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Articles 91 - 120 of 141
Full-Text Articles in Law
Enforcing The Gnu Gpl, Sapna Kumar
Combatant Status Review Tribunals: Flawed Answers To The Wrong Question, Joseph Blocher
Combatant Status Review Tribunals: Flawed Answers To The Wrong Question, Joseph Blocher
Faculty Scholarship
This Comment argues that the Combatant Status Review Tribunals were not competent to deny Prisoner of War status because they were charged only with identifying enemy combatants, a broad category that by its own terms includes many POWs. Given the substantial overlap between the definitions of "enemy combatant" and "POW," a CSRT's affirmative enemy combatant determination actually supports a detainee's POW status. Thus, even after their enemy combatant status has been adjudicated by the CSRTs, Guantánamo detainees should still be treated as presumptive POWs.
Incomplete Contracts In A Complete Contract World, Kimberly D. Krawiec, Scott Baker
Incomplete Contracts In A Complete Contract World, Kimberly D. Krawiec, Scott Baker
Faculty Scholarship
This paper considers the role that contract doctrine should play in facilitating optimal investment in contractual relationships. All contracts are incomplete in the sense that they do not specify the optimal actions for the buyer and seller in every future contingency. This incompleteness can lead to both under and over-investment in resources specifically targeted to the needs of the other contracting party. To solve these investment problems, economists and legal scholars have looked to complicated contractual solutions and the ownership of assets. This Article offers another solution: contract doctrine. Specifically, we propose a contractual default rule applicable to all contract …
Agenda Control In The Bundestag, 1980-2002, William M. Chandler, Gary W. Cox, Mathew D. Mccubbins
Agenda Control In The Bundestag, 1980-2002, William M. Chandler, Gary W. Cox, Mathew D. Mccubbins
Faculty Scholarship
We find strong evidence of monopoly legislative agenda control by government parties in the Bundestag. First, the government parties have near-zero roll rates, while the opposition parties are often rolled over half the time. Second, only opposition parties’ (and not government parties’) roll rates increase with the distances of each party from the floor median. Third, almost all policy moves are towards the government coalition (the only exceptions occur during periods of divided government). Fourth, roll rates for government parties sky- rocket when they fall into the opposition and roll rates for opposition parties plummet when they enter government, while …
The Complex Links Between Governance And Biodiversity, C. Barrett, C. Gibson, B. Hoffman, Mathew D. Mccubbins
The Complex Links Between Governance And Biodiversity, C. Barrett, C. Gibson, B. Hoffman, Mathew D. Mccubbins
Faculty Scholarship
We argue that two problems weaken the claims of those who link corruption and the exploitation of natural resources. The first is conceptual. Studies that use national level indicators of corruption fail to note that corruption comes in many forms, at multiple levels, and may or may not affect resource use. Without a clear causal model of the mechanism by which corruption affects resources, one should treat with caution any estimated relationship between corruption and the state of natural resources. The second problem is methodological: Simple models linking corruption measures and natural resource use typically do not account for other …
Preclearance, Discrimination, And The Department Of Justice: The Case Of South Carolina, Guy-Uriel Charles, Luis Fuentes-Rohwer
Preclearance, Discrimination, And The Department Of Justice: The Case Of South Carolina, Guy-Uriel Charles, Luis Fuentes-Rohwer
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Two Economists, Three Opinions? Economic Models For Private International Law - Cross Border Torts As Example, Ralf Michaels
Two Economists, Three Opinions? Economic Models For Private International Law - Cross Border Torts As Example, Ralf Michaels
Faculty Scholarship
Many agree that private international law does a poor job of leading to good and predictable results. Can law and economics bring more scientific, objective foundations to the discipline? Economics, one may hope, can bring the conclusiveness to the field that doctrine could not. But even a fleeting review of existing studies reveals a discrepancy of views or economic approaches that mirrors the discrepancy in the traditional private international law doctrine. This article sets out to test whether different models lead to different outcomes. It makes arguments in three economic models - a private law model, an international law model, …
Financial Information Failure And Lawyer Responsibility, Steven L. Schwarcz
Financial Information Failure And Lawyer Responsibility, Steven L. Schwarcz
Faculty Scholarship
