Law Commons^™

Waiver Of The Physician-Patient Privilege In Missouri, Thomas E. Toney

Missouri Law Review

The present Missouri privilege statute is as follows: The following persons shall be incompetent to testify: .... a physician or surgeon, concerning any information which he may have acquired from any patient while attending him in a professional character, and which information was necessary to enable him to prescribe for such patient as a physician or do any act for him as a surgeon. Even though the statute speaks of being "incompetent to testify" the statute has been interpreted to mean that it creates a physician-patient privilege. To claim the benefit of this statute two requirements must be met. First, …

Disclosure Of Inside Information - Materiality And Texas Gulf Sulphur, Jeremy L. Wiesen

Maryland Law Review

No abstract provided.

Doctors' Privileged Communications, Public Life, And History's Rights, Jonas B. Robitscher

Cleveland State Law Review

This article deals with two special problems in the field of confidentiality and privilege, which can be discussed together although they are not entirely related. These problems arise from a physician-patient relationship and are special by virtue of the fact that the patient has made himself a special object of public attention or public concern. The first of these is the problem of the physician who wishes to disclose information about an historical personage. The second problem is the disclosure of information by a physician concerning patients who are infamous rather than famous.

Confidential Communications—The Accountants' Dilemma, Constantine N. Katsoris

Fordham Law Review

No abstract provided.

Case Notes

Fordham Law Review

No abstract provided.

New And Comprehensive Duties Of Securities Sellers To Investigate, Disclose, And Have An "Adequate Basis" For Representations, Willoughby C. Johnson

Michigan Law Review

The duties of investigation and disclosure imposed upon securities salesmen have been significantly enlarged by several recent cases generated by the Second Circuit's 1963 decision of Berko v. SEC. In a hearing before the Securities and Exchange Commission it was found that Berko was a salesman working out of an acknowledged "boiler room." His employer had provided its salesmen, including Berko, with fraudulent sales brochures, some of which were subsequently distributed by Berko. The action by the Commission against Berko arose out of the sale of a specific security to a customer who had received fraudulent sales brochures and …

A Reappraisal Of The Role Of Disclosure, Robert L. Knauss

Michigan Law Review

The objective of this paper is to assess the current role of disclosure in its various aspects in security regulation. Following a brief description of the current uses of disclosure in securities regulation, there are separate sections describing and evaluating (1) the obligation of disclosure imposed on issuers at the initial sale of securities, (2) the obligation of disclosure resting on issuers if they have securities which are traded, and (3) obligations of disclosure imposed on parties in the securities business other than issuers. This last section includes obligations of insiders, broker-dealers, and investment advisers, as well as duties of …

Current Problems In Securities Regulation, Robert N. Dorosin, Ira J. Jaffe, Rolfe A. Worden, James C. Lockwood, Willoughby C. Johnson

Michigan Law Review

This comment analyzes four areas of central significance to adequate protection for the investor: (1) qualifications of those in the securities industry who deal with the public; (2) dissemination of corporate publicity; (3) dissemination of investment advice; and (4) selling practices in the securities industry. The findings and recommendations of the Special Study are given special attention insofar as they bear upon the problems covered. In certain areas, however, recent developments in court and Commission decisions have brought about changes equally as significant as the findings and recommendations of the Special Study. Thus each section covers the background and recent …

Patents-Patent Grant By Private Law-Constitutionality Of Grant After Expiration Of Time Limit, Stanley P. Wagner Jr.

Michigan Law Review

An army officer invented a radar system before World War II but was prevented from patenting it by his superior officers for security reasons. In 1945 his application for a patent was rejected because it was not filed within the time limit embodied in section 102(b) of the Patent Code.1 Congress, in 1950, enacted Private Law 10082 to waive the statutory time limit for the officer's patent application. The act provided that a patent should issue from the 1945 application if the invention .met all the other statutory requirements of the Patent Code. The act provided also that the patent …

Foreclosure Without Disclosure - Cooper-Merriken Fertilizers, Inc. V. Smith, Berryl A. Speert

Maryland Law Review

No abstract provided.

Turner: The Law Of Trade Secrets, John Stedman

Michigan Law Review

A Review of The Law of Trade Secrets. By Amedee E. Turner.

