analysis Of The Federal Trade Commission-Ordered General Motors Mediation And Arbitration Program, Arthur Best
Journal of Dispute Resolution
This Article evaluates a controversial mediation and arbitration program established by General Motors (GM) for owners of certain cars. It began in 1984, under the terms of a Federal Trade Commission (FTC) consent order settling charges that GM had deceptively failed to inform buyers that particular models of cars contained components that had unusually low durability. When the settlement was proposed, debate centered on whether the public interest would be served best by: 1) creation of mediation and arbitration opportunities for individual owners; or 2) prosecution of a single action seeking uniform compensation for all owners. One commissioner feared that …
How Existing Procedures Shape Alternatives: The Case Of Grievance Mediation, Deborah M. Kolb
How Existing Procedures Shape Alternatives: The Case Of Grievance Mediation, Deborah M. Kolb
Journal of Dispute Resolution
Mediation is one of the oldest and most ubiquitous forms of conflict resolution in American society and throughout the world. Traditionally a prominent adjunct to labor and international negotiation, mediation is now used in divorce, family, civil, consumer, commercial and employee relations, environmental planning and siting, and the development of governmental procedures and regulations.' As mediation has penetrated into these new areas of social life, curiosity about the practice of mediation, that is, what mediators actually do to bring about settlement, has increased.
Applying Adr To Hospital Staff Privilege Disputes: A Prescription For The Future Of Health Care, Laurel E. Shealey
Applying Adr To Hospital Staff Privilege Disputes: A Prescription For The Future Of Health Care, Laurel E. Shealey
Journal of Dispute Resolution
In today's world of rising medical costs, hospital liability for staff negligence, and the uncertainty surrounding the viability of many medical procedures, hospitals are increasingly concerned with having competent doctors who can work effectively in a changing medical environment. In order to regulate staff quality, hospitals have broad discretion in granting, terminating, and reducing hospital staff privileges t
Book Review Essay , James E. Westbrook
Book Review Essay , James E. Westbrook
Journal of Dispute Resolution
Getting Disputes Resolved is an important addition to the growing body of scholarly and how-to-do-it literature on disputing and dispute processing. It offers guidelines and advice on designing and implementing dispute resolution systems that are based on the authors' experience as designers of dispute resolution systems in the coal industry. The authors are among the more prominent scholar-practitioners in the dispute resolution field. William L. Ury, associate director of the Program on Negotiation at Harvard Law School, co-authored (with R. Fisher) Getting to Yes: Negotiating Agreements Without Giving In. Jeanne M. Brett, J.L. Kellogg Professor of Dispute Resolutions and Organizations …