Law Commons^™

A Critical Survey Of The Law, Ethics And Economics Of Attorney Contingent Fee Arrangements, Adam Shajnfeld

Adam Shajnfeld

This Article presents a critical survey of the law, ethics and economics of contingent fee arrangements for legal representation. First, it introduces the contingent fee, its history, and the various forms it takes. Second, it discusses and proposes changes in the use (or prohibition) of contingent fees in criminal, domestic relations and corporate matters. Third, it explores the concept of risk and its effect on legal fees, and analyzes various proposals that aim to reform risk-insensitive and uncompetitive pricing. Fourth, it examines agency problems in the attorney-client relationship that may be affected by fee arrangements, and makes suggestions for overcoming …

Negligent Speech Torts, Deana Pollard Sacks

Deana A Pollard

Recent research on the effects of violent media on children has elevated longstanding controversy over civil liability for speech to a new level. NEGLIGENT SPEECH TORTS reviews and challenges prevailing negligent speech jurisprudence and proposes wholesale reform to the rules governing civil liability for unreasonably dangerous speech. The prevailing Brandenburg incitement test is inapposite as applied to modern dangerous speech cases and should be replaced by a “constitutionalized” negligence paradigm to reconcile First Amendment and tort policies. The Supreme Court has constitutionalized various other speech torts – such as defamation, privacy, and emotional torts – by raising their prima facie …

Patent Pleading After Iqbal: Using Infringement Contentions As A Guide, Richard Alan Kamprath

Richard Kamprath

“Patent Pleading After Iqbal: Using Infringement Contentions As A Guide” This article proposes how the new standard for pleading patent infringement related claims should be interpreted in light of the Supreme Court’s decisions in Twombly and Iqbal. The facial plausibility of a pleading requires more than bare allegations and must be supported with enough facts in order for the court to infer wrongdoing by the accused infringer. This article is dedicated to applying this theory of pleading to the practical world of the courtroom. Federal Rule 8 is discussed as the starting point to understanding pleading in the federal courts. …

Appellate Judges And Philosophical Theories: Judicial Philosophy Or Mere Coincidence?, Gerald R. Ferrera, Mystica M. Alexander

Jonathan J. Darrow

Judicial reasoning found in appellate court decisions creates the substantive law relied upon to formulate policy in the private and public sector. Inevitably some will be adamantly opposed to the decisions and will participate in public debate to formulate change. This paper argues that judicial reasoning is based on a judicial philosophy supported by a theory that, once recognized and understood, enables a greater appreciation of judges’ decisions. A number of prominent judicial philosophers are identified and their philosophy is explained using current landmark cases. The final part of the paper uses the United States Supreme Court decision of Ricci …

Protecting The Ivory Tower: Sensible Security Or Invasion Of Privacy?, Stephen D. Lichtenstein

Jonathan J. Darrow

Millions of students are enrolled in colleges and universities in the United States and abroad. While universities are not insurers of the safety of their students, faculty, staff or others in their community, university campuses are generally safe when compared to urban environments. However, tragic and infamous acts of campus violence including the rape and murder of Jeanne Clery at Lehigh University, the infamous 2007 Virginia Tech tragedy resulting in the death of thirty-three and, more recently, the alleged murders of three colleagues by faculty member Amy Bishop provide evidence and anecdotes that the risk of campus violence remains high. …

Morality And The Law, Arthur Lang

Arthur Lang

This paper includes a discussion of liberal and conservative theories of law and government and an analysis of the proper place of morality in the law. It follows the logical conclusions of California definition of feticide as homicide, the distinction between commission and omission, the understanding of marriage, the right to die, the law of necessity, privileges and immunities, and the prohibition of self mutilation. Original ideas include tracing substantive due process to Calhoun and the Compromise of 1850, a new answer to the theodicy, solution to the Kantian moral dilemma, the primacy of compassion and the recognition of being, …

Embedded Librarians: Teaching Legal Research As A Lawyering Skill, Vicenç Feliú, Helen Frazer

Vicenç Feliú

This article addresses a proposed pedagogy for teaching the lawyering skill of advanced legal research in practice environment, such as a clinic, consonant with the recommendations of the 2007 Carnegie Report, Educating Lawyers, and the 1992 ABA Taskforce on Law Schools and the Profession, Legal Education and Professional Development (the MacCrate Report). It examines how the relatively new trend of embedding librarians in practice settings, offering assistance at the point of need, could be effective in law schools. It proposes a model for teaching advanced legal research by embedding law librarians in law school clinics based on the experiment conducted …

Negligent Insider Trading: A Viable Theory Of Civil Liability?, Steven Brody

Steven Brody

A flurry of civil suits by the SEC and private parties has followed on the heels of the collapse of the subprime mortgage market. Many of these actions raise theories of liability that are still developing in the area of white collar crime and securities fraud. As the SEC and private parties seek to explore new theories under which to bring suit, this article briefly addresses one as-yet unexplored avenue that many academic authorities have alluded to as possible under Section 17 of the Securities Act of 1933: that of “negligent insider trading.” While such a theory has yet to …