Insider Securities Dealings During Corporate Crises, Victor Brudney

Michigan Law Review

The problem of assuring the fidelity of corporate insiders to the public investors in their enterprises figured prominently in legal literature and law reform proposals twenty-five or thirty years ago. In recent years, that question has attracted relatively less attention-in part because of the appearance or recognition of more significant problems in the relationship of publicly-held corporate enterprise to the national well-being, but in part also because of the development by courts, legislatures and administrative agencies-and to some extent by the insiders' community itself-of more exacting standards of loyalty. Recognition of broader obligations to their corporations and to public investors …

Banking-Disclosure Of Records-The Duty Of A Bank As To Customer Information, Robert B. Wessling S.Ed.

Michigan Law Review

The purpose of this comment, therefore, is to describe the scope of the banker's duty as to customer information as best it can be discerned in light of the increasing exchange of credit information and increasing resort to such information by government agencies-particularly the Internal Revenue Service. In the process, it is hoped that attention will be drawn to the uncertainty which exists in this area, perhaps prompting action by the states or the banks themselves to clarify the scope of the duty and to encourage uniform treatment of customer information in a manner consistent with this duty.

Federal Agency Investigations: Requirements For The Production Of Documents, Frank E. Cooper

Michigan Law Review

The United States district courts are frequently called upon to decide whether an administrative agency is entitled to enforcement of a subpoena requesting production of documentary evidence which the person to whom the subpoena is addressed assails as an unnecessary and improper inquisitorial investigation.

Neither the statute nor the decision-landmarks though they both are-offers a convenient rule of thumb to guide the district courts in the intensely difficult problems posed by requests for enforcement of administrative subpoenas.

However, an examination of the decisions passing upon such requests does disclose the standards by which the courts apply the three classic tests, …

Evidence--Attorney-Client Privilege -- Identiy Of Client Held Privileged, Michael M. Hughes

Michigan Law Review

Petitioner attorney was retained by an organization of fruit merchants to investigate parking conditions on the New York piers which prevented its members from attending the daily fruit auctions, and to take steps to remedy this situation. During his investigations petitioner learned from one of his employers that two local politicians were being paid to allow certain large trailer trucks to continue parking illegally on the piers. The attorney reported this information to city officials. He was subsequently subpoenaed to testify on the matter before respondent, New York City Commissioner of Investigation, who was conducting an inquiry into waterfront conditions. …

Two Suggested Reforms In Ohio's Discovery Procedure, Frank Seth Hurd

Cleveland State Law Review

Attorney's will agree that an injustice occurs whenever one party prevails in a court of law and another's rights are defeated but for knowledge of the relevant facts. Further, most will agree that some such injustice is inevitable in any judicial system, all such systems being subject to some degree of error. No one can deny the professional responsibility of all attorneys to work actively toward the reduction of such error. As numerous commentators have pointed out, injustice may also result from delay. It is equally the responsibility of the Bar to work toward the alleviation of that source of …

The Civil Investigative Demand: New Fact-Finding Powers For The Antitrust Division, Richard L. Perry, William Simon

Michigan Law Review

The complexity, scope and length of modem antitrust litigation bring to prominence the procedures by which evidence - particularly documentary evidence - is discovered and placed before the courts and administrative agencies. Fact-finding mechanisms now available for ferreting out and prosecuting violations make up an imposing array. These include the grand jury subpoena, the discovery provisions of the Federal Rules of Civil and Criminal Procedure and the subpoena and visitorial powers of certain administrative agencies. The "civil investigative demand," a precomplaint compulsory process, is a new weapon proposed to be added to this arsenal. Few dispute the desirability of new …

Book Reviews, Laurence H. Eldredge, Henry N. Williams

Vanderbilt Law Review

Evidence of Guilt: Restrictions Upon its Discovery or Compulsory Disclosure

By John MacArthur Maguire

Boston: Little, Brown &Co. 1959. Pp. xi, 295. $12.50

reviewer: Edmund M. Morgan

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Government and Public Administration

By John D. Millett

New York. McGraw-Hill Book Co. 1959. Pp. x, 477. $7.95

reviewer: Henry N. Williams

Disclosure Of Specific Types Of Ideas: Misappropriation, Homer C. Mcrae

Cleveland State Law Review

Normal procedure in attempting sale of a valuable idea is for the claimant to offer his idea for sale to the recipient who usually will refuse to buy it until disclosure. Then, after disclosure, the recipient may or may not promise to pay for the idea if he uses it. In either case, the recipient may use the idea later, perhaps in a modified form, and refuse to compensate the claimant.