When public firms collapse amid allegations of financial information failure-such as misleading financial statements-society looks beyond the role of accountants to see who else should be held responsible. Lawyers advising the firm increasingly are charged with responsibility, perhaps because modern financial and business complexities, as well as rules that make accounting determinations turn in part on legal conclusions, have blurred the boundary between legal and accounting duties. Lawyers should want to satisfy this responsibility not only to avoid liability but also to safeguard their reputation and integrity. The difficult question, which this article attempts to answer, is what that responsibility …
“Inextricably Intertwined” Explicable At Last?: Rooker-Feldman Analysis After The Supreme Court’S Exxon Mobil Decision, Thomas D. Rowe Jr., Edward L. Baskauskas
“Inextricably Intertwined” Explicable At Last?: Rooker-Feldman Analysis After The Supreme Court’S Exxon Mobil Decision, Thomas D. Rowe Jr., Edward L. Baskauskas
Faculty Scholarship
The Supreme Court's March 2005 decision in 'Exxon Mobil Corp. v. Saudi Basic Industries Corp.' substantially limited the "Rooker-Feldman" doctrine, under which lower federal courts largely lack jurisdiction to engage in what amounts to de facto review of state-court decisions. Exxon Mobil's holding is quite narrow--entry of a final state-court judgment does not destroy federal-court jurisdiction already acquired over parallel litigation. But the Court's articulation of when Rooker-Feldman applies, and its approach in deciding the case, have significant implications for several aspects of Rooker-Feldman jurisprudence. Chief among our claims is that although the Court did not expressly repudiate or limit …
Million Dollar Medical Malpractice Cases In Florida: Post-Verdict And Pre-Suit Settlements, Neil Vidmar, Kara Mackillop, Paul Lee
Million Dollar Medical Malpractice Cases In Florida: Post-Verdict And Pre-Suit Settlements, Neil Vidmar, Kara Mackillop, Paul Lee
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Federalism Cases In The October 2004 Term, Erwin Chemerinsky
Federalism Cases In The October 2004 Term, Erwin Chemerinsky
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
The Evolution Of Asbestos Bankruptcy Trust Distribution Plans, Francis Mcgovern
The Evolution Of Asbestos Bankruptcy Trust Distribution Plans, Francis Mcgovern
Faculty Scholarship
The evolution of asbestos litigation from the early 1970s to the present has become the source of much analysis. One commentator divides this history into several phases: the heroic phase, bureaucratic floundering, adaptation and maturity, search for global settlement, expansion of the number of cases, and legislative reform in a new era. A neglected aspect of the history of asbestos litigation has been the evolution of asbestos bankruptcy trust distribution plans. Since 1982 there have been more than 70 corporations which have filed bankruptcy proceedings because of their exposure to asbestos liability. As these corporations emerge from bankruptcy, their plans …
Reining In The Data Traders: A Tort For The Misuse Of Personal Information, Sarah Ludington
Reining In The Data Traders: A Tort For The Misuse Of Personal Information, Sarah Ludington
Faculty Scholarship
In 2005, three spectacular data security breaches focused public attention on the vast databases of personal information held by data traders such as ChoicePoint and LexisNexis, and the vulnerability of that data. The personal information of hundreds of thousands of people had either been hacked or sold to identity thieves, yet the data traders refused to reveal to those people the specifics of the information sold or stolen. While Congress and many state legislatures swiftly introduced bills to force data traders to be more accountable to their data subjects, fewer states actually enacted laws, and none of the federal bills …
The Commerce Power And Criminal Punishment: Presumption Of Constitutionality Or Presumption Of Innocence?, Margaret H. Lemos
The Commerce Power And Criminal Punishment: Presumption Of Constitutionality Or Presumption Of Innocence?, Margaret H. Lemos
Faculty Scholarship
The Constitution requires that the facts that expose an individual to criminal punishment be proved to a jury beyond a reasonable doubt. In recent years, the Supreme Court has taken pains to ensure that legislatures cannot evade the requirements of proof beyond a reasonable doubt and jury presentation through artful statutory drafting. Yet current Commerce Clause jurisprudence permits Congress to do just that. Congress can avoid application of the reasonable-doubt and jury-trial rules with respect to certain critical facts-the facts that establish the basis for federal action by linking the prohibited conduct to interstate commerce-by finding those facts itself rather …
Qalys And Policy Evaluation: A New Perspective, Matthew D. Adler