Legal Fictions And Juristic Truth, Nancy J. Knauer

Nancy J. Knauer

This Essay cautions against the revisionist trend in legal scholarship to dismiss discredited legal regimes and burdensome statutory schemes as mere "legal fictions." In the first instance, the expansive view of legal fictions employed in this new scholarship dilutes the analytic force of the classic definition proposed by Lon L. Fuller. More importantly, it misapprehends the constitutive power of law and the nature of juristic truth. The classic legal fiction is a curious artifice of legal reasoning. In a discipline primarily concerned with issues of fact and responsibility, the notion of a legal fiction should seem an anathema or, at …

Towards A New Moral Paradigm In Health Care Delivery: Accounting For Individuals, Meir Katz

Meir Katz

For years, commentators have debated how to most appropriately allocate scarce medical resources over large populations. In this paper, I abstract the major rationing schema into three general approaches: rationing by price, quantity, and prioritization. Each has both normative appeal and considerable weakness. After exploring them, I present what some commentators have termed the “moral paradigm” as an alternative to broader philosophies designed to encapsulate the universe of options available to allocators (often termed the market, professional, and political paradigms). While not itself an abstraction of any specific viable rationing scheme, it provides a strong basis for the development of …

The Revolution In U.S. Museums Concerning The Ethics Of Acquiring Antiquities, Jennifer Kreder

Jennifer Kreder

No abstract provided.

Should "Substitute" Private Attorneys General Enforce Public Environmental Actions? Balancing The Costs And Benefits Of The Contingency-Fee Environmental Special Counselor Arrangement, Julie E. Steiner

Julie E. Steiner

There is developing phenomenon of quasi-privatized environmental enforcement occurring on behalf and in the name of governments by entrepreneurial attorneys who substitute in place of the public enforcers and derive professional payment from a contingent fee withdrawn from the public’s environmental damage award. This Article addresses the question of whether governments should permit private attorneys to handle these “substitute environmental special counsel” enforcement arrangements. In so doing, the Article weighs the arrangement’s costs and benefits from the standpoint of whether it maximizes the deterrence and restorative compensation goals of environmental enforcement.

Governments are often the only entities with standing to …

Classification Of Participants In Suicide Attacks And The Implications Of This Classification For The Severity Of The Sentence: The Israeli Experience In The Military Courts In Judea And Samaria, Chagai D. Vinizky, Amit Preiss

Chagai D Vinizky

*** A revised version of this article is forthcoming in 30 Pace Law Review (Winter2010) *** The twenty-first century witnessed a considerable rise in the number of suicide attacks. The largest suicide attacks were carried out by Al-Qaeda in the United States on 11.9.2001 when that organization crashed four passenger planes (two into the Twin Towers and one into the Pentagon building) killing 2,973 civilians. Between the 11th September and the present time, suicide attacks have taken place throughout the world, including in Turkey, Great Britain, Egypt, India, Jordan, Spain and Iraq leading to thousands of deaths. A large proportion …

Problems And Reforms In Mortgage-Backed Securities: Handicapping The Credit Rating Agencies, Franz P. Hosp

Franz P Hosp V

Here we go again - another financial mess with credit rating agencies in the cross hairs. This is nothing new. Over the last four decades, credit rating agencies have been associated with several major financial disasters: the bankruptcy of Penn Central Transportation Company in 1970, the bankruptcy of Orange County in 1994, the Asian financial crisis in the late 1990's, the bankruptcy of Enron in 2001, and the bankruptcy of WorldCom in 2002.

Currently, the United States is suffering from an economic crisis precipitated largely by the deterioration of mortgage-backed securities. The process of securitizing mortgages is complex and involves …

Congress, Corporate Boards, And Oversight: A Private Law / Public Law Comparison, Paul S. Miller

Paul S. Miller

This article argues that a system of congressional oversight based on trust can produce more effective government than one based on highly detailed regulations. The article first presents historic examples of congressional oversight and the ways in which trust contributed both to the effectiveness of the oversight and to the success of the policies at issue. The article goes on to examine the rise of trust theory in corporate governance as a means of making oversight by boards of directors more effective and thereby making corporations more profitable. The final part of the article explores how use of trust theory …

Clear As Mud: How The Uncertain Precedential Status Of Unpublished Opinions Muddles Qualified Immunity Determinations, David R. Cleveland

David R. Cleveland

While unpublished opinions are now freely citeable under Federal Rule of Appellate Procedure 32.1, their precedential value remains uncertain. This ambiguity muddles the already unclear law surrounding qualified immunity and denies courts valuable precedents for making fair and consistent judgments on these critical civil rights issues. When faced with a claim that they have violated a person’s civil rights, government officials typically claim qualified immunity. The test is whether they have violated “clearly established law.” Unfortunately, the federal circuits differ on whether unpublished opinions may be used in determining clearly established law. This article, Clear as Mud: How the Uncertain …

The Veterans’ Judicial Review Act Twenty Years Later: Confronting The New Complexities Of Va Adjudication, James D. Ridgway

James D. Ridgway

When judicial review was introduced to the veterans benefits system twenty years ago, there was great concern that it would push the informal, “claimant friendly” process towards a much more adversarial model. Although judicial review has improved the system in many ways, the system continues to suffer from serious problems. Much of the discussion about the current problems facing the VA adjudication system accept the false premise that the system is struggling to find balance between a paternalistic charitable model and an adversarial entitlement model. This has obscured the true conflict within the system. In reality, the VA system has …