Submission And Receipt Of Ideas: Conflicting Rights, Joseph R. Teagno

Cleveland State Law Review

An idea has little or no value in the isolation of the conceiver's mind. Artistic creations and developments and improvements in products, machines, and methods are examples of such ideas. Value may be imparted to such an idea by communicating it to others who value it for its utilitarian or esthetic characteristics. Property rights arise from appreciation of such value by others, following communication.

Executive Compensation And Federal Securities Legislation, Myer Feldman, V. Henry Rothschild

Michigan Law Review

In this article we first consider the type of compensation plan or arrangement which must be registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission. We shall then outline the requirements for disclosing the plan and its terms, as imposed by federal securities legislation and administrative regulation thereunder.

Regulatory "Executive Privilege" To Withhold Evidence

Indiana Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Corporations - The Fudiciary Duty Of Directors In The Issuance Of Stock Subject To Preemptive Rights, Howard M. Downs

Michigan Law Review

In Gord v. Iowana Farms Milk Co. , a stockholder protested the issue to the defendant of certain shares of stock in a closely held corporation. At the time of the sale, the plaintiff was a director and secretary-treasurer of the corporation with access to the corporate books and knowledge of the corporate assets. At the meeting at which the stock was issued, the plaintiff signed a statement saying "at the present time I do not elect to purchase any stock. . . ." The stock, sold for $15 a share, had a value variously estimated at $50 to $103.22. …

Evidence-Privilege-Right Of Third Person To Assert Privilege As To Accident Report Made Confidential By Statute, Richard W. Young S.Ed.

Michigan Law Review

Plaintiff brought a negligence action for injuries sustained when the automobile in which she was a passenger collided with that operated by the defendant. Defendant questioned a police officer, who had filed the accident report, concerning statements made to him by the driver of the vehicle in which the plaintiff was riding. The trial court permitted this testimony over the plaintiff's objection that these statements were privileged under an Iowa statute purporting to make written accident reports confidential and inadmissible in evidence. On appeal after a verdict was returned in favor of the defendant, held, reversed. The statute can …

Securities Legislation - Securities Act - Stop Order Proceedings - Administrative Tests Of Materiality, Bertram H. Lebeis

Michigan Law Review

With a view toward correcting many of the abuses which had accompanied the distribution of securities, the Congressional mandate embodied in the Securities Act of 1933, together with the regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission adopted in pursuance thereof, require the publication of much information previously withheld from the investing public. The basic objective of the act is the full disclosure of every essentially important element attending issues of securities in interstate commerce or through the mails, and to that end the commission is empowered to issue a stop order suspending the effectiveness of a registration statement if it …

Evidence-Privilege-Husband And Wife-Attorney And Client

Michigan Law Review

A husband and wife are involved in marital difficulties. Together they consult an attorney in an effort to compromise their dispute, or failing in that, to arrange a property settlement prior to separation or divorce. Such a joint consultation may be for any one of a variety of purposes. In a later action, for divorce or separate maintenance for example, the question arises whether either the attorney or one of the spouses can disclose words spoken by the other spouse in the consultation. For instance, can the attorney or the husband disclose the wife's admission of adultery?

Bills And Notes - Execution Of Instruments By Agents - Liability Under N.I.L.

Michigan Law Review

The liability of parties on negotiable instruments executed by agents or representatives is a matter which has not been satisfactorily settled by the cases under the N.I.L., due partly to the ambiguity of the statute itself and partly to the obstinate refusal of some courts to adopt the approach of the ordinary business man. Under the law merchant the agent ran a great risk of personal liability in executing a negotiable instrument unless he was careful to spell out that he was signing for a named principal as agent only. If he merely added to his name the phrase "agent …

Discovery Before Trial, George Ragland Jr.

Michigan Legal Studies Series

The purpose of this volume is to present in a convenient and usable form a comparative study of the expedients which are being employed in various American and English jurisdictions for the purpose of facilitating pre-trial practice, to describe the practical operation of the different devices, and to show their effect upon the general administration of justice. An analysis of the statutory and case law has been combined with data which shows the practical operation of the procedure in the everyday work of the lawyer and judge. Field studies were made by the author in different cities of the following …