Law Commons^™

Kate Chase, The "Sphere Of Women's Work," And Her Influence Upon Her Father's Dissent In Bradwell V. Illinois, Richard Aynes

Richard L. Aynes

Kate Chase was said to be the most beautiful and the most intelligent woman of her age. Her father, Salmon P. Chase, is remembered today as Lincoln’s secretary of the treasury and as a chief judge of the U. S. Supreme Court. In his own time, Chase was considered one of the nation’s political giants; Abraham Lincoln described him as “one and a half times bigger than any other man” he had ever known. Carl Schurz’s summary still echoes today: “More than anyone else he looked the great man. Tall, broad-shouldered, and proudly erect, . . . he was a …

Constitucionalidade É Regra, Paulo Ferreira Da Cunha

Paulo Ferreira da Cunha

A Constituição não é um desses conceitos que se dobram e desdobram, fazem e refazem a bel-prazer dos interesses dos políticos, ou dos comentadores, que não o são menos. Não é questão de moda. Já como que ouvimos alguns a pensar, e quiçá a dizer mesmo: "Esta estação "está a dar", é "chic" ser contra a velharia da Constituição. Façamos pois uma nova, rasguemos e rompamos a velha - mesmo que por revisão -, fruto dessa coisa caduca, desactualizada, a revolução dos cravos, flor popularucha..." A Constituição, porém, não se muda por capricho de bem-pensantes, que nos querem doutrinar com …

A Constituição É Soberana, Paulo Ferreira Da Cunha

Paulo Ferreira da Cunha

A Constituição está acima de toda e qualquer outra manifestação jurídica, e, naturalmente, política. Por isso tem sido identificada, na pirâmide normativa (e jurídica em geral), com o vértice. Todo o Direito tem de estar de acordo com a Constituição. As normas, mesmo pretensamente constitucionais, que não respeitem a Constituição, são inconstitucionais e devem ser apagadas (quanto possível, pela natureza das coisas) da ordem jurídica. Estas como outras ideias simples nem sempre são aplicadas (ou se têm presentes) na prática do debate político. Quando, por exemplo, se pensa em revisões constitucionais. Estas também têm de respeitar a hierarquia normativa, logo, …

Conjugal Disputes At The Jewish Court Of 18th Century Altona, Noa Shashar

Early Modern Workshop: Resources in Jewish History

Disputes between married couples in 18th century were sometimes brought before the Jewish court ( the Beit-Din). Analysis of protocols of session which dealt with such disputes reveals facts about tensions caused by contemporary family structure and marriage customs as well as about the means which the court applied to enforce policy. The texts presented here are excerpts from one of the protocol books of the Jewish court of Altona. Altona, at the time subject to the Danish King, shared institutions with the neighboring Jewish communities in Hamburg and Wandsbeck, a union which produced several kinds of documents covering a …

Coasean Markets, Herbert J. Hovenkamp

All Faculty Scholarship

Coase’s work emphasized the economic importance of very small markets and made a new, more marginalist form of economic “institutionalism” acceptable within mainstream economics. A Coasean market is an association of persons with competing claims on a legal entitlement that can be traded. The boundaries of both Coasean markets and Coasean firms are determined by measuring not only the costs of bargaining but also the absolute costs of moving resources from one place to another. The boundaries of a Coasean market, just as those of the Coasean business firm, are defined by the line where the marginal cost of reaching …

Decisional Sequencing: Limitations From Jurisdictional Primacy And Intrasuit Preclusion, Kevin M. Clermont

Cornell Law Faculty Working Papers

This Article treats the order of decision on multiple issues in a single case. That order can be very important, with a lot at stake for the court, society, and parties. Generally speaking, by weighing those various interests, the judge gets to choose the decisional sequence, although the parties can control which issues they put before the judge.

The law sees fit to put few limits on the judge’s power, and properly so. The few limits are in fact quite narrow in application, and even narrower if properly understood. The Steel Co.-Ruhrgas rule generally requires a federal court to decide …

American Needle And The Boundaries Of The Firm In Antitrust Law, Herbert J. Hovenkamp

All Faculty Scholarship

In American Needle the Supreme Court unanimously held that for the practice at issue the NFL should be treated as a “combination” of its teams rather than a single entity. However, the arrangement must be assessed under the rule of reason. The opinion, written by Justice Stevens, was almost certainly his last opinion for the Court in an antitrust case; Justice Stevens had been a dissenter in the Supreme Court’s Copperweld decision 25 years earlier, which held that a parent corporation and its wholly owned subsidiary constituted a single “firm” for antitrust purposes. The Sherman Act speaks to this issue …

Constituição É Estabilidade, Paulo Ferreira Da Cunha

Paulo Ferreira da Cunha

A Constituição é a norma das normas, base da estabilidade institucional e da continuidade política para além dos governos, que se vão sucedendo e a devem sempre cumprir. A Constituição contém um programa nacional comum. Quando esse programa não servir realmente, não se revê a Constituição. Faz-se uma revolução e virá por ela nova Constituição. Mas estamos contentes com a Constituição que temos. Ela serve-nos, com mudanças de pormenor, quando oportuno.

Philip Hamburger's Law And Judicial Duty: The Origins Of Judicial Review, Robert J. Steinfeld

Book Reviews

No abstract provided.

Child Labor In India, A Consumer’S Perspective: Identifying Causes, Acknowledging Realities, And Proposing Incentives For Improvement, Vanessa L. Deniro Esq.

Vanessa L. De Niro

The exploitation of modern child labor in developing countries persists in part because of consumers like us. However, in light of increased global trade liberalization in developing countries and free market principles, cheap labor is what allows these nations to have a competitive edge in the global economy. With that said, a category of people that work longer hours for meager wages, absent unionization or labor protections, is an efficient means of production and justified by the economy of scales. Child laborers, exploited by employers competing in the global economy, are simply a product of laissez-fair economics, participating and contributing …

Futebol Como Metáfora, Paulo Ferreira Da Cunha

Paulo Ferreira da Cunha

O grande antropólogo brasileiro Roberto Da Matta, em entrevista a Marília Gabriela, na SBT, notável a muitos títulos, pareceu-nos ter elogiado o futebol como um sector social em que os jogadores são escolhidos pelo seu mérito efectivo e não por "cunhas" ou por motivos hereditários ou de afinidade. O que seria se a sociedade em geral se regulasse do mesmo modo? Ponderam-se neste artigo o entusiasmo por uma metáfora dessas e sublinha-se também a ambiguidade dessa "meritocracia"...

Brief Of Amicus Curiae Wesley Macneil Oliver In Support Of The Petition For Writ Of Certiorari, Wesley Oliver

Wesley M Oliver

The United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit recently held that a lawsuit could proceed against John Ashcroft in his individual capacity for the way he detained material witnesses after the Terror of September 11, 2001. Ashcroft allegedly used those he believed to be terrorist suspects as material witnesses when he lacked adequate suspicion to bring formal charges. All of these “witnesses” otherwise qualified for detention under the federal material witness detention statute. The Ninth Circuit concluded that this “pretextual” use of the material witness detention statute clearly violated the Fourth Amendment as it circumvented the probable cause …

Crime And Sacred Spaces In Early Modern Poland, Magda Teter

Magda Teter

This principle of intersection between action and sacredness was shared by both Jews and Christians. Both Christian and Jewish religious elites highlighted differences between sacred. In Catholicism, validation of space required a consecration by a bishop in preparation for the ritual of the Eucharist. Church vessels were viewed as sacred in relation to the Eucharist. The Eucharist defined levels of sacredness. The controversy over the nature of the Eucharist during the Reformation, challenged the notion of Christian sacred place. After the Reformation, in the minds of the church, and in Poland increasingly also in the minds of the secular courts, …

Higiene Da Língua, Paulo Ferreira Da Cunha

Paulo Ferreira da Cunha

Não interessam as ideias, ou o que se diga, mas apenas "passar na TV"? A nossa Língua não denota, nos maus tratos que sofre, doenças sociais e políticas? Antes de tudo, para haver saúde social e política, é preciso ter ideias claras. E elas não existem sem palavras apropriadas - uma lição de Confúcio a meditar. A alternativa é venerarmos apenas, acriticamente, os ídolos que passem na TV.

Professor's Paper Targets Klan Reference On University Of Texas Dorm... And Gets Action, Thomas D. Russell

Sturm College of Law: Faculty Scholarship

Ten weeks ago, my 48-page legal history paper started a Texas-sized controversy about a University of Texas dormitory named for a Klan leader. UT first admitted African-American students in 1950 after the NAACPʼs Legal Defense Fund lawyers beat Texas before the US Supreme Court in Sweatt v. Painter. Four years later, the great NAACP lawyers won Brown v. Board of Education. Just a few weeks after the Brown decision, UT put a Klansmanʼs name on a brand-new dormitory for law and graduate students.

The Creation And Transmission Of Justinian's Novels, Timothy G. Kearley

Timothy G. Kearley

The Doma Supreme Court Question: Do The Conservatives Really Care About States' Rights?, Kent Greenfield

Kent Greenfield

No abstract provided.

"Our Cities Institutions" And The Institution Of The Common Law, Bernadette Meyler

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

The audiences of early modern English drama were multiple, and they intersected with the legal system in various ways, whether through the cross-pollination of the theaters and the Inns of Court, the representations of the sovereign’s justice performed before him, or the shared evidentiary orientations of jurors and spectators. As this piece written for a symposium on “Reasoning from Literature” contends, Shakespeare’s Measure for Measure addressed to these various audiences the question of whether the King should judge in person. In doing so, it drew on extant political theories suggesting that the King refrain from exposing himself to public censure …

Roll Over Langdell, Tell Llewellyn The News: A Brief History Of American Legal Education, Stephen R. Alton

Faculty Scholarship

The origin of this essay is a presentation the author made at the Office of the Attorney General of the State of Texas on December 10, 2008. This essay is derived from the author's presentation, which originally was entitled "A Brief and Highly Selective History of American Legal Education and Jurisprudence. " In this essay, the author provides an overview of the history and development of legal education in America, emphasizing the establishment and evolution of the case method of instruction in American law schools and focusing on the influence of American jurisprudence on the development of legal education in …

Jefferson's "Laws Of Nature": Newtonian Influence And The Dual Valence Of Jurisprudence And Science, Allen P. Mendenhall

Allen Mendenhall

Jefferson appears to have conceived of natural law rather differently from his predecessors - namely, Saint Thomas Aquinas, Richard Hooker, Hugo Grotius, Samuel von Pufendorf, John Locke, and, among others, William Blackstone. This particular pedigree looked to divine decree or moral order to anchor natural law philosophy. But Jefferson’s various writings, most notably the Declaration and Notes on the State of Virginia, champion the thinking of a natural historian, a man who celebrated reason and scientific method, who extolled fact over fancy, material over the immaterial, observation over superstition, and experiment over divine revelation. They reveal, in other words, an …

Facebook, Paulo Ferreira Da Cunha

Paulo Ferreira da Cunha

Fascínios, possibilidades e perigos do Facebook e de tecnologias afins e seu uso. Sobretudo, a pseudo-democracia electrónica, tentação dos demagogos.

The Fifth Amendment & The Endangered Species Act: An Examination Of Regulatory Takings & The California Water Crisis, Wesley Lawrence Carlson

Agribusiness

This study was conducted to determine if reductions in water deliveries to farmers in the San Joaquin Valley due to enforcement of the Endangered Species Act has resulted in a compensable Fifth Amendment taking of property. A case study of the California Water Crisis is examined. The subject of this case study is the Westlands Water District.

The details of the California Water Crisis were outlined. The necessary elements of a takings investigation were identified for the case study. These elements were applied to takings criteria that has been established by the courts. Using prior court rulings as a guide …

The Twist Of Long Terms: Judicial Elections, Role Fidelity, And American Tort Law, Jed Handelsman Shugerman

Faculty Scholarship

The received wisdom is that American judges rejected strict liability through the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. To the contrary, a majority of state courts adopted Rylands v. Fletcher and strict liability for hazardous or unnatural activities after a series of flooding tragedies in the late nineteenth century. Federal judges and appointed state judges generally ignored or rejected Rylands, while elected state judges overwhelmingly adopted Rylands or a similar strict liability rule.

In moving from fault to strict liability, these judges were essentially responding to increased public fears of industrial or man-made hazards. Elected courts were more populist: they were …

Os Fundamentos Do Direito E O Processo De Bolonha, Paulo Ferreira Da Cunha

Paulo Ferreira da Cunha

Há muitos mitos sobre o processo de Bolonha, que tem servido de álibi para muita coisa. Para X e o contrário de X. O presente artigo é uma resenha de um colóquio na Suiça, em que se discutiu a formação jurídica a sério e sem demagogia, no horizonte de Bolonha. Que, como todas as crises, pode e deve ser uma oportunidade para fazer triunfar o Direito pensado, e não a burocratização juridica positivista legalista. Entre as conclusões desta reunião está, naturalmente, a vontade de viver, continuar, e resistir, dedicada e inovadoramente, contra a tecnocratização do Direito. Como dizia Pietro Costa, …

Semiótica Dos Titulos, Paulo Ferreira Da Cunha

Paulo Ferreira da Cunha

Uma coisa são habilitações reais, competência clara, outra são os títulos e os postos na carreira. Confunde-se demais o doirado dos “canudos” com a substância, assim como o renome mediático com qualidade. Há certamente uma patologia social quando se é povo de titulados e titulares. Tratamo-nos excessivamente por “doutores”, muitas vezes sem propriedade. O humanista Clenardo, no séc. XVI já, é que nos viu bem: generalizada mania da nobreza.

Fazer A "Diferença", Paulo Ferreira Da Cunha

Paulo Ferreira da Cunha

O que é ser diferente? O que é "ter diferenças"? Porque se diz, hoje em dia, em língua portuguesa corrente, "diferença" em vez de "divergência"? Não será esse um dos "paralelipípedos de línguagem" em que tropeçamos, ou que arremessamos aos nossos co-falantes?

Gender And Justice: The Experience Of Female Lawyers In Indiananapolis, Jessica Louise Nelson

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

"Gentleman M.B". is recorded in United States history as far back as 1638, and was a successful landowner, local leader, and attorney to the governor. What is not translated is that this gentleman was, in fact, a woman: Margaret Brent was the first known female attorney, and would be the only one allowed entrance to the Bar for more than 200 years. Even though centuries later, in 1869, Myra Bradwell (Illinois), Mary Magoon (Iowa) and Belle Mansfield (Iowa) gained access to the legal community, women remained an outcast minority until very recently. A mere two percent of the profession was …

The Case Against Taxing Citizens, Reuven S. Avi-Yonah

Articles

The bipartisan tax reform bill recently introduced by Sens. Ron Wyden, D-Ore., and Judd Gregg, R-N.H., proposes to abolish IRC section 911. That section, which exempts U.S. citizens living overseas from tax on the first $80,000 of earned income, is indeed anomalous in the context of a tax on all income "from whatever source derived," and has been subjected to criticism. However, there is a reason section 911 has been in the code since the 1920s: In its absence, citizenship-based taxation becomes completely unadministrable. Rather than continuing the long argument over section 911, Congress should therefore reexamine the basic premise: …

Book Review (Paul Frymer's Black And Blue: African Americans, The Labor Movement, And The Decline Of The Democratic Party)., Sophia Z. Lee

All Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Ética E Política. Uma Breve Reflexão, Paulo Ferreira Da Cunha

Paulo Ferreira da Cunha

A política não é uma ética armada, nem sequer uma ética prática ou aplicada. A política não é « serva » da ética, mas não pode recusar pelo menos alguma eticidade. Pelo menos uma eticidade mínima. Hoje é comum falar de ética e falta de ética na política. Que relações tal pode ter com a cidadania e a democracia, não apenas ao nível macro-institucional, mas também ao nível micro-estrural, de proximidade?