Qalys And Policy Evaluation: A New Perspective, Matthew D. Adler
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Parsing The Commander In Chief Power: Three Distinctions, Curtis A. Bradley
Parsing The Commander In Chief Power: Three Distinctions, Curtis A. Bradley
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
The Assumptions Of Federalism, Erwin Chemerinsky
The Assumptions Of Federalism, Erwin Chemerinsky
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
How Strongly Should We Protect And Enforce International Law?, University Of Chicago Law School Workshop, March 2006, Joost H. B. Pauwelyn
How Strongly Should We Protect And Enforce International Law?, University Of Chicago Law School Workshop, March 2006, Joost H. B. Pauwelyn
Faculty Scholarship
Observers of international law are obsessed with trying to explain and predict why and when states comply with international law. Doing so, they have consistently overlooked a logically preceding, but no less important, question: To what extent should states perform their international commitments? Put differently, how strongly should we protect and enforce international law? Worrying as much about over-enforcement of international law as under-enforcement of international law, this article offers a theory of relative normativity. This theory is driven by efficiency, effectiveness and legitimacy concerns rather than a hierarchy of values. It makes distinctions between how international law allocates entitlements, …
The Role Of Empirical Evidence In Evaluating The Wisdom Of The Sarbanes-Oxley Act, James D. Cox
The Role Of Empirical Evidence In Evaluating The Wisdom Of The Sarbanes-Oxley Act, James D. Cox
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Voices From The Stars? America's Generals And Public Debates, Charles J. Dunlap Jr.
Voices From The Stars? America's Generals And Public Debates, Charles J. Dunlap Jr.
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Evidence History, The New Trace Evidence And Rumblings In The Future Of Proof, Robert P. Mosteller
Evidence History, The New Trace Evidence And Rumblings In The Future Of Proof, Robert P. Mosteller
Faculty Scholarship
This paper is in two parts. The first part is about developments in the rules of evidence and particularly about developments in the federal rules of evidence, which has had a major impact on evidence rules in many states. This part turns out to be largely about the past because my sense is that the impact of changes in the formal rules of evidence, which were substantial, are largely historic. To be sure future changes in the formal rules, particularly those that may be made as a result of the Supreme Court’s decision in Crawford v. Washington (2004) that dramatically …
Neo-Strategicon: Modernized Principles Of War For The 21st Century, Charles J. Dunlap Jr.
Neo-Strategicon: Modernized Principles Of War For The 21st Century, Charles J. Dunlap Jr.
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Constitution-Making: A Process Filled With Constraint, Donald L. Horowitz
Constitution-Making: A Process Filled With Constraint, Donald L. Horowitz
Faculty Scholarship
Constitutions are generally made by people with no previous experience in constitution making. The assistance they receive from outsiders is often less useful than it may appear. The most pertinent foreign experience may reside in distant countries, whose lessons are unknown or inaccessible. Moreover, although constitutions are intended to endure, they are often products of the particular crisis that forced their creation. Drafters are usually heavily affected by a desire to avoid repeating unpleasant historical experiences or to emulate what seem to be successful constitutional models. Theirs is a heavily constrained environment, made even more so by distrust and dissensus …
Breach Of Fiduciary Duty: On Justifiable Expectations Of Loyalty And Their Consequences, Deborah A. Demott
Breach Of Fiduciary Duty: On Justifiable Expectations Of Loyalty And Their Consequences, Deborah A. Demott
Faculty Scholarship
This paper covers three distinct but inter-related topics. These are: (1) the functions served by characterizing breach of fiduciary duty as a tort; (2) how best to define a fiduciary relationship in light of the range of situations in which one party is subject to a fiduciary duty to another; and (3) implications and questions that follow from the fact that many contemporary fiduciaries are organizations that assign individual employees or other agents to act on behalf of clients to whom the organization itself owes fiduciary duties. The paper begins by examining how breach of fiduciary duty is characterized by …
Better Regulation In Europe, Jonathan B. Wiener
Better Regulation In Europe, Jonathan B. Wiener
Faculty Scholarship
"Better Regulation" is afoot in Europe. After several transatlantic conflicts over regulatory topics such as the precautionary principle, genetically modified foods, and climate change, Europe and America now appear to be converging on the analytic basis for regulation. In a process of hybridization, European institutions are borrowing "Better Regulation" reforms from both the US approach to regulatory review using benefit-cost analysis and from European member states' initiatives on administrative costs and simplification; in turn the European Commission is helping to spread these reforms among the member states. In many respects, the Better Regulation initiative promises salutary reforms, such as wider …
The King Of Rockingham County And The Original Bridge To Nowhere, Barak D. Richman
The King Of Rockingham County And The Original Bridge To Nowhere, Barak D. Richman
Faculty Scholarship
This chapter, reveals the story -- the clash of personalities, the economic tensions, and the political significance -- behind Rockingham County v. Luten Bridge Co. Since its publication in 1929, the opinion has proceeded to leave an impression on generations of law students. Luten Bridge, a staple in most contracts casebooks, is known today as the paradigmatic case that demonstrates the duty to mitigate damages in contract law, whereby a nonbreaching party is not compensated for performance that occurs after the other party announces an intention to breach. This chapter takes on three objectives: it identifies the case's original importance, …
Presidential Signing Statements And Executive Power, Curtis A. Bradley, Eric A. Posner
Presidential Signing Statements And Executive Power, Curtis A. Bradley, Eric A. Posner
Faculty Scholarship
A recent debate about the Bush administration's use of presidential signing statements has raised questions about their function, legality, and value. We argue that presidential signing statements are legal and that they provide a useful way for the president to disclose his views about the meaning and constitutionality of legislation. In addition, basic tenets of positive political theory suggest that signing statements do not undermine the separation of powers or the legislative process and that, under certain circumstances, they can provide relevant evidence of statutory meaning. Although President Bush has raised many more constitutional challenges within his signing statements than …
Some Modest Uses Of Transnational Legal Perspectives In First-Year Constitutional Law, Neil S. Siegel
Some Modest Uses Of Transnational Legal Perspectives In First-Year Constitutional Law, Neil S. Siegel
Faculty Scholarship
In this essay, Prof. Siegel identifies several uses of transnational perspectives in first-year constitutional law: (1) comparing American constitutional arrangements to those in other countries; (2) teaching international law and foreign legal experiences when relevant to U.S. litigation in the "war on terror"; and (3) examining the U.S. Supreme Court's invocations of foreign legal practices. These uses are illustrated with examples from doctrinal areas that are covered in his course. While each use serves a distinct pedagogical purpose, cumulatively they underscore the increasing importance of transnational legal perspectives in U.S. constitutional law. He concludes, however, with a cautionary note. Selectivity …
Private Business As Public Good: Hotel Development And Kelo, Joseph Blocher
Private Business As Public Good: Hotel Development And Kelo, Joseph Blocher
Faculty Scholarship
In the summer of 2004, New Haven Mayor John DeStefano, Jr. announced plans to demolish the all-but-derelict New Haven Coliseum and replace it with a publicly financed redevelopment that would include a 300-room hotel. Critics of the plan immediately objected that the hotel-even if it were completed-was a poor public investment, that there was no demand for such a hotel, and that the money could be better spent elsewhere. Some critics pointed to New Haven's own checkered history of major development projects, especially the failed downtown mall and the famously catastrophic Oak Street redevelopment. As of February 2006, the city …
Rule-Based Dispute Resolution In International Trade Law, Rachel Brewster
Rule-Based Dispute Resolution In International Trade Law, Rachel Brewster
Faculty Scholarship
Why does the United States ever prefer to settle disputes under a system of rules rather than a system of negotiations? Powerful states are advantaged by negotiation-based approaches to settling disagreements because they have the resources to resolve individual disputes on favorable terms. By contrast, rule-based dispute resolution advantages weak states as a means to hold powerful states to the terms of their agreements. Then why did the United States want a rule-based system to settle international disputes in the WTO? To answer this question, we have to understand domestic politics as well as international politics. International constraints, particularly